Pickwick Papers(匹克威克外传)英文版(可编辑)
狄更斯《匹克威克外传》主要内容概要及赏析

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PickwickPapers(匹克威克外传)英文版(可编辑)

Pickwick Papers(匹克威克外传)英文版ELECBOOK CLASSICSTHEPICKWICKPAPERSCharles DickensELECBOOK CLASSICSebc0013. Charles Dickens: The Pickwick PapersThis file is free for individual use only. It must not be altered or resold.Organisations wishing to use it must first obtain a licence.Low cost licenses are available. Contact us through our web site The Electric Book Co 1998The Electric Book Company Ltd20 Cambridge Drive, London SE12 8AJ, UK+44 0181 488 3872 //.THE PICKWICKPAPERSCharles DickensThe Posthumous PapersOf The Pickwick ClubThe Pickwick Papers 4CONTENTSClick on number to go to ChapterChapter ITHE PICKWICKIANS..14Chapter IITHE FIRST DAY’S JOURNEY, AND THE FIRST EVENING’S ADVENTURES; WITH THEIR CONSEQUENCES..21Chapter IIIA NEW ACQUAINTANCE?THE STROLLER’S TALE?A DISAGREEABLE INTERRUPTION, AND AN UNPLEASANT ENCOUNTER.58Chapter IVA FIELD DAY AND BIVOUAC?MORE NEW FRIENDS?AN INVITATION TO THE COUNTRY.74Chapter VA SHORT ONE?SHOWING, AMONG OTHER MATTERS, HOW Mr. PICKWICK UNDERTOOK TO DRIVE, AND Mr. WINKLE TO RIDE, AND HOW THEY BOTH DID IT.91Chapter VIAN OLD-FASHIONED CARD-PARTY? THE CLERGYMAN’S VERSES?THE STORY OFTHE CONVICT’S RETURN..105Chapter VIIHOW Mr. WINKLE, INSTEAD OF SHOOTING AT THE PIGEON AND KILLING THE CROW, SHOT AT THE CROW AND WOUNDED THEPIGEON; HOW THE DINGLEY DELL CRICKETCLUB PLAYED ALL-MUGGLETON, AND HOW ALL-MUGGLETON DINED AT THE DINGLEY DELLCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 5 EXPENSE; WITH OTHER INTERESTING ANDINSTRUCTIVE MATTERS126Chapter VIIISTRONGLY ILLUSTRATIVE OF THEPOSITION, THAT THE COURSE OF TRUE LOVE ISNOT A RAILWAY.146Chapter IXA DISCOVERY AND A CHASE..164Chapter XCLEARING UP ALL DOUBTS IF ANYEXISTED OF THE DISINTERESTEDNESS OF Mr.JINGLE’S CHARACTER.177Chapter XIINVOLVING ANOTHER JOURNEY,AND AN ANTIQUARIAN DISCOVERY; RECORDINGMr. PICKWICK’S DETERMINATION TO BEPRESENT AT AN ELECTION; AND CONTAINING A MANUSCRIPT OF THE OLD CLERGYMAN’S.196Chapter XIIDESCRIPTIVE OF A VERYIMPORTANT PROCEEDING ON THE PART OF Mr.PICKWICK; NO LESS AN EPOCH IN HIS LIFE,THAN IN THIS HISTORY.221Chapter XIIISOME ACCOUNT OF EATANSWILL;OF THE STATE OF PARTIES THEREIN; AND OFTHE ELECTION OF A MEMBER TO SERVE INPARLIAMENT FOR THAT ANCIENT, LOYAL, ANDPATRIOTIC BOROUGH.230Chapter XIVCOMPRISING A BRIEFDESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY AT THEPEACOCK ASSEMBLED; AND A TALE TOLD BY ABAGMAN.255Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 6 Chapter XVIN WHICH IS GIVEN A FAITHFULPORTRAITURE OF TWO DISTINGUISHEDPERSONS; AND AN ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OFA PUBLIC BREAKFAST IN THEIR HOUSE ANDGROUNDS: WHICH PUBLIC BREAKFAST LEADSTO THE RECOGNITION OF AN OLDACQUAINTANCE, AND THE COMMENCEMENT OFANOTHER CHAPTER..279Chapter XVITOO FULL OF ADVENTURE TO BEBRIEFLY DESCRIBED299Chapter XVIISHOWING THAT AN ATTACK OF RHEUMATISM, IN SOME CASES, ACTS AS AQUICKENER TO INVENTIVE GENIUS.325Chapter XVIIIBRIEFLY ILLUSTRATIVE OF TWOPOINTS; FIRST, THE POWER OF HYSTERICS,AND, SECONDLY, THE FORCE OFCIRCUMSTANCEs..337Chapter XIXA PLEASANT DAY WITH ANUNPLEASANT TERMINATION..352Chapter XXSHOWING HOW DODSON AND FOGGWERE MEN OF BUSINESS, AND THEIR CLERKSMEN OF PLEASURE; AND HOW AN AFFECTINGINTERVIEW TOOK PLACE BETWEEN Mr. WELLERAND HIS LONG-LOST PARENT; SHOWING ALSOWHAT CHOICE SPIRITS ASSEMBLED AT THEMAGPIE AND STUMP, AND WHAT A CAPITALCHAPTER THE NEXT ONE WILL BE372Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 7 Chapter XXIIN WHICH THE OLD MANLAUNCHES FORTH INTO HIS FAVOURITETHEME, AND RELATES A STORY ABOUT AQUEER CLIENT395Chapter XXIIMr. PICKWICK JOURNEYS TOIPSWICH AND MEETS WITH A ROMANTICADVENTURE WITH A MIDDLE-AGED LADY INYELLOW CURL-PAPERS419Chapter XXIIIIN WHICH Mr. SAMUEL WELLERBEGINS TO DEVOTE HIS ENERGIES TO THERETURN MATCH BETWEEN HIMSELF AND Mr.TROTTER..441Chapter XXIVWHEREIN Mr. PETER MAGNUSGROWS JEALOUS, AND THE MIDDLE-AGED LADY APPREHENSIVE, WHICH BRINGS THEPICKWICKIANS WITHIN THE GRASP OF THELAW.453Chapter XXVSHOWING, AMONG A VARIETY OFPLEASANT MATTERS, HOW MAJESTIC ANDIMPARTIAL Mr. NUPKINS WAS; AND HOW Mr.WELLE R RETURNED Mr. JOB TROTTER’SSHUTTLECOCK AS HEAVILY AS IT CAME?WITHANOTHER MATTER, WHICH WILL BE FOUND INITS PLACE475Chapter XXVIWHICH CONTAINS A BRIEFACCOUNT OF THE PROGRESS OF THE ACTIONOF BARDELL AGAINST PICKWICK..501Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 8Chapter XXVIISAMUEL WELLER MAKES APILGRIMAGE TO DORKING, AND BEHOLDS HISMOTHER-IN-LAW..510Chapter XXVIIIA GOOD-HUMOUREDCHRISTMAS CHAPTER, CONTAINING ANACCOUNT OF A WEDDING, AND SOME OTHERSPORTS BESIDE: WHICH ALTHOUGH IN THEIRWAY, EVEN AS GOOD CUSTOMS AS MARRIAGEITSELF, ARE NOT QUITE SO RELIGIOUSLY KEPTUP, IN THESE DEGENERATE TIMES..524Chapter XXIXTHE STORY OF THE GOBLINSWHO STOLE A SEXTON.554Chapter XXXHOW THE PICKWICKIANS MADEAND CULTIVATED THE ACQUAINTANCE OF ACOUPLE OF NICE YOUNG MEN BELONGING TOONE OF THE LIBERAL PROFESSIONS; HOW THEYDISPORTED THEMSELVES ON THE ICE; ANDHOW THEIR VISIT CAME TO A CONCLUSION568Chapter XXXI. WHICH IS ALL ABOUT THE LAW,AND SUNDRY GREAT AUTHORITIES LEARNEDTHEREIN584Chapter XXXIIDESCRIBES, FAR MORE FULLYTHAN THE COURT NEWSMAN EVER DID, ABACHELOR’S PARTY, GIVEN BY Mr. BOB SAWYERAT HIS LODGINGS IN THE BOROUGH..606Chapter XXXIII. Mr. WELLER THE ELDERDELIVERS SOME CRITICAL SENTIMENTSCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 9RESPECTING LITERARY COMPOSITION; AND,ASSISTED BY HIS SON SAMUEL, PAYS A SMALLINSTALMENT OF RETALIATION TO THEACCOUNT OF THE REVEREND GENTLEMANWITH THE RED NOSE625Chapter XXXIVIS WHOLLY DEVOTED TO AFULL AND FAITHFUL REPORT OF THEMEMORABLE TRIAL OF BARDELL AGAINSTPICKWICK.648Chapter XXXVIN WHICH Mr. PICKWICK THINKSHE HAD BETTER GO TO BATH; AND GOESACCORDINGLY.682Chapter XXXVITHE CHIEF FEATURES OFWHICH WILL BE FOUND TO BE AN AUTHENTICVERSION OF THE LEGEND OF PRINCE BLADUD,AND A MOST EXTRAORDINARY CALAMITY THATBEFELL Mr. WINKLE.704Chapter XXXVIIHONOURABLY ACCOUNTS FORMr. WELLER’S ABSENCE, BY DESCRIBING ASOIREE TO WHICH HE WAS INVITED AND WENT;ALSO RELATES HOW HE WAS ENTRUSTED BYMr. PICKWICK WITH A PRIVATE MISSION OFDELICACY AND IMPORTANCE.720Chapter XXXVIII. HOW Mr. WINKLE, WHEN HE STEPPED OUT OF THE FRYING-PAN, WALKEDGENTLY AND COMFORTABLY INTO THE FIRE739Chapter XXXIXMr. SAMUEL WELLER, BEINGCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 10 INTRUSTED WITH A MISSION OF LOVE,PROCEEDS TO EXECUTE IT; WITH WHATSUCCESS WILL HEREINAFTER APPEAR758Chapter XLINTRODUCES Mr. PICKWICK TO ANEW AND NOT UNINTERESTING SCENE IN THEGREAT DRAMA OF LIFE..779Chapter XLIWHAT BEFELL Mr. PICKWICKWHEN HE GOT INTO THE FLEET; WHATPRISONERS HE SAW THERE, AND HOW HEPASSED THE NIGHT..797Chapter XLIIILLUSTRATIVE, LIKE THEPRECEDING ONE, OF THE OLD PROVERB, THATADVERSITY BRINGS A MAN ACQUAINTED WITHSTRANGE BEDFELLOWS?LIKEWISECONTAINING Mr. PICKWICK’S EXTRAORDINARYAND STARTLING ANNOUNCEMENT TO Mr.SAMUEL WELLER.815Chapter XLIIISHOWING HOW Mr. SAMUELWELLER GOT INTO DIFFICULTIES.836Chapter XLIVTREATS OF DIVERS LITTLEMATTERS WHICH OCCURRED IN THE FLEET,AND OF Mr. WINKLE’S MYSTERIOUSBEHAVIOUR; AND SHOWS HOW THE POORCHANCERY PRISONER OBTAINED HIS RELEASEAT LAST..855Chapter XLV. DESCRIPTIVE OF AN AFFECTING INTERVIEW BETWEEN Mr. SAMUEL WELLERCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 11 AND A FAMILY PARTY. Mr. PICKWICK MAKES ATOUR OF THE DIMINUTIVE WORLD HEINHABITS, AND RESOLVES TO MIX WITH IT, INFUTURE, AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE..874Chapter XLVIRECORDS A TOUCHING ACT OFDELICATE FEELING, NOT UNMIXED WITHPLEASANTRY, ACHIEVED AND PERFORMED BYMessrs. DODSON AND FOGG897Chapter XLVIIIS CHIEFLY DEVOTED TOMATTERS OF BUSINESS, AND THE TEMPORALADVANTAGE OF DODSON AND FOGG?Mr.WINKLE REAPPEARS UNDER EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES?Mr. PICKWICK’SBENEVOLENCE PROVES STRONGER THAN HISOBSTINACY.911Chapter XLVIIIRELATES HOW Mr. PICKWICK,WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF SAMUEL WELLER,ESSAYED TO SOFTEN THE HEART OF Mr.BENJAMIN ALLEN, AND TO MOLLIFY THEWRATH OF Mr. ROBERT SAWYER.928Chapter XLIXCONTAINING THE STORY OF THEBAGMAN’S UNCLE946Chapter LHOW Mr. PICKWICK SPED UPON HISMISSION, AND HOW HE WAS REINFORCED INTHE OUTSET BY A MOST UNEXPECTEDAUXILIARY..970Chapter LIIN WHICH Mr. PICKWICKCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 12ENCOUNTERS AN OLD ACQUAINTANCE?TOWHICH FORTUNATE CIRCUMSTANCE THE READER IS MAINLY INDEBTED FOR MATTER OF THRILLING INTEREST HEREIN SET DOWN, CONCERNING TWO GREAT PUBLIC MEN OF MIGHT AND POWER991Chapter LIIINVOLVING A SERIOUS CHANGE IN THE WELLER FAMILY, AND THE UNTIMELY DOWNFALL OF Mr. STIGGINS.1012Chapter LIIICOMPRISING THE FINAL EXIT OF Mr. JINGLE AND JOB TROTTER, WITH A GREAT MORNING OF BUSINESS IN GRAY’S INN SQUARE?CONCLUDING WITH A DOUBLEKNOCK AT Mr. PERKER’S DOOR..1029Chapter LIVCONTAINING SOME PARTICULARS RELATIVE TO THE DOUBLE KNOCK, AND OTHER MATTERS: AMONG WHICH CERTAIN INTERESTING DISCLOSURES RELATIVE TO Mr. SNODGRASS AND A YOUNG LADY ARE BY NO MEANS IRRELEVANT TO THIS HISTORY1047 Chapter LVMr. SOLOMON PELL, ASSISTED BY A SELECT COMMITTEE OF COACHMEN, ARRANGESTHE AFFAIRS OF THE ELDER Mr. WELLER..1069Chapter LVI. AN IMPORTANT CONFERENCETAKES PLACE BETWEEN Mr. PICKWICK ANDSAMUEL WELLER, AT WHICH HIS PARENTASSISTS?AN OLD GENTLEMAN IN A SNUFF-COLOURED SUIT ARRIVES UNEXPECTEDLY.1086Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 13Chapter LVIIIN WHICH THE PICKWICK CLUB ISFINALLY DISSOLVED, AND EVERYTHINGCONCLUDED TO THE SATISFACTION OFEVERYBODY1103Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 14Chapter ITHE PICKWICKIANShe first ray of light which illumines the gloom, andconverts into a dazzling brilliancy that obscurity in whichTthe earlier history of the public career of the immortalPickwick would appear to be involved, is derived from the perusal of the following entry in the Transactions of the Pickwick Club, which the editor of these papers feels the highest pleasure inlaying before his readers, as a proof of the careful attention,indefatigable assiduity, and nice discrimination, with which his search among the multifarious documents confided to him hasbeen conducted.