商业银行管理答案
《商业银行管理学》课后习题答案及解析
《商业银行管理学》课后习题答案及解析《商业银行管理学》课后习题及题解第一章商业银行管理学导论习题一、判断题1. 《金融服务现代化法案》的核心内容之一就是废除《格拉斯－斯蒂格尔法》。
2. 政府放松金融管制与加强金融监管是相互矛盾的。
3. 商业银行管理的最终目标是追求利润最大化。
4. 在金融市场上，商业银行等金融中介起着类似于中介经纪人的角色。
5. 商业银行具有明显的企业性质，所以常用于企业管理的最优化原理如边际分享原理、投入要素最优组合原理、规模经济原理也适用于商业银行。
6. 金融市场的交易成本和信息不对称决定了商业银行在金融市场中的主体地位。
7. 企业价值最大化是商业银行管理的基本目标。
8. 商业银行管理学研究的主要对象是围绕稀缺资源信用资金的优化配置所展开的各种业务及相关的组织管理问题。
9. 商业银行资金的安全性指的是银行投入的信用资金在不受损失的情况下能如期收回。
二、简答题1. 试述商业银行的性质与功能。
2. 如何理解商业银行管理的目标？3. 现代商业银行经营的特点有哪些？4. 商业银行管理学的研究对象和内容是什么？5. 如何看待“三性”平衡之间的关系？三、论述题1. 论述商业银行的三性目标是什么，如何处理三者之间的关系。
2. 试结合我国实际论述商业银行在金融体系中的作用。
第一章习题参考答案一、判断题1.√2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.×8.√9.√二、略；三、略。
第二章商业银行资本金管理习题一、判断题1. 新巴塞尔资本协议规定，商业银行的核心资本充足率仍为4％。
2. 巴塞尔协议规定，银行附属资本的合计金额不得超过其核心资本的50%。
3. 新巴塞尔资本协议对银行信用风险提供了两种方法：标准法和内部模型法。
4. 资本充足率反映了商业银行抵御风险的能力。
5. 我国国有商业银行目前只能通过财政增资的方式增加资本金。
6. 商业银行计算信用风险加权资产的标准法中的风险权重由监管机关规定。
商业银行经营管理--试卷答案
1．历史上第一家资本主义股份制商业银行成立于_______。
A．1171年B．1609年C．1621年D．1694年（）2．银行资本内部融资的主要来源是_______。
A．发行普通股B．发行优先股C．未分配利润D．发行中长期债券（）3．非预期损失主要对应于。
A．一级资本B．二级资本 C．三级资本D．经济资本（）4．在商业银行存款中，所需流动性资金准备率最高的是_______。
A．稳定性货币负债 B．脆弱性货币负债C．安全性货币负债 D．游动性货币负债（）5．信用分析的原则主要有三种，即5W、5C、5P，三原则中对信用保证要求的描述为。
A.what；capacity；paymentB.how；collateral；protectionC.what；collateral；protectionD. how；collateral；protection（）6．借款人目前偿还贷款本息没有问题，但存在一些可能对偿还产生不利影响的因素，此种贷款是。
A．正常贷款B．关注贷款C．次级贷款D．不良贷款（）7．商业银行获取短期资金最简便的方法是_______。
A．同业拆借B．向央行再贴现C．证券回购D．国际金融市场融资（）8．对银行选择盈利资产具有最重要意义的成本概念是_______。
A. 利息成本B．资金成本C．其他成本D．可用资金成本（）9．商业银行首先必须坚持的经营原则是_______。
A．流动性B．安全性C．盈利性 D. 效益性（）10．按照银行流动性管理中的进取型原则，借入资金渠道不包括．．．_______。
A. 发行债券B. 向金融市场拆借资金C. 自身资产转换D. 大面额存单（）11．价格领导模型的利率基础是。
A．银行的短期贷款利率B．中央银行的再贴现率C．银行关系户的利率D．若干大银行统一的优惠利率（）12．利息保障倍数的计算公式是_______。
A. 税前净利/利息费用B．（税前息前利润+利息费用）/利息费用C. （税后利润+利息费用）/利息费用D．（税前净利+利息费用）/利息费用（）13．在对借款人财务状况进行分析时，杠杆比率的分析目的是帮助银行了解借款企业的。
商业银行管理学课后题答案
第一章商业银行：商业银行是以追求利润最大化为目标，以多种金融欠债筹集资本，以多种金融财富为其经营对象，能利用欠债进行信用创建，并向客户供应多功能、综合性服务的金融公司。
信用中介：是指商业银行经过欠债业务，把社会上各样闲散钱币资本集中到银行，经过财富业务，把它投向需要资本的各部门，充任有闲置资本者和资本欠缺者之间的中介人，实现资本的融通。
作用：使闲散的钱币转变为资本、使闲置资本获取充分利用、续短为长，知足这会对长久资本的需要。
支付中介：是指商业银行利用活期存款账户，为客户办理各样钱币结算、钱币收付、钱币兑换和转移存款等业务活动。
CAMELS：美国联邦贮备委员会对商业银行看管的分类检查制度，这种分类检查制度的主要内容是把商业银行接受检查的范围分为六大类：资本（ capital）、财富（ asset ）、管理（ management）、利润（ earning ）、流动性（ liquidity）和对市场风险的敏感性（ sensitivity）。
分行制：分行制银行是指那些在总行之下，可在当地或外处设有若干分支机构，并能够从事银行业务的商业银行。
这种商业银行的总部一般都设在多半市，部下所有分支行须由总行领导指挥。
长处：第一，有益于银行汲取存款，有益于银行扩大资本总数和经营规模，能获得规模经济效益。
第二，便于银履行用现代化管理手段和设施，提升服务质量，加快资本周转速度。
第三有益于银行调理资本、转移信用、分别和减少多种风险。
第四，总专家数少，有益于国家控制和管理，其业务经营受地方政府干涉小。
第五，因为资本根源宽泛，有益于提升银行的竞争实力。
弊端：简单加快垄断的形成；并且因为其规模大，内部层次许多，使银行管理的难度增添等。
流动性：指财富变现的能力，商业银行保持随时能以适合的价钱去的可用资本的能力，以便随时对付客户提存以及银行其余支付的需要。
其权衡指标有两个：一是财富变现的成本，二是财富变现的速度。
4.成立商业银行制度的基根源则有哪些？为何要确定这些原则？答：（一）有益于银行业竞争。
《商业银行经营管理》试题及答案要点
《商业银行经营管理》试题及答案要点一、单项选择题（下列每小题的备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案，多选、错选、不选均不得分。
本题共45个小题，每小题1分）1.近代银行业产生于（）。
A.英国B.美国C.意大利D.德国【答案】C2.1694年英国政府为了同高利贷作斗争，以满足新生的资产阶级发展工业和商业的需要，决定成立一家股份制银行（）。
A.英格兰银行B.曼切斯特银行C.汇丰银行D.利物浦银行【答案】A3.现代商业银行的最初形式是（）。
A.股份制银行B.资本主义商业银行C.高利贷性质银行D.封建主义银行【答案】B4.1897年在上海成立的（）标志着中国现代银行的产生。
A.交通银行B.浙江兴业银行C.中国通商银行D.北洋银行【答案】C5.（）是商业银行最基本也是最能反映其经营活动特征的职能。
A.信用中介B.支付中介C.清算中介D.调节经济的功能【答案】A6.单一银行制度主要存在于（）。
A.英国B.美国C.法国D.中国【答案】B7.商业银行的经营对象是（）。
A.金融资产和负债B.一般商品C.商业资本D.货币资金【答案】D8.对于发行普通股，下面的表述错误的是（）。
A.发行成本比较高B.对商业银行的股东权益产生稀释作用C.资金成本总要高于优先股和债券D.总资本收益率下降时，会产生杠杆作用【答案】D9.附属资本不包括（）。
A.未公开储备B.股本C.重估储备D.普通准备金【答案】B10.总资本与风险加权资本的比率不得低于（）。
A.7%B.8%C.9%D.10%【答案】B11.年初的资本/资产＝8％，各种资产为10亿元，年末的比例仍为8％，年末的未分配收益为0.2亿元，银行的适度资本为（）。
A.12.5B.10C.10.2D.12.7【答案】A12.商业银行最主要的负债是（）。
A.借款B.发行债券C.各项存款D.资本【答案】C13.商业银行的（）是整个银行体系创造存款货币的基础。
A.资产B.负债C.所有者权益D.资本【答案】B14.某银行通过５％的利率吸收１００万新存款，银行估计如果提供利率为５.５％，可筹资１５０万存款，若提供６％的利率可筹资２００万元存款，若提供６.５％的利率可筹集２５０万存款，若提供７％利率可筹３００万存款，而银行的贷款收益率为８.５％，贷款利率不随贷款量增加而增加，贷款利率是贷款边际收益率。
保宝网商业银行经营管理综合练习和形考答案1-4
1、对千发行普通股，下面的表述错误的是()。
A发行成本比较高B对商业银行的股东权益产生稀释作用c资金成本总要高千优先股和债券D.总资本收益率下降时，会产生杠杆作用你的答案正确答案D2、商业银行最主要的负债是()。
A借款B发行债券c各项存款D.资本你的答案正确答案c3、商业银行发行的用千补充资本金的不足的债券是（）。
A.一般性债券B.资本性债券C. 国际债券D. 政府债券你的答案正确答案B4、以下属千商业银行“主动型负债＂的是()。
