《化学专业英语》PPT课件
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化学专业英语ppt
palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
(6)
Cs: Ba: La: Hf: Ta: W: Re: Os: Ir:
caesium5 barium lanthanum hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium
Potassium
K
From the English word “potash” (pot ashes), the origin of the symbol K comes from the Latin word “kalium”.
Iron
Fe
From the Anglo-Saxon word “iron” or “iren”, the origin of the symbol Fe comes from the Latin word “ferrum” meaning “iron”.
Reference
/reports/provisional/abstract04/c onnelly_310804.html
IUPAC (the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) serves to advance the worldwide aspects of the chemical sciences and to contribute to the application of chemistry in the service of mankind. As a scientific, international, non-governmental and objective body, IUPAC can address many global issues involving the chemical sciences.
化学专业英语PPT课件
我们每个人的活动都牵涉到化学。我们洗浴、 做清洁、烹调食物。我们把一些化学制品用在 脸上、手上和头发上。
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Collectively, we use tens of thousands of consumer chemical products in our homes.
总起来说，我们在家庭中使用成千上万种 消费化学品。
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Knowledge of chemistry has already had a profound effect on the quality of life. Its impact on the future will be even more dprraomfoauntidc:.[prə’faund] adj. 深度的; 深切的; 深远的 dramatic:[drə’mætik] adj.戏剧性的, 激动人心的 化学知识已经对生活质量产生了深远的影响。 它对未来的影响将会更加激动人心。
malfunction: [mæl’fʌŋkʃən] n. 故障, 障碍 你的身体这个化工厂也产生它自己的能量。它发现 自己的故障，并能够再生和修复它的一些零部件。
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It senses changes in its environment and adapts to these changes. With the aid of a neighboring facility, this fabulous factory can create other factories much like itself.
化学对社会和个人都有影响。化学是生物学、保健科学、 农业科学和地球科学的语言和基本工具。
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Chemistry has illuminated the entire natural world; from the tiny atomic nucleus to the immense cosmos.
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Collectively, we use tens of thousands of consumer chemical products in our homes.
总起来说，我们在家庭中使用成千上万种 消费化学品。
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Knowledge of chemistry has already had a profound effect on the quality of life. Its impact on the future will be even more dprraomfoauntidc:.[prə’faund] adj. 深度的; 深切的; 深远的 dramatic:[drə’mætik] adj.戏剧性的, 激动人心的 化学知识已经对生活质量产生了深远的影响。 它对未来的影响将会更加激动人心。
malfunction: [mæl’fʌŋkʃən] n. 故障, 障碍 你的身体这个化工厂也产生它自己的能量。它发现 自己的故障，并能够再生和修复它的一些零部件。
第11页/共31页
It senses changes in its environment and adapts to these changes. With the aid of a neighboring facility, this fabulous factory can create other factories much like itself.
化学对社会和个人都有影响。化学是生物学、保健科学、 农业科学和地球科学的语言和基本工具。
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Chemistry has illuminated the entire natural world; from the tiny atomic nucleus to the immense cosmos.
化学专业英语课件
14
Naming compounds
1. Metal oxide
Metal oxide = Cation + oxide
for example:
FeO Fe2O3 Fe3O4 Pb3O4 Na2O2 Iron(II) oxide (Ferrous oxide) Iron(III) oxide (Ferric oxide) Ferroferric oxide Trilead tetroxide Sodium peroxide
Normal salt = Cation + anion
HgSO4 Hg2SO4 KNO3 Na2CO3 Mercury(II) sulfate Mercury(I) sulfate Potassium nitrate Sodium carbonate
NaClO
FeSO4 KMnO4
Sodium hypochlorite
NaNH4HPO4: sodium ammonium hydrogenphosphate
23
5)水合盐：结晶水读做water或hydrate
如 AlCl3∙6H2O:
aluminum chloride 6-water
或 aluminum chloride hexahydrate AlK(SO4)2∙12H2O:
化合物的英文命名
Nomenclature of compounds
1
