2012年专四语法成分分析题详解

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2012年英语专四真题及答案完整版绝对完整

2012专四听写参考答案Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables，and we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are a lot of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit the local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.2012专四听力参考答案说明：由于是一次性听力并作答，没有反复斟酌，不能保证答案百分百正确，但是能保证百分之九十以上正确。

2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析

2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析TEXTA1. “Ta”, originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also commonly used in informal situations, along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”. 【分析】本句为并列宾语句，句子主干结构为“Ta”was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also used in informal situations。

originated from the Danish word “tak”作后置定语修饰“Ta”；along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”作伴随状语。

【译文】从丹麦语“tak”演变而来的俚语“ta（谢谢）”，是受欢迎程度位居第二的答谢用语，它和其他诸如“nice one（你真好）”和“brilliant（太棒了）”等表达一样经常在非正式场合中使用。

2. For example, words like “awesome”, “brilliant”and “you star”featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks. 【分析】本句为and 引导的并列复合句。

两个分句的主干分别为：words featured highly in the new poll 和they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks。

2012年英语专四真题及问题详解

PART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people.Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years. This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another. Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line. On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed.(37)____，earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____.Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth. They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be so violent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning. There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world. This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous. In 1985 the Colombian volcanoNevado del Ruiz erupted. The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below. Twenty thousand people died. Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable. We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen. In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen.This could(50)____ many lives.31.A.massive B.significant C.great D.grand32.A.changed B.converted C.destroyed D.transformed33.A.frequently B.continuously C.regularly D.periodically34.A.source B.reason C.movement D.cause35.A.collides with B.confronts with C.meets with D.faces with36.A.how B.why C.when D.what37.A.Generally B.However C.Similarly D.Anyway38.A.that B.it C.this D.which39.A.unpredictable B.unaccountable C.inevitable D.irresistible40.A.surface B.appearance C.crust D.cover41.A.flowed out B.burst out C.1eaked out D.trickled out42.A.or B.and C.nor D.but43.A.like B.for C.as D.that44.A.living B.active C.alive D.live45.A.relatively B.hardly C.still D.gradually46.A.down B.on C.across D.beyond47.A.are to B.should C.must D.might48.A.else B.even C.though D.whether49.A.accidents B.incidents C.occasions D.events50.A.rescue B.save C.preserve D.shelter2012年英语专四完形填空答案31) massive32) destroyed33) continuously34) cause35) collides with36) when37) However38) which39) unpredictable40) crust41) burst out42) or43) that44) active45) still46) down47) might48) even49) events50) savePART IV GRAMMAR &VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D.Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.B.No one except his supporters agree with him.C.Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.D.Few students in my class are really lazy.52.Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A.many aB.fewC.suchD.the next53.Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress.B.The manager herself will interview Mary.C.I have nothing to say for myself.D.They quarreled themselves red in the face.54.My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch.A.be sentB.were sentC.were to be sentD.must be sent55.Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A.By now she will be eating dinner.B.I shall never do that again.C.My brother will help you with the luggage.D.You shall get a promotion.56.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.How strange feelings they are!B.How dare you speak to me like that!C.What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57.which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A.We never doubt that her brother is honest.B.The problem is not who will go but who will stay.C.You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。

2012大学德语专四真题解析

2012年全国高校德语专业四级考试总结及试题分析2012年全国德语专业四级考试于6月8日顺利进行。

全国有97所院校共计4691名学生参加考试。

其中，A类学校50所，B类学校20所，C类学校17所，D类学校10所。

（A类为公办本一院校，B类为公办本二院校，C类为民办本二、本三院校，D类大专院校）考试试题分析1. 听写（满分10分）2012年应届考生中：A类应届生平均成绩为5.76分，B类应届生平均成绩为4.03分，C类应届生平均成绩为2.62分, D类应届生平均成绩为1.91分。