‘May 12, 1827. Joseph Smiggers, Esq., P.V.P.M.P.C. [Perpetual Vice-President?Member Pickwick Club], presiding. The following resolutions unanimously agreed to:?‘That this Association has heard read, with feelings of unmingled satisfaction, and unqualified approval, the paper communicated by Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C. [General Chairman?Member Pickwick Cl ub], entitled “Speculations on the Source of the Hampstead Ponds, with some Observations on the Theory of Tittlebats;” and that this Association does hereby return its warmest thanks to the said Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., for the same.‘That while this Association is deeply sensible of the advantages which must accrue to the cause of science, from the production to which they have just adverted?no less than from the unwearied Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 15 researches of Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., in Hornsey, Highgate, Brixton, and Camberwell?they cannot but entertain a lively sense of the inestimable benefits which must inevitably result from carrying the speculations of that learned man into awider field, from extending his travels, and, consequently, enlarging his sphere of observation, to the advancement of knowledge, and the diffusion of learning.‘That, with the view just mentioned, this Association has taken into its serious consideration a proposal, emanating from the aforesaid, Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., and three other Pickwickians hereinafter named, for forming a new branch of United Pickwickians, under the title of The Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club.‘That the said proposal has received the sanction and approvalof this Association. ‘That the Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club is therefore hereby constituted; and that Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., Tracy Tupman, Esq., M.P.C.,Augustus Snodgrass, Esq., M.P.C., and Nathaniel Winkle, Esq.,M.P.C., are hereby nominated and appointed members of thesame; and that they be requested to forward, from time to time, authenticated accounts of their journeys and investigations, of their observations of character and manners, and of the whole of their adventures, together with all tales and papers to which local scenery or associations may give rise, to the Pickwick Club, stationed in London.‘That this Association cordially recognises the principle of everymember of the Corresponding Society defraying his own travelling expenses; and that it sees no objection whatever to the members of the said society pursuing their inquiries for any length of time they Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 16please, upon the same terms.‘That the members of the aforesaid Corresponding Society be,and are hereby informed, that their proposal to pay the postage of their letters, and the carriage of their parcels, has been deliberated upon by this Association: that this Association considers such proposal worthy of the great minds from which it emanated, and that it hereby signifies its perfect acquiescence therein.’A casual observer, adds the secretary, to whose notes we are indebted for the following account?a casual observer might possibly have remarked nothing extraordinary in the bald head, and circular spectacles, which were intently turned towards his the secretary’s face, during the reading of the above resolutions: to those who knew that the gigantic brain of Pickwick wasworking beneath that forehead, and that the beaming eyes of Pickwick were twinkling behind those glasses, the sight was indeed an interesting one. There sat the man who had traced to their source the mighty ponds of Hampstead, and agitated the scientific world with his Theory of Tittlebats, as calm andunmoved as the deep waters of the one on a frosty day, or as asolitary specimen of the other in the inmost recesses of an earthen jar. And how much more interesting did the spectacle become,when, starting into full life and animation, as a simultaneous call for ‘Pickwick’ burst from his followers, that illustrious man slowlymounted into the Windsor chair, on which he had been previously seated, and addressed the club himself had founded. What a study for an artist did that exciting scene present! The eloquentPickwick, with one hand gracefully concealed behind his coat tails, and the other waving in air to assist his glowing declamation; his elevated position revealing those tights and gaiters, which, had Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 17they clothed an ordinary man, might have passed withoutobservation, but which, when Pickwick clothed them?if we mayuse the expression?inspired involuntary awe and respect;surrounded by the men who had volunteered to share the perils of his travels, and who were destined to participate in the glories of his discoveries. On his right sat Mr. Tracy Tupman?the toosusceptible Tupman, who to the wisdom and experience ofmaturer years superadded the enthusiasm and ardour of a boy inthe most interesting and pardonable of human weaknesses?love.Time and feeding had expanded that once romantic form; theblack silk waistcoat had become more and more developed; inchby inch had the gold watch-chain beneath it disappeared from within the range of Tupman’s vision; and gradually had the capacious chin encroached upon the borders of the white cravat: but the soul of Tupman had known no change?admiration of thefair sex was still its ruling passion. On the left of his great leader sat the poetic Snodgrass, and near him again the sporting Winkle; the former poetically enveloped in a mysterious blue cloak with a canine-skin collar, and the latter communicating additional lustre to a new green shooting-coat, plaid neckerchief, and closely-fitted drabs.Mr. Pickwick’s oration upon this occasion, together with the debate thereon, is entered on the Transactions of the Club. Both bear a strong affinity to the discussions of other celebrated bodies; and, as it is always interesting to trace a resemblance between the proceedings of great men, we transfer the entry to these pages.‘Mr. Pickwick observed says the secretary that fame was dearto the heart of every man. Poetic fame was dear to the heart of his friend Snodgrass; the fame of conquest was equally dear to his Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 18friend Tupman; and the desire of earning fame in the sports of thefield, the air, and the water was uppermost in the breast of his friend Winkle. He Mr. Pickwick would not deny that he wasinfluenced by human passions and human feelings cheers?possibly by human weaknesses loud cries of “No”; but this hewould say, that if ever the fire of self-importance broke out in his bosom, the desire to benefit the human race in preferenceeffectually quenched it. The praise of mankind was his swing;philanthropy was his insurance office. Vehement cheering. Hehad felt some pride?he acknowledged it freely, and let hisenemies make the most of it?he had felt some pride when hepresented his Tittlebatian Theory to the world; it might becelebrated or it might not. A cry of “It is,” and great cheering. Hewould take the assertion of that honourable Pickwickian whosevoice he had just heard?it was celebrated; but if the fame of that treatise were to extend to the farthest confines of the knownworld, the pride with which he should reflect on the authorship of that production would be as nothing compared with the pride with which he looked around him, on this, the proudest moment of his existen ce. Cheers. He was a humble individual. “No, no.” Still he could not but feel that they had selected him for a service of great honour, and of some danger. Travelling was in a troubledstate, and the minds of coachmen were unsettled. Let them lookabroad and contemplate the scenes which were enacting aroundthem. Stage-coaches were upsetting in all directions, horses。
维多利亚时代简介(权威英文版)

4. often have happy ending or an important compromise to current society 5. So far as the literary form or genre is concerned, the major contribution made by the 19th century critical realists lies in their perfection of the novel.
George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) • Silas Marner • Middlemarch
Emily Bronte Charlotte Bronte
Thomas Hardy
Victorian Poetry
Always seems inferior when compared to Romanticism Develop new ways to tell stories—e.g. dramatic monologue Do not share Romantics’ confidence in the imagination Emphasis on visual imagery and sound
Critical Realism
A realistic presentation of the sufferings of the working class, to the criticism of English institutions, and to the education of the masses.