A.存款B同业拆借c再贴现D金融债券E.转贴现你的答案正确答案BCDE5、商业银行借入资金应考虑的因素包括()。
A借入资金的规模B借入资金的期限C借入资金的相对成本D借入资金的风险E.借入资金的法规限制你的答案正确答案ABCDE6、商业银行资金的安全性指的是银行投入的信用资金在不受损失的情况下能如期收回。
（）A正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A7、CDs存单是一种面额较大、不记名发行但不能在二级市场流通转让的定期存款凭证。
（）A.正确B.错误你的答案正确答案B8、商业银行管理学研究的主要对象是围绕稀缺资源信用资金的优化配置所展开的各种业务及相关的组织管理问题。
（）A.正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A9、对商业银行来说存款并不是越多越好。
（）A.正确B. 错误你的答案正确答案A10、我国目前资本市场利率仍然是市场利率与计划利率并存（）A正确B.错误你的答案正确答案A1、商业银行收入的主要来源是（）。
A租赁收入B证券销售收入C手续费收入D.利息收入你的答案正确答案D2、由千对环境条件等外部因素判断失误而给银行带来损失的风险一般归纳千（）。
A信用风险B.市场风险c操作风险D国家风险你的答案正确答案c3、《巴塞尔协议》规定商业银行的核心资本与风险加权资产的比例关系是（）。
A.�8%B.�8%C.兰4%D.�4%你的答案正确答案A4、产业分析落后导致银行不恰当的贷款支持属千（）。
A信用风险B.市场风险c操作风险D国家风险你的答案正确答案A5、商业银行用千弥补尚未识别的可能性损失的准备金是()。
商业银行管理第2章习题答案
Chapter 2Analyzing Bank PerformanceChapter Objectives1.Introduce bank financial statements, including the basic balance sheet and income statement, and discuss theinterrelationship between them.2.Provide a framework for analyzing bank performance over time and relative to peer banks. Introduce key financial ratios that can be used to evaluate profitability and the different types of risks faced by banks. Focus on the trade-off between bank profitability and risk.3.Identify performance measures that differentiate between small, independent banks (specialty banks) and largerbanks that are part of multibank holding companies or financial holding companies.4. Distinguish between types of bank risk; credit, liquidity, interest rate, capital, operational, and reputational.5. Describe the nature of and meaning of regulatory CAMELS ratings for banks.6.Provide applications of data analysis to sample banks’ financial information.7.Describe performance characteristics of different-sized banks.8. Describe how banks can manipulate financial information to ‘window-dress’ performance.Key Concepts1. Bank managers must balance banking risks and returns because there is a fundamental trade-off between profitability, liquidity, asset quality, market risk and solvency. Decisions that increase banking risk must offer above average profits. The more liquid a bank is and the more equity capital used to fund operations, the less profitable is a bank, ceteris paribus.2. Banks face five basic types of risk in day-to-day operations: credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, capital/solvency risk, and operational risk. Market risk encompasses interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and price risk. Each type of risk refers to the potential variation in a ba nk's net income or market value of stockholders’ equity resulting from problems that affect that part of the bank's activities.3. Banks also face risks in the areas of country risk associated with loans or other activity with foreign government units and off-balance sheet activities, which create contingent liabilities. More recently, banks have focused on reputation risk. For example, from 2002-2005 Citigroup, JP Morgan Chase, and Bank of America found that even though they continued to report strong pro fits, they experienced strong criticism for 1) their roles in facilitating strategies to disguise Enron’s true financial status, 2) problems in sub-prime lending programs via the Associates Corp. and their own internal finance company activities, 3) problems with underwriting subsidiaries with analyst conflicts between stock reports and the firm’s investment banking relationships; facilitating market timing of stock trades to their detriment of their own mutual fund holders, 4) lack of supervision of trading groups, and 5) facilitating improper borrowing at Parmalat.4. A bank's return on equity (ROE) can be decomposed in terms of the duPont system of financial ratio analysis. This examination of historical balance sheet and income statement data enables an analyst to evaluate the comparative strengths and weaknesses of performance over time and versus peer banks. The Uniform Bank Performance Report (UBPR) data reflect the basic ratios