今年听写为新考纲的听写试题，全部均分达到3.58分。

虽然相对于以往听写成绩总体有一定的提高，但听写仍然是一个弱项，需要加强。

在命题方面，按照新修订的考试大纲要求选题。

所选短文为两段：第一段（A部分）为完型填词，即听写8个单词；第二段（B部分）为语句听写。

Ａ部分用正常语速念三遍。

Ｂ部分第一遍用正常语速朗读；第二遍朗读时语速略慢，长句分段读，并读出标点符号；最后一遍用正常语速朗读。

基础扎实的学生能够听懂并完成听写。

但如果考生对全文总体把握不够，不能完全听懂，或虽然听懂句子，但在具体细节方面失误较多，从而造成失分的情况。

在阅卷评分方面，完型填词听写8个单词，每空0.5分。

该部分要求考生完全正确写出所缺的单词，有任何错误均不能得分。

语句听写6分，每个错误点计0.25分。

正字法错误及标点符号错误每2个错误点扣0.25分。

累计超过24个以上错误点，该部分不得分。

听写采用“计算错误点”和“累计扣分”相结合的评分方法。

听写原文：A) Füllen Sie die Lücken!Im Restaurant bestellt sie einen Salat, er 1) bevorzugt ein Steak mit 2) Bratkartoffeln. Sie trifft sich mit ihrer Freundin im indischen Restaurant, er 3) mag es deftig. In kaum einem Bereich des alltäglichen Lebens gehen das 4) Verhalten und die 5) Gewohnheiten von Mann und Frau so weit auseinan- der wie beim Essen. Das hat zwar auch mit 6) biologischen Unterschieden zu tun, mehr doch mit 7) Traditionen und 8) Vorurteilen.B) Schreiben Sie den Text Satz für Satz.Männer bevorzugen Schnitzel, Steaks und fette Wurst, Frauen essen am liebsten Salat und Gemüse. Das ist kein Vorurteil: Untersuchungen der Gesellschaft für Ernährung bestätigen in regelmäßigen Abständen die große V orliebe des starken Geschlechts für Fleisch. Vergleicht man den jährlichen Pro-Kopf-Verbrauch vonbestimmten Lebensmittelgruppen, so zeigt sich: Deutsche Männer konsumieren im Durchschnitt weniger Obst und weniger Gemüse, dafür jedoch mehr Fleisch und Milchprodukte, Frauen reagieren eher als Männer auf neue Erkenntnisse über nützliche und schädliche Lebensmittel und ernähren sich gesünder.今年听写试题有新的变化，考生总体成绩有所提高。

2012年专业英语四级语法题详解

2012年专业英语四级语法题解51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him. (度量衡作主语，意义一致，三单)B. No one except his supporters agree with him. （可采取就近原则，也可和No one 一致）C. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party. （只能就近原则，和I保持一致）D. Few students in my class are really lazy. （语法一致，和students一致）选【C】。

52. Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns （可数单数）and plural count nouns（可数复数）?A. many aB. fewC. suchD. the next选【D】。

many a/ more than one/such a(n)/ each/ every/either/ neither/ one/ a(n)/another +book(单数)。

(a) few/many/several/ these/ those/ two/both/ another two/ a great number of + books。

such a(n)+book(单数)；such bread（不可数）; such books（复数）; no such book(单数) (no=not a)。

the next meeting /meetings(可数单数/复数)下一次会议/随后的几次会议53. Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A. He promised himself rapid progress. （S +V +O i himself +O d）B. The manager herself will interview Mary. (S+同位语herself +V +O)C. I have nothing to say for myself. (S +V +O +不定式定语+介词+O myself)D. They quarreled themselves red in the face. (S +V +O themself +O.C)选【B】。

专四语法分析表2012年

61
状语从句表原因的用法
62
让步状语从句
63
So I do表示加强语气的用法
64
引导让步状语从句的for all
65
集体名词的单复数
66
固定搭配：on acc名词词义考察
68
固定搭配动词+介词词组catch on流行
69
形容词词义考察
70
固定搭配：be badly off穷困，缺少
2012年专四语法词汇题总结
题号
语法点（有几个列几个）
51
主谓一致
52
such限定词可以放在可数名词单复数之前
53
反身代词做同位语
54
Order引导的从句使用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形
55
情态助动词的表意愿的用法
56
感叹句的用法
57
形式主语从句
58
语法成分宾语的判断
59
同位语成分判断
60
Shall we表建议的用法
77
固定短语：tossed (a coin)（抛一枚硬币）
78
固定搭配: be distinct from与…非常不同
79
句子逻辑语义判断选词：oblong (长方形)
80
固定搭配：have a quiet word with sb．单独或私下和某人说说话
71
词语uncaring (=indifferent)的词义考察
72
四个名词词义辨析：living memory
73
固定搭配：putting across (=express)
74
逻辑语义判断选词
75
近义词辨析：abolished (slavery)（废除奴隶制度）

