增分1答案解析
2021版高考英语增分大一轮人教版精练：必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement Word版含答案
必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievementⅠ.阅读A(2020山东模考) My school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area.Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot.It was a lot of work but it was all worth it.I got blisters (水泡) from digging,and we all got insect bites,too.I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration (合作),and then I learned about the media.Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished.She spoke with the producer.The producer checked with the directors,but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden,since many schools plant them.The teacher explained that,after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原),we had made a prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants,and then we planted them.We did not water the garden,but we did weed it.We decided to let nature water it with rain,since that was how prairies grew in the past.We sent a picture of the garden to the news station.In the picture,the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.As a result,the producer sent a reporter to our school.He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden.After that,they interviewed us,and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.That night,we watched the news,and there we were.The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long,but it was us.We were famous.All that work,all those blisters,it was worth it.We knew that when we saw the garden every day,but now we knew that the whole city thought so,too.1.What seemed to be the TV directors’ initial reaction to the garden?A.They were excited.B.They were surprised.C.They were worriedD.They were uninterested.2.What is special about the garden?A.Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.B.The grass grew faster than common grass.C.The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.D.Underground water was used for the plants.3.What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph?A.We got blisters on our hands.B.Our hard work was worthwhile.C.The garden would be famous.D.The project would be finished.4.How did the author feel about the project?A.Annoyed.B.Curious.C.Proud.D.Regretful.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。
2021版高考英语增分大一轮人教版精练：选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea Word版含答案
Unit 3 Under the seaⅠ.阅读(2019陕西部分学校检测) Scientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch—about 40,000 metric tons—within five years.In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine,creating the largest floating barrier ever made.The system,originally dreamed up by Mr.Slat,will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch,between Hawaii and California,and which contains an estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic.It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr.Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea.“There were more bags than fish down there,” he recalls.Two years later he came up with a solution,quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company.Mr.Slat,23,says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone.“We as a humanity created this problem,so I think it’s our responsibility also to help solve it,” he said.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) spans 617,763 sq miles—more than twice the size of France,and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic,research found last month.Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear,such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales,dolphins and seals each year,according to scientific surveys.Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic.Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it’s food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly.Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.1.What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?A.Waste.B.Ocean.C.System.D.Machine.2.According to the passage,most of the Garbage in Pacific is made up of .A.fishing vesselsB.dolphins and sealsC.giant tubesD.abandoned fishing gear3.Why do some creatures in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?A.Because they were killed by ghost gear.B.Because they were suffocated by ghost gear.C.Because they don’t like eating plastic.D.Because they are not feeding properly.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.A report about the death of marine life.B.News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.rmation about ocean plastic.D.The reason for inventing a machine.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了世界首台海洋塑料清理机将启用,尝试处理太平洋塑料垃圾。
2019版高考英语培优增分一轮人教经典版培优讲义选修7 2Unit 2 Robots Word版含答案
话题素材——机器人[话题词汇]1.automatic adj. 自动的2.artificial adj. 人造的3.shape n. 形状4.function n. 功能5.update v t. 更新6.be used for被用来……e true 实现8.follow the fashion 追随时尚9.be in the lead 领先rmation products 信息产品11.in storage 储存12.scientific breakthrough 科学突破13.positive and negative aspects of robots 机器人的积极和消极方面14.intelligent terminal 智能终端15.a robot design competition 机器人设计大赛[经典佳句]1.As_is_known_to_all,_most mobile robots are still in_the_design stage.众所周知，大多数移动机器人仍处在设计阶段。
2.With the development of science, more and more people are confused that whether_it_is_good_or_bad_to_make_robots.随着科学的发展，越来越多的人怀疑制造机器人究竟是好还是坏。
3.Are robots going to take_the_place_of human beings？机器人将会代替人类吗？精美语篇With the development of science and technology, more and more intelligent robots are being used in industrial fields, taking the place of humans to do many dangerous tasks. Besides, with the price of robots going down, they have begun to enter families, helping people do some housework and even care for patients or read books for babies.All of these suggest that robots are playing a big part in our life. By using robots, people can save time to do what they like. Meanwhile, they reduce the rate of death and injury in dangerous work.But can people be out of work because of the existence of robots? Certainly not! However clever robots are, they are made by humans and whatever they do, they just follow the instructions given to them by humans. Therefore, robots will never completely replace humans.Let's enjoy the convenience brought by robots.