from this return on equity model.5. Different-sized commercial banks exhibit different operating characteristics and thus performance measures. Small banks typically report a higher return on assets (ROA) than large banks because they earn higher gross yields on assets and pay less interest on liabilities.6. High performance banks generally benefit from lower interest and non-interest expense and limit credit risk so that loan losses are relatively low. They also operate with above average stockholders' equity.7. Many banks can successfully "window-dress" performance by manipulating the reporting of financial data. They may accelerate revenue recognition and defer expenses or selectively alter when they take securities gains or losses and time when to charge off loans or report loans as non-performing. As such, they may inappropriately smooth earnings with provisions for loan losses or by other means. Analysts must be careful when evaluating extraordinary transactions that have one-time gain or loss features.Answers to End of Chapter Questions1. For a large bank, assets consist approximately of marketable securities (20%), loans (70%), and other assets (10%). Liabilities consist of core deposits (40%-60%), noncore, purchased liabilities (20%-40%), and other liabilities (5 %-10%) as a fraction of assets. Small banks typically obtain more funds in the form of core deposits and less in the form of noncore, purchased liabilities. Small banks often invest more in securities as well. Of course, the actual percentages for any bank depend on that bank’s business strategy, mark et competition, and ownership.2. A bank's interest income consists of interest earned on loans and securities while noninterest income includes revenues from deposit service charges, trust department fees, fees from nonbank subsidiaries, etc. Interest expense consists of interest paid on interest-bearing core deposits and noncore liabilities while noninterest expense is comprised of overhead costs, personnel costs, and other costs. A bank’s net interest income equals its interest income minus interest expense. Note that interest income may be calculated on a tax-equivalent basis in which tax-exempt interest is converted to its pre-tax equivalent. A bank’s burden is defined as its noninterest expense minus noninterest income. This is often quoted as a fract ion of total assets. A bank’s efficiency ratio is calculated as noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income. The denominator effectively measures net operating revenue after subtracting interest expense. The efficiency ratio measure the noninterest cost per $1of operating revenue generated. Analysts often interpret the efficiency ratio as a measure of a bank’s ability to control overhead relative to its ability to generate noninterest income (and overall revenue). A lower number is presumably better because it reflects better cost control compared with revenue generation.3. Balance sheet accounts:a. Increase liability: money market deposit account (+$5,000)Increase asset: federal funds sold (+$5,000)b. Decrease asset: real estate loanIncrease asset: mortgage loanc. Increase equity: common stock (common and preferred capital)Increase asset: commercial loans4. Income statementInterest on U.S. Treasury & agency securities $44,500Interest on municipal bonds 60,000Interest and fees on loans 189,700Interest income = $294,200Interest paid on interest-checking accounts $33,500Interest paid on time deposits 100,000Interest paid on jumbo CDs 101,000Interest expense = $234,500Net interest income = $59,700Provisions for loan losses = $ 18,000Net interest income after provisions = $41,700Fees received on mortgage originations $23,000Service charge receipts 41,000Trust department income 15,000Non-interest income = $79,000Employee salaries and benefits $145,000Occupancy expense 22,000Non-interest expense = $167,000Income before income taxes -$46,300Income taxes 15,742Net income = -$30,558Cash