英国文学 PART 6

英国文学PART61.Critical Realism(批判现实主义):Critical Realism is a term applied to the realistic fiction in the late19th and early20th centuries.It means the tendency of writers and intellectuals in the period between1875and1920to apply the methods of realistic fiction or the criticism of society and the examination of social issues.Realistic writers were all concerned about the fate of the common people and described what was faithful to reality.The critical realists, however,did not find a way to eradicate the social evils they know so well.They did not realize the necessity of changing the bourgeois society through conscious human effort. Their words do not point toward revolution but rather evolution or reforming.They often start with a powerful exposure of the ugliness of the bourgeois world in their works,but their novels usually have happy ending or an important compromise at the end.2.Gothic Novel(哥特式小说):Gothic Novel is a type of romance very popular late in the18th century and at the beginning of the19th century.Gothic Novel emphasizes things which are grotesque,violent,mysterious,supernatural,desolate and horrifying.Gothic,originally in the sense of“medieval,not classical”.with its description of the dark,irrational side of human nature,Gothic Novel has exerted a great influence over the writers of the Romantic period.3.The People Charter(人民宪章):In the Charterist Movement,the leaders drafted out their own creeds in1837in which the workers formulated their political demands.In February the London Workingman’s Association drew up a petition to Parliament,in which were put forward this six points.These six points were later called“The People’s Charter”.作家作品1.Austen.Jane简.奥斯丁She was a woman novelist of the18th-century,though she lived mainly in the19th century for her works show clearly her firm brief in the predominance of reason over passion,the sense of responsibility,good manners and clear-sighted judgment over the Romantic tendencies of emotion and individuality.Pride and PrejudicePride and Prejudice,which was originally drafted as First Impressions,mainly tells of the love story between a rich,proud young man Darcy and the beautiful and intelligent Elizabeth Bennet.In this novel,Darcy stands for Pride and Elizabeth represents Prejudice.In the endfalse pride is humbled and prejudice dissolved.2.Charlotte.Bronte夏洛蒂.勃朗特She is one of the three Bronte sisters.Her works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards self-realization,about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love,understanding and a full happy life.All her heroines’highest joy arises from some sacrifice of self or some human weakness overcome.Charlotte’s four novels are,to different agrees,based on her own experience and feelings and the life around her.Firstly,she exposes the cruelty,hypocrisy,inequality and other evils of the upper classes and on the other hand,she shows the misery and suffering of the poor and thus presents a vivid realistic picture of the English society.Secondly,she mainly writes from an individual perspective and puts her own feelings into her main characters.Thus she is a subjective writer,tending to write about themselves and to recreate a world of their life and experience. Thirdly,there is an intense love for the beauty of nature and she has an obvious contempt for worldly ambition and success for she believes only in hard-work,self-discipline and high intelligence.In Charlotte’s wors,it is easy to find that her writing is marked by an intensity of a volcanic imagination and fiery passions.Jane Eyre简.爱Jane Eyre is Charlotte’s masterpiece,and also one of the most popular and important novels for the Victorian Age.It is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society,e.g.the religious hypocrisy of charity institutions such as Lowood School.It traces the passionate love between Jane Eyre and Rochester.The success of the novel is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governess heroine,Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre is an orphan child with a fiery spirit and a longing to love and be loved,a poor,plain,little governess who dares to love her master,a man superior to her in many ways,and even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him.In the novel Charlotte shapes a completely new woman image,a woman with the spirit of independence and self-dignity. The novel is a song of women’s struggle for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.Charlotte gives us realistic pictures of the social life of the19th century in her novels.Its social criticism is vividly depicted and sharply presented.As the first manifestation of theawakening of the exploited and maltreated woman,the book is perceived as a representative work of feminist writings,i.e,works reflecting the experience and defending the interest of the weaker sex.2.Emily.Bronte艾米丽.勃朗特Emily.Bronte,a poet and novelist,profoundly metaphysical and original,mainly on the subjects of courage,compassion,and the mysterious workings of the cosmos.She is viewed as the most gifted of the three sisters.Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄Wuthering Heights is a morbid love story between Catherine and Heathcliff.It is also the story between two families.Wuthering is York shire dialect for“weathering”.The novel is a bitter attack on the bourgeois marriage system under which the pure love between the hero and herine is destroyed by class prejudice funded on wealth.4.Charles.Dickens查尔斯.狄更斯He is one of the greatest critical realistic writers of the Victorian Age.His works are intended to expose and criticize all the poverty,injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness of the19th century England,particularly London.The greatness of Dickens is of peculiar kind.He is on the one hand a great entertainer and a great artist on the other.He had the ability to sustain interest through all kinds of literary devices,such as suspension,coincidence,dramatic dialogues and melodrama,etc.Dickens is a great humorist and satirist and his novels are characterized by a mingling of humor and pathos.Oliver Twist雾都孤儿Oliver Twist criticizes the dehumanizing workhouse system and the dark,criminal underworld life.This novel is a powerful exposure of the bourgeois and a fierce attack on the social evils.However,while sympathizing with the miseries of the people,Dickens did not know what r who was responsible for such miseries and even cherished illusion about the rich,idle and benevolent people.David CopperfieldDavid Copperfield is about the debtor’s prison.In writing this novel,Dickens threw into it deep feelings and much of his own experience in his young days.Written at a time when Dickens’creative powers reached their height,the critical reputation is very high.Thereaders can see Dickens’democrative viewpoint in this novel.It is the low petty-bourgeois and proletarian characters who win the love and sympathy of the reader.The main impression of the book is one of good humor,tolerance and fun and the world now is still full of hope and sunshine.Great ExpectationsIt is a satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher society.It exposes the overwhelming social environment which brings moral degeneration and destruction to people.Hard TimesHard Times lashes the Utilitarian principle that rules over the English education system and destroys young hearts and minds.Bleak HouseBleak House attacks the legal system and practices that aim at devouring every penny of the clients.Dombey and SonDombey and Son exposes the money-worship that dominates people’s life,corrupts the young and brings tragedy to Mr.Dombey’s family.The Pickwick Papers匹克威克外传The Pickwick Papers provides a panoramic view of the English society and affords the reader a whole gallery of vivid portraits of the petty-bourgeoisie.Though here the author attacks the ugly side of the political system of the time with formless plot,it is full of the gaiety and happy laughter of a youth.狄更斯的文学生涯第一时期(1836-1841)主基调是欢乐玩笑甚至是文学闹剧的倾向与感伤交替出现。
英文著作

The Circus Boys On The Flying Rings(飞指环上的马戏团男孩)The Circus Boys Across The Continent(穿越大陆的马戏团男孩)The Circus Boys in Dixie Land(迪克西的马戏团男孩)The Circus Boys On The Mississippi(密西西比河上的马戏团男孩)The Argonautica(阿尔戈)One Basket(一个篮子)The Raven(乌鸦)How to Live on 24 Hours a Day(一天24小时如何过活)Tom Swift And His Electric Locomotive(汤姆·斯威夫特和他的电力机车) The Bab Ballads(巴布民谣)More Bab Ballads(巴布民谣续)The Three Taverns(三家酒店)agnes grey(艾格尼丝·格累)Men, Women and Ghosts(男人、女人和鬼魂)ANGLING SKETCHES(安格林素描)a new philosophy: henri bergson(新哲学)ANTHEM(圣歌)At the Earth’s Core(地心)Aucassin and Nicolete(奥加西恩和尼古里特)THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A QUACK AND THE CASE OF GEORG(江湖骗子自白) THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A SLANDER(诽谤者自传)The Tale of Balen(巴伦的故事)black beauty(黑骏马)The Bhagavad-Gita(巴哥维得·吉它)books and bookmen(书籍和书人)ban and arriere ban(班和阿利埃尔·班)bruce(布鲁斯)buttered side down(抹黄油的一面朝下)Buttercup Gold and Other Stories(一杯黄金)Worldly Ways and Byways(世俗之路)CYRANO DE BERGERAC(伯吉拉克的赛拉诺)The Sea-Gull(海鸥)Chastelard(蔡斯特拉德)The Coming Race(一个即临种族)CROME YELLOW(克罗姆·耶娄)The Cavalry General(骑兵队长)Dream Life and Real Life(梦境与现实)DOLLY DIALOGUES(多利·戴尔洛格斯)Damaged Goods(损坏了的物品)a dome of many-coloured glass(多彩玻璃顶)THE DEVIL’S DICTIONARY(魔鬼词典)Derrick Vaughan--Novelist(德里克·凡更)DAWN O’HARA THE GIRL WHO LAUGHED(下来吧,哈拉)FURTHER ADVENTURES OF LAD(莱德又一次冒险)Fantastic Fables(绮丽的寓言)Flatland(弗莱特兰)Memoir of Fleeming Jenkin(回忆弗莱明·杰肯)FLYING MACHINES: CONSTRUCTION and OPERATION(飞行器:结构和原理) FRIVOLOUS CUPID(多情的丘比特)Grass of Parnassus(帕那色斯草)a heap o’ livin’(一堆生物)GULLIVER OF MARS(火星上的格列弗)ANDERSEN’S FAIRY TALES(安徒生童话)The Hitchhikers Guide to the Internet(Hitchhikers 因特网指南) Hunting Sketches(狩猎杂记)HIS DOG(狗儿莱德)On the Brain(大脑)John Jacob Astor(约翰·约伯·奥斯塔)Just Folks(公正的民众)JUST DAVID(公正的大卫)The Lady of Lyons(莱翁丝女士)Lazarillo of Tormes(托姆斯的拉托里罗)THE LIBRARY(图书馆)THE LOST CONTINENT(消失的大陆)LETTERS TO DEAD AUTHORS(致已故作者)LEGENDS AND LYRICS- FIRST SERIES(传奇和抒情歌谣1)LEGENDS AND LYRICS - SECOND SERIES(传奇和抒情歌谣2)Letters on Literature(关于文学)THE PLANET MARS AND ITS INHABITANTS(火星和火星人)THE MYSTERIOUS AFFAIR AT STYLES(斯代尔斯的怪事)MEMORIES AND PORTRAITS(回忆与肖像)THUVIA, MAID OF MARS(火星姑娘)The Man Between(夹在中间的人)THE MONSTER MEN(魔鬼一样的人)The Moravians in Georgia(莫罗维恩在乔治亚)a mountain woman(山妇)RIDERS TO THE SEA(葬身海底)RECORDS OF A FAMILY OF ENGINEERS(一个工程师的家庭)a strange disappearance(奇怪的消失)SHE STOOPS TO CONQUER(屈身求爱)FOR GREATER THINGS: The story of Saint Stanislaus(圣·斯坦斯洛斯·科斯卡传)THE GOODNESS OF ST. ROCQUE AND OTHER STORIES(善良的圣·罗克白)The Beasts of Tarzan(泰山的野兽)Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar(泰山)THE COMPLEAT ANGLER(垂钓大全)The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard(西维斯特·博拉德的罪行)THAIS(塞斯)Tales of Troy(特罗伊的传说)THE SCHOOLMISTRESS AND OTHER STORIES(女校长)THE WARDEN(沃尔登)Fall of the House of Usher(厄西亚房子的倒塌)Ivanoff(伊凡诺夫)Uncle Vanya(万尼亚舅舅)The Ways of Men(人们的手段)Weir of Hermiston(赫米斯顿的魏尔)The Tenant of Wildfell Hall(王德弗尔大厅的房客)The Woman in the Alcove(凹家的女人)The Witch and other stories(女巫)Why Go To College(为什么上大学)The Prisoner of Zenda(曾达的囚徒)2hell(炼狱)Hell/Inferno, Divine Comedy(神曲地狱篇)a tale of two cities(双城记)THE VISION OR, HELL,PURGATORY, AND PARADISE(炼狱和天堂) THE DIVINE COMEDY(神曲)Three Ghost Stories(三个鬼故事)a b c’s of science(简易科学)a book of scoundrels(流浪之书)The Autobiography of Charles Darwin(查尔斯达尔文自传) Contributions to: All The Year Round(一年到头) alexandria and her schools(亚历山大和她的学校)a message from the sea(大海来信)a millionaire of rough-and-ready(粗犷的百万富翁)THE ANCIEN REGIME(古兵团)a waif of the plains(草原流浪儿)The Autobiography of Ben Franklin(本富兰克林自传)Bleak House(凄凉的房子)The Original Peter Rabbit Books(.