◆高频单词1.desire (n.) 渴望；欲望；渴求(v t.) 希望得到；想要→desirable(adj.) 渴望得到的；值得拥有的2.satisfaction (n.) 满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfy (v t.)使满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory (adj.) 令人满意的→satisfied (adj.) 满意的3.alarm (v t.) 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 (n.) 警报；惊恐→alarmed (adj.) 担心的；害怕的4.sympathy (n.) 同情(心)→sympathetic (adj.) 同情的5.elegant (adj.) 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→elegance (n.) 优雅；高雅6.favour (n.) 喜爱；恩惠(v t.)喜爱；偏袒→favourable (adj.)赞成的；有利的→favourite (adj.) 最喜爱的7.accompany (v t.) 陪伴；伴奏→company (n.)陪伴；伴随；公司→companion (n.) 伙伴；伴侣；同伴8.affair (n.) 事务；事情；暧昧关系9.declare (v t.) 宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration (n.) 宣言；公布10.envy (v t.) 忌妒；羡慕→envious (adj.) 忌妒的；羡慕的11.affection (n.) 喜爱；爱；感情→affect (v t.) 影响；感动→effect (n.) 结果；作用；影响→effective (adj.) 有效果的12.imagination (n.) 想象(力)；创造力；幻想物→imagine (v.)想象→imaginary (adj.) 想象的→image (n.) 形象；图片13.junior (adj.) 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的 (n.)年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→senior (adj.)年长的；资历较老的；地位较高的；高级的 (n.)前辈；资历深者；年长者14.talent (n.) 天才；特殊能力；才干→talented (adj.)有才气的；有才能的15.divorce (n.) 离婚；断绝关系 (v t.)与……离婚；与……脱离→divorcee (n.) 离婚的人→divorced (adj.) 离婚的16.obey (v t. & v i.) 服从；顺从→disobey (v t. & v i.) 不服从；违抗17.assessment (n.) 评价；评定→assess (v t.) 估价；评定◆重点短语1.test_out 考验；试验2.or_rather更确切地说3.ring_up给……打电话4.turn_around转向；回转5.leave ... alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起6.prevent_sb._(from)_doing_sth.阻止某人做某事7.set ... aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)8.in all 一共；总计9.be bound to do 一定做……10.search for 寻找11.have a talent for ... 有……的天分12.have/feel sympathy for sb. 同情某人13.take sth. seriously 认真对待某事pare ... with 把……和……进行比较◆热点句型1.more ... than ... “与其(说)……倒不如(说)……”His name was Tony and he seemedmore_like_a_human_than_a_machine(与其说像一台机器，倒不如说更像人)．(教材P11)2.there be/seems/stands ... 倒装句As she turned around, there_stood (站在那儿) GladysClaffern.(教材P11)3.It is/was ... that/who ... 强调句结构It_was_then_that (就是在那个时候) Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.(教材P12)4.have sb./sth. doing “容忍/允许某人/某物做某事”But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines(不能让女人与机器相爱)．(教材P12)5.have sth. done “让……被做”Asimov began having_stories_published (发表小说) in science fiction magazines in 1939.(教材P16)◆同步训练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
高考语文新增分大一轮人教通用版精练：专题八+文言文阅读+限时综合训练一+Word版含解析 (1).docx
限时综合训练一(时间：40分钟分值：38分)一、阅读下面的文言文，完成文后题目。
(19分)》。
嗣世职为金马永，字天锡，迁安人。
生而魁岸，骁果有谋。
习兵法，好《左氏春秋．．．．吾左卫指挥使。
守备遵化，寇入马兰峪，参将陈乾被劾．，擢永代。
镇守蓟州。
尽汰诸营老弱，听其农贾，取佣直给健卒，由是永所将独雄于诸镇。
