2017-2018学年曹杨二中高一上期中考化学试卷
上海市曹杨第二中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试化学试题(含答案)
上海市曹杨二中2024学年度第一学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷命题人：______审核人：____________试卷共6页2张考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、班级、学号等在指定位置填写清楚。
2．本试卷共有42道试题，满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
请考生用黑色水笔或钢笔将答案直接写在答题卷上。
3．标注不定项选择的每题有1～2个选项，其余未标注的为单选题。
可能用到的式量：H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 P-31 Cl-35.5一、氯化钠的电解（本题共24分）：电解熔融氯化钠可以制备钠单质，同时得到一种黄绿色气体单质。
［1.1］写出电解熔融氯化钠的反应方程式：______。
［1.2］从化学键角度看，上述反应中不涉及（）A.离子键的断裂B.极性共价键的断裂C.金属键的形成D.非极性共价键的形成［1.3］也可以选用熔融的进行电解，但发现生产钠的总能耗升高了。
如果电解熔融氯化钠与电解熔融氧化钠的工艺中，电能的消耗差不多，说明生产钠总能耗升高的原因。
________________________________________________________________________［1.4］有人仿照此工艺，尝试用电解熔融氯化铝的方式制备铝单质，但失败了。
分析他失败的原因。
________________________________________________________________________氯化钠溶液也能导电，如图所示，有人尝试电解氯化钠溶液制备钠单质，但最终只在阳极得到了黄绿色气体，在阴极得到了一种碱X 和一种无色气体Y 。
［1.5］写出碱X 的电离方程式：______。
［1.6］从化合价角度看，在化学反应中如果有元素化合价升高，必有元素化合价降低。
以此推断无色气体Y 应为（）A. B. C. D.HCl［1.7］实验时在阴、阳两极同时滴入酚酞，能够观察到的现象是（）A.阴极变红C.阳极变红B.阴极变蓝D.阳极变蓝2Na O 2H 2Cl 2O［1.8］如果在阳极得到了7.1g 气体，则理论上在两极能收集到的气体在标况下的总体积为______L 。
2017-2018高一(上)期中化学试卷
2017-2018高一（上）期中化学试卷一．选择题（共20小题，满分50分）1．（2分）向CuSO4溶液中加入H2O2溶液，很快有大量气体逸出，同时放热，一段时间后，蓝色溶液变为红色浑浊（Cu2O），继续加入H2O2溶液，红色浑浊又变为蓝色溶液，这个反应可以反复多次。
下列关于上述过程的说法不正确的是（）A．Cu2+是H2O2分解反应的催化剂B．H2O2既表现氧化性又表现还原性C．Cu2+将H2O2还原为O2D．发生了反应Cu2O+H2O2+4H+═2Cu2++3H2O2．（2分）过氧化氢溶液俗称双氧水，可用于环境和食品消毒．盛放过氧化氢溶液的试剂瓶上所贴的危险化学品标志是（）A． B．C．D．3．（2分）某实验小组利用如图装置制取少量氯化铝，已知氯化铝熔沸点都很低（178℃升华），且易水解。
下列说法中完全正确的一组是（）①氯气中含的水蒸气和氧化氢可通过盛有苛性的钠的干燥管除去②装置I中充满黄绿色气体后，再加热盛有A铝粉的硬质玻璃管③装置II是收集装置，用于收集氯化铝④装置III可盛放碱石灰也可盛放无水氯化钙，二者的作用相同⑤a处使用较粗的导气管实验时更安全A．①②B．②③⑤C．①④D．③④⑤4．（2分）已知在碱性溶液中可发生如下反应：2R（OH）3+3C1O﹣+4OH﹣=2RO4n ﹣+3Cl﹣+5H2O．关于该反应的说法正确的是（）A．RO4n﹣中R 的化合价是+6B．ClO﹣是还原剂C．由上述离子方程式可知，该反应是由氨水提供的碱性环境D．反应过程中生成1mol RO4n﹣，转移6mol e﹣5．（2分）将一小块金属钠放在坩埚里加热，实验现象描述正确的是（）①钠在燃烧之前先熔化②钠燃烧的火焰呈紫色③钠燃烧后得到白色固体④钠燃烧的火焰呈黄色⑤钠燃烧后生成物为淡黄色固体．A．①④⑤B．只有⑤C．只有①D．②③6．（2分）下列关于溶液和胶体的叙述，不正确的是（）A．溶液是电中性的，胶体也是不带电的B．实验室可用丁达尔现象鉴别胶体和溶液C．“雨后彩虹”既是一种自然现象又是光学现象，同时也与胶体有关D．在溶有1molFe（OH）3的胶体中，含有N A个Fe（OH）3胶粒7．（2分）下列说法正确的是（）A．HF、KOH、CH3COONa和Al2O3分别属于酸、碱、盐和酸性氧化物B．SO2、AgNO3和H2C2O4分别属于非电解质、强电解质和弱电解质C．K、Al、Cu可以分别用置换法、直接加热法和电解法冶炼得到D．H﹣+NH3=NH2﹣+H2属于置换反应8．（2分）下列实验操作中错误的是（）A．用规格为10mL的量筒量取6.2mL的液体B．如果没有试管夹，可以临时手持试管给固体或液体加热C．过滤时玻璃棒的末端应轻轻靠在三层滤纸上D．用药匙或者纸槽把粉末状药品送入试管的底部9．（2分）下列是某同学对相应反应的离子方程式所作的评价，其中对应的评价合理的是（）+A．A B．B C．C D．D10．（3分）在NO2与水的反应中，NO2（）A．是还原剂B．是氧化剂C．既是氧化剂又是还原剂D．既不是氧化剂又不是还原剂11．（3分）下列反应中，既属于氧化还原反应又属于离子反应的是（）A．碳酸钠与盐酸反应B．氧化铁与一氧化碳在高温下反应C．氧化铜与硫酸反应D．铝粉与硫酸铜溶液反应12．（3分）某种类型的心脏起搏器工作时发生下列反应：4Li+2SOCl2→4LiCl+S+SO2，下列有关判断正确的是（提示：SOCl2中S显+4价）（）A．还原剂只有LiB．SOCl2既是氧化剂又是还原剂C．还原产物包括LiCl和SD．生成1.12L SO2时，反应转移电子为0.2mol13．（3分）下列分子或离子在指定的分散系中能大量共存的一组是（）A．银氨溶液：Na+、K+、NO3﹣、NH3•H2OB．空气：C2H2、CO2、SO2、NOC．氢氧化铁胶体：H+、K+、S2﹣、Br﹣D．高锰酸钾溶液：H+、Na+、SO42﹣、Fe2+14．（3分）已知氧化性：Br2＞Fe3+＞I2，向含有a mol FeI2的溶液中加入含b mol Br2的溴水，下列判断或相应的离子方程式正确的是（）A．当a=2，b=1时，离子方程式为：2Fe2++Br2→2Fe3++2Br﹣B．如果反应后的溶液中存在c（Fe2+）=c（Fe3+），则＜＜1C．当a=1，b=2时，离子方程式为：2Fe2++4I﹣+3Br2→2Fe3++2I2+6Br﹣D．当a=2，2＜b＜3时，溶液中铁元素以两种离子形式存在，且一定是c（Fe3+）＞c（Fe2+）15．（3分）标准状态下，4.48L的C2H4和C2H6混合气体充分燃烧得到CO和CO2混合气体的密度为1.429g/L，则其中CO的体积为（）A．