dividends declared 2,500Retained earnings = -$33,058This assumes that expenses associated with the purchase of the new computer are included in occupancy expense. If not, the computer expense (depreciation) will increase the loss for the period. Also, the bank can receive a tax refund from prior tax payments if the bank made a taxable profit within recent years.5. The primary risks faced by banks are credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk (the latter two represent market risk), operational risk, reputational risk, and capital solvency. In general, promised, or expected, returns should be higher for banks that assume increased risk. There should also be greater volatility in returns over time.a. Credit risk: Net loan charge-offs/LoansHigh risk - high ratio; Low risk - low ratioHigh risk manifests itself in occasional high charge-offs, which requires above average provisions for loan lossses to replenish the loan loss reserve. Thus, net income is volatile over time.b. Liquidity risk: Core deposits/AssetsHigh risk - low ratio; Low risk - high ratioHigh risk manifests itself in less stable funding as a bank relies more on noncore, purchased liabilities thatfluctuate over time. These noncore liabilities are also higher cost, which raises interest expense.c. Interest rate risk: (|Repriceable assets-repriceable liabilities|)/AssetsHigh risk - high ratio; Low risk - low ratioHigh risk banks do not closely match the amount of repriceable assets and repriceable liabilities. Largedifferences suggest that net interest income may vary sharply over time as the level of interest rates changes.d. Foreign exchange risk: Assets denominated in a foreign currency minus liabilities denominated in the same foreign currency.High risk – a large difference; Low risk – a small differenceHigh risk manifests itself when exchange rates change adversely and the value of the bank’s net position of assets versus liabilities denominated in a currency changes sharply.e. Operational risk: total assets/number of employeesHigh risk – low ratio; Low risk – high ratioHigh risk manifests itself when the bank operates at low productivity measured by more employees per amount of assetsf. Capital/solvency risk: Stockholders’ equity/AssetsHigh risk - low ratio; Low risk - high ratioHigh risk manifests itself because fewer assets must go into default before a bank is insolvent and can be closed down by regulators.g. Reputational risk is difficult to measure ex ante. It is more observable by announced problems and issues.6. Equity multiplierBank L: Equity/Assets = 0.06 indicates Assets/Equity = 16.67XBank S: Equity/Assets = 0.10 indicates Assets/Equity = 10XIf each bank earns 1.5% on assets (ROA = 0.015), then the ROEs will equal 25% (Bank L) and 15% (Bank S). If, instead, each bank reports a loss with ROA = -0.012, then the ROEs will equal -20% (Bank L) and -15% (Bank S). When banksare profitable, financial leverage has the positive effect of increasing ROE; when banks report losses, financial leverage increases the magnitude of loss in terms of a negative ROE.7. ROE= net income/stockholders' equityROA = net income/total assetsEM = total assets/stockholders' equityER = total operating expense/total assetsAU = total revenue/total assetsBalance sheet figures should be measured as averages over the period of time the income number is generated.ROE = ROA x EM ROA = AU – ER – TAXwhere TAX = applicable income tax/total assets.8. Profitability ratios differ across banks of different size as measured by assets. The primary reasons are that different size banks have different asset and liability compositions and engage in different amounts of off-balance sheet activities. Typically, small banks report higher net interest margins because their average asset yields are relatively high while their average cost of funds is relatively low. This reflects loans to higher risk borrowers, on average, and proportionately more funding from lower cost core