武宗至喜峰口，欲出塞，永叩马谏。
帝注视久之，笑而止。
中路擦崖当敌冲，无城堡，耕牧者辄被掠。
永令人持一月粮，营崖表，版筑其内。
城廨如期立，乃迁军守之。
录功，进署都督同知。
永上书为陆完请恤典，且乞宥议礼获罪诸臣。
帝大怒，夺永官。
巡按御史丘养浩言：“永仁以恤军廉以律己固边防却强敌军民安堵资彼长城闻永去遮道乞留且携子女欲遂逃移永徒感国士知，欲效区区之报。
祈曲赐优容，俾还镇。
”永竟废不用。
永杜门读书，清约如寒士。
久之，用荐佥书南京前府。
辽东兵变。
中官王永战败。
辽东自军变后，首恶虽诛，漏网者众。
悍卒无所惮，结党叫．．呼，动怀不逞。
广宁卒佟伏、张鉴等乘旱饥，倡众为乱，诸营军惮永无应者。
伏等登谯楼，鸣鼓大噪，永率家众仰攻。
千户张斌被杀，永战益力，尽歼之。
永畜士百余人，皆西北健儿，骁勇敢战。
辽东变初定，帝问将于李时。
时荐永，且曰：“其家众足用也。
”帝曰：“将须文武兼，宁专恃勇乎？”时曰：“辽土新定，须有威力者镇之。
”至是，竟得其力。
都御史王廷相言：“永善用兵，且廉洁，宜仍用之蓟镇，作京师藩屏。
”未及调，卒。
辽人为罢市。
丧过蓟州，州人亦洒泣。
两镇并立祠．。
永为将，厚抚间谍，得敌人情伪，故战辄胜。
雅知人，所拔卒校，后多至大帅。
尚书郑晓称永与梁震有古良将风。
(节选自《明史·马永传》，有删改) 1．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是(3分)()A．永仁以恤军/廉以律己/固边防/却强敌/军民安/堵资彼长城/闻永去遮道/乞留且携子女/欲遂逃移/B．永仁以恤军/廉以律己/固边防/却强敌/军民安堵/资彼长城/闻永去/遮道乞留/且携子女欲遂逃移/C．永仁以恤军/廉以律己/固边防/却强敌军民安堵资彼/长城闻永去/遮道乞留且携子女/欲遂逃移/D．永仁以恤军/廉以律己/固边防/却强敌/军民安堵资彼/长城闻永去/遮道乞留/且携子女欲遂逃移/答案 B解析首先联系上下文，明晓文段是写马永以仁义治理军队，巩固边防，深受边民爱戴。
2021版高考英语增分大一轮人教版精练：选修6 Unit 1 Art Word版含答案
选修6 Unit 1 ArtⅠ.阅读ATo personal trainer Sammy Callari,13-year-old Parker Seward is more than a client(客户).He’s his “little brother”.Over the past year,the pair have bonded.They play basketball together,share meals and dance to hip-hop like no one’s watching.The trainer was asked to work with the 13-year-old boy,who has Down syndrome(唐氏症),because his coworker who dealt with the boy was out of town last spring.Callari had never worked with someone with a disability before.He was anxious the first day he met Parker.But Parker’s big smile and cheery introduction immediately put him at ease.He reminded Callari of himself when he was a teenager.Like Parker,Callari has also faced his fair share of challenges over the years.As a high schooler,Callari described himself as being the weak kid.When it came to sports,he was always overlooked.His dream of playing baseball in college quickly faded away.When he went to college,Callari turned to a new sport.His younger brother trained him to become a boxer.Callari participated in five matches.Out of four of those fights he was the underdog,and he won three times.“I know how it feels,”Callari said.“Society tells you that you can’t do this,you can’t do that.” When it comes to Parker,Callari refuses to accept the word “can’t”.The friends meet twice a week to train.They bike,box,run and work on their core with push-ups.Parker has a short attention span,so it’s Callari’s job to keep him focused.“If Parker can do it,if he’s having fun,even with his frustration,then people will ask,‘Why can’t I do that?’” Callari said.“That’s the whole task right now.”Callari recalls Parker’s mom once thanking him for taking a “chance” on her son.Callari told her he never viewed it that way.Parker may be the student,but Callari says he’s also the one who’s learning.1.Why was Callari asked to train Parker?A.They shared the same interests.B.Parker’s parents had faith in Callari.C.Callari took place of his absent colleague.D.Callari was an expert in Down syndrome.2.What can we learn about Callari when he was in high