(推荐下载)专四语法之句子成分

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句子分析新增题型有句子成分、句意理解及语法功能.一、句子成分句子成分术语： subject主语, predicate谓语， object宾语, dual object双宾语, direct object直接宾语, indirect object间接宾语， complex object复合宾语, cognate object同源宾语， complement补语， subject complement主补，object complement宾补，predicative表语，attribute定语, appositive同位语， adverbial状语， clause从句， nominal clause名词从句, attributive clause/ relative clause定语从句， adverbial clause状语从句，object clause宾语从句， subject clause主语从句， appositive clause同位语从句, adverbial clause of time时间状语从句, adverbial clause of place 地点状语从句, adverbial clause of manner方式从句， adverbial clause of concession让步状语从句, adverbial clause of cause原因状语从句，adverbial clause of result结果状语从句, adverbial clause of purpose目的状语从句, adverbial clause of condition条件状语从句如：Which of the italicized parts functions as an object？A.He doesn’t like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.B.It is no use your pretending not to know the matter。

2012年英语专业四级语法试题及答案

There‎are thirt‎y sente‎n ces in this secti‎o n. Benea‎t h each sente‎n ce there‎are four words‎or phras‎e s marke‎d A, B, C and D. Choos‎e one word or phras‎e that best compl‎e tes the sente‎n ce. Mark your answe‎r s on Answe‎r Sheet‎Two.51．B．No one excep‎t his suppo‎r ters‎agree‎with him51. Which‎of the follo‎w ing sente‎n ces is INCOR‎R ECT? BA. Twent‎y miles‎seems‎like a long walk to him.B. No one excep‎t his suppo‎r ters‎agree‎with him.C. Few stude‎n ts in my class‎are reall‎y lazy.D. Neith‎e r Julia‎nor I were going‎to the party‎.52. Which‎of the follo‎w ing deter‎m iner‎s can be place‎d befor‎e both singu‎l ar count‎nouns‎and plura‎l count‎nouns‎?A. many aB. fewC. the nextD. such53. Which‎of the follo‎w ing refle‎x ive prono‎u ns is used as an appos‎i tive‎?A. He promi‎s ed himse‎l f rapid‎progr‎e ss.B. The manag‎e r herse‎l f will inter‎v iew Mary.C. I have nothi‎n g to say for mysel‎f.D. They quarr‎e led thems‎e lves‎red in the face.54. My boss order‎e d that the legal‎docum‎e nts ____ to him befor‎e lunch‎.A. be sentB. were sentC. were to be sentD. must be sent55. Which‎of the follo‎w ing sente‎n ces expre‎s ses WILLI‎N GNES‎S?A. By now she will be eatin‎g dinne‎r.B. I shall‎never‎do that again‎.C. You shall‎get a promo‎t ion.D. My broth‎e r will help you with the lugga‎g e.56. Which‎of the follo‎w ing sente‎n ces is INCOR‎R ECT?A. How stran‎g e feeli‎n gs they are!B. How dare you speak‎to me like that!C. What noise‎they are makin‎g!D. What a mess we are in!57. Which‎of the itali‎c ized‎parts‎funct‎i ons as a subje‎c t?A．We never‎doubt‎that her broth‎e r is hones‎t．B．The probl‎e m is not who will go but who will stay．C．You must give it back to whome‎v er it belon‎g s to.D．It is clear‎that the crime‎was done delib‎e rate‎l y．58．Which‎of the itali‎c ized‎parts‎funct‎i ons as an objec‎t?A．He doesn‎’t‎like‎the‎idea‎of my speak‎i ng at the meeti‎n g．B．It is no use your prete‎n ding‎not to know the matte‎r．C．Her falli‎n g into the river‎was the clima‎x of the whole‎trip．D．My paren‎t s stron‎g ly objec‎t to my going‎out alone‎at night‎．