定语从句定义、用法、例句及练习的完全解析
难点:whose
Join the following pair of sentences. The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose window=the house’s window 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
关系代词的用法练习
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.
词序是:the+名词+of which,如: They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name)
1. Tom is one of the boys who from the USA. 2. Tom is the only one of the the boys who from the USA. A is B are
答案B,A 注意one of+n.在定丛中的主 谓一致问题
1.Is thissited last week ? 2.Is this the factory ____________ we visited last week ? A. which B. where C. what D. the one
介词 + which / whom 介词的确定方法:
1. 根据先行词来确定 This is the pot in which I boiled the milk. This is the pot (which / that) I boiled the milk in. 1979 was the year in which my son was born. (= when) This is the place in which I grew up. (= where)
只能用that 做关系代词的情况
5)先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。 He is the only person that I want to talk to. 他是惟一的我想跟说话的人。 The only possessions that I could see were a few tin plates and cups and a couple of pots. 我能看到的他们仅有的财产就是几个锡盘子、杯子 和三两个罐子。 6)先行词既有人又有物时。例如: They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。 7)who, which 等疑问代词引导的句子。 Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 8)当先行词在主句中作表语 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be..
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.
antecedent 先行词 relative pronoun 关系代词
2. A spacecraft is a vehicle that/ which can travel in space.
2. where指地点,在从句中作地点状语。 如: This is the hotel where they are staying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived 3. why指原因或理由,它的先行词只有 reason。如: That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.
as引导定语从句
as多用于固定搭配中:as we all know, as is known to all, as we can see, as is often the case(这是常 有的事),as was expected(不出所料),as often happens(正如经常发生的那样),as has been said before(如上所述),as is mentioned above(正如上面 所提到的)等。
3. 作定语用whose 如: (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.
注:“whose +名词中心词 ”这一结构在定 语从句中既能作主语(如上 a句),又能作 宾语(如上b句)。whose 的先行词常用来 指人,但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象 概念, 这时可以与of which互换。
第一题缺少表语,只有填D项才能保持主句的完整 性,而其他的选项均为干扰项。
第二题主句本身完整,应填的关系代词在从句中 作visited 的宾语,故应选A项。
关系副词的用法
关系副词 when
where why
指代 时间
地点 原因
是否可 所做成分 省略 状语
状语 状语
否
否 否
关系副词的用法
1.when 指时间,在从句中作时间状语 如: I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?
关系代词的用法
关系代词 指代 that which who whom 所做成分 是否可省略 人;物 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
物
人
人
人;物
主语;宾语 作宾语可省 主语;宾语 作宾语可省 宾语 可省
定语 不可省
whose
关系代词的用法:
1. 作主语用who, which或that, 如: He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that 如: The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?
2. 根据从句中的谓语动词或形容词来确定 The person to whom I complained is the manager. The person (who/whom/that) I complained to is the manager. 3. 当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组 时, 介词不能前置 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
The house
the window of which is broken of which the window is broken
is mine.
1)先行词是不定代词:all,few,little,much, something,nothing,anything等。例如: All that we have to do is to practice every day. 2)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。例如: I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 3)先行词被被形容词最高级修饰 This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. 4)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰,例如: The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表 地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分 析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时, 关系词应该用 which或that, 缺少时间状 语或地点状语时,才能用 when 或 where , 试比较:
I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which /that makes radio parts. 温馨提示: when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句, 也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why只 能引导限制性定语从句。
定语从句详细讲解与习题
一.定语从句:定语从句是一种在句子中起修饰作用的从句,用于修饰一个名词或代词,就像一个形容词一样,让这个名词或代词的信息更加具体。
1. 基本结构---定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(如when, where, why)引导。
例如:--- The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)其中,“that/which I bought yesterday”是定语从句,修饰先行词“the book”,“that/which”引导词,在从句中作宾语,指代“the book”。
2. 关系代词的用法--- who/whom:用于指人。
“who”在从句中做主语,“whom”作宾语。
---例如:The man who helped me is my teacher.(帮助我的那个人是我的老师。
)这里“who”在从句中做主语,不能省略;而在句子“The boy whom I met yesterday is my friend.”(我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的朋友。
)中,“whom”作宾语,在口语中也可以用“who”来代替,并且可以省略。
--- whose:表示所属关系,意为“……的”,既可以指人也可以指物。
-例如:I know the girl whose mother is a doctor.(我认识那个女孩,她的妈妈是一名医生。
)“whose mother”在从句中做主语,修饰“the girl”;对于物,“The house whose windows are broken needs to berepaired.”(窗户破了的那所房子需要修理。
)--- which:用于指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
---例如:The movie which we watched last night was really exciting.(我们昨晚看的电影真的很刺激。
中考定语从句讲解与练习精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词;引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。
定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词(先行词)之后。
例1:The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。
在这句话中,who is reading a story book.是定语从句。
它修饰、限定the boy,the boy是先行词,引导定语从句的who是引导词。