1.12L B．2.24L C．4.48L D．6.72L16．（3分）用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值．下列叙述中正确的是（）A．标准状况下，0.1mol Cl2溶于水，转移的电子数目为0.1N AB．标准状况下，33.6L氟化氢中含有氟原子的数目为1.5N AC．常温常压下，92g的NO2和N2O4混合气体含有的原子数为6N AD．10mL质量分数为98%的H2SO4溶液，用水稀释至100mL，H2SO4的质量分数为9.8%17．（3分）在下列氧化还原反应中，水既不作氧化剂又不作还原剂的是（）①2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2↑②2H2O2H2↑+O2↑③2F2+2H2O=O2+4HF④3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO⑤NaH+H2O=NaOH+H2↑⑥2Na2O2+2H2O=4NaOH+O2↑A．③④⑥B．②③⑤C．①②③⑤D．④⑥18．（3分）波义耳在《怀疑的化学家》一书中说：“在火的单独作用下，玻璃容器中的水银会丧失其原有的银色，变成一种红色物质；而无须使用任何附加试剂，用这种红色物质也可以得到汞”。
2025届上海市曹杨中学化学高一第一学期期中综合测试模拟试题含解析
2025届上海市曹杨中学化学高一第一学期期中综合测试模拟试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题（每题只有一个选项符合题意）1、实验室测定胆矾结晶水含量，不需要的仪器和用品是（）A．蒸发皿B．电子天平C．研钵D．干燥器2、设N A表示阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述正确的是A．标准状况下，4.48L水中含有水分子的数目为0.2N AB．1molFe与足量水蒸气反应转移的电子数目为3N AC．0.2mol/LCaCl2溶液中含有氯离子的数目为0.4N AD．32 g O2和O3的混合气体所含原子数为2N A3、N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是（）A．等物质的量的N2和CO所含分子数均为N AB．常温下，0.1molCuSO4·5H2O晶体中氧原子数目为0.4 N AC．N A个N2分子所占的体积与0.5N A个H2分子所占的体积比为2∶1D．常温下，1L 0.1mol·L-1的NH4NO3溶液中氮原子数为0.2N A4、有些电影、电视剧中的仙境美轮美奂，这些神话仙境中所需的烟雾是在放于温热石棉网上的NH4NO3和Zn粉的混合物中滴几滴水后产生的白烟：NH4NO3＋Zn===ZnO＋N2↑＋2H2O，下列有关说法中正确的是A．该反应中NH4NO3只作氧化剂B．该反应中只有两种元素化合价改变C．每消耗65克锌会产生22.4L N2D．ZnO是该反应的还原产物5、HClO属于A．电解质B．非电解质C．强酸D．氧化物6、下列关于ag H2和bg He 的说法正确的是A．同温同压下，H2和He的体积比是a:bB．同温同压下，若a=b，则H2与He的物质的量之比是2:1C．体积相同时，He 的质量一定大于H2的质量D．同温同压下，若二者的物质的量相等，其密度也相等7、下列物质中属于电解质的是（）A．乙醇B．苛性钠C．蔗糖D．金属铁8、下列说法中正确的是()A．标准状况下，22.4 L水中所含的分子数约为6.02×1023个B．1 mol Cl2中含有的原子数为N AC．标准状况下，aL氧气和氮气的混合物含有的分子数约为a22.4×6.02×1023个D．常温常压下，11.2 L CO分子数是0.5N A9、在下列条件下，两瓶气体所含的原子数一定相等是( )A．具有同压强、同体积的NO2和CO2B．具有同温度、同体积的CO和H2C．具有同质量、不同密度的O2和O3D．具有同体积、同密度的CO2和NO210、下列离子方程式书写正确的是( )A．氧化铜与盐酸反应O2― +2H＋====H2OB．氨气通入醋酸CH3COOH + NH3 = CH3COO－＋NH4＋C．碳酸氢钠溶液与NaOH溶液混合：HCO3－+ OH－= H2O + CO2↑D．硫酸氢钠溶液与NaOH溶液混合：HSO4－+ OH－= H2O + SO42－11、现有下列四种因素：①温度②压强③气体微粒数④气体微粒大小，只改变一种因素时对气体摩尔体积（V m）有显著影响的是（）A．③④B．①②③C．①②D．全部12、已知Na2S2O3(S元素的化合价为+2价)可与氯气发生如下反应：4Cl2+Na2S2O3+5H2O=2NaCl+2H2SO4+6HCl，有关该反应的叙述错误的是（）A．Cl2是氧化剂，H2SO4是氧化产物B．还原性是S2O32-强于Cl-C．水既不是氧化剂又不是还原剂D．该反应消耗11.2 L Cl2时，转移的电子是1 mol13、已知下列几个反应的化学方程式：①2KI＋Cl2=2KCl＋I2；②2FeCl3＋2HI=2FeCl2＋I2＋2HCl；③2FeCl2＋Cl2=2FeCl3；④I2＋SO2＋2H2O=H2SO4＋2HI；下列有关物质的氧化性的强弱排列顺序中正确的是A．Cl2＞Fe3＋＞I2＞SO2B．Cl2＞I2＞Fe3＋＞SO2C．Cl2＞Fe3＋＞SO2＞I2D．Fe3＋＞I2＞Cl2＞SO214、若实际操作时需要分离下列两种混合物，选用最合适的实验装置是（）a.煤油中不小心混入了大量的水；b.水与丙酮的混合物，已知：丙酮是一种可与水混溶的无色液体，密度小于苯，沸点约为56℃。
2019_2020学年上海普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学高一上学期期末化学试卷
2019~2020学年上海普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学高一上学期期末化学试卷相对原子质量：H-1 O-16 C-12 N-14 Cl-35.5 Br-80 S-32 Na-23 Al-27 Mg-24 Ca-40一、选择题（只有一个正确选项，每题2分）1.A.利用电解水的方法得到氢气作能源B.砍伐树木作能源C.因煤的储量比石油丰富，应多用煤作能源D.开发太阳能、核能等新能源世界各国离不开的化石燃料十分有限，为了开发新能源，下列方法可行的是（ ）2.A.B.C.D.下列说法正确的是（ ）氯化铵固体溶解于水时，溶液温度显著降低是因为只发生了扩散过程含有水蒸气的气体通过固体氢氧化钠时，固体表面出现水珠，这是固体氢氧化钠潮解的缘故处于不同状态下的物质所具有的能量一般是气态 液态 固态在一定量的水中不断加入氯化钠固体，溶液达到饱和后，溶解过程将不再进行3.A.B.C.D.在配制一定物质的量浓度的硫酸溶液时，下列操作会使溶液浓度偏大的操作是（ ）使用前容量瓶中留有少量蒸馏水稀释浓硫酸后的烧杯未洗涤转移稀释后的溶液时，有少量硫酸溶液溅出定容时，眼睛俯视容量瓶刻度线4.A. 是一种新型的化合物B. 是相对分子量为C.和金刚石互为同素异形体D.