波特文集)Poems(勃朗特姆姐妹诗集)by shore and sedge(沙滩和苔草旁)a christmas carol(圣诞赞歌)Some Short Christmas Stories(圣诞故事)Martin Chuzzlewit(玛丁.朱泽尔维特)CAMILLE (LA DAME AUX CAMILIAS)(卡米勒)CONDENSED NOVELS(压缩小说)David Copperfield(大卫.科波维尔)THE MOVEMENTS AND HABITS OF CLIMBING PLANTS(攀爬植物的行为和习性) IN THE CARQUINEZ WOODS(在卡圭尼兹森林)The Old Curiosity Shop(古玩店)DICKORY CRONKE(迪克雷·克龙克)THE HERITAGE OF DEDLOW MARSH and Other Tales(德德罗沼泽的旧习)a defence of poesie and poems(诗辩)DRIFT FROM TWO SHORES(漂流)EXTRACTS FROM THE DIARY OF WILLIAM BRAY(威廉·布雷日记节选) DOCTOR MARIGOLD(马里歌德医生)DEVIL’S FORD(魔鬼的福特)THE FORTUNE HUNTER(闯世界的人)THE FRIENDLY ROAD(友好的路)The Heroes(英雄们)GOING INTO SOCIETY(走进交际圈)Great Expectations(远大前程)GEORGE SILVERMAN’S EXPLANATION(乔治斯尔曼的理由)Hard Times(艰难时世)HOLIDAY ROMANCE(浪漫假日)IN A HOLLOW OF THE HILLS(山涧)THE HOLLY-TREE(圣树)Hunted Down(被猎)HIRAM THE YOUNG FARMER(小农场主哈兰姆)a house to let(转让的房子)Historical Lectures and Essays(查尔斯金斯利历史讲座)MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY(豪夫人和怀女士)The Iceberg Express(冰山直通车)OLD INDIAN DAYS(古印第时期)INDIAN BOYHOOD(印度孩提时代)INDIAN HEROES AND GREAT CHIEFTAINS(印第安英雄)THE SOUL OF THE INDIAN(印度安人之魂)Little Dorrit(小杜丽)THE LAMPLIGHTER(点灯人)From London to Land’s End(从伦敦到尽头)THE LOST CITY(消失的城市)THE LIFE AND PERAMBULATIONS OF A MOUSE(小耗子游记)The Altruist in Politics(政坛上的利他主义者)THE LAZY TOUR OF TWO IDLE APPRENTICES(两个闲荡徒弟的旅行) Monsieur Beaucaire(博凯尔先生)MENO II(罗诺故事二)MUGBY JUNCTION(马格比岔口)Master Humphrey’s Clock(汉普雷老爷的钟)MRS. LIRRIPER’S LODGINGS(利里普夫人的住处)Mrs. Lirriper’s Legacy(利里普夫人的遗产)MEMOIRS OF CARWIN THE BILOQUIST(卡尔维恩)Messer Marco Polo(马可·波罗)MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS(各种各样的文件)THE AMAZING INTERLUDE(玛丽罗茨莱因哈特惊人的幕间表演)NEW BURLESQUES(新讽刺诗)Nicholas Nickleby(尼古拉斯.尼克利比)Oliver Twist(雾都孤儿(孤星血泪))Origin of Species(物种起源)Pickwick Papers(匹克威克外传)a record of buddhistic kingdoms(佛都记录)TO BE READ AT DUSK(黄昏之读)PROPOSED ROADS TO FREEDOM(通往自由之路)THE REPORTER WHO MADE HIMSELF KING(称王的记者)Barnaby Rudge(巴纳比·卢杰)ERYXIAS(厄里克夏斯)SNOW-BOUND AT EAGLE’S(在伊格斯的雪团)SKETCHES OF YOUNG GENTLEMEN(年轻绅士素描)SOMEBODY’S LUGGAGE(谁的行礼)THE SEVEN POOR TRAVELLERS(七个可怜的旅行者)The Chimes(教堂钟声)The Cricket on the Hearth(灶上蟋蟀)THE HOUSE BEHIND THE CEDARS(雪松后的房子)THOUGHTS ON THE PRESENT DISCONTENTS AND SPEECHES(对当下不满的思考) THANKFUL BLOSSOM(感恩花开)Tour through the Eastern Counties of England(英格兰东部游记)TALES FROM TWO HEMISPHERES.(两个半球的故事)The Formation of Vegetable Mould(蔬菜为何发霉)a ward of the golden gate(金门一区)Wreck of the Golden Mary(金玛丽的遗骸)Who Was Who:5000 B. C. to Date(谁是谁)Sketches of Young Couples(年轻夫妇素描)3Longfellow’s Translation of Dan te Inferno(朗费罗译但丁之《地狱》) THE DIVINE COMEDY(三)(朗费罗译但丁之《神曲》)adventure(冒险)The Awakening and Selected Short Stories(苏醒)a w. kinglake - a biographical and literary study(A·W·金雷克传记研究) before adam(亚当之前)Legends of Babylon and Egypt(古巴比伦与埃及传奇)ballads lyrics and poems of old france(古法兰西民抒情歌与诗集)Two Short Pieces(两个短篇)The Call of the Wild(野性的呼唤)CHITA : A Memory of Last Island(奇塔)CHITRA(西特拉)a charmed life(迷人的生活)CLIGES: A ROMANCE(克里杰斯:一个罗曼蒂克的故事)The Adventure of the Cardboard Box(硬纸壳盒子历险记)a cathedral courtship(教堂求婚记)Descartes’ Reason Discourse(笛卡尔的推理)DREAM DAYS(做梦的日子)THE TRAGICAL HISTORY OF DOCTOR FAUSTUS(浮士德博士的悲剧)The Adventure of the Devil’s Foot(魔鬼脚历险记)The Adventure of the Dying Detective(垂死侦探历险记)Diary of a Pilgrimage(朝圣路日记)THE FLAG-RAISING(升旗)THE FORGED COUPON(伪券)The Frame Up(圈套)Father Ryan’s Poems(来扬诗集)The Faith of Men(人们的信任)WHEN GOD LAUGHS AND OTHER STORIES(当上帝发笑时)The Golden Age(金色时代)The Garden Party(园会)THE HAUNTED BOOKSHOP(闹鬼的书店)The University of Hard Knocks(重击大学)THE HUMAN DRIFT(人类的漂流)THE HOUSE OF PRIDE(傲慢之家)IN A GERMAN PENSION(在一家德国养老院)JOHN BARLEYCORN(约翰·巴雷库恩)Clocks(时钟)Dreams(梦)Evergreens(常青树)THE IDLE THOUGHTS OF AN IDLE FELLOW.(一个浪子的随想)PASSING OF THE THIRD FLOOR BACK(三楼去又回)STAGE-LAND.(舞台)Jerry of the Islands(岛上的杰瑞)Kwaidan:Stories and Studies of Strange Things(奇谈)My Lady Caprice(我的无常夫人)THE LION AND THE UNICORN(狮子与独角兽)LOST FACE(丢失的脸)The Lost House(失踪的房子)Mansfield Park(曼斯菲尔德庄园)The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte(十八世纪路易斯波拿巴的雾月革命)THE MAKE-BELIEVE MAN(说服者)MY BURIED TREASURE(我的地下宝藏)MOON-FACE AND OTHER STORIES(月亮的脸和其他)MISS CIVILIZATION(文明小姐)ON THE MAKALOA MAT/ISLAND TALES(马克洛岛上的故事)THE MASTER OF MRS. CHILVERS--AN IMPROBABLE COMEDY(契维尔斯夫人的主人) THE MESSENGERS(信使)Massacre at Paris(巴黎大屠杀)Uncles Josh’s Punkin Centre Stories(乔希叔叔的故事)Northanger Abbey(诺桑觉奇)Persuasion(劝导)Pride and Prejudice(傲慢与偏见)The Adventure of the Red Circle(红圈历险记)THE RED CROSS GIRL(红十字姑娘)THE RIME OF THE ANCIENT MARINER IN SEVEN PARTS(古舟子咏)Rose O’ the River(河上玫瑰)George Sand(乔治·桑传)Sanditon(桑底顿)Sanitary and Social Lectures and Essays(社会卫生讲座)Sense and Sensibility(理智与情感)Smoke Bellew(史沫克·贝罗)The Son of the Wolf(狼孩)Study of the King James Bible(钦印〈圣经〉研究)SOUTH SEA TALES(南海传说)The Strength of the Strong(强人之强)THE TAO TEH KING(道德经)The Book of Tea(茶书)THE BIRDS’ CHRISTMAS CAROL(鸟儿的圣诞颂歌)The Bobbsey Twins at School(读书的鲍勃西双胞胎)THE BOBBSEY TWINS IN THE COUNTRY(乡下的鲍勃西双胞胎)THEY AND I(他们和我)STEP BY STEP OR TIDY’S WAY TO FREEDOM.(循序渐进)TALES FOR FIFTEEN: OR IMAGINATION AND HEART.(故事)TOLD AFTER SUPPER(晚饭后的一席话)TAMBURLAINE THE GREAT (FIRST PART)(帖木耳大帝1)THE SECOND PART OF TAMBURLAINE THE GREAT(帖木耳大帝2)THREE MEN ON THE BUMMEL(三个闲逛的人)Tommy and Co.(托米和科)Tales of the Fish Patrol(巡鱼的故事)THE PEOPLE OF THE ABYSS(深渊居民)THE RED ONE(红色的那人)TEA-TABLE TALK(茶桌上的谈话)Eurasia(优雷夏)The Village Watch-Tower(村中了望塔)The Warsons(华森夫妇)War of the Classes(阶级斗争)The Adv. Of Wisteria Lodge(威斯特利亚·罗吉遇险记)Where the Blue Begins(蓝调从何而起)White Fang(白牙)The Wind in the Willows(柳间风)4The Marble Faun V. 1(玉石雕像卷1)Misc Writings and Speeches(米斯克说与写)Waifs and Strays, etc(流浪儿)Twenty-Two Goblins(二十二只小女妖)The Flower of the Mind(脑之花)Three Elephant Power and other stories(托马斯哈特本顿政参议院的讲话) Misc Writings and Speeches(米斯克说与写3)The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria(巴比龙尼亚和阿西里亚的宗教) [19th Century Actor] AUTOBIOGRAPHY(十九世纪男演员自传)Adam Bede(亚当.比德)Amphitryon(安菲特利翁)Animal Heroes(动物英雄)SEVEN DISCOURSES ON ART(艺术七讲座)The Red Badge of Courage(红色英勇勋章)battle of the books et al(书战)The Bedford-Row Conspiracy(百得福特娄阴谋)beasts and super-beasts(野兽与超级野兽)best historical novels and tales(乔纳森尼尔德历史小说故事精选)a brief history of the internet(因特网历史简介)In The Bishop’s Carriage(在主教的马车里)History Of The Britons(布利顿史)bickerstaff-partridge papers(比克一帕特拉奇文件)beowulf (贝奥武甫)Cobb’s Anatomy(科伯的解剖学)carmen(卡门)THE CHILDREN(孩子们)THE COLOUR OF LIFE(生命之色)Notes on a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo(从康希尔到大开罗) Ceres’ Runaway & Other Essays(逃跑的色拉)The Dhammapada(达马帕达)The Diary of a Nobody(小人物日记)The Darrow Enigma(达罗之迷)The Diary of an Old Soul(一颗衰老灵魂的日记)MEN OF IRON(铁人)FIRE-TONGUE(火舌)THE GOLDEN FLEECE(金羊毛)Flame and Shadow(火焰与阴影)GRANDFATHER’S CHAIR(祖父的椅子)Glaucus/or The Wonders of the Shore(格劳高斯)THE GOLDEN THRESHOLD(金色的门槛)THE GOLF COURSE MYSTERY(高尔夫教程)God the Known and God the Unknown(已知的上帝和未知的上帝) The Gentle Grafter(轻柔的嫁接)The Grey Brethren(阴郁的教友们)THE GREAT HOGGARTY DIAMOND(大钻石)The Governess(家庭女教师)Helen of Troy And Other Poems(特洛伊的海伦)Hiero(希尔罗)On Horsemanship(骑马术)Hearts of Controversy(争论的中心)AN ICELAND FISHERMAN(冰岛渔夫)PADRE IGNACIO(帕德拉·伊格纳西欧)Main Street and Other Poems(大街)a journey to the western islands of scotland(苏格兰西部群岛) Stories To Tell To Children(儿童故事)How To Tell Children Stories(如何给孩子讲故事)The Mirror of Kong Ho(空赫的镜子)Kansas Women in Literature(文学中的堪萨斯女人)a. v. laider(A.V.雷德)The Little Lame Prince(小瘸腿王子)MANON LESCAUT(曼能拉斯考特)THE LIFTED VEIL(揭起的面纱)LIN McLEAN(林·迈林恩)Love Songs(恋歌)THE LIGHT PRINCESS(光明公主)THE TREMENDOUS ADVENTURES OF MAJOR GAHAGAN(加哈甘少校历险记) a modest proposal(一个小小的建议)MAGGIE: A GIRL OF THE STREETS(街头女郎梅季)Middlemarch(米德尔.马齐)Mill on the Floss(弗罗斯河上的磨房)The Memorabilia(纪念品)The Moon and Sixpence(月球和六便士)MOTHER(母亲)Mazelli and Other Poems(马兹里)The dawn of amateur radio in the U.K.(收音机雏形的诞生)THE RED SEAL(红印)REGINALD IN RUSSIA AND OTHER SKETCHES(里格那得在俄罗斯)The Rhythm of Life and Other Essays(生命的旋律)Castle Rackrent(拉克伦特堡)Some Roundabout Papers(绕圈的文件)The Rose and the Ring(玫瑰与戒指)On Revenues(税收)Silas Marner(织工马南)THE SNOW IMAGE(雪景)The Soul of the Far East(远东的灵魂)Speaking of Operations(说起手术)The Sportsman(运动员)The Spirit of Place and Other Essays(地方的精神等)Strictly Business More Stories of the Four Million(完全商务) a straight deal(一笔干脆的交易)THE GATHERING OF BROTHER HILARIUS(希拉里兄的收集)Thomas Hart Benton’s Remarks to the Senate(西奥多罗斯福传) TANGLEWOOD TALES(探戈林故事)THE GREAT STONE FACE AND OTHER TALES OF THE WHITE(奇妙的石脸) The Prince(王子)TARTUFFE OR THE HYPOCRITE(塔突弗)The Unknown Guest(陌生客)The Voice of the City(城市之声)Winesburg Ohio(小城畸人故事集)Young Adventure(年轻的冒险)5Theologico-Political Treatise P1(神学与政治专题研究1)King Henry VI Part 1(亨利四世Ⅰ)King Henry VI Part 2(亨利四世Ⅱ)King Henry VI Part 3(亨利四世Ⅲ)King Richard III(理查三世)The Comedy of Errors(错误的喜剧)The Shakespearian Sonnets(莎士比亚十四行诗)Titus Andronicus(泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯)The Taming of the Shrew(驯悍记)Two Gentlemen of Verona(维洛那两绅士)Love’s Labour’s Lost(爱的徒劳)King John(约翰王)King Richard II(理查二世)Romeo and Juliet(罗蜜欧和朱丽叶)a midsummer night’s dream(仲夏夜之梦)The Merchant of Venice(威尼斯商人)King Henry IV Part 1(亨利四世I)The Merry Wives of Windsor(温沙的风流娘儿们)Much Ado about Nothing(无事生非)King Henry V(亨利五世)Julius Caesar(裘力斯·凯撒)as you like it(皆大欢喜)Hamlet, Prince of Denmark(哈姆雷特)Twelfth Night; or What You Will(第十二夜)History of Troilus and Cressida(特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达)all’s well that end’s well(终成眷属)Measure for Measure(量罪记)Othello,The Moor of Venice(奥塞罗)King Lear(李尔王)Macbeth(麦克白恩)antony and cleopatra(安东尼和克利奥帕格拉)Coriolanus(科利奥兰纳斯)Timon of Athens(雅典的泰门)Cymbeline(辛白林)The Winter’s Tale(冬天的故事)Theologico-Political Treatise P2(神学与政治专题研究2)The Light of Egypt Volume II(埃及之光卷2)Theologico-Political Treatise P3(神学与政治专题研究3) Theologico-Political Treatise P4(神学与政治专题研究4)50 bab ballads(50篇巴布歌谣)Alexander’s Bridge(亚力山大的桥)AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND SELECTED ESSAYS(自传和散文选)arizona nights(亚利桑那之夜)billy baxter’s letters(比利巴克斯特书信)CROTCHET CASTLE(科罗切特岛)Child Christopher and Goldilind the Fair(其尔得·克里斯托弗) CHARLOTTE TEMPLE(夏洛特·藤布尔)Catherine: A Story(凯瑟琳的故事)THE HISTORY OF THE CALIPH VATHEK(加里弗.维克史)THE DOUBLE-DEALER(两面派)DREAMS & DUST(梦与尘)The Cruise of the Dolphin(海豚的游弋)THE DORE LECTURES ON MENTAL SCIENCE(脑科学讲座)DANNY’S OWN STORY(丹尼自传)a fair penitent(由衷的忏悔)THE FROZEN DEEP(冰渊)THE FOOLISH VIRGIN(愚蠢的处女)The Diary of a Goose Girl(牧鹅女日记)THE HAUNTED HOTEL(闹鬼的旅馆)THE HOUSE OF THE WOLF(狼之家)Island Nights’ Entertainments(岛上夜间的娱乐)a dream of john ball(约翰·勃尔的梦)Life of Francis Marion(弗朗西丝·马利翁传)THE CRUISE OF THE JASPER B.