生物工程专业英语期末复习资料

单词：metabolic 新陈代谢的，fossil fuel 化石燃料，degrade 降解，fiber 纤维，cotton 棉花，wool 羊毛，hygienic 卫生的detergent 清洁剂，antibiotics 抗生素，component 组分，biodegradability 生物可降解性，intrinsic 固有的，perturb 扰动，thermochemistry 热化学，Biocatalysis 生物催化，enzyme 酶，genetics 遗传学，methodology 方法学，cellular 细胞的，extracellular 胞外的，isotope 同位素，Biotin 生物素，antibiotic 抗生素，penicillin 青霉素,2-oxoglutarate a酮戊二酸，trigger 引发，Flux 通量，transformant 转化株，plasmid 质粒，homologous 同源的，heterologous 异源的deficient 缺陷的，strain 菌株，sensitivity 灵敏度，steady state 稳态，infinitesimal 无穷小的，activity 活力，，mechanism 机制，attenuation 衰减，perturbation紊乱，kinetic 动力学的，glutamate 谷氨酸，composition 组分，medium培养基，perculture 预培养，deionize 去除离子，vitamin 维生素，soybean大豆，protein蛋白质，hydrolysate 水解产物，cholramphenicol 氯霉素，Kanamaycin 卡那霉素，batch 间歇式，fermentor发酵罐，dissolve溶解，oxygen 氧，concerntration浓度，agitation搅拌，revolution 旋转，aeration通气，buffer缓冲液，Sonication 超声波破碎法，supernatant上层液，absorption光吸收值，Branch point 分支点，glucose 葡萄糖，normalize 规格化，consumption 消耗，growth phas 生长期，specific activity 比活力，coefficient 系数，upstream 上游的，lysine 赖氨酸，inoculate 接种，agar 琼脂，bacteriophage 噬菌体，facultative兼性的，assimilate 吸收，saccharide糖类，fructose 果糖，ethanol乙醇，methanol甲醇，glycerol甘油，urea尿素，peptone蛋白胨，copper铜，aqueous水的，eluent 洗脱液，Phosphate 磷酸盐，redox 氧化还原，，modification修饰，host寄主，intermediate 中间体，respiration呼吸，consumption消耗，kinase激酶，isomerase异构酶，bisphophate 二磷酸盐，mass balance质量平衡，genome基因组，genomic基因组的，glycolysis糖消解，high throughput高通量，sequence测序仪，evolutionary进化的，tag标记，transcription转录，transduction传导，array阵列，proteomice蛋白组学，affinity亲和力，counterpart 对照物，amino acid氨基酸，promoter启动子，ligate链接，vector载体，plasmid质粒，base pair碱基对，homology同源性，codon密码子，excise切割下，primer引物，region区段，amplificatio 扩增，transform转化，template模板，strand链，SDS-PAGE十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，ORF coding 开放阅读框架编码，polymer聚合物，sterilize消毒，inoculate接种，batch fermentation间歇式发酵，continuous fermentation连续是发酵，recombinant重组子，secretion分泌，variant变体，in situ 原地，in vivo体内，ribosome核糖体，interface界面，crosslinking交联，entrapment包埋，encapsulation胶囊化，residue残基，cationic阳离子的，culture broth培养液，stabilization 稳定，hydrolytic水解的，actone丙酮，aromatic芳香族的，sediment沉淀，chiral 手性，pesticide 杀虫剂，aseptic无菌的，impair削弱，atringent严厉，shelf life贮存期，continuous stirred tank reactor连续搅拌釜式反应器，vessel容器，foam breaker 消泡器，condensate冷凝水，cascade control级联控制，ratio control 比率控制，feed forward control 前馈控制，parameter参数，carbon dioxide二氧化碳，hydrophilic polymers亲水聚合物，aqueous水质的，tissue组织，carbohydrate碳水化合物，density 密度，solubility溶解度，extraction萃取，centrifugation离心，filtration过滤，solvent溶剂，solute溶质，membrane 膜，adsorption吸附，evaporation 蒸发，sublimation 升华，vaporisation气化，dehydration 脱水，distillation蒸馏，latent heat潜热，streamlined层流的，turbulent湍流的，hyperfiltration 超滤，dialysis透析，electrophoresis电泳，flocculation絮凝，flotation浮选，milling碾碎，lysis细胞裂解，lipophilic亲脂的，crystallization结晶，chromatographic层析法的，heterotrophic 异养的，lag phase迟滞期，exponential growth phase指数期，stationary phase稳定期，deathphase衰亡期，specific growth rate比生长速率课后习题：1.以间歇式操作方式培养大肠杆菌XN-1。

使用5L的发酵罐，装液容量为3L。

温度控制在32度，用28%的氨水调节PH维持在7.0左右。

以每分钟180转的搅拌速度控制溶解氧浓度为3.0mg/L。

通气量控制在r2 vvm。

葡萄糖的初始浓度为20g/L，玉米浆初始浓度为15g/L. All cultivations were carried out in the batch mode.A 5L jar fermentor with a liquid working volume of 3L was used for cultivation.The temperature was controlled at 32 @,and the PH was maintained at 7.0 by adding 28%ammonia water.The dissolved oxygen concentration was maintained at above 3.0mg/L,by controlling the agitation speed in the range 180 revolutions per liter liquid volume per minute .The initial glucose was added intermittently.2.作为碳源，有糖类，如葡萄糖，果糖，蔗糖，糖蜜，淀粉和淀粉水解物；有机酸，如乙酸，富马酸，柠檬酸；醇类，如乙醇，甲醇和甘油。

As the carbon sources,saccharides such as glucase,fructose,sucrose,molasses,starch and starch hydrolyzate organic acids such as acetic acid,fumaric acid and citric acid,and alcohols such as ethanol,methanol and glycerol can be used.3.作为氮源，有氨水无机铵盐，如氯化铵，硫化铵，醋酸铵，磷酸铵；有机铵盐，如富马胺；胺，如乙胺；含氮化合物，如尿素；含氮有机物，如蛋白胨，肉膏，酵母膏，玉米浆，酪蛋白水解物，豆饼及水解物，氨基酸和核苷酸发酵生产的废细胞及其降解物。

As the nitrogen sources, ammonia, inorganic ammonium salts such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate ammonium acetate and ammonium phosphate,organic,ammonium salts such as ammonium fumarate,amines such as ethylamine nitrogen-containing compounds such as urea,and nitrogenous organic substances such as peptone, meat extract,yeast extract,corn steep liquor, casein hydrolyzate, soybean and cakes and hydrolyzate thereof,and waste cells used for amino acid and nucleotide fermentation and its digested product thereof can be used.4.作为无机盐，有磷酸二氢钾，磷酸氢二钾，磷酸酶，硫酸镁，氯化钠，硫酸亚铁，硫酸锰，硫酸铜和碳酸钙。