school?A.He was good at sports.B.He was out of condition.C.He was looked down upon by everyone.D.He was influenced deeply by his brother.3.What attitude does Callari have to Parker?A.Grateful.B.Sympathetic.C.Cautious.D.Critical.4.What is the text mainly about?A.An inspiring story of a disabled boy.B.High schooler suffering lots of failure.C.The friendship between a disabled boy and his personal trainer.D.Ways of developing friendship with the boy with Down syndrome.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。
2019版高考英语培优增分一轮人教经典版特训必修4 4-4Unit 4 Body languagea Word版含解析
Ⅰ.完形填空For several years, we lived at the end of a long Texas country road. Every evening when I was away from home on business, my little boy would ask __1__ of his mother to take his black __2__ and his daddy's walking stick, to make the half-mile __3__ from the house to the fence which __4__ the beginning of the dirty driveway.One day, I was busy with my business and was __5__ for about an hour, completely forgetting about the __6__ little boy down the road who might be __7__ for his daddy.On my way home, the rain was so thick that I could not __8__ ten feet in front of me. All I could __9__ was finishing my journey and getting out of the rain. __10__， the downpour began to abate (减弱). It was only a drizzle (细雨) by the time my car turned the last __11__ and approached the final street between me and a warm home and nice meal.__12__， I caught sight of my little boy, who was __13__ an umbrella in one hand, a walking stick in the other, and was wearing the biggest and most beautiful smile ever to lighten the __14__ of a little boy.As I stopped the car and __15__ the door, he ran into my arms and held me long and hard. He was __16__ and trembling (颤抖) with cold, but he never __17__ the rain, nor the hour-long wait. He simply said，“Daddy, I missed you. I am so glad you are home.”Last year, we __18__ to a wonderful new home provided for a special season in our lives. We no longer have a long country road. __19__， I have never forgotten the rainy day and the little boy and his black dog. Often, perhaps a thousand times, that __20__ has appeared in my mind. Like all events in our lives, it happens once, and must be treasured.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的小儿子每天都在路口等作者回家，甚至在一个下着大雨的傍晚，孩子依然忠诚地等待在路口，那个场景让作者时常想起，一生珍惜。
2024新教材高考政治二轮专题复习专题一中国特色社会主义大题攻略增分突破01政治小论文试题
政治小论文试题[典例] [2024·山东高考]①当今世界正经验百年未有之大变局，给中国发展带来重要机遇和挑战。
下面是某班同学在探讨性学习活动中搜集的部分热点事务。
2024年7月中国自主研制建设的北斗三号全球卫星导航系统建成并开通②美国政府宣布退出世界卫生组织2024年8月美国政府宣布接着维持对100多种欧盟产品加征25%的关税③2024年11月第三届中国国际进口博览会在上海实行上海合作组织成员国元首理事会会议呼吁尽快通过《联合国全面反恐公约》中日韩澳新及东盟10国胜利签署区域全面经济伙伴关系协定(RCEP)2024年12月中国等70多个国家的领导人以视频方式参与气候雄心峰会结合材料，综合运用所学学问，围绕“中国以不变的开放姿态应对变局中的世界”主题撰写一篇短评。
(10分)要求：①围绕主题，观点明确；②论证充分，逻辑清楚；③学科术语运用规范；④总字数在250字左右。
[解题流程]信息点①：当今世界正经验百年……机[题型模板]政治小论文必需是政治性强、旗帜显明、短小精悍、结构完整、论点突出、劝服力强的小论文。
写政治小论文应从以下几个方面下手：(1)提出论点：这是小论文的“首”，一般为一段，20字左右即可。
针对详细的材料或命题，开宗明义，三言两语，干脆点明中心论题，揭示出本质性的问题。
(2)分析问题：这是小论文的“干”，围绕中心论点进行有理有据、深化本质的分析，要有自己的独特的见解。