硬度比金刚石小“足球烯” 是一种外形类似足球状的分子，关于 的说法错误的是（ ）5.分析下面的能量变化示意图，下列选项正确的是（ ）A. B.C.D.6.A.和B.和C.和D.和下列各组物质的晶体中，化学键类型相同、晶体类型也相同的是（ ）7.A.氢气和氯气反应B.钠在氯气中燃烧C.氧化钙溶于水D.红热的炭与二氧化碳反应下列反应中生成物总能量高于反应物总能量的是（ ）8.A.硝酸铵B.浓硫酸C.氢氧化钠D.食盐溶于水可使溶液温度明显下降的物质是（ ）9.A.干冰B.C.D.石墨与氦气属于同一晶体类型的物质是（ ）10.A.B.C.D.下列有关氯气实验现象的记录的是（ ）工业上液氯放在干燥的钢瓶中储存红热的铁丝可以在氯气中燃烧，生成白色的烟氯气作用于干燥的试纸，试纸不褪色纯净的氢气可以在氯气中安静燃烧，发出苍白色火焰不.正.确.11.A.熔沸点：B.氧化性：C.稳定性：D.还原性：下列排列的是（ ）不.正.确.12.A.B.C.D.下列关于氯水的叙述，正确的是（ ）新制的氯水中含有、、和分子新制氯水可使蓝色石蕊试纸先变红后变无色光照氯水有气泡逸出该气体是氯气氯水在密封无色玻璃瓶中放置数天后酸性将增强13.A. 作催化剂B.紫色蒸气中C.该反应是放热反应D.反应后物质的总能量升高镁粉与碘粉均匀混合，滴加几滴水，发生剧烈反应，并产生大量紫色蒸气。
上海曹杨二中中考化学试卷(word解析版)
D、根据分析可知，H是盐酸，浓盐酸具有挥发性，选项D正确。故选B。
6．某同学将mgMg、A1、Zn、Fe的混合物放入足量的稀盐酸中，充分反应后，将所得溶液小心蒸干，得到(m+7.1) g不含结晶水的固体，则m的取值范围是
【详解】
A、根据题意A~G七种物质均含有同一种元素，分析可知A是氧气，是单质。根据D的相对分子质量为100，可用作建筑材料，D是碳酸钙。选项A正确；
B、根据分析，题中反应可能有化合反应如碳和氧气反应生成二氧化碳，可能有分解反应如碳酸钙高温分解生成氧化钙和二氧化碳，有复分解反应如氢氧化钙和盐酸反应，但不可能发生置换反应，因为氧气转变成二氧化碳、氧气转变成一氧化碳、一氧化碳转变成二氧化碳都不可能是置换反应，选项B不正确；
上海曹杨二中中考化学试卷（word解析版）
一、选择题（培优题较难）
1．已知硝酸钾在不同温度下的溶解度如下表：
温度/℃
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
溶解度/g
32
46
64
85.5
110
138
170
甲是80℃含有100 g水的KNO3溶液，操作过程如下图所示。以下分析错误的是
A．甲、乙、丙、丁四种溶液中，饱和溶液只有2种
B．甲到乙的过程中，溶质质量没有改变
C．甲溶液中，溶剂与溶质的质量比为25: 34
D．甲溶液冷却时，开始析出固体的温度在60℃～70℃之间
【答案】A
【解析】
溶解度是一定温度下，100g溶剂里达到饱和时，所溶解的溶质的质量。饱和溶液是在一定温度下、一定量的溶剂里不能再溶解某物质的溶液叫该物质的饱和溶液。A、由题中信息可知，20℃时，硝酸钾的溶解度是32g，所以80g水的饱和溶液中，硝酸钾的质量为25.6g，所以可推知硝酸钾的总质量为25.6g+110.4g=136g，80℃时，80g水中溶解136g硝酸钾刚好饱和，析出晶体后的溶液一定是饱和溶液，所以丁是饱和溶液，所以乙、丙、丁都是饱和溶液，错误；B、甲到乙的过程中，没有溶质析出，溶质质量没有改变，正确；C、甲溶液中，溶剂与溶质的质量比为100g:136g=25: 34,正确。故选A。
【最新经典文档】2018学年上海市普陀区曹杨二中高一(上)期中物理试卷及解析答案
2017-2018学年上海市普陀区曹杨二中高一（上）期中物理试卷一、单选题（每题只有一个正确答案，1-6题每题2分，7-10题每题3分）1．（2分）下列几种运动中的物体，可以看作质点的是（）A．从广州飞往北京的飞机B．绕地轴做自转的地球C．绕太阳公转的地球D．在平直公路上行驶的汽车2．（2分）在匀变速直线运动中，下列说法中正确的是（）A．相同时间内位移的变化相同B．相同时间内速度的变化相同C．相同时间内加速度的变化相同D．相同路程内速度的变化相同3．（2分）几个做匀变速直线运动的物体，在时间t内位移一定最大的是（）A．加速度最大的物体B．初速度最大的物体C．末速度最大的物体D．平均速度最大的物体4．（2分）一个物体静止在水平桌面上，下列说法正确的是（）A．物体受的重力和桌面对它的支持力是一对作用力和反作用力B．物体对桌面的压力就是重力C．桌面对物体的支持力大小等于重力，这两个力是一对平衡力D．物体受到的重力的反作用力是物体对桌面的压力5．（2分）关于物体的重心，下列说法正确的是（）A．重心就是物体内最重的点B．重心是重力的作用点，所以重心一定在物体上C．任何有规则形状的物体，它的几何中心必然与重心重合D．物体的重心在物体中的位置不因物体升高、降低、倾斜而发生改变6．（2分）如图所示，细绳竖直拉紧，小球和光滑斜面上接触，并处于静止状态，则小球受到的力是（）A．重力、绳的拉力 B．重力、绳的拉力、斜面的弹力C．重力、斜面的弹力D．绳的拉力、斜面的弹力7．（3分）某物体沿一直线运动，其v﹣t图象如图所示，则下列说法中不正确的是（）A．第2s内和第3s内速度方向相反B．第2s内和第3s内的加速度方向相反C．第3s内速度方向与加速度方向相反D．第5s内速度方向与加速度方向相反8．（3分）为了测定某辆轿车在平直公路上启动时的加速度（轿车启动时的运动可近似看做匀加速直线运动），某人拍摄了一张在同一底片上多次曝光的照片，如图所示。
2017-2018学年曹杨二中高一上10月考试卷
2017-2018学年曹杨二中高一上月考II.VocabularyDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I. boosts J. visible K. seeminglyHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen 21_ to bad product placement (产品植入). Clever marketing folks want their products to be 22_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement 23_ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员) might think of something that 24_ the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been 25_ about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n) 26_ supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, so the deal27_with money works well. Someone from a manufacturer’s marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) 28_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 29_ casual appearances. Both teams a re happy. Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much ado- it-yourself 30_ . Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows —even games and music.ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death among Americans, and a much larger 31 to chronic disability and healthcare costs than this ranking suggests. There’s32 question that preventing strokes is important. But a big question is how best to do so and in whom.Currently, some expert say, far too many people who are free of 33 that might herald ( 预示) a stroke are undergoing surgery to ream out carotid arteries ( 颈动脉) that feed the 34 , or are having stents ( 支架) inserted in these arteries, than is justified by availableevidence.and create a risk of serious complications like heart attack or , 36 stroke itself, even death; and drive 37 health care costs by billions of dollars a year.Based on the latest research , they 38 , most patients without symptoms like a39 stroke or transient ischemic attack ( 短暂性脑缺血发作) do as well---or nearly as well—with intensive medical therapy to 40 blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes.“ Intensive medical therapy is a much 41 way to prevent stroke caused by clots(血块) than either surgery or stent mg(支架植入术) ,” said Dr. David Spence, a stroke prevention specialist at the University of Western Ontario.But surgeons, even those who 42 the limitations of current research, say carotid endarterectomy (颈动脉内切手术), as the reaming operation is called, is the treatment of choice for many patients with serious 43 in one or both carotid arteries. That sentiment( 观点)also is reflected in guidelines from the Society of Vascular Surgeons and the American Heart Association.Dr. Michael Belkin, the chief of vascular and endovascular (血管内的) surgery at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, who performs 44 of endarterectomies each year, said ,” In asymptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis(器官狭窄), meaning a blockage of 70 percent or greater , surgical therapy is better than 45 therapy.31. A. donator B. contributor C. part D. influence32. A. not B. any C. some D. no33. A. signs B. symbols C. symptoms D. illness34.A. stomach B. body C. brain D. blood35.A. unnecessary B. necessary C. important D. useful36.A. ironically B. smoothly C. favorably D. unfavorably37.A. down B. ahead C. up D. back38. A. maintain B. promise C. are against D. disagree39.A. wild B. mild C. child D. serious40.A. lower B. treat C. control D. raise41.A. more dangerous B. safer C. more successful D. cleaner42.A. more dangerous B. safer C. more successful D. cleaner43.A. sickness B. damage C. blockages D. situation44.A. grades B. scores C. marks D. thousands45.A. medical B. proper C. suitable D. anyIII.Reading comprehensionDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and I’m not even a cat .My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living .And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s .My sistermarried