59．All the follo‎w ing sente‎n ces have an appos‎i tive‎EXCEP‎TA．Only one probl‎e m still‎remai‎n s—the food．B．She bough‎t herse‎l f a pair of new shoes‎．C．My frien‎d s all under‎s tand‎and suppo‎r t me．D．She liked‎her curre‎n t job, teach‎i ng Engli‎s h．60．Which‎of the follo‎w ing best expla‎i ns the meani‎n g of “Shall‎we buy the ticke‎t s first‎”? A．He said that we were going‎to buy the ticke‎t s first‎．B．He reque‎s ted that we buy the ticke‎t s first‎．C．He sugge‎s ted that we buy the ticke‎t s first‎．D．He advis‎e d us to buy the ticke‎t s first‎．61. Which‎of the follo‎w ing conta‎i ns an adver‎b ial claus‎e of cause‎?A．I got a job as soon as I left unive‎r sity‎．B．As there‎was no answe‎r, I wrote‎again‎．C．You must do the exerc‎i ses as I show you．D．Wealt‎h y as he is，Mark is not a happy‎man．62. Which‎of the follo‎w ing prepo‎s itio‎n al phras‎e s can funct‎i on as an adver‎b ial?A．Despi‎t e the rain, every‎o ne enjoy‎e d the trip．B．The man with a beard‎is talki‎n g to the manag‎e r.C．Every‎preca‎u tion‎was taken‎again‎s t the failu‎r e of the plan．D．Are you sure of Simon‎'s disap‎p eara‎n ce?63. A: Mothe‎r, you promi‎s ed to take me out.B: Well, _____‎A. so do IB. so did I.C. so I do!D. so I did!64. Which‎of the follo‎w ing prepo‎s itio‎n al phras‎e s is an adver‎b ial of conce‎s sion‎?A. They used the box for keepi‎n g treas‎u res.B. I stepp‎e d aside‎for her to get in first‎.C. For all that he seems‎to disli‎k e me, I still‎like him.D. The paren‎t s bough‎t a birth‎d ay cake for their‎son.65. Which‎of the follo‎w ing sente‎n ces is INCOR‎R ECT?A. New machi‎n ery were intro‎d uced‎in the facto‎r y.B. Poult‎r y are very expen‎s ive in the city.C. The polic‎e are inves‎t igat‎i ng the murde‎r case.D. The milit‎i a were calle‎d out to rescu‎e flood‎victi‎m s.Keys :51．B．No one excep‎t his suppo‎r ters‎agree‎with him52．D．such53．B．The manag‎e r herse‎l f will inter‎v iew Mary．54．A．be sent55．C．You shall‎get a promo‎t ion．56．A．How stran‎g e feeli‎n gs they are!57．D．It is clear‎that the crime‎was done delib‎e rate‎l y58．D．My paren‎t s stron‎g ly objec‎t to my going‎out alone‎at night‎．59．B．She bough‎t herse‎l f a pair of shoes‎．60．B．He reque‎s ted we buy the ticke‎t s first‎．61．B．As there‎were no answe‎r, I wrote‎again‎．62．A．Despi‎t e the rain, every‎o ne enjoy‎e d the trip．63．D．so I did．64．C．For all that he seems‎to disli‎k e me, I still‎like him．65．A．New machi‎n ery were intro‎d uced‎in the facto‎r y．。

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2012年英语专业四级考试语法新题详解
(TEM4-2012-51) [译文] 以下哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查主谓一致。

A项中，当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词是，可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式；B项中，当单数主语后跟有with, along with, together with, except等引导的介词短语时，其谓语动词应根据语法一致原则采用单数形式，但在非正式语体中，也可根据就近原则来决定随后动词的形式，所以本选项中根据复数supporters使用agree；D项中，few修饰可数名词的复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但是C项中，由or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…连接的并列主语的主谓一致，按就近原则处理，故本题答案为C。