(杰斯帕·B·之游)Early Kings of Norway(古挪威的国王)An Old Town By The Sea(滨海古城)LONDON’S UNDERWORLD(地下伦敦)Lays of Ancient Rome(古罗马方位)THE LUMLEY AUTOGRAPH(卢母雷手迹)Maid Marian(女孩马丽安)MALBONE: AN OLDPORT ROMANCE.(马尔布恩)THE IMITATION OF CHRIST(效仿基督)Miss or Mrs.?(小姐还是夫人)Majorie Daw(马祖绿·多)MY LADY’S MONEY(我的女士的钱)MEN’S WIVES(妻室)FROM THE MEMOIRS OF A MINISTER OF FRANCE(法国某部长的回忆录) ANTHOLOGY OF MASSACHUSETTS POETS(马萨诸赛诗人)Incognita(隐姓埋名)RIDGWAY OF MONTANA(蒙达那的李奇微)UNDER THE RED ROBE(红袍下)THE ADVENTURES OF REDDY FOX(兰迪福克斯奇遇)a rogue’s life(一个无赖的一生)SECRETS OF THE WOODS(林中的秘密)Female Suffrage(妇女的选举权)THE SLEEPING-CAR(卧车)The Story of a Bad Boy(顽童故事)On the Improvement of the Understanding(提高阅读能力)THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA(亚桑那的预定疆界)THE ART OF LAWN TENNIS(网球的艺术)THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN MEDICINE(现代医药的演变)THE MASTERY OF THE AIR(操纵空气)THE MOUNTAINS(山脉)Utopia(乌托邦)Prayers Written At Vailima(维利马# 祈祷)The Vision Spendid(美景)Poems(诗集)The Wrong Box(不是这个盒子)The Way of the World(如此世道)Wyoming(怀俄明)6--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tom Swift And His Motor-Boat(汤姆·史威夫特和他的摩托艇)Tom Swift & his Submarine Boat(汤姆·史威夫特和他的潜水艇)Tom Swift & his Electric Runabout(汤姆史威特和他的电力小轿车)Tom Swift & his Sky Racer(汤姆·史威夫特和他的空中赛艇)Tom Swift & his Air Glider(汤姆·史威夫特和他的滑翔机)Tom Swift and His Wizard Camera(汤姆·史威夫特和他的女巫相机)Tom Swift And His Giant Cannon(汤姆·史威夫特和他的巨形炮)Tom Swift & His Aerial Warship(汤姆·史威夫特和他的空战)Russia in 1919(1919的俄国)Tom Swift & his Big Tunnel(汤姆·史威夫特和他的大遂道)adventures of col. daniel boone(丹尼尔·布思遇险)The New McGuffey First Reader(新迈克亨斐第一读者)Tempest(暴风雨)King Henry VIII(亨利八世)a lover’s complaint(情人的委屈)Sir Thomas More(托马斯·莫尔骑士)Locrine/Mucedorus(洛克林)Cromwell(克伦威尔)King Edward the Third(爱德华三世)John Old castle(约翰古老的城堡)Tom Swift and His Air Scout(汤姆·史威夫特和他的侦察机)Tom Swift And His Undersea Search (汤姆斯威夫特和他的海底研究)Tom Swift Among The Fire Fighters (消防员中的汤姆斯威夫特) alcibiades ii(阿尔西比亚德斯)THE MOST INTERESTING STORIES OF ALL NATIONS(全人类的故事)The Thirty-Nine Steps(三十九级台阶)The Rape of Lucrece(露易丝受辱记)The Passionate Pilgrim(热情的朝圣徒)The New McGuffey Fourth Reader(新迈克高斐第四读者2)Aesop’s Fables(伊索寓言)THE ADVENTURES OF GERARD(吉拉德历险记)AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT(埃及记)ANNALS OF THE PARISH(教区年鉴)The Categories(范畴)America Through the Spectacles of an Oriental Dipl(东方外交家眼里的亚美利坚)The Ayrshire Legatees(艾尔夏尔的继承者)beyond the city(城市之上)The Boy Captives(被俘的男孩)The Black Dwarf(黑侏儒)Samual Brohl & Company(赛穆王·布洛公司)The Bucolics/Ecloges [English](牧歌)CLOTELLE(有色女英雄)Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs.(玛丽罗兰森被俘与被释)Cranford(克兰弗德)THE CRISIS IN RUSSIA(俄国危机)THE DARK LADY OF THE SONNETS(十四行诗里的黑夫人)THE STORY OF DOCTOR DOLITTLE(多利特尔医生的故事)a dark night’s work(一晚的工作)Wives and Daughters(妻子与女儿)THE GEORGICS(农事诗集)THE GREAT GOD PAN(潘恩大帝)THE GREY ROOM(灰房间)THE DISCOVERY OF GUIANA(发现圭亚那)Hell Fer Sartain & Other Stories(萨顿的故事)HERLAND(她乡)IMAGINARY PORTRAITS(幻像)Jane Eyre(简·爱)John C. Calhoun’s Remarks in the Senate(约翰C卡尔豪在参议院上的讲话) The Jimmyjohn Boss and Other Stories(吉米约翰老板的故事)a knight of the cumberland(康巴伦的骑马士)LAHOMA(拉霍马)THE LOVE AFFAIRS OF A BIBLIOMANIAC(藏书癖者的爱情)The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax(失踪的女士弗朗西斯卡法克斯) His Last Bow(他最后一次鞠躬)LETTERS FROM ENGLAND(从英特兰来的信)My Aunt Margaret’s Mirror(玛格丽特阿姨的镜子)Four Poems by John Milton(约翰弥尔顿4首诗)amours de voyage(出航)Misalliance(错姻缘)North American Species of Cactus(北美仙人掌)The Professor(教授)ROUND THE RED LAMP(红灯四周)STORIES By English Authors in Africa(旅非英国作家的故事)Stories by English Authors in France(旅法英国作家的故事)Stories by English Authors in Germany(旅德英国作家的故事)Stories by English Authors in Italy(旅意英国作家的故事) Stories by English Authors in London(英国作家在伦敦的故事) Stories by English Authors: Orient (英国作家故事集)Life of Robert Browning(罗伯特·布朗宁传)The Sign of the Four(那四个的记号)SERMONS ON THE CARD AND OTHER DISCOURSES(卡上)SHE STANDS ACCUSED(她是被告)The Fifth String(第五根线)THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER(星条旗)TOM SWIFT IN THE LAND OF WONDERS(汤姆·史威夫特/奇境)a treatise on parents and children(父母与子女专题研究) THE TOUCHSTONE(试金石)THE TAPESTRIED CHAMBER(挂花毯的房间)THE TWIN HELLS(两个地狱)Voyages of Dr. Doolittle(都利特尔的航行)The Vital Message(主信)The Early Short Fiction Part One(早斯短篇小说(第一部)) The Early Short Fiction Part Two #(早斯短篇小说(第二部)) Mrs. Warren’s Profession(华伦夫人的职业)Shelley(雪莱)Shakespeare’s Sonnets(莎翁十四行诗集)Venus and Adonis(维纳斯和阿多尼斯)The Great War Syndicate(战争辛迪加)The Yellow Wallpaper(黄色墙纸)Yankee Gypsies(美国吉普赛人)。
查尔斯·狄更斯(中英对照)

Humor and satire
幽默讽刺风格
狄更斯中期创作的代表作
American Notes 《美国 札记》 札记》(1842) ) Martin Chuzzlewit 《马 瞿述伟》 丁·瞿述伟》(1843) 瞿述伟 ) Dombey and Son 《董 贝父子》 贝父子》(1848) ) David Copperfield 《大 科波菲尔》 卫·科波菲尔》(1852) 科波菲尔 )
狄更斯早期创作的代表作品
The Pickwick Papers 匹克威克外传》 《匹克威克外传》(1837) ) Oliver Twist 《奥利佛 退 奥利佛·退 斯特》 又名 雾都孤儿》 又名《 斯特》(又名《雾都孤儿》) (1838) ) The Old Curiosity Shop 《老古玩店》 老古玩店》 (1839) ) Nicholas Nickleby 《尼 古拉斯·尼科尔贝 尼科尔贝》 古拉斯 尼科尔贝》 (1841) )
The later period (1858- 70):
狄更斯的晚期创作
Humor and satire Social Criticism
广泛、 广泛、尖锐的社会批判
Gentle Reformism and Strong humanitarian
温和的改良主义和强烈的人道主义
Exploration of man’s inner conflicts
狄更斯的晚期创作satiresocialcriticism广泛尖锐的社会批判gentlereformismstronghumanitarian温和的改良主义和强烈的人道主义mansinnerconflicts尖锐的矛盾冲突主导情节设计symbolism象征手法狄更斯晚期创作的代表作bleakhouse荒凉山庄1853hardtimes艰难时世1854littledorrit小杜丽1857twocities双城记1859greatexpectations远大前程1861ourmutualfriend我们共同的朋友1865
英美文学期末Summary 3 of English Literature

Summary 3 of English LiteratureCritical Realism:The Victorian PeriodBackground information:•Chronologically the Victorian period roughly coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria who ruled over England from 1836 to 1901. The period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.•Victorian literature, as a product of its age, naturally took on its quality of magnitude and diversity. It was many-sided and complex, and reflected both romantically and realistically the great changes that were going on in people’s life and thought. Great writers and great works abounded.•In this period, the novel became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.•Among the famous novelists of the time were the critical realists like Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, Charlotte Bronté, Emily Bronté, and Mrs. Gaskell.•While sticking to the principle of faithful representation of the eighteenth-century realist novel, they carried their duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defence of the mass. They were all concerned about the fate of the common people.Novels in The Victorian Period•In the last few decades of the Victorian period, there were also George Eliot, the pioneering woman who, according to D.H. Lawrence, was the first novelist that “started putting all the actions inside,” and Thomas Hardy, that Wessex man, who not only continued to expose and criticize all sorts of social iniquities, but finally came to question and attack the Victorian conventions and morals.Charles Dickens•the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age•In his works, Dickens sets out a full map and a large-scale criticism of the nineteenth century England, particularly London.•His best-depicted characters are those innocent and helpless child characters •Representative works:•Pickwick Papers《匹克威克外传》• A Tale of Two Cities《双城计》•Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》•Hard Times《艰难时事》•David Copperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》•Dombey and Son《董贝父子》•Great Expectations 《远大前程》•Bleak House《荒凉山庄》The Bronté Sisters•The story of the three Bronté sisters, Charlotte (1816~55), Emily (1818~48) and Anne (1818~49), all literary, all talented and all dying young, is one of the saddest pages in the history of English literature.•Charlotte Bronté:•The Professor《教授》Jane Eyre (1847)《简·爱》Shirley《雪莉》Villette《维莱特》•Emily Bronté:•Wuthering Heights (1847)《呼啸山庄》•Anne Grey:Agnes Grey (1847)《艾格尼斯·格雷》Jane EyreJane Eyre, taking the form of autobiographies written by authoritative and reliable narrators, tells a story of a child’s development and maturation.Its popularity and success owns much to its exceptional emotional power. Deep inside Jane we discover Charlotte’s soul.Striking Characteristics of Jane Eyre (1847)1.the first English novel to present the free insurgent (revolting, rebellious) woman;2. Jane a poor but independent woman,her characterization relentlessly true to realitydetails true to life3.the story told in the first person with terrific intensity;4. intense feelings;5. simple but telling language full of emotion;6.Gothic elements: grim aspect, sardonic/satiric temper of Mr. Rochester.Writing Style in Jane EyreJane Eyre is written in the first person (“I”) which functions as follows:1. indicates the characteristic of autobiography.2. is favorable to reveal intense, fierce and sharp feelings directly and powerfully.3. provides full and complete thoughts of the whole event and the other characters from the angle of vision of the narrator.4. makes the work consistent and tends to give authority and credibility to the narrative.The use of verbs, adjectives and adverbs reinforces the strength of emotions. It makes the sentence more intense and reflects the sharp anguish and inner struggles of the characters. While reading, we can’t help temporarily identifying ourselves with the characters. It proves especially in Jane’s declaration.Wuthering HeightsSignificance of the novelWuthering Heights is Emily Brontë’s only novel. First published in 1847, the name comes from the house which is one of the three main settings in the book. A posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte.The novel was not welcomed at that time but was spoken highly of now. Some peopleagreed that Wuthering Heights’s originality and achievement exceeded her sisters Charlotte and Anne's works.Wuthering Heights has given rise to many adaptations, including several films, radio and television dramatizations, as well as a hit song by Kate Bush.Emily Brontë's novel tells the tale of Catherine and Heathcliff, their haunting love for one another, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them both.The story of revenge and love helps reveal the weaknesses in human nature: hatred, jealousness and selfishness. When confronting with maltreatment and oppression, human beings will struggle so fiercely and bravely for freedom and dignity. Under the influence of the outer environmental factors, material wealth, social status, love and hatred, human nature is likely to be twisted and distorted. Although love and hatred were settled down with death of the three main characters in Wuthering Heights, the sense and sensibility of human nature never rest, contradicting human’s thinking and decision making, and revealing the weaknesses of every single detriment of human nature.The theme of the novelThe novel is a riddle which means different things to different people.From the social point of view,it is a story about a poor man abused,betrayed & distorted by his social betters because he is a poor nobody.As a love story, this is one of the most moving:the passion between Heathcliff and Catherine proves the most intense,the most beautiful & at the same time the most horrible passion ever to be found possible in human beings.The structure of the novelThe novel has a unique structure:the story is told through independent narrators unidentical with the author,whose personality is therefore completely absent from the book. The story is told mainly by Nelly,Catherine's old nurse,to Mr. Lockwood,a temporary tenant at Grange. The latter too gives an account of what he sees at Wuthering Heights. And part of the story is told through Isabella's letters to Nelly. While the central interest is maintained,the sequence of its development is constantly disordered by flashbacks. This makes the story all the more enticing and genuine. George Eliot 乔治·艾略特(1819~1880)•Eliot initiates a new type of realism and sets into motion a variety of developments, leading in the direction of both the naturalistic and psychological novel.