soon after, and I followed her example within the year .This was when I began to enjoy my first life .I was very happy, in excellent health .I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos .Life was a pleasant dream .Then the dream ended .I became afflicted (使苦恼) with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side .Thus began my second life… .In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car .And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps .Crazy? Not at all .Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door .Those steps were a standard measure of life .They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living .I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---I could then admit defeat and lie down and die .Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life .It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads .Suddenly the steering wheel jerked (猝然一动) .In the same instant I heard the bang of a blowout .It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along, keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and honked the horn .The door opened and a little girl stood there .When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting .I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm .About an hour later, the man’s voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you’re all set now .” “Thanks,” I said .“How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing .Cynthia told me you were a cripple .Glad to be of help .I know you’d do the same for me .There’s no charge, friend .” I held out a five-dollar bill, “No! I like to pay my way .” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it .”46 ．“A cat has nine lives” here means ．A．a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB．a cat can die ninthC．a lucky man can not die easilyD．the writer will live nine times47．What do you think of the man who helped change the tire?A．Warm-hearted but pitiableB．Warm-hearted and happyC．A blind old man that has nothing to do everyday．D．A poor old man that is always ready to helpothers．48．How will the story be ended?A．The writer paid the little girl but the old man did notaccept．B．The writer drove away with tears running down hischeek．C．The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do．D．In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never felt before．( B )What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London. Typical structure of a one-week courseUp to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English asa foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Full board(全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesIn addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersWe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseWe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit www.efpcourses. .See you in Guildford soon!49.What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A their target students are teenagers of all English levelsB they are available on the school campuses in London and OxfordC Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language supportD they involve students in British culture activities during the whole course50.Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you canA make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD hand in an application by visiting their websites51.The purpose of this writing is toA attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB offer group students access to EFP coursesC demostrate the popularity of EFP courses Dillustrate the importance of EFP courses( C )Attachment Parenting is not Indulgent(纵容的) Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气)，ice cream for breakfast Attachment parents don't give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not "afraid of tears" parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out They do not expect to be "rewarded" for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it is our job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don't avoid them. We hold our children t hrough them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parents is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I'm pretty f ree-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock than and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The "attachment" comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to than like parental leeches. Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves.Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don't hover. I supervise. I follow, I teach, I demonstrate, I explain. I don't slap curious hands away. I show how to do things safely. I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don't insist that my 23 month old hold my hand when we walk on the sidewalk because I know I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trustsme to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative things that I hear about "attachment parents" are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child- centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries. And that children are taught, not trained.52.According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A.Rewarding kids with toys.B.Trying to stop kids crying.C.Holding them till they stop.D.Providing comfort and love.53.What does “free-range” mean according to the passage?A.Willing to give kids freedom of movement.B.Ready to play games with my kids.C.Curious to watch what games they play.D.Fond of providing a home base.54.Which of the following is NOT attachment parenting?A.Fostering their curiosityB. Helping them do the right thingC. Showing them how things are doneD. Standing by and protecting55.