(TEM4-2012-52) [译文] 下列哪个限定词既可放在单数名词之前，也可放在复数名词之前？
[解析] 本题考查限定词。

many a虽表示“许多”，但其后只能接单数名词；few后接可数名词复数，表示“些许”了；such可修饰复可数名词和不可数名词，如such results，如no such thing，修饰单数可数名词时需要加上不定冠词，如such a place；the next既可以修饰单数可数名词，也可以修饰复数可数名词，如the next day, the next meetings。

D为本题的正确答案。

(TEM4-2012-53) [译文] 下列哪个反身代词用作同位语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

A项himself充当宾语；C项充当介词宾语；D项充当宾语；只有B项充当同位语，可译为“经理将亲自面试玛丽。

”B为本题的正确答案。

(TEM4-2012-55) [译文] 以下哪个句子表示“意愿”？
[解析] 本题考查情态动词。

A项中，根据by now，will表示“预见”，此处表示对某种必然进程的揣想，“现在她一定在吃饭”；B项中，shall表坚强信念和决心，一般用于第一人称主语，“我绝不会做那件事儿”；D项中，shall表示“允诺”，一般用于第二、三人称作主语，表示的并不是主语的意愿，而是主动的承诺，实际上是我将提拔你，“你可以得到晋升”；C项中，will表示“愿意”。

C为本题的正确答案。

(TEM4-2012-56) [译文] 以下哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查感叹句。

感叹句的主要形式有：How + adj. ( + a/an + 名词单数) + 主语+ 谓语；What + a/an + adj. + 名词单数，What + adj. + 名词复数，What + adj. + 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语。

选A。

(TEM4-2012-57) [译文] 下列哪项中的斜体部分充当主语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

A项that从句为及物动词doubt后的宾语从句；B项为系动词be后的表语从句；C项为介词to后的宾语从句；只有D项为主语从句，it为形式主语。

本题正确选项为D。

(TEM4-2012-58) [译文] 下列哪项中的斜体部分充当宾语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

B项为主语，it是形式主语；D项为主语；A项是迷惑项，斜体部分为整个of 引出的介词短语，充当the idea的定语。

请注意C项：动词object后需搭配to方能接宾语，to此处为介词，故本项中的斜体部分为介词to的宾语。

本题正确选项为C。

(TEM4-2012-59) [译文]下列句子除了________都包含同位语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

B项中破折号后的the food为主语only one problem的同位语；C项代词all为主语my friends的同位语；D项逗号后的teaching English为剧中宾语her current job的同位语；只有A项反身代词herself为双宾语动词bought的间接宾语。

故应选A。

(TEM4-2012-60) [译文] 下列哪项为“Shall we buy the tickets first?”的最佳解释？
[解析] 本题考查情态动词。

Shall表示意图，在疑问句中是征询听话人的意见或意图，“我们先买票，好吗？”故应选C。

(TEM4-2012-61) [译文] 下列哪项中包含原因状语从句？
[解析] 本题考查状语从句。

A项为时间状语从句，“一……就……”；C项为方式状语从句，“按照……”；D项为让步状语从句，“尽管”；只有B项为as引导的原因状语从句。

故选B。

(TEM4-2012-62) [译文] 下列哪项中的介词短语充当状语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

A项介词短语为形容词sure的补语；B项为the man的定语；C项为主语every precaution的补语；D项为让步状语，“尽管下雨，大家的旅行还是很开心。

”本题答案为D。

(TEM4-2012-64) [译文]下列哪项中的介词短语是让步状语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。

A项for引导的介词短语充当目的状语；B项为目的状语；D项为for引出的间接宾语；C项为for all…表示“尽管”，为让步状语。

本题答案为C。

(TEM4-2012-65) [译文]下列哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查计划名词、主谓一致。

A项poultry（意为“家禽”）、C项police（作为若干个体来考虑）、D项militia（作为若干个体来考虑）作主语时，谓语动词用复数，此外还有vermin, cattle；只有machinery 作主语时谓语动词用单数，类似还有cutlery, jewellery, poetry, merchandise。

本题答案为B。