(3)解决论题：这是小论文的“腹”，针对中心论题提出可行的方法，尽量能有所创新。
(4)联系实际：这是小论文的“尾”，是政治小论文不行缺少的部分。
总之，政治小论文的结尾要紧扣主题，联系实际，充溢感召力。
大题攻略·增分突破典例答案：当今世界正经验百年未有之大变局，世界局势日趋严峻。
美国设置贸易壁垒，实施技术封锁，诸多招式轮番上阵，在2024年7月，美国政府坚持“美国优先”原则，宣布退出世界卫生组织。
美国“退群”的行为，显示出美帝国主义的虚伪与自私。
2019版数学(理)培优增分一轮全国经典版培优讲义：第2章 第12讲定积分与微积分基本定理 含答案
第12讲定积分与微积分基本定理板块一知识梳理·自主学习［必备知识]考点1定积分的概念在错误!f(x）d x中，a,b分别叫做积分下限与积分上限，区间［a，b]叫做积分区间，f（x)叫做被积函数,x叫做积分变量,f（x）d x叫做被积式．考点2定积分的性质（1）错误!kf（x)d x＝k错误!f(x)d x（k为常数)．(2)错误![f1（x）±f2(x)]d x＝错误!f1（x）d x±错误!。
（3）错误!f（x）d x＝错误!f(x)d x＋错误!f(x)d x(其中a＜c＜b）．考点3微积分基本定理如果f(x）是区间[a，b]上的连续函数，并且F′(x）＝f（x），那么错误!f(x）d x＝F（b）－F(a)，这个结论叫做微积分基本定理，又叫做牛顿-莱布尼茨公式．为了方便，常把F(b)－F（a)记成F(x)｜错误!，即错误!f(x）d x＝F(x)|错误!＝F（b)－F(a)．［必会结论］1．定积分应用的常用结论当曲边梯形位于x轴上方时，定积分的值为正；当曲边梯形位于x轴下方时,定积分的值为负；当位于x轴上方的曲边梯形与位于x 轴下方的曲边梯形面积相等时，定积分的值为零．2．函数f (x ）在闭区间[－a ,a ］上连续，则有(1）若f (x ）为偶函数，则错误!f （x )d x ＝2错误!f （x )d x .(2）若f (x ）为奇函数，则⎠⎜⎛—aa f （x ）d x ＝0。
［考点自测]1．判断下列结论的正误．（正确的打“√"，错误的打“×”)（1）设函数y ＝f （x )在区间[a ，b ］上连续,则错误!f （x )d x ＝错误!f (t ）d t .（ )（2)若函数y ＝f (x ）在区间[a ，b ］上连续且恒正,则错误!f (x ）d x >0。
( )(3）若错误!f (x ）d x <0，那么由y ＝f （x ），x ＝a ，x ＝b 以及x 轴所围成的图形一定在x 轴下方．（ )（4）微积分基本定理中的F （x ）是唯一的．( ）(5)曲线y ＝x 2与y ＝x 所围成图形的面积是错误!（x 2－x )d x .（ ）答案 （1）√ (2）√ （3）× (4)× (5）×2．[课本改编］ 错误!(x －1)d x ＝（ )A ．2B ．－2 C.错误! D.错误!答案 B解析 错误! (x －1）d x ＝错误!|错误!＝错误!－错误!＝－2。
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增分题目组合练(一)解析一、名篇名句默写1.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
(1)白居易《琵琶行》中，在琵琶女演奏结束后，通过对江面上的环境描写，来衬托琵琶女演奏技艺高超的两句是：“______________，______________。
”(2)苏轼《赤壁赋》中，用“______________，______________”两句描写诗人任凭小船像一片苇叶般，越过那茫茫的江面。
(3)《白雪歌送武判官归京》中以春花喻冬雪的句子是“______________”；描写沙漠冰封景象的句子是“______________”。
答案(1)东船西舫悄无言唯见江心秋月白(2)纵一苇之所如凌万顷之茫然(3)千树万树梨花开瀚海阑干百丈冰解析本题考查默写常见的名句名篇的能力。
易错字：(1)唯；(2)顷；(3)瀚、阑。
二、语言文字运用2.在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。
每处不超过15个字。
霜，大多在晴天形成。
深秋的夜晚没有云彩，地面上如同掀开了被，散热颇多，__①__，水汽就会凝结形成细细的冰针，或是霜花。
霜非霜冻，见霜时的温度比较低，要是继续冷却，__②__，危害庄稼。
霜降时节，百花凋零，__③__，争奇斗艳，“撑住残秋是此花”。
漫步于菊花丛中，虽寒意盈怀，仍似融入一片春光烂漫里。
答：①________________________________________________________②_______________________________________________________③_______________________________________________________答案①如果温度骤然下降②便很容易导致霜冻③唯独菊花盛开解析解答此题时，注重把握语段的意思和横线前后的内容。
①处，前文写深秋的夜晚散热多，后文写水汽凝结成冰针或霜花。
由此推断此处要表述的是气温下降的问题；②处，前文先明确表示霜非霜冻，然后用“要是”假设如果下霜后温度继续降低，而后文直接写最终危害，由此推断此处应填温度继续降低的直接结果，即“很容易导致霜冻”；③处，前文写霜降危害，后文写争奇斗艳，漫步菊花丛中，由此推断此处应该写霜降时“唯独菊花盛开”等内容。
3.(山西大同2020届高三入学考试)阅读下面这段文字，用四字短语概括5G网络的特点，不超过20字。
在5G网络下，用户可以每秒钟下载一部高清电影，它的峰值下载速度可以达到20G/秒，未来我们只需要一个显示器就可以上网了。
随着技术的发展，5G可以为更多的应用提供网络。
5G网络可以用于无人驾驶、工业自动化等领域，这些领域要求在高速中保证及时的信息传递和及时反应，而5G网络能够达到1毫秒的时延，甚至更低，完全可以为高速运行提供支持。
5G网络可以让某些智能设备一周或者一个月进行一次充电，这将极大地提高我们的使用体验以及增加更多的设备到万物互联的大家庭。
答：_________________________________________________答案速度更快时延更低功耗更低4.(2019·陕西咸阳5月三模)下面是一种依靠互联网终端和物联网支持的智能垃圾分类回收机的使用流程图，请把这个流程图转写成一段文字介绍，要求内容完整，表述准确，语言连贯，不超过120个字。
答：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________答案市民点击回收机屏幕，从纸类、金属、塑料、玻璃、纺织物中选择可回收垃圾的类别，并投入相应的回收箱。
回收机经过称量或计数得出环保金额，市民可通过扫描二维码收款。
当回收箱集满后，系统平台会通知相关人员来清运。