一 无机物的命名 (Inorganic compounds)
1 元素与单质的命名
“元素”和“单质”的英文意思都是“element”，有 时 为 了 区 别 ， 在 强 调 “ 单 质 ” 时 可 用 “ free element”。因此，单质的英文名称与元素的英文名 称是一样的。下面给出的既是元素的名称，同时又 是单质的名称。
Naming compounds
1. Metal oxide
Metal oxide = Cation + oxide
for example:
FeO Fe2O3 Fe3O4 Pb3O4 Na2O2 Iron(II) oxide (Ferrous oxide) Iron(III) oxide (Ferric oxide) Ferroferric oxide Trilead tetroxide Sodium peroxide
Normal salt = Cation + anion
HgSO4 Hg2SO4 KNO3 Na2CO3 Mercury(II) sulfate Mercury(I) sulfate Potassium nitrate Sodium carbonate
NaClO
FeSO4 KMnO4
Sodium hypochlorite
NaNH4HPO4: sodium ammonium hydrogenphosphate
23
5)水合盐：结晶水读做water或hydrate
如 AlCl3∙6H2O:
aluminum chloride 6-water
或 aluminum chloride hexahydrate AlK(SO4)2∙12H2O:
化合物的英文命名
Nomenclature of compounds
1
一 无机物的命名 (Inorganic compounds)
1 元素与单质的命名
“元素”和“单质”的英文意思都是“element”，有 时 为 了 区 别 ， 在 强 调 “ 单 质 ” 时 可 用 “ free element”。因此，单质的英文名称与元素的英文名 称是一样的。下面给出的既是元素的名称，同时又 是单质的名称。
化学专业英语 高教ppt
carbonic hypochloric periodic acid acid acid 碳酸 次氯酸 高碘酸
Some of the common methods used for decomposing and
dissolving samples for atomic absorption methods include treatment with hot mineral acids; oxidation with liquid reagents,
Abstract: Chemical studies of interaction between 6mercaptopurine (巯基嘌呤) and DNA were performed in this paper. It was found that both reduction and oxidation peak currents decreased and the peak potential also shifted positively with the increasing of time and DNA concentration, respectively. The result showed that the DNA reacted with 6-MP to form an electrochemical non-active complex. The composition of the complex was 1:1, with the combining constant of 5.17×106.
When copper and tin were heated together, the copper atoms and tin atoms linked up with metallic bonds, producing the alloy bronze, which is harder than either copper or tin. In the Bronze Age, starting at about 3600BC, the hardness of this metallic alloy made it the dominant material for tools and weapons. Bronze was the first metal that could hold a sharp edge.
化学专业英语--------有机物的命名ppt课件
3-Ethyl-2-methylhexane 4-ethyl-3,3-dimethylheptane
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复杂的烷烃命名时须注意分子中有两个等长碳链时，按以下原则进行比较： 1）带支链数目较多者为主链，例如：
2,3,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane
2）支链定位号较小者为主链
4-Isobutyl-2,5-dimethylheptane
32-Alkane 33-Alkane 34-Alkane 35-Alkane 36-Alkane
Dotriacontane Tritriacontane Tetratriacontane pentatriacontane Hexatriacontane
;.
5
40~90Alkane = Number prefix-contane
有机物的命名 只由碳和氢两种元素组成的有机化合物称为碳氢化合物，简称烃（hydrocarbon) 1 烷烃（alkanes） 1.1 直链烷烃 烃类化合物的命名是有机命名的基础。英文名称除了含1到4个碳原子以外，
其余均用希腊文和拉丁文的数词加上相应的词尾（-ane）来命名，10个碳原子以上的则 在数词前加前缀un、do、tri、tetra、penta等。 如：甲烷 methane 乙烷 ethane 丙烷 propane butane 戊烷 pentane 己烷 hexane 庚烷 heptane octane 壬烷 nonane 癸烷 decane 十一烷 undecane 十二烷 dodecane
heptane
;.
9
1.4 一些可采用普通命名的支链烷烃： 对取代的烷基也可以在相应的烃名前加“异”（iso-）、“新”（neo-）、“仲”(sec-)、“叔” （tert-) 等字命名。
11
复杂的烷烃命名时须注意分子中有两个等长碳链时，按以下原则进行比较： 1）带支链数目较多者为主链，例如：
2,3,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane
2）支链定位号较小者为主链
4-Isobutyl-2,5-dimethylheptane
32-Alkane 33-Alkane 34-Alkane 35-Alkane 36-Alkane
Dotriacontane Tritriacontane Tetratriacontane pentatriacontane Hexatriacontane
;.
5
40~90Alkane = Number prefix-contane
有机物的命名 只由碳和氢两种元素组成的有机化合物称为碳氢化合物，简称烃（hydrocarbon) 1 烷烃（alkanes） 1.1 直链烷烃 烃类化合物的命名是有机命名的基础。英文名称除了含1到4个碳原子以外，
其余均用希腊文和拉丁文的数词加上相应的词尾（-ane）来命名，10个碳原子以上的则 在数词前加前缀un、do、tri、tetra、penta等。 如：甲烷 methane 乙烷 ethane 丙烷 propane butane 戊烷 pentane 己烷 hexane 庚烷 heptane octane 壬烷 nonane 癸烷 decane 十一烷 undecane 十二烷 dodecane
heptane
;.