二、定语从句的分类:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面,用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,与先行词的关系非常密切,翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面;如果去掉,则整个句子的意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。
2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用,译为汉语时常不译作定语,而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切,只是对先行词作附加说明,既使去掉,主句的意思依然清楚。
非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开,如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。
Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天,吉米动身到加拿大去了,他曾在那儿呆了两年。
三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词,它一方面连接先行词和定语从句;别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份,引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译,一般情况下应译为“……的”。
定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。
初中英语定语从句用法详解及练习
定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一样放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成份。
(定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种)that which who whom whose when where why注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语,因此定语从句中不能再显现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
三、定语从句的分类依照定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜爱轻柔的。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站周围的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如:那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
定语从句相关知识点总结
定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。
1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。
二、关系代词的用法。
1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。
定语从句知识点总结详细
定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。
在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。
二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。
例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。
例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。
)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。
关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。
定语从句定义、用法、例句及练习的完全解析
词类:
1. teacher, book 2. we ,me, he 3. two, fifth 4. work, study, live 5. good, big 6. fast, quickly 7. a, an, the 8. in, on, by, with 9. and, but 10. oh,ah 1. 名词 n. 2. 代词 pron. 3. 数词 num. 4. 动词 v. 5. 形容词 adj. 6. 副词 adv . 7. 冠词 art. 8. 介词 prep. 9. 连词 conj. 10. 感叹词 int.
11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 主语+双宾动词+ 直接宾语+间接宾语 12.All the students think highly of his teaching. 主语 +及物动词 +宾语 13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 主语 +及物动词 +宾语 +状语 14. He asked us to sing an English song. 主语 +动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 15. Don't get nervous. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
宾语种类:
Lend me your dictionary, please. 双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语) They elected him their monitor. 复合宾语(宾语+宾补)
定语(attribute):修饰名词或代词
Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. There are thirty women teachers in our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. He is reading an article about how to learn English. Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.
定语从句详解+例句
定语从句详解+例句定语从句是英语重点语法之一,几乎每个人在研究英语时都会遇到,也是高考、四级、六级等考试的重点,因此需要系统的掌握和练。
定语从句在英语中经常出现,用于修饰名词或代词,从而可以更加精准地表达意思。
以下是定语从句的详细解释和例句。
一、什么是定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词,从而使该名词或代词的含义更加精确。
在定语从句中,包含了一个关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)或一个关系副词(where,when,why)等。
二、定语从句的种类1. 定义性定语从句定义性定语从句是限制性的定语从句。
它的作用是进一步说明名词的具体内容和范围。
这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用that/who/which。
例:The book which is on the desk is mine. (在桌子上的书是我的。
)2. 非定义性定语从句非定义性定语从句是非限制性的定语从句。
它用来为名词或代词提供附加的描述或补充信息。
这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用which/who。
例:My husband, who is a doctor, is very busy. (我丈夫是个医生,非常忙。
)三、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词关系代词包括 that、which、who、whom、whose。
指物指人主格 which who宾格 which/ that whom/who形容词性物主代词 whose whose2. 关系副词关系副词有三个,分别是 when、where 和 why,表示时间、地点和原因。
四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在它所修饰的名词之后,用于对该名词进行限制或描述。
五、注意点1. 先行词需要同定语从句中的关系代词在性、数上保持一致。
2. 当先行词在定语从句中作为主语时,关系代词要使用主格形式 who 或者 that。
若先行词在定语从句中作为宾语,关系代词要使用宾格形式 whom 或者 that。
定语从句用法归纳
定语从句用法归纳关键信息项:1、定语从句的定义2、定语从句的分类3、关系代词的用法4、关系副词的用法5、定语从句中的特殊情况11 定语从句的定义定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,它在句中充当定语的成分,对先行词进行限定、描述或补充说明。
先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
111 例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting (“that I bought yesterday”是定语从句,修饰先行词“the book”)12 定语从句的作用定语从句能够丰富句子的表达,使语言更加准确、生动和具体。
21 定语从句的分类根据关系词的不同,定语从句可分为关系代词引导的定语从句和关系副词引导的定语从句。
211 关系代词引导的定语从句常用的关系代词有 that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
212 that 既可指人也可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
213 例如:The man that is standing there is my teacher (that 在从句中作主语)214 I like the book that you gave me (that 在从句中作宾语)215 which 指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
216 例如:The house which was built last year is very beautiful (which 在从句中作主语)217 This is the book which I want to read (which 在从句中作宾语)218 who 指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
219 例如:The man who is talking to the teacher is my father (who 在从句中作主语)220 The girl who you met yesterday is my sister (who 在从句中作宾语)221 whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