•Her novels mostly describing rural life dealt with moral problems and contained psychological studies of character.•Representative works:•Adam Bede《亚当·贝德》•Middlemarch《弥都玛契镇》•Silas Marner《织工马南传》•The Mill on the Floss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代•Novelist and poet, one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century.•As a transitional writer, he is intellectually advanced and emotionally traditional. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern.•Hardy’s novels are all Victorian in date. Most of them are set in Wessex, the fictional primitive and crude rural region.•They are known for the vivid description of the vicissitudes of people who live in an agricultural setting menaced by the forces of invading capitalism.•Representative works:•Desperate Remedies《计出无奈》•Far From the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》•Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》•Tess of the D’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》•The Return of the Native《还乡》•Under the Greenwood Tree《绿荫下》Key wordscritical realismnaturalismfatalismtragedyWessex novelsJude the ObscureTess of the d'Urberville sWriting Style of HardyLanguage FeatureHardy is noted for the rustic dialect and a poetic flavor, so he is also called local-colorist. Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure are the most representative of him as both a naturalistic and a critical realistic w riter.Fatalism is the idea that things will happen the way it comes out, regardless of what we intend to happen.Fatalism is a philosophical doctrine stressing the subjugation of all events or actions to fate.As a genre, naturalism emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances. At bottom, life was shown to be ironic, even tragic.Man is a "victim of forces over which he has no control," according to Hardy, life is "so sad, so strange, so mysterious and so inexplicable."characteristics of naturalistic writingfirm belief in heredity and social environmentnature indifferent to human struggleuncouth or sordid subject matterpervasive pessimism /determinisma surprising twist at the end of the storydetachment from the storystark exposure of the dark harshness of life (including poverty, racism, violence, prejudice, disease, corruption, prostitution, and filth)focus on human vice and miseryWessex novelsBecause most of Hardy's novels took place in the "partly-real, partly-dream" county Wessex, his novels were called Wessex novels.Fatalism in Tess of the D’UrbervillesTragic coincidencesTess’s identification with the d’Urbervilles clanThe death of the horseTess’s wedding with AngelThe missed letterReturn of AngelToo lateAnalysis of Tess:Attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country and destruction of the English peasantry towards the end of the century.A most bitter cry of protest and denunciation of the society.Naturalistic tendencyFatalismInterpretation of the last paragraph:“Justice”was done, and the President of the Immortals, in Aeschylean phrase, had ended his sport with Tess. And the d’Urberville knights and dames slept on in their tombs unknowing. The two speechless gazers bent themselves down to the earth, as if in prayer, and remained thus a long time, absolutely motionless: the flag continued to wave silently. As soon as they had strength they arose, joined hands again, and went on.Put in the quotation marks, Hardy’s justice is quite ironic, just as the Greek tragedian Aeschylus’s view of the divine justice done to Prometheus who stole fire for the benefit of the people. Although it is quite controversial whether Tess has done benefit for the public, there no doubt that her story is a tragic one. Firstly, her fate is determined from the very beginning of the story; it is a sport or game of the president of gods. Indeed, Tess’ story is a long series of accidents. Had she not killed the horse by accident or she was not so responsible and loyal to her family, Tess could not have listened to her mother so obediently and set her foot on a doomed path. Secondly, Tess’story is tragic in that she lives in a corrupted and corrupting society. People, like the rich nobleman Alec, can easily get away with his crime of impregnating and abandoning a lower-class girl while the victim is left laughed at and despised for something that is not her fault. Such a gentleman as Angel Clare, though he claims to serve the good and will of man, he can not accept his poor wife. He says one thing and does the other. As a matter of fact, both of them represent the unfair and hypocritical Victorian society, one way or the other.Poetry in the Victorian Period•The poetry of this period was mainly characterized by experiments with new styles and new ways of expression. Among those famous experimental poets was Robert Browning, who is acknowledged by many as the most original poet of the time.•Browning’s name is often associated with the term “dramatic monologue.”Although it is not his invention, it is in his hands that this poetic form reaches its maturity and perfection. “Pippa Passes” (“皮帕经过”), “My Last Duchess”(“我的前公爵夫人”) and The Ring and the Book (《指环与书》) are some of his best-known monologues.•Other poets like Alfred Tennyson, Matthew Arnold, Gerald Manley Hopkins, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and his talented sister Christina Rossetti all made their respective attempts at poetic innovations and helped open up new ways for the twentieth-century modern poetry.Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生(1809~1892)•the most representative poet of theVictorian period•His poetry is rich in poetic images and melodious language, and noted for its lyrical beauty and metrical charm.•Tennyson’s poems voice the doubt and the faith, the grief and the joy of the English people in an age of fast social change.•In Memoriam《悼念》: Tennyson’s greatest work, one of the best elegies in English literature.Victorian literature, in general, truthfully represents the reality and spirit of the age. The high-spirited vitality, the down-to-earth earnestness, the good-natured humor and unbounded imagination are all unprecedented. In almost every genre it paved the way for the coming new century.。
英国文学整理

古英语Anglo-Saxon PoetryRepresentative:The Story of Beowulf (national epic)Features:①alliteration头韵,②metaphors,③understatements中世纪英语1. The RomanceMatters流派: matters of Britain亚瑟王和圆桌骑士matters of Francematters of Rome起源:Celtic legends高潮: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight结束: Le Morte D’Arthur 亚瑟王之死(Thomas Malory)2. LanglandPiers the Plowman 农夫皮埃尔斯Features:①alliteration②written in the form of a dream vision通过梦揭露社会现象③an allegory using symbolism to relate truth运用象征手法的寓言故事3. The BalladsThe Geste of Robin Hood多重性格: ①勇敢聪明②慈善③敌对上层社会④宗教信仰虔诚⑤尊敬国王4. Chaucer1).the founder/father of English poetry.2).studied the poems of Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio.文艺复兴先驱,但没传播3).French/first period:The Romaunt of the Rose玫瑰传奇(translated fromFrench)Italian/second:Troilus mand Criseyde特洛伊拉斯和克莱西德English/third:The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集(英语写作)4). The Canterbury Tales①Chaucer’s masterpiece, one of the monumental works in EnglishLiterature 巨作,英国文学里程碑作品之一②两方面把故事联系起来:the personality of the host & intimate connection between the tales and the Prologue.③The Wife of Bath④His Language:a).full of humor and satireb).vivid and exact.c).the “heroic couplet”第一个用英雄双行体d).he is the first great poet who wrote in the English language.文艺复兴时期(16th c)1.More1).prose writer2).UtopiaMore’s masterpiece, 对话形式,分两册,第一册说英国社会状况,第二册说Utopia3).评价:a far-sighted thinker有远见;one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.社会主义思想先驱2.Edmund Spenser1).poetry writer2).The Shepherd’s Calendar3).The Faerie Queene①Spenser’s greatest work②dedicated to Queen Elizabeth献给伊莉莎白女王③主导思想:nationalism民族主义,humanism人文主义,puritanism清教主义④Spenserian Stanza斯宾塞诗节4).评价:the poet’s poet of the period.3.Francis Bacon1).essayist2).the founder of English materialist philosophy英国唯物主义思想奠基者the founder of modern science in England英国现代科学奠基者the first English essayist3).哲学作品:Advancement of Learning; New Instrument4.Drama1).the Miracle Play神秘剧the Morality Play道德剧the Interlude幕间剧the Classical Drama古典剧2).the London Theatre/Globe theatre3).university wits大学6才子Marlowe①Tamburlaine铁木耳The Jew of Malta马耳他岛的犹太人Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧(Marlowe’s masterpiece)②评价:a.the most gifted of the university wits大学6才子中最有才的b.the greatest of the pioneers of English drama英戏剧最伟大的先驱c.His work paved the way for Shakespeare为莎士比亚扫清道路5.Shakespeare(1564-1616)1). The 1st period(学徒阶段)Historical play: HenryⅥ,Parts 1,2,3亨利六世上,中,下RichardⅢ理查德三世Comedy:The Comedy of Errors错中错The Taming of the Shrew驯悍妇The Two Gentlemen of Verona委洛那二绅士Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场Tragedy:Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶The 2nd period(成熟阶段)Comedy: A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第12夜The Merry Wives of Windsor温莎的风流女人Much Ado about Nothing无事生非Historical plays: RichardⅡ理查德二世HenryⅣParts1,2 亨利四世上,下HenryⅤ亨利五世King John约翰王Tragedy: Julius Caesar凯撒The 3rd period(巅峰时期)Tragedy:HamletOthelloKing LearMacbeth*Timon of Athens雅典的泰蒙Comedy:Troilus and Cressida特洛爱丽丝和克莱西达All’s Well That Ends Well终成眷属Measure for Measure恶有恶报Roman tragedy:Antony and Cleopatra安东尼和克里奥佩特拉Coriolanus克里奥兰纳斯The 4th period(暴风雨之后的宁静)Romances/reconciliation play:Pericles佩利克里斯Cymbeline辛柏林The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事Tempest暴风雨Historcal play:HenryⅧ亨利八世2).Hamlet①a book-worm书呆子a).humanist, free from medieval prejudices and superstitions.人文主义者,不受偏见和迷信影响b).he turns to those around him with the same eagerness对周边人很热心c).his intellectual genius is outstanding. He is a close observer of men and manners.对人洞察秋毫②m elancholy忧郁a).melancholy is the keynote of Hamlet性格最重要特点是忧郁b).He is beyond himself with the joy of dicoveryc).In spite of the melancholy and delay in action, he still retains his active energy.