虚拟语气专项训练
虚拟语气专项训练
1. The boy acted ____ he had never lived in Canada before.
A. as though
B. even if
C. as
D. since
2. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.
A. If he went
B. Were he gone
C. Should he have gone
D. Had he gone
3. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday.
A. will allow
B. should allow
C. would have allowed
D. had allowed
4. The secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.
A. had brought
B. should have brought
C. brought
D. bring
5. I wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. should be
6 If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.
A. arrived；would catch
B. arrived；would have caught
C. had arrived；had caught
D. had arrived；would have caught
7. If I ____ more time, I would have gone with him.
A. had
B. had had
C. have had
D. would have
8. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come
D. had come
9. Jane's uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer.
A. not staying
B. not to stay
C. that he not stay
D. staying not
10. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be C .would have been D. would be
11. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried
B. hadn't tried
C. have tried
D. didn't try
12. He demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done
A. was written
B. be written
C. must be written
D. would be written
13. The man insisted that he _____ there.
A. should send
B. would be sent
C. sent
D. be sent
14. It is required that you ____ at six.
A. will arrive
B. arrive
C. arrived
D. would arrive
15. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known
B. would know
C. should know
D. knew
16. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet.
A . is to, should B. were to, would
C. were going to, would
D. was going to, should
17. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened, would have known
B. listened, would know
C. listened, would have known
D. had listened, would know
18. But for the party, he ___ of hunger 30 years ago.
A. would have died
B. would die
C. must have died
D. must die 19. ___ today, he would get there for holiday.
A. Was he leaving
B. Were he to leave
C. Would he leave
D. If he leaves
20. I would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know
B. hadn’t know C would have known D haven’t known
21. It’s high time that we ___ to school.
A. would to
B. went
C. go
D. will go
22. It seems as if it ___ rain.
A. will to
B. is going to
C. is to
D. were going to
23. I’d rather you ___ right away.
A. leave
B. left
C. will leave
D. to leave
24. He is working hard for fear that he ___.
A. fails
B. failed
C. would fail
D. fail
25. It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.
A. has been married
B. has married
C. be married
D. would marry
26. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.
A. give
B. should give
C. be given
D. would be given
27. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party
A. attended
B. had attended