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.How to foster love in childrenB. Different types of parentingC. How to build child confidenceD. Parent-child relationship第II 卷IV.Fill in the blanks with the proper relatives and appropriate form of words given in brackets , add modal verbs if necessary.56.Her brother (be ) at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.57.All the contestants remain in their seats until the test paper is collected, which is a regulation in our school.58.Y ou are getting heart attack, the doctor says you (do) so much physical exercise.59.The bicycle and the rider had knocked down the boy were taken to the police for further investigation.60.He told me that was broadcast by TV was just nothing but a rumor.61.What makes all the students and teachers astonished is that the promising student(give) up such a good opportunity to be sent to abroad.62.The engineer my father was talking was also a professor teaching in a key university.63.The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn’t be found.64.Many students think that they (be) bothered to explain the material because the expert already knows it.65.I really admire your new dress and I want to buy such a gorgeous dress you wear.V.Translation :66.我需要吃些肉，因为它含有蔬菜中没有的维生素和矿物质。
2017-2018学年曹杨二中高一上期中考化学试卷(带参考答案)
上海市曹杨二中2017学年度第一学期高一年级期中考化学试卷相对原子质量：C -12H -1 O -16 S -32 N -14 Zn -65 Cl -35.5一、填空题（每题只有一个正确答案，每小题3分） 1、下列说法中，正确的是A. 质子数与中子数之和等于其原子的相对原子质量B. 质子数相同的微粒一定是同一种原子或互为同位素C. 两种微粒，若核外电子排布相同，则化学性质一定相似D. 钠离子比钠原子稳定 2、下列叙述正确的是A. 一定温度、压强下，气体体积由其分子的大小决定B. 一定温度、压强下，气体体积由气体分子的物质的量多少决定C. 对于固体和液体，由于微粒间间距已经非常小，所以决定其体积大小的主要因素为微粒的多少D. 不同的气体，若体积不等，则它们所含的分子数一定不等3、简单原子的原子结构可用图形象地表示：，其中“”表示质子或电子，“”表示中子，则下列有关①①①的叙述正确的是：A. ①①①互为同素异形体B. ①①①互为同位素C. ①①①是三种化学性质完全不同的离子D. ①①①具有相同的质量数4、在托盘天平的两边各放置一个盛有盐酸的烧杯，两边正好平衡。
左、右两盘分别加入等质量的镁和铝（反应过程中盐酸和水不挥发），完全反应后，出现的情况是A. 一定不会保持平衡B. 右盘下沉C. 左盘下沉D. 无法判断5、某气体的摩尔质量为Mg/mol ，N A 表示阿伏伽德罗常数，在一定的温度和压强下，体积为V L 的该气体所含有的分子数为X 。
则MXAVN 表示的是 A. V L 该气体的质量（以g 为单位） B. 1L 该气体的质量（以g 为单位）C. 1mol 该气体的体积（以L 为单位）D. 1L 该气体的物质的量（以mol 为单位）6、下列说法正确的是 A. 160g 胆矾溶于水配制成1L 溶液，此溶液c(CuSO 4)=1mol/LB. 在标准状况下22.4L 氨气通入1L 水中，溶液的c(NH 3)=1mol/LC. 从2L 1mol/L硫酸溶液中取出0.5L溶液，再稀释至2L溶液，其c(H+)=0.5mol/LD. 1mol/LH2SO4溶液中含有2molH+7、某同学用量筒量取液体时，将量筒平放，仰视液体凹液面最低处读数为16.0mL，倾倒出一部分溶液，又俯视液体凹液面最低处，读数为10.0mL，该同学取出液体的体积是A.大于6.0mLB. 等于6.0mLC. 小于6.0mLD. 无法判断8、在两个容积相同的容器中，一个盛有HCl气体，另一个盛有H2和Cl2的混合气体。
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A. 0.044mol/L
B. 0.035mol/L
C. 0.055mol/L
D. 0.040mol/L
14. ZnO 和 ZnCO3 的混合物 30 克与 2mol/LH2SO4125mL 刚好充分反应，蒸发溶剂，最后得到皓矾
（ZnSO4·7H2O）的质量是
A. 71.75 克
B. 130 克
C. 40.25 克
第6页/共6页
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C. 从 2L 1mol/L 硫酸溶液中取出 0.5L 溶液，再稀释至 2L 溶液，其 c(H+)=0.5mol/L
D. 1mol/LH2SO4 溶液中含有 2molH+ 7、某同学用量筒量取液体时，将量筒平放，仰视液体凹液面最低处读数为 16.0mL，倾倒出一部分溶液，
又俯视液体凹液面最低处，读数为 10.0mL，该同学取出液体的体积是
9.65
0.01
0.04
——
1.26
0.01
2.62
0.02
0.02
0.04
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査表后回答： 通常海水的密度为 1.026g/mL，生产上将海水从 1.026g/mL 浓缩到 1.22g/mL，在此过程中除了得到 NaCl 外，同时还有__________、____________、_______________（写物质的名称）三种杂质析出。 当海水密度超过 1.26g/mL，则因其他成分太多不宜食用。 （3）为了精制粗盐（杂质为 Na2SO4、CaCl2、MgCl2）可以将粗盐溶于适量的水，然后用___________、 氢氧化钠溶液、________试剂沉淀掉杂质离子，然后过滤。最后加入__________溶液，调节溶液至中性， 在加入沉淀剂，除杂过程中，生成的沉淀有______________________________________（写出所有沉淀的 化学式），写出调节溶液至中性时发生的所有化学反应方程式_____________________________________。
完全溶解。
C. 将已冷却的盐酸溶液沿玻璃棒注入容量瓶中。
D. 将容量瓶盖紧，振荡，摇匀。
E. 改用胶头滴管加水，使溶液凹液面恰好与刻度相切。
F. 继续往容量瓶内小心加水，直到液面接近刻度 1-2cm 处。
（5）若出现如下情况，对所配溶液浓度将有何影响（填“偏高”、“偏低”或“无影响”）？
①若没有进行 A 操作____________；