③Hamlet is a hero of the Renaissance.3).PoemsVenus and adonisThe rape of lucreceSonnets十四行诗4).Features of Shakespeare’s Drama①One of the founders of realism in world literature现实主义奠基者之一②His dramatic creation often used the method of adoption③A master hand for playwriting④Skilled in many poetic forms⑤Great master of the English language词汇量大6.Ben Jonson1).Every Man in His Humour 人人高兴Volpone 狐狸The Alchemist炼金术师Bartholomew Fair 巴托罗缪市集2).评价:literary king晚年成为当时的文学王A forerunner of classicism in English literature英文学古典主义先驱资产阶级革命时期(17th c)ton1).On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity基督诞生晨颂L’Allegro快乐的人ⅡPenseroso幽思的人Comus科玛斯(假面剧)Lycidas利西达斯Of Reformation in England论英国改革Pamphlets on MarriageAreopagitica论出版自由Defence of the English People为英国人民声辩Second Defence of the English People再为英国人民声辩Paradise Lost失乐园Paradise Regained复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙2).评价:①Milton was political in both his life and his art.②Milton wrote the greatest epic in English literature.③Milton is a master of the blank verse.④Milton is a great stylist.文体家⑤Milton has always been admired for his sublimity of thoughtand majesty of expression.思想崇高&表达方式华丽2.BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程an allegory3.Metaphysicals形而上学,玄学John Donne①The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.玄学创始人②Representative: Holy Sonnets4.John Dryden1).The most distinguished literary figure of the Restoration Period.2).The forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the next century.英古典主义先驱启蒙运动时期(18th c)1.Classicism2.Addison and Steele1).The Tatler闲谈者(a paper,3 times a week)In order to carry on his social criticism more effectively:①Steele wrote under the pseudonym of “Isaac Bickerstaff”.用笔名②Steele used frequently the correspondence.来信选登2).The Spectator旁观者(a daily paper)3).different stylesSteele: intimate, easy-going, carelessAddison: careful, a great stylist.His essays were the model of English composition by Britishauthors all through the 18th c.4).评价They ushered in the dawn of modern English novel迎来英小说曙光3.Pope1). Pastorals田园组诗Essay on Criticism论批评The Rape of the Lock夺发记The Iliad of Homer荷马的伊利亚特The Odyssey of Homer荷马的奥德赛The Works of Shakespeare莎士比亚集The Dunciad愚人志Essay on Man人论2).评价①an outstanding enlighterner②a master in the art of poetry③perfect in the form of heroic couplets④the most representative of the English classical poetry⑤at his best in satire and epigram擅长讽刺4.Swift1).A Tale of a Tub一个木桶的故事The Battle of the Books书的战争Bickerstaff Almanac比克斯达夫的历书Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游记The Draper’s Letters一个麻布商的书信A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议2).评价:①One of the greatest masters of English prose.②语言特色:simple,clear,vigorous,direct,precise③a master satirist, his irony is deadly讽刺大师5.Defoe1).Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙漂流记Captain SingletonMoll Flanders 摩尔·弗兰德斯Colonel Jacque 雅克上校2).Robinson Crusoe①The writers of the Enlightenment attached great importance to the moulding of character注重人物性格塑造②Defoe glorified human labour.赞美人类劳动③The character of Robinson Crusoe is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the earlier stages of its development.书中人物是英早期资产阶级人物代表6.RichardsonPamela 帕梅拉7.Fielding1).Joseph Andrews约瑟夫•安德鲁斯的经历Jonathan Wild大人物Tom Jones汤姆琼斯Amelia阿米莉亚2).评价①Point of view:letters ; principal character ; author②Satire in Fielding’s Novels③Fielding believed in the educational function of the novel④A master of style: easy,unlaboured and familiar, but extremely vivid and vigorous 文体:不费力,随便,但生动有力⑤He established once for all the form of the modern novel.8.Johnson - Lexicographer字典编写家9.Sentimentalism3个代表:Thomas Gray;William Cowper;George Crabbe10.Pre-Romanticism前浪漫主义BlakeSongs of Innocence天真之歌Songs of Experience经验之歌The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻●Burns作品特征:Scottish dialect苏格兰方言主题特征:①love & friendship②Patriotism③Supporter of the French Revolution④Sympathy for the miseries of the poor people⑤Humor and lightheartedness自由自在浪漫主义时期(1798-1832)1.escapist romanticists消极浪漫主义Passive romanticists. Lake poets湖畔诗人。
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Pickwick Papers(匹克威克外传)英文版ELECBOOK CLASSICSTHEPICKWICKPAPERSCharles DickensELECBOOK CLASSICSebc0013. Charles Dickens: The Pickwick PapersThis file is free for individual use only. It must not be altered or resold.Organisations wishing to use it must first obtain a licence.Low cost licenses are available. Contact us through our web site The Electric Book Co 1998The Electric Book Company Ltd20 Cambridge Drive, London SE12 8AJ, UK+44 0181 488 3872 //.THE PICKWICKPAPERSCharles DickensThe Posthumous PapersOf The Pickwick ClubThe Pickwick Papers 4CONTENTSClick on number to go to ChapterChapter ITHE PICKWICKIANS..14Chapter IITHE FIRST DAY’S JOURNEY, AND THE FIRST EVENING’S ADVENTURES; WITH THEIR CONSEQUENCES..21Chapter IIIA NEW ACQUAINTANCE?THE STROLLER’S TALE?A DISAGREEABLE INTERRUPTION, AND AN UNPLEASANT ENCOUNTER.58Chapter IVA FIELD DAY AND BIVOUAC?MORE NEW FRIENDS?AN INVITATION TO THE COUNTRY.74Chapter VA SHORT ONE?SHOWING, AMONG OTHER MATTERS, HOW Mr. PICKWICK UNDERTOOK TO DRIVE, AND Mr. WINKLE TO RIDE, AND HOW THEY BOTH DID IT.91Chapter VIAN OLD-FASHIONED CARD-PARTY? THE CLERGYMAN’S VERSES?THE STORY OFTHE CONVICT’S RETURN..105Chapter VIIHOW Mr. WINKLE, INSTEAD OF SHOOTING AT THE PIGEON AND KILLING THE CROW, SHOT AT THE CROW AND WOUNDED THEPIGEON; HOW THE DINGLEY DELL CRICKETCLUB PLAYED ALL-MUGGLETON, AND HOW ALL-MUGGLETON DINED AT THE DINGLEY DELLCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 5 EXPENSE; WITH OTHER INTERESTING ANDINSTRUCTIVE MATTERS126Chapter VIIISTRONGLY ILLUSTRATIVE OF THEPOSITION, THAT THE COURSE OF TRUE LOVE ISNOT A RAILWAY.146Chapter IXA DISCOVERY AND A CHASE..164Chapter XCLEARING UP ALL DOUBTS IF ANYEXISTED OF THE DISINTERESTEDNESS OF Mr.JINGLE’S CHARACTER.177Chapter XIINVOLVING ANOTHER JOURNEY,AND AN ANTIQUARIAN DISCOVERY; RECORDINGMr. PICKWICK’S DETERMINATION TO BEPRESENT AT AN ELECTION; AND CONTAINING A MANUSCRIPT OF THE OLD CLERGYMAN’S.196Chapter XIIDESCRIPTIVE OF A VERYIMPORTANT PROCEEDING ON THE PART OF Mr.PICKWICK; NO LESS AN EPOCH IN HIS LIFE,THAN IN THIS HISTORY.221Chapter XIIISOME ACCOUNT OF EATANSWILL;OF THE STATE OF PARTIES THEREIN; AND OFTHE ELECTION OF A MEMBER TO SERVE INPARLIAMENT FOR THAT ANCIENT, LOYAL, ANDPATRIOTIC BOROUGH.230Chapter XIVCOMPRISING A BRIEFDESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY AT THEPEACOCK ASSEMBLED; AND A TALE TOLD BY ABAGMAN.255Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 6 Chapter XVIN WHICH IS GIVEN A FAITHFUL PORTRAITURE OF TWO DISTINGUISHEDPERSONS; AND AN ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OFA PUBLIC BREAKFAST IN THEIR HOUSE ANDGROUNDS: WHICH PUBLIC BREAKFAST LEADSTO THE RECOGNITION OF AN OLDACQUAINTANCE, AND THE COMMENCEMENT OFANOTHER CHAPTER..279Chapter XVITOO FULL OF ADVENTURE TO BEBRIEFLY DESCRIBED299Chapter XVIISHOWING THAT AN ATTACK OF RHEUMATISM, IN SOME CASES, ACTS AS AQUICKENER TO INVENTIVE GENIUS.325Chapter XVIIIBRIEFLY ILLUSTRATIVE OF TWOPOINTS; FIRST, THE POWER OF HYSTERICS,AND, SECONDLY, THE FORCE OFCIRCUMSTANCEs..337Chapter XIXA PLEASANT DAY WITH ANUNPLEASANT TERMINATION..352Chapter XXSHOWING HOW DODSON AND FOGGWERE MEN OF BUSINESS, AND THEIR CLERKSMEN OF PLEASURE; AND HOW AN AFFECTINGINTERVIEW TOOK PLACE BETWEEN Mr. WELLERAND HIS LONG-LOST PARENT; SHOWING ALSOWHAT CHOICE SPIRITS ASSEMBLED AT THEMAGPIE AND STUMP, AND WHAT A CAPITALCHAPTER THE NEXT ONE WILL BE372Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 7 Chapter XXIIN WHICH THE OLD MANLAUNCHES FORTH INTO HIS FAVOURITETHEME, AND RELATES A STORY ABOUT AQUEER CLIENT395Chapter XXIIMr. PICKWICK JOURNEYS TOIPSWICH AND MEETS WITH A ROMANTICADVENTURE WITH A MIDDLE-AGED LADY INYELLOW CURL-PAPERS419Chapter XXIIIIN WHICH Mr. SAMUEL WELLERBEGINS TO DEVOTE HIS ENERGIES TO THERETURN MATCH BETWEEN HIMSELF AND Mr.TROTTER..441Chapter XXIVWHEREIN Mr. PETER MAGNUSGROWS JEALOUS, AND THE MIDDLE-AGED LADY APPREHENSIVE, WHICH BRINGS THEPICKWICKIANS WITHIN THE GRASP OF THELAW.453Chapter XXVSHOWING, AMONG A VARIETY OFPLEASANT MATTERS, HOW MAJESTIC ANDIMPARTIAL Mr. NUPKINS WAS; AND HOW Mr.WELLE R RETURNED Mr. JOB TROTTER’SSHUTTLECOCK AS HEAVILY AS IT CAME?WITHANOTHER MATTER, WHICH WILL BE FOUND INITS PLACE475Chapter XXVIWHICH CONTAINS A BRIEFACCOUNT OF THE PROGRESS OF THE ACTIONOF BARDELL AGAINST PICKWICK..501Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 8Chapter XXVIISAMUEL WELLER MAKES APILGRIMAGE TO DORKING, AND BEHOLDS HISMOTHER-IN-LAW..510Chapter XXVIIIA GOOD-HUMOUREDCHRISTMAS CHAPTER, CONTAINING ANACCOUNT OF A WEDDING, AND SOME OTHERSPORTS BESIDE: WHICH ALTHOUGH IN THEIRWAY, EVEN AS GOOD CUSTOMS AS MARRIAGEITSELF, ARE NOT QUITE SO RELIGIOUSLY KEPTUP, IN THESE DEGENERATE TIMES..524Chapter XXIXTHE STORY OF THE GOBLINSWHO STOLE A SEXTON.554Chapter XXXHOW THE PICKWICKIANS MADEAND CULTIVATED THE ACQUAINTANCE OF ACOUPLE OF NICE YOUNG MEN BELONGING TOONE OF THE LIBERAL PROFESSIONS; HOW THEYDISPORTED THEMSELVES ON THE ICE; ANDHOW THEIR VISIT CAME TO A CONCLUSION568Chapter XXXI. WHICH IS ALL ABOUT THE LAW,AND SUNDRY GREAT AUTHORITIES LEARNEDTHEREIN584Chapter XXXIIDESCRIBES, FAR MORE FULLYTHAN THE COURT NEWSMAN EVER DID, ABACHELOR’S PARTY, GIVEN BY Mr. BOB SAWYERAT HIS LODGINGS IN THE BOROUGH..606Chapter XXXIII. Mr. WELLER THE ELDERDELIVERS SOME CRITICAL SENTIMENTSCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 9RESPECTING LITERARY COMPOSITION; AND,ASSISTED BY HIS SON SAMUEL, PAYS A SMALLINSTALMENT OF RETALIATION TO THEACCOUNT OF THE REVEREND GENTLEMANWITH THE RED NOSE625Chapter XXXIVIS WHOLLY DEVOTED TO AFULL AND FAITHFUL REPORT OF THEMEMORABLE TRIAL OF BARDELL AGAINSTPICKWICK.648Chapter XXXVIN WHICH Mr. PICKWICK THINKSHE HAD BETTER GO TO BATH; AND GOESACCORDINGLY.682Chapter XXXVITHE CHIEF FEATURES OFWHICH WILL BE FOUND TO BE AN AUTHENTICVERSION OF THE LEGEND OF PRINCE BLADUD,AND A MOST EXTRAORDINARY CALAMITY THATBEFELL Mr. WINKLE.704Chapter XXXVIIHONOURABLY ACCOUNTS FORMr. WELLER’S ABSENCE, BY DESCRIBING ASOIREE TO WHICH HE WAS INVITED AND WENT;ALSO RELATES HOW HE WAS ENTRUSTED BYMr. PICKWICK WITH A PRIVATE MISSION OFDELICACY AND IMPORTANCE.720Chapter XXXVIII. HOW Mr. WINKLE, WHEN HE STEPPED OUT OF THE FRYING-PAN, WALKEDGENTLY AND COMFORTABLY INTO THE FIRE739Chapter XXXIXMr. SAMUEL WELLER, BEINGCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 10 INTRUSTED WITH A MISSION OF LOVE,PROCEEDS TO EXECUTE IT; WITH WHATSUCCESS WILL HEREINAFTER APPEAR758Chapter XLINTRODUCES Mr. PICKWICK TO ANEW AND NOT UNINTERESTING SCENE IN THEGREAT DRAMA OF LIFE..779Chapter XLIWHAT BEFELL Mr. PICKWICKWHEN HE GOT INTO THE FLEET; WHATPRISONERS HE SAW THERE, AND HOW HEPASSED THE NIGHT..797Chapter XLIIILLUSTRATIVE, LIKE THEPRECEDING ONE, OF THE OLD PROVERB, THATADVERSITY BRINGS A MAN ACQUAINTED WITHSTRANGE BEDFELLOWS?LIKEWISECONTAINING Mr. PICKWICK’S EXTRAORDINARYAND STARTLING ANNOUNCEMENT TO Mr.SAMUEL WELLER.815Chapter XLIIISHOWING HOW Mr. SAMUELWELLER GOT INTO DIFFICULTIES.836Chapter XLIVTREATS OF DIVERS LITTLEMATTERS WHICH OCCURRED IN THE FLEET,AND OF Mr. WINKLE’S MYSTERIOUSBEHAVIOUR; AND