解析考生解答本题时，要注意箭头分叉处所指示的信息。
中间实线箭头指示的内容是市民依靠智能垃圾分类回收机对垃圾进行分类投放，称量或计数并收取报酬的过程；虚线箭头指示的内容是回收箱装满以及被清运的过程。
这两个过程都要进行描述。
另外，因为智能垃圾分类回收机是“依靠互联网终端和物联网”实现工作的，所以中间“称量或计数”、计算“环保金额”、通知人员“清运”等环节是靠回收机和系统平台来完成的。
三、论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成5～7题。
中国文学悠久的传统中，一直隐隐相传着十分重要的江南意象。
持久、含蓄的相思，以及永续的乡愁，是江南不变的芬芳。
男女之思、友朋之念，以及到后来，以男女、友朋寄托家国君臣之思，相互重叠着，涵化着，渐成江南意象的深层含义。
因此，江南意象是江南认同的一个重要的部分，含蓄而动人地揭示了江南认同的底蕴：家国之爱。
江南意识其实并不是产生于江南本身，而是产生于北方中原文化南移的过程中：江南意识的产生过程，首先是南方认同北方、学习北方的过程。
中国最早的地域认同是中原认同。
《尚书·梓材》：“皇天既付中国民，越厥疆土，于先王肆。
”“中国”即中原，这是最早的中原意识自觉。
由政治认同再进一步即为文化认同。
诗经学中的雅音，即华夏中原之正声，就是最早的中原意识表现之一。
秦汉一统天下，更加强了中原意识，而且由于大汉帝国的空前强大，高度形塑了中国人的中原正统意识：这时还几乎谈不上什么江南文化与江南意识。
一直到三国时代，江南地域才正式登上了历史的舞台。
到了东晋，政治中心南移，大批士人南渡，政治合法性的权威在江南地域渐趋稳固。
但彼时江南心灵是崇尚北方中原文化的，几乎完全没有自己文化的自觉。
陈寅恪认为当时北朝汉人有“认庙不认神”的正统观念：洛阳为东汉、魏、晋故都，谁能定鼎嵩洛，谁便是文化正统的所在。
其实南朝人也如此。
偏安江南的士大夫也大多以恢复中原为志，从南朝大量涉及北伐的诗歌来看，表面上他们似乎是文化的正统，其实他们是被赶出了家园的异乡人，他们的文化与政治认同，端在中原。
从中国历史的大趋势上来看，淝水之战是江南意识产生的一大关键。
江南文化中心与文化认同的产生，实为北方政治军事压力不断侵迫的历史过程。
东晋淝水之战大败苻坚，实为中国南方争取到了极为宝贵的战略时间。
北方中原文化的南移，得以从容浸润于南方文化土壤中，从而使新文化的成果生根开花。
所谓江南文化，实际上分为两个部分。
一是北来的，发源于洛阳而以侨民为代表，是被带到江南的文化，也是中原移民文化。
如谢道韫祖籍河南，是谢家的第三代侨民，她的作品自然归在南方文学里，但她继承的其实是在北方就已形成的强大的家族文学传统。
二是南方人向由政治中心迁来的大批北方人学习的结果，几代以后便渐渐置换成江南意识。
两部分之间形成一种奇妙的张力：一方面是在地的、生根的、非异己的，另一方面又是有本的、深厚的、高级的。
前者使文化免除了排他性，后者使文化具有了优越性。
文化认同的同时，可以并行不悖地存在着强势的政治认同。
江南士人一方面高度欣赏与玩味文采、文章等新的创意；另一方面，也不放弃内心深处的大汉情结，即对于中原故土或隐或显的深深怀想。
江南认同是一种文化趣味、时代新潮，是对文明新意的认同；而大汉情结则是乡关之思、家国之痛，是对生命之根的认同。
一方面崇尚新潮文化，一方面不忘本土故乡，正是矛盾身份的自我正当化。
因而，江南认同虽强调突出的是文化，却必然具有文化的政治性，具有精神形态的话语权。
(摘编自胡晓明《“江南”再发现——略论中国历史与文学中的“江南认同”》)5.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是( )A.江南认同是中国文学悠久的传统中历代相传的一个十分重要的组成部分，它的底蕴实质是家国之爱。
B.中原认同和江南认同同属地域认同，产生时间虽有先后，却一样都包括政治认同和文化认同C.中国人的中原正统意识在汉朝时达到顶峰，直到三国时代，江南地域才正式登上历史舞台，有了江南意识。
D.在中国南方，随着北方中原文化的南移，中国早期的中原认同也逐渐转化为江南认同，为后来的江南意识所替换。
答案B解析A项，根据原文第一段“中国文学……十分重要的江南意象”，可知选项混淆了“江南认同”和“江南意象”这两个概念。
C项，“中国人的中原正统意识在汉朝时达到顶峰”无中生有。
原文第三段只是说“由于大汉帝国的空前强大，高度形塑了中国人的中原正统意识”，“有了江南意识”说法错误，原文第二段说“江南意识其实……南移的过程中”，原文第四段说“淝水之战是江南意识产生的一大关键”，可知江南意识的产生是一个渐进的过程，文中并未明确提及产生时间。
D项，“转化为”“为后来的江南意识所替换”错，根据原文第六段内容，可知江南认同和大汉情结(对中原故土的怀想)是并行不悖的。
6.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是( )A.文章从内涵、产生、特征等角度对江南认同进行了细致的分析，层次清晰，说理透彻。
B.文章先指出江南认同的底蕴是家国之爱，随后按时间顺序明确了这种意识产生的历史过程。
C.作者举谢道韫的例子，是为了证明中原文化浸润于南方文化土壤中，并最终生根开花的事实。
D.文章先从政治和文化两方面介绍中原意识，故后文分析江南意识兼有文化、政治特性便其来有自，合情合理。
答案C解析“是为了证明中原文化浸润于南方文化土壤中，并最终生根开花的事实”错，根据第五段内容可知，证明的是江南文化的一部分是中原移民文化。
7.根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是( )A.最初偏安江南的士大夫多以恢复中原为志，说明他们崇尚的是北方中原文化，江南还少有自己文化的自觉。
B.面对北方政治军事压力的不断侵迫，东晋在淝水之战中大败苻坚给江南带来了自信，推动了江南意识的产生。
C.南方人长期向南迁的北方人进行文化学习，逐渐生成了江南意识，使得江南文化免除了排他性。
D.流亡江南的士人身上，崇尚新潮文化和不忘本土故乡并行不悖，两者同存一体，这是他们矛盾身份的自我正当化。
答案B解析“东晋在淝水之战中大败苻坚给江南带来了自信”错，根据第四段“东晋淝水之战大败苻坚，实为中国南方争取到了极为宝贵的战略时间”可知，淝水之战带来的不是自信，而是战略时间。
四、多则材料作文审题立意8.(2019·成都一诊)阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。
金瓯已缺总须补，为国牺牲敢惜身。
——秋瑾《鹧鸪天·祖国沉沦感不禁》我毕生的追求就是让所有人远离饥饿。
——袁隆平不需要轰轰烈烈，也不需要大起大伏，只要身边最亲近的人每天都开心，健康快乐。
——青年演员罗海琼要求：围绕材料内容及含意，选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭，不得少于800字。