9
1.4 一些可采用普通命名的支链烷烃： 对取代的烷基也可以在相应的烃名前加“异”（iso-）、“新”（neo-）、“仲”(sec-)、“叔” （tert-) 等字命名。
大学化学专业英语PPT课件 第6章 chapter6
Exothermic processes : △H is negative Endothermic processes: △H is positive
2. Standard State and Standard Enthalpy Changes, Heats of Formation, and Heats of Combustion Standard state of sustance: at 1atm and a specified temperature (usually 298K) Standard enthalpy changes: H Standard enthalpy of fo.g.
A calorimeter with a Cp of 60 J/K was used to find the heat flow associated with the dissolution of 24 g of NaCl in 176g of water. The observed △T was -1.6K. The specific heat of the resulting NaCl solution is 3.64 J(K· g). What is the heat flow for this process?
4. Heats of Changes of state
solid liquid gas H (condensati on)
H (crystallization)
H ( sublimation) solid gas H (deposition )
H ( fusion )
H ( vaporizati on )
6.3 Measuring Heat
2. Standard State and Standard Enthalpy Changes, Heats of Formation, and Heats of Combustion Standard state of sustance: at 1atm and a specified temperature (usually 298K) Standard enthalpy changes: H Standard enthalpy of fo.g.
A calorimeter with a Cp of 60 J/K was used to find the heat flow associated with the dissolution of 24 g of NaCl in 176g of water. The observed △T was -1.6K. The specific heat of the resulting NaCl solution is 3.64 J(K· g). What is the heat flow for this process?
4. Heats of Changes of state
solid liquid gas H (condensati on)
H (crystallization)
H ( sublimation) solid gas H (deposition )
H ( fusion )
H ( vaporizati on )
6.3 Measuring Heat
化学相关专业英语ppt课件
3
what is chemistry and why is it important
Figure n. 数字；算术；人物；身材 vi. 计算；出现；扮演角色 vt. 计算在内；估计； 推测；认为
1 An organizational chart showing the relationship of the scientific discipline
content(英 ['kɒntent] 美 [ˈkɑ:ntent] n. 内容；（书等的）目录；满足；容量 [kənˈtent]
adj. 满足的，满意的；愿意的；心甘情愿的 ) is both information and
entertaining(entertainment 英 [ˌentəˈteɪnmənt] 美 [ˌentərˈteɪnmənt] n. 娱乐，消遣；
还要学习知识。
这本书领域无机，有机化学，物理化学，聚合物覆盖广泛的化学，超分子化学，材料化
学。它还包括化学术语的规则，以及如何有助于专业化学期刊。每个单元由第，词汇，
短语和翻译解释的困难。
10
Every article is carefully selected so that students can relate to their previous chemistry knowledge and learn new things during the study of English. Finally, an article entitled “Chemistry's Golden Age” and its Chinese translation are included for stimulating students interest in future chemistry.
what is chemistry and why is it important
Figure n. 数字；算术；人物；身材 vi. 计算；出现；扮演角色 vt. 计算在内；估计； 推测；认为
1 An organizational chart showing the relationship of the scientific discipline
content(英 ['kɒntent] 美 [ˈkɑ:ntent] n. 内容；（书等的）目录；满足；容量 [kənˈtent]
adj. 满足的，满意的；愿意的；心甘情愿的 ) is both information and
entertaining(entertainment 英 [ˌentəˈteɪnmənt] 美 [ˌentərˈteɪnmənt] n. 娱乐，消遣；
还要学习知识。
这本书领域无机，有机化学，物理化学，聚合物覆盖广泛的化学，超分子化学，材料化
学。它还包括化学术语的规则，以及如何有助于专业化学期刊。每个单元由第，词汇，
短语和翻译解释的困难。
10
Every article is carefully selected so that students can relate to their previous chemistry knowledge and learn new things during the study of English. Finally, an article entitled “Chemistry's Golden Age” and its Chinese translation are included for stimulating students interest in future chemistry.
化学英语课件
( )：
[ ]： { }：
rounds brackets, parenthese
square brackets braces
a>>b: a is much greater than b ab： a is greater than or equal to b
ab： a varies directly as b
P-block Element
IIIA B: boron Al: Aluminium Ga: Gallium In: Indium Tl: Thallium
IVA C: Si: Ge: Sn: Pb:
VA
Carbon Silicon Germanium Tin Lead
N: P: As: Sb: Bi:
3. fundamental constants
Symbol Quantity
e
F g
elementary charge
Faraday‘s constant gravitational acceleration
h
k NA R Vm
Planck‘s constant
Boltzmann‘s constant Avogadro‘s number molar gas constant gas molar volume
Nitrogen Phosphorus Arsenic Antimony Bismuth
P-block Element
VIA O: S: Se: Te: Po:
VIIA Oxygen Sulfur Selenium Tellurium Polonium
F: Fluorine Cl: Chlorine Br: Bromine I: Iodine At: Astatine