deposits. ROEs, in turn, are often lower because small banks operate with more capital relative to assets, that is with lower equity multipliers, so that even with comparable ROAs the ROEs are lower. Large banks ROAs are increasing faster over time because large banks operate with lower efficiency ratios as they have been more successful in generating fee income.9. CAMELSa. C =capital adequacy: equity/assetsb. A = asset quality: nonperforming loans/loans; loan charge-offs/loansc. M = management: no single ratio is good, although all ratios indicate overall strategyd. E = earnings: aggregate profit ratios; ROE, ROA, net interest margin, burden, efficiencye. L = liquidity: core deposits/assets; noncore, purchased liabilities/assets; marketable securities/assetsf. S = sensitivity to market risk; |repriceable assets-repriceable liabilities|/assets; difference in assets and liabilitiesdenominated in the same currency; size of trading positions in commodities, equities and other tradeable assets.10. Lowest to highest liquidity risk: 3-month T-bills, 5-year Treasury bond, 5-year municipal bond (if high quality and from a known issuer), 4-year car loan with monthly payments (receive some principal monthly, may be saleable), 1-year construction loan, 1-year loan to individual, pledged 3-month T-bill. As stated, the 3-month T-bill that is pledged as collateral is illiquid unless the bank can change its collateral status.11. Comparative credit riska. loan to a comer grocery store representing a little known borrower with uncertain financialsb. loan collateralized with inventory (work in process) because the collateral is less liquid and more difficult to value;this assumes that the receivables are still viable and not too aged.c. normally the Ba-rated municipal bond, unless the agency bond is an "exotic" mortgage backed security, because theagency bond carries an implied guarantee in that Freddie Mac is a quasi-public borrower.d. 1-year car loan because the student loan is typically government guaranteed12. For the balance sheet: high core deposits/assets; high equity/assets; low noncore, purchased liabilities/assets; high investment securities/assets; high agriculture loans/assets (the value refers to that for small banks); For the income statement: net interest margin (high); burden/assets (high), efficiency ratio (high); (the descriptor in parentheses refers to the relationship for small banks versus larger banks).13. Extending a loana. the new loan is typically not classified as nonperforming because no payments are past dueb. often a bank recognizes that the loan is in the problem stage and the borrower renegotiates the terms in its favor;rationale is that the borrower may default if the loan is not restructured. Note that this restructuring gives theappearance that asset quality is higher.c. the primary risk is that the bank is throwing more money down a sink hole and will never recover any of its loan.14. Dividend payment: For: the loss is temporary and stockholders expect the dividend payment. Failure to make the payment will sharply lower the stock price because stockholders will be alienated. Against: the bank has not generated sufficient cash to make the payment from normal operations. By paying the cash dividend, the bank is self-liquidating. The cash dividend will lower the bank’s capital. What normally decides the issue is whether the loss is truly temporary or more permanent. Management typically errs by assuming that losses are temporary, and thus continues to make dividend payments when it should be reducing or eliminating them.15.Liquidity risk:a.Securities classified as held-to-maturity cannot be sold unless there has been an unusual change in the underlyingcredit quality of the security issuer. A high fraction indicates low liquidity because few securities (just 5% of the total) can be sold.b. A low core deposit base indicates a bank that relies proportionately more on noncore, volatile liabilities that are