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上海市曹杨二中 2017 学年度第一学期
高一年级期中考化学试卷
相对原子质量：C-12 H-1 O-16 S-32 N-14 Zn-65 Cl-35.5 一、填空题（每题只有一个正确答案，每小题 3 分） 1、下列说法中，正确的是
A. 质子数与中子数之和等于其原子的相对原子质量 B. 质子数相同的微粒一定是同一种原子或互为同位素 C. 两种微粒，若核外电子排布相同，则化学性质一定相似 D. 钠离子比钠原子稳定 2、下列叙述正确的是 A. 一定温度、压强下，气体体积由其分子的大小决定 B. 一定温度、压强下，气体体积由气体分子的物质的量多少决定 C. 对于固体和液体，由于微粒间间距已经非常小，所以决定其体积大小的主要因素为微粒的多少 D. 不同的气体，若体积不等，则它们所含的分子数一定不等
②若定容时俯视刻度线_______________________；
③容量瓶中尚残留水就进行使用_________________________。
23、我国是一个海洋大国，对于海水资源的开发具有良好的条件和可观的价值，试就海水资源开发这一课
题回答下列问题。
（1）海水中的盐类都以离子形式存在，其中______ 和______（书写化学符号）的含量最高。
3、简单原子的原子结构可用图形象地表示： 示质子或电子，“ ”表示中子，则下列有关①②③的叙述正确的是：
，其中“ ”表
A. ①②③互为同素异形体
B. ①②③互为同位素
C. ①②③是三种化学性质完全不同的离子
D. ①②③具有相同的质量数
4、在托盘天平的两边各放置一个盛有盐酸的烧杯，两边正好平衡。左、右两盘分别加入等质量的镁和铝
A. 9.2%
B. 10%
C. 15%
D. 20%
20、 标况下，CS2 在空气中与氧气反应，生成 CO2 和 SO2，现有 15.2gCS2 在一密闭容器中恰好与空气的氧 气完全反应，生成二氧化硫和二氧化碳，反应后的气体恢复到标况，该混合气体对标况下氢气的相对密度
约为（空气中氮气所占体积分数为 0.8）
浓度为
A. 0.74mol/L
B. 0.045mol/L
C. 0.037mol/L
D. 0.025mol/L
13. 将硫酸钾、硫酸铝、硫酸铝钾三种盐混合溶于硫酸酸化的水中，得到 100mL 溶液，测得 c(SO42-)=0.105mol/L，c(Al3+)=0.055mol/L，n(H+)=0.001mol，则 c(K+)为
a. 体积②＞③＞①＞④ b. 密度②＞③＞④＞①
c. 质量②＞③＞①＞④ d. 氢原子个数①＞③＞④＞②
A. abc
B. bcd
C. acd
D. abcd
19、 现有 10%的 CaCl2 溶液，往其中加入 10%的 Na2CO3 溶液至恰好反应，生成 10g 沉淀。滤掉沉淀，将 滤液恒温蒸发掉 90g 水后恢复到原来温度，所得溶液中质量的质量分数
（反应过程中盐酸和水不挥发），完全反应后，出现的情况是
A. 一定不会保持平衡 B. 右盘下沉 C. 左盘下沉
D. 无法判断
5、某气体的摩尔质量为 Mg/mol，NA 表示阿伏伽德罗常数，在一定的温度和压强下，体积为 VL 的该气体
MX
所含有的分子数为 X。则 表示的是
VN A
A. VL 该气体的质量（以 g 为单位） B. 1L 该气体的质量（以 g 为单位）
④W 原子的最外层电子数为 K 层电子数的 3 倍。
请根据以上叙述填空：
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Z 的原子结构示意图为__________，W___________（填“得到”或“失去”）电子时，形成的离子结构示意图
为___________________；X 得到电子，形成的阴离子的电子式为_________，Y 形成的双原子分子的电子
B. 配制 250mL 4.6mol/L 的稀硫酸需取该硫酸 62.5mL
C. 该硫酸与等体积的质量分数为 2%的硫酸混合，所得溶液的质量分数小于 50%
D. 将 50mL 该硫酸加入到水中稀释，放入足量的锌片，产生氢气的体积为 20.608L
12、在标准状况下，烧瓶内有 HCl、O2、N2 三种气体，此气体平均式量为 31，将此烧 瓶倒扣在盛水的水槽内，氯化氢溶于水，水面上升，假设氯化氢不溢出烧瓶，此时烧瓶内溶液的物质的量
C. 1mol 该气体的体积（以 L 为单位） D. 1L 该气体的物质的量（以 mol 为单位）
6、下列说法正确的是
A. 160g 胆矾溶于水配制成 1L 溶液，此溶液 c(CuSO4)=1mol/L
B. 在标准状况下 22.4L 氨气通入 1L 水中，溶液的 c(NH3)=1mol/L
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D. 69.5 克
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15、由 C2H2、C6H6、C6H6O 组成的混合物中，碳元素的质量百分数为 60%，则含氧元素的质量百分数最 接近
A. 31%
B. 32%
C. 33%
D. 35%
16、在密闭容器中有 H2、O2、Cl2 的混合气体。电火花点燃，容器中的三种气体恰好完全反应，冷却到室 温后得到液体产物的溶质质量分数是 33.6%，则容器中原 H2、O2、Cl2 的体积比是
（3）配制时所用的仪器有除了烧杯、量筒外，还需要_________________。
（4）配制时，其正确的操作顺序是（字母表示，每个字母只能用一次）__________________；
A. 用 30mL 水洗涤烧杯和玻璃帮 2-3 次，洗涤液均注入容量瓶，振荡。
B. 准确量取所需的盐酸的体积，放入烧杯中，再加入少量水（约 30mL），用玻璃棒慢慢搅动，使其
变，则下列推断不正确的是
A. 此时 16O 的相对原子质量为 32
B. 标准状况下，44gCO2 的体积约为 22.4L
C. 44gCO2 和 28gCO 含有相同数目的分子 D. 标准状况下，11.2LO2 的质量为 32g
10、浓度为 2.00mol/L 的盐酸溶液 1L，欲使其浓度变为 4.00mol/L，下列方法可行的是
A. 大于 6.0mL
B. 等于 6.0mL
C. 小于 6.0mL
D. 无法判断
8、在两个容积相同的容器中，一个盛有 HCl 气体，另一个盛有 H2 和 Cl2 的混合气体。在同温同压下，两 容器内的气体一定具有相同的
A. 原子数
B. 质量数
C. 质量
D. 密度
9、假定把 12C 的相对原子质量定为 24，把 24g12C 含有的原子个数定为阿伏伽德罗常数，而摩尔的定义不
A. 16.93
B. 33.87
C. 8.47
D. 28.67
二、填空题
21、有原子序数依次增大的 4 种 1～18 号元素 X、Y、Z、W，已知：
①X 与 Z、Y 与 W 分别具有相同的最外层电子数；
②X 与 Y 能形成 X2Y、X2Y2 两种分子化合物； ③Y 的阴离子（单核）与 Z 的阳离子的核外电子数都为 10；
A. 2:1:1
B. 9:4:1
C. 4:2:2
D. 9:4:3