SHOWS HOW THE POORCHANCERY PRISONER OBTAINED HIS RELEASEAT LAST..855Chapter XLV. DESCRIPTIVE OF AN AFFECTING INTERVIEW BETWEEN Mr. SAMUEL WELLERCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 11 AND A FAMILY PARTY. Mr. PICKWICK MAKES ATOUR OF THE DIMINUTIVE WORLD HEINHABITS, AND RESOLVES TO MIX WITH IT, INFUTURE, AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE..874Chapter XLVIRECORDS A TOUCHING ACT OFDELICATE FEELING, NOT UNMIXED WITHPLEASANTRY, ACHIEVED AND PERFORMED BYMessrs. DODSON AND FOGG897Chapter XLVIIIS CHIEFLY DEVOTED TOMATTERS OF BUSINESS, AND THE TEMPORALADVANTAGE OF DODSON AND FOGG?Mr.WINKLE REAPPEARS UNDER EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES?Mr. PICKWICK’SBENEVOLENCE PROVES STRONGER THAN HISOBSTINACY.911Chapter XLVIIIRELATES HOW Mr. PICKWICK,WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF SAMUEL WELLER,ESSAYED TO SOFTEN THE HEART OF Mr.BENJAMIN ALLEN, AND TO MOLLIFY THEWRATH OF Mr. ROBERT SAWYER.928Chapter XLIXCONTAINING THE STORY OF THEBAGMAN’S UNCLE946Chapter LHOW Mr. PICKWICK SPED UPON HISMISSION, AND HOW HE WAS REINFORCED INTHE OUTSET BY A MOST UNEXPECTEDAUXILIARY..970Chapter LIIN WHICH Mr. PICKWICKCharles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 12ENCOUNTERS AN OLD ACQUAINTANCE?TOWHICH FORTUNATE CIRCUMSTANCE THE READER IS MAINLY INDEBTED FOR MATTER OF THRILLING INTEREST HEREIN SET DOWN, CONCERNING TWO GREAT PUBLIC MEN OF MIGHT AND POWER991Chapter LIIINVOLVING A SERIOUS CHANGE IN THE WELLER FAMILY, AND THE UNTIMELY DOWNFALL OF Mr. STIGGINS.1012Chapter LIIICOMPRISING THE FINAL EXIT OF Mr. JINGLE AND JOB TROTTER, WITH A GREAT MORNING OF BUSINESS IN GRAY’S INN SQUARE?CONCLUDING WITH A DOUBLEKNOCK AT Mr. PERKER’S DOOR..1029Chapter LIVCONTAINING SOME PARTICULARS RELATIVE TO THE DOUBLE KNOCK, AND OTHER MATTERS: AMONG WHICH CERTAIN INTERESTING DISCLOSURES RELATIVE TO Mr. SNODGRASS AND A YOUNG LADY ARE BY NO MEANS IRRELEVANT TO THIS HISTORY1047 Chapter LVMr. SOLOMON PELL, ASSISTED BY A SELECT COMMITTEE OF COACHMEN, ARRANGESTHE AFFAIRS OF THE ELDER Mr. WELLER..1069Chapter LVI. AN IMPORTANT CONFERENCETAKES PLACE BETWEEN Mr. PICKWICK ANDSAMUEL WELLER, AT WHICH HIS PARENTASSISTS?AN OLD GENTLEMAN IN A SNUFF-COLOURED SUIT ARRIVES UNEXPECTEDLY.1086Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 13Chapter LVIIIN WHICH THE PICKWICK CLUB ISFINALLY DISSOLVED, AND EVERYTHINGCONCLUDED TO THE SATISFACTION OFEVERYBODY1103Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 14Chapter ITHE PICKWICKIANShe first ray of light which illumines the gloom, andconverts into a dazzling brilliancy that obscurity in whichTthe earlier history of the public career of the immortalPickwick would appear to be involved, is derived from the perusal of the following entry in the Transactions of the Pickwick Club, which the editor of these papers feels the highest pleasure inlaying before his readers, as a proof of the careful attention,indefatigable assiduity, and nice discrimination, with which his search among the multifarious documents confided to him hasbeen conducted.‘May 12, 1827. Joseph Smiggers, Esq., P.V.P.M.P.C. [Perpetual Vice-President?Member Pickwick Club], presiding. The following resolutions unanimously agreed to:?‘That this Association has heard read, with feelings of unmingled satisfaction, and unqualified approval, the paper communicated by Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C. [General Chairman?Member Pickwick Cl ub], entitled “Speculations on the Source of the Hampstead Ponds, with some Observations on the Theory of Tittlebats;” and that this Association does hereby return its warmest thanks to the said Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., for the same.‘That while this Association is deeply sensible of the advantages which must accrue to the cause of science, from the production to which they have just adverted?no less than from the unwearied Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 15 researches of Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., in Hornsey, Highgate, Brixton, and Camberwell?they cannot but entertain a lively sense of the inestimable benefits which must inevitably result from carrying the speculations of that learned man into awider field, from extending his travels, and, consequently, enlarging his sphere of observation, to the advancement of knowledge, and the diffusion of learning.‘That, with the view just mentioned, this Association has taken into its serious consideration a proposal, emanating from the aforesaid, Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., and three other Pickwickians hereinafter named, for forming a new branch of United Pickwickians, under the title of The Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club.‘That the said proposal has received the sanction and approvalof this Association. ‘That the Corresponding Society of the Pickwick Club is therefore hereby constituted; and that Samuel Pickwick, Esq., G.C.M.P.C., Tracy Tupman, Esq., M.P.C.,Augustus Snodgrass, Esq., M.P.C., and Nathaniel Winkle, Esq.,M.P.C., are hereby nominated and appointed members of thesame; and that they be requested to forward, from time to time, authenticated accounts of their journeys and investigations, of their observations of character and manners, and of the whole of their adventures, together with all tales and papers to which local scenery or associations may give rise, to the Pickwick Club, stationed in London.‘That this Association cordially recognises the principle of everymember of the Corresponding Society defraying his own travelling expenses; and that it sees no objection whatever to the members of the said society pursuing their inquiries for any length of time they Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 16please, upon the same terms.‘That the members of the aforesaid Corresponding Society be,and are hereby informed, that their proposal to pay the postage of their letters, and the carriage of their parcels, has been deliberated upon by this Association: that this Association considers such proposal worthy of the great minds from which it emanated, and that it hereby signifies its perfect acquiescence therein.’A casual observer, adds the secretary, to whose notes we are indebted for the following account?a casual observer might possibly have remarked nothing extraordinary in the bald head, and circular spectacles, which were intently turned towards his the secretary’s face, during the reading of the above resolutions: to those who knew that the gigantic brain of Pickwick wasworking beneath that forehead, and that the beaming eyes of Pickwick were twinkling behind those glasses, the sight was indeed an interesting one. There sat the man who had traced to their source the mighty ponds of Hampstead, and agitated the scientific world with his Theory of Tittlebats, as calm andunmoved as the deep waters of the one on a frosty day, or as asolitary specimen of the other in the inmost recesses of an earthen jar. And how much more interesting did the spectacle become,when, starting into full life and animation, as a simultaneous call for ‘Pickwick’ burst from his followers, that illustrious man slowlymounted into the Windsor chair, on which he had been previously seated, and addressed the club himself had founded. What a study for an artist did that exciting scene present! The eloquentPickwick, with one hand gracefully concealed behind his coat tails, and the other waving in air to assist his glowing declamation; his elevated position revealing those tights and gaiters, which, had Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 17they clothed an ordinary man, might have passed withoutobservation, but which, when Pickwick clothed them?if we mayuse the expression?inspired involuntary awe and respect;surrounded by the men who had volunteered to share the perils of his travels, and who were destined to participate in the glories of his discoveries. On his right sat Mr. Tracy Tupman?the toosusceptible Tupman, who to the wisdom and experience ofmaturer years superadded the enthusiasm and ardour of a boy inthe most interesting and pardonable of human weaknesses?love.Time and feeding had expanded that once romantic form; theblack silk waistcoat had become more and more developed; inchby inch had the gold watch-chain beneath it disappeared from within the range of Tupman’s vision; and gradually had the capacious chin encroached upon the borders of the white cravat: but the soul of Tupman had known no change?admiration of thefair sex was still its ruling passion. On the left of his great leader sat the poetic Snodgrass, and near him again the sporting Winkle; the former poetically enveloped in a mysterious blue cloak with a canine-skin collar, and the latter communicating additional lustre to a new green shooting-coat, plaid neckerchief, and closely-fitted drabs.Mr. Pickwick’s oration upon this occasion, together with the debate thereon, is entered on the Transactions of the Club. Both bear a strong affinity to the discussions of other celebrated bodies; and, as it is always interesting to trace a resemblance between the proceedings of great men, we transfer the entry to these pages. ‘Mr. Pickwick observed says the secretary that fame was dearto the heart of every man. Poetic fame was dear to the heart of his friend Snodgrass; the fame of conquest was equally dear to his Charles Dickens ElecBook ClassicsThe Pickwick Papers 18friend Tupman; and the desire of earning fame in the sports of thefield, the air, and the water was uppermost in the breast of his friend Winkle. He Mr. Pickwick would not deny that he wasinfluenced by human passions and human feelings cheers?possibly by human weaknesses loud cries of “No”; but this hewould say, that if ever the fire of self-importance broke out in his bosom, the desire to benefit the human race in preferenceeffectually quenched it. The praise of mankind was his swing;philanthropy was his insurance office. Vehement cheering. Hehad felt some pride?he acknowledged it freely, and let hisenemies make the most of it?he had felt some pride when hepresented his Tittlebatian Theory to the world; it might becelebrated or it might not. A cry of “It is,” and great cheering. Hewould take the assertion of that honourable Pickwickian whosevoice he had just heard?it was celebrated; but if the fame of that treatise were to extend to the farthest confines of the knownworld, the pride with which he should reflect on the authorship of that production would be as nothing compared with the pride with which he looked around him, on this, the proudest moment of his existen ce. Cheers. He was a humble individual. “No, no.” Still he could not but feel that they had selected him for a service of great honour, and of some danger. Travelling was in a troubledstate, and the minds of coachmen were unsettled. Let them lookabroad and contemplate the scenes which were enacting aroundthem. Stage-coaches were upsetting in all directions, horses。