lessstable and more likely to leave the bank if rates change. This makes a bank’s funding sources less reliable and the bank subject to greater liquidity risk.c. A bank that holds long-term securities (8 years is long term) has assumed significant price risk even if the securitiescan be readily sold because they are classified as available-for-sale. Such securities will fall in value if interest rates rise. This indicates high liquidity risk.d.Assuming that $10 million in securities is sufficient, the fact that none are pledged makes them more liquid and isindicative of lower liquidity risk than if any securities were pledged.Problems1. Community National Bank (CNB)1. Profitability analysis for 2004 using UBPR figures:RATIO Community National Bank Peer BanksROE 8.67% 11.72%ROA 0.63 1.09EM 13.97X 10.67XAU 5.91 6.23ER 4.94 4.73TAX 0.34 0.41a.Aggregate profitability for CNB is substantially lower measured both by both ROE and ROA. Because CNB has less equity relative to assets, it has greater financial leverage. Thus, the greater financial leverage increases CNB’s ROE relative to peer banks. The fact that its ROE is lower, despite the greater leverage, indicates that the higher risk does not produce higher overall profitability. CNB has assumed a riskier profile with its greater financial leverage in that fewer assets can default before the bank is insolvent. CNB’s ROA is lower because it earns a lower average yield on assets (AU), pays more in operating expense (ER), offset somewhat by the fact that it pays less in taxes (TAX).b.Risk ComparisonCredit risk: same net charge-offs, much lower nonperforming (more than 90 days past due) and nonaccrual loans, higher provisions for loan losses (.30% versus 0.18%); loan loss reserve is a greater fraction of total loans and leases and a much greater fraction of noncurrent loans. Overall, the ratios indicate below-average risk. Of course, these figures represent only one year of data.Liquidity risk: lower equity to assets suggests higher liquidity risk from a funding perspective, higher available for sale securities and lower pledged securities suggests lower liquidity risk from the asset sale perspective; very high core deposits, low noncore funding (liabilities), low loans and leases and high ST securities suggest lowerliquidity risk. Overall, liquidity risk appears lower because the bank has a strong core deposit base, fewer loans and more securities can be readily sold. Still, the bank might have difficulty borrowing if loans exhibit low qualityand deposit outflows arise. Conclusion: below-average liquidity risk.Capital Risk: low capital to asset ratios; low equity to assets indicate above average capital risk; bank pays less out in dividends and its growth rate in equity capital is lower. Overall, the bank exhibits greater capital risk. Thissituation is offset by the bank’s apparent higher quality assets.Operational risk: low assets to employees ratio, high personnel expense to employees and high efficiency ratio indicate high operational risk. Of course, these data do not capture the likelihood of fraud and other potentialoperational problems.c.Recommendations:1)Impro ve the bank’s capital position; slow asset growth and pursue greater profits.2)Evaluate credit risk carefully; ensure that loans are adequately diversified and that any default of a single loan ortype of loans cannot place the bank’s capital at risk to where regulators will restrict the bank’s activities. Slow loan growth until capital base is at target. Implement a formal credit risk review process.3)Improve operating efficiency. Review noninterest expense sources and cut costs where possible.4)The first t wo suggestions will have the impact of lowering the bank’s earnings, ceteris paribus. Therefore,management should focus on growing sources of noninterest income that currently are not being pursued.2.Citibank UBPRa.In 2004, Citibank’s ROE equaled 15.26% while its ROA equaled 1.49% versus peers’ figures of 14.58% and 1.31%,respectively. Citibank’s equity multiplier (EM = ROE/ROA) equaled approximately 10.24X versus 11.13X for peers. Citibank’s AU is higher at 8.83% (5.25% + 3.58%) versus 7.69% (4.46% + 3.23%) at peers. Citibank clearly generated higher gross revenues from both interest and noninterest sources. Citibank’s expense ratio (ER), in turn, equaled 6.27% while ER for peers was much lower for each type of expense and in total at 4.23%. Based on the profit figures alone, Citibank appears to be a high performance bank and achieves that by generating greater relative revenues.b.Citibank’s credit risk (as evidenced only by the ratios provided) appears high as net losses to loans is higher thanPeers (1.58% versus 0.25%), as is noncurrent loans and leases as a fraction of loans (1.78% versus 0.59%). The loss allowance (reserve) is a higher fraction of loans, but a much smaller fraction of net losses (charge-offs) andnoncurrent loans indicating that more reserves might be appropriate.c.Citibank’s liquidity risk appears high as the bank has a lower equity to asset (tier 1 leverage capital) ratio and reliesmuch more on noncore liabilities (noncore fund dependence). With its greater credit risk, you might expect it to operate with greater equity capital. Similarly, the bank is growing at a fast pace which generally increases overall risk because management cannot easily control risk from growth.d.Recommendations:Carefully assess credit risk; realign portfolio where appropriate.Increase the loan loss reserve.Slow loan growth and/or shift loans to less risky classes.Line up additional sources of liquidity.Review pricing of loans and deposits; identify sources of fees/noninterest income to see if they are sustainable.。
《商业银行经营管理》试题及答案
《商业银行经营管理》试题及答案商业银行经营管理试题及答案一、选择题1. 商业银行的主要职能是：A. 存款业务B. 贷款业务C. 外汇业务D. 所有上述选项答案：D. 所有上述选项2. 商业银行对存款人存款的约定性质是：A. 非法约定B. 合法约定C. 不确定性质D. 没有约定答案：B. 合法约定3. 商业银行的贷款业务包括：A. 公司贷款B. 个人贷款C. 房地产贷款D. 所有上述选项答案：D. 所有上述选项4. 商业银行的外汇业务主要包括：A. 外汇存款B. 外汇贷款C. 外汇兑换D. 所有上述选项答案：D. 所有上述选项5. 商业银行的主要收入来源是：A. 存款利息B. 贷款利息C. 手续费及佣金收入D. 所有上述选项答案：D. 所有上述选项二、问答题1. 商业银行的资产负债表由哪几部分构成？简要解释其内容。
答：商业银行的资产负债表由资产、负债和所有者权益组成。
其中，资产包括现金、存放在央行的存款、贷款、债券、固定资产等；负债包括存款、发行债券等；所有者权益指商业银行的净资产，即净值。
2. 商业银行如何实施贷款风险管理？答：商业银行实施贷款风险管理主要包括风险评估、风险控制和风险监测。
首先，通过对贷款申请人的信用评估和还款能力评估，确定贷款风险的大小。
其次，商业银行通过设定贷款额度、利率等方式来控制贷款风险。
最后，商业银行需对已发放的贷款进行监测，及时发现并采取措施应对潜在风险。
3. 商业银行的利润是如何形成的？答：商业银行的利润主要来自三个方面：利息收入、手续费及佣金收入和其他收入。
利息收入是商业银行主要的收入来源，包括通过贷款和存款产生的利息收入。
手续费及佣金收入包括为客户提供的各种金融服务所收取的费用。
其他收入包括投资收益、汇兑收益等非利息收入。
4. 商业银行如何管理流动性风险？答：商业银行管理流动性风险的方法包括设定合理的流动性管理政策、建立流动性风险管理框架、进行流动性压力测试等。
《商业银行经营管理》2023-2024期末试题及答案
《商业银行经营管理》2023-2024期末试题及答案
一、填空题（每空1分，共8分）
1．商业银行最基本、最能反映其经营活动特征的功能是。
2．在分支行制下，商业银行分支机构的管理方式可分为三种类型：、、
3．营销者将其产品用户划分为大中小三类客户的营销方法是。
4．根据我国《金融企业会计制度规定》，金融机构必须提供的财务报表有资产负债表、、、
二、名词解释（每题4分．共12分）
1．票据贴现
2．结算中负债
3．资本充足率
三、单项选择题（每题3分，共15分）
1．商业银行的管理机构掌握着银行的经营管理权，直接对( )负责。
A．股东大会 B．董事会
C．监事会 D．检查委员会
2．由金融机构发行的期限浮动、利率与期限挂钩、分段累进计息的债券被称为( )。
A．普通金融债券 B．累计金融债券
C．贴现金融债券 D．浮动利率债券
3．下列各项，反映商业银行负债结构的比例是( )。
A．资本充足率 B．存贷款比率
C．拆借资金率 D．杠杆比率
4．下列各项，属于商业银行核心资本的是( )。
A．未分配利润 B．长期金融债券
C．一般准备金 D．未公开储备
5．商业银行的备付金比例应不低于( )。
A. 5% B．10%
C．15% D．20%
四、判断题（判断正误并对错误的说明理由；每题3分，共15分）
1．从商业银行发展的历史来看，主要有职能分工型模式和全能型模式两种，德国、美国、瑞士都是全能型模式的代表国家。
( )
理由：。
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商业银行管理重点习题答案P1275-11∵总利息收入=2*总利息支出净利息收入=总利息收入-总利息支出=净利息支出=800∴总利息收入= 2*($800) = $1600 总利息支出= $800∵非利息收入=0.75*非利息支出净非利息收入=非利息收入-非利息支出=-0.25*非利息支出=-500∴总非利息收入= 0.75*($2000) = $1500 总非利息支出= $2000∵贷款损失预提=0.01*总利息收入∴贷款损失预提= .01*($1600) = $16所得税=0.3*未缴所得税前净收入=0.3*372=111.6∵税后净收入=未缴所得税前净收入-所得税=372-111.6=260.4= -股利∴股利=税后净收入-未分配利润增加额=260.4-200=60.4P1396-12ROE = 0.80*12 = 9.60 %∵ROE=ROA*股本乘数∴股本乘数=9.6/0.6=166-13ROE=净收入/股本=12/50=24%赋税管理效率=净收入/税前净收入=12/15=80%成本控制效率=税前净收入/运营收入=15/100=15%资产管理效率=运营收入/资产=100/600=16.67%资金管理效率=资产/股本=600/50=12P1506-4（题目“资产负债表”内数据有误，书中已改）空格填写：1.总利息收入=贷款利息与服务费收入+证券利息与股利=50+6=562.利息总支出=存款利息支出+非存款借款的利息支出=40+6=463.利息净收入=总利息收入-利息总支出=56-46=104.非利息总支出=工资和雇员福利+营业费用+其他非利息开支=10+5+2=175.税前经营收入=利息净收入-贷款损失准备金+非利息收入和服务费收入-非利息总支出=10-5+20-17=86.税前净经营收入=税前经营收入+证券收益（损失）=8+2=107.净运营收入=税前净经营收入-税赋=10-2=88.净收入=净运营收入+特别项目净收入=8+（-1）=7指标计算：1.ROE=净收入/总资本=7/80=8.75%2.ROA=净收入/总资产=7/980=0.71%3.利息净收益=利息净收入/总资产=10/980=1.02%4.资产利用率=总运营收入/总资产=（总利息收入+非利息收入和服务费收入）/总资产=（56+20）/980=76/980=7.76%5.权益乘数=总资产/总资本=980/80=12.256.税收管理效率=净收入/税前净经营收入=7/10=70%7.非利息净收益=非利息净收入/总资产=（非利息收入和服务费收入-非利息总支出）/总资产=（20-17）/980=0.31%8.经营净收益=（总运营收入-总运营成本）/总资产=[76-（46+5+17）]/980=8/980=0.82%9.收益率=总利息收入/总盈利资产-总利息支出/（生息存款+余额+留存收益）=56/860-46/710=0.033%10.净利润率=净收入/总运营收入=7/76=9.21%11.支出控制效率=税前净经营收入/总运营收入=10/76=13.16%12.资产管理效率=总运营收入/总资产=76/980=7.76%13.基金管理效率=总资产/总资本=980/80=12.2514.运营效率比率=总运营支出（含税收）/总运营收入=（46+5+17+2）/76=92.11%P1526.13今年ROA=（利息总收入-利息支出+非利息收入-非利息支出-贷款损失准备-收入税+证券净收益）/总资产=（40-24+4-8-2-1+2）/885=11/885=1.24%一年以前ROA=（利息总收入-利息支出+非利息收入-非利息支出-贷款损失准备-收入税+证券净收益）/总资产=（41-25+4-7-1-1+2）/880=13/880=1.48%两年以前ROA=（利息总收入-利息支出+非利息收入-非利息支出-贷款损失准备-收入税+证券净收益）/总资产=（42-26+3-7-1-0+1）/875=12/875=1.37%三年以前ROA=（利息总收入-利息支出+非利息收入-非利息支出-贷款损失准备-收入税+证券净收益）/总资产=（43-27+2-6-0-1+0）/860=10/860=1.16%四年以前ROA=（利息总收入-利息支出+非利息收入-非利息支出-贷款损失准备-收入税+证券净收益）/总资产=（44-28+1-5-0-0+0）/850=12/850=1.41%表各年份ROA变化趋势可以看出，该银行从四年前至今利息总收入在不断增加，利息支出在不断减少，但是净利息收入保持不变；非利息收入和非利息支出均在不断增加，非利息净收入基本维持稳定；贷款损失准备、证券净收益不断上升；总体来看，净收入基本保持稳定，总资产逐年上升，使得银行ROA波动下降，这可能是由于银行正在逐年增加资产。
P26910-201.Bacone国民银行投资组合分为四个间隔一年的1100万美元证券，是一种间隔期限政策；Dunham国民银行遵循杠铃期限策略。
2.出现策略差异的原因在于Dunham国民银行追求流动性和高收益，而Bacone是一个小规模银行，只需进行简单易执行的策略。
P27110-10Sillistine债券投资组合的平均久期为4.5年，这期限相对较长，为使利率风险最小化，可选择缩短债券组合久期或使用对冲工具(如期货、期权)。
10-111.这种经济预测说明收益率曲线是向上倾斜的；未来贷款需求上升。
2.投资经理会考虑缩短投资组合久期。
3.如果收益率曲线有足够大的正斜率，投资经理可以通过“驾驭收益率曲线策略”，出售快到期、价格大幅上升的证券获得价格上升带来的资本利得，再投资收益率更高的更长期债券。
投资经理必须考虑到实施此策略的资本损失。
投资经理可以通过风险对冲工具降低风险。
10-121.这种经济预测说明当前的收益率曲线应该是持平或向下倾斜的，未来18个月贷款需求、产出、就业均下降。
2.投资组合经理应延长投资组合的久期，锁定现在的高利率。
3.投资经理还应根据资产负债表和利润表关注银行当的利率敏感型缺口、久期缺口以及现时盈余、税收现状。
10-131.会建议该银行对证券投资组合做出改变。
2.因为随着商家总部、企业主的进入，该银行将面对越来越多的贷款需求。
这意味着银行未来税收、流动性风险与信用风险均会增加。
为解决流动性风险，银行可能会考虑将五年期以上的证券减少，投入到较短期限的证券。
在税收的增加和信用风险增加方面，银行需要考虑哪个更为重要，若想减少信用风险，则可减少证券组合中市政债券的比例；若想减少税收，则可增加对市政债券的投资比例。
P29611-1净流动性头寸=[95+ 90+ 80+ 40+ 95] - [100+ 60+ 150+ 60+ 50]=400-420= - 20银行可以通过增加从货币市场的借款或者出售银行资产或者两者同时进行来满足其流动性需求。
11-4（数据有误，书中已改）存款流动性准备金=0.75*净热钱存款+0.20*净易变存款+0.05*净核心存款净热钱存款=（10-10*0.03）+5+（1200-1200*0.03）=1178.7净易变存款=（48.3-48.3*0.03）+[（65-48.3）-（65-48.3）*0.03]+152+（740-740*0.03）=932.85净核心存款=（48.3-48.3*0.03）+[（85-48.3）-（85-48.3）*0.03]+450+（172-172*0.03）=699.29 所以，存款流动性准备金=0.75*净热钱存款+0.20*净易变存款+0.05*净核心存款=0.75*1178.7+0.20*932.85+0.05*699.29=1105.5595预期贷款需求增加（下限）=2500*1.08=2700（百万）预期贷款需求增加（上限）=2550*1.08=2754（百万）因此，贷款需求增加额最小为2700-2500=200百万，最大为2754-2500=254百万总流动性准备金=贷款需求增加额+存款流动性准备金最小为200+1105.5595=1305.5595百万，最大为254+1105.5595=1359.5595百万P32412.11.核心存款/资产总额=50/625=8%大额可转让存单/资产总额=150/625=24%经纪人存款/资产总额=65/625=10.4%其他存款/资产总额=45/625=7.2%货币市场负债/资产总额=195/625=31.2%其他负债/资产总额=70/625=11.2%产权资本/资产总额=55/625=8.8%根据上述指标可以看出，该银行核心存款所占比例最低，而货币市场负债和大额可转让存单总和占到负债总额的50%以上，这种资产组合方式使得银行面临较高的利率风险敞口；该银行的经济人存款份额占比也较高，增加了银行的不稳定性和利率敏感程度。
因此，管理层应增加银行的核心存款以及其他较为稳定的存款来源。
2.如果利率大幅上升，该银行会立即面临更高的利息成本，而资产中只有6500万美元的利息收益不能迅速调整，银行的利润将缩小。
管理层需要改善银行资产负债表，转向收益更灵活的资产和成本更灵活的负债，还应更好的利用利率对冲工具。
5.根据上表可以看出，银行至多吸纳5亿元才能保证边际成本不超过边际收益，当银行吸纳6亿元时边际成本大于边际收益。
P34613-11根据题目可知，1.加权平均利息成本=利息成本/总存款与借入资金=14.25/700=2.04%2.收支平衡成本率=总成本/总资金=36/700=5.14%3.总历史加权平均资本成本=（收支平衡成本率*借入资金比例）+（股东权益税前成本*股权比例）=5.14%*（700/750）+6.5%*（50/750）=5.23%P39115-4总风险加权资产=（4+30.6）*0%+（4.0+20.5*0.2）*20%+66*50%+（105.3+25.5*0.5）*100%=152.67一级资本-风险加权资产比例=7.5/152.67=4.91%总资本-风险加权资产比例=（7.5+5.8）/152.67=8.71%15-5总风险加权资产=（75+250）*0%+（130+87*0.2）*20%+375*50%+（520+145*0.5）*100%=809.48总资本-风险加权资产比例=100/809.48=12. 35%该银行不存在资本不足。
15-9因此，出售资本票据对股东最有利，因为它稀释了发行股票的影响。
因此，在此情况下选择出售资本票据对股东最有利。
可见，在此情况下，选择出售资本票据对股东最为有利。
P44817-5估计收入：贷款的利息收入=10000000*6%=600000贷款承诺费=10000000*0.75%=75000现金管理费=10000000*3%=300000总收入=600000+75000+300000+1500=976500估计费用：支付的利息=3000000*2.75%=82500预期成本=10000000*4%=400000劳动力成本和其他营业费用=10000000*2%=200000贷款处理成本=10000000*1.5%=150000总费用=832500年税前收益率=（976500-832500）/7000000=2.06%1.拒绝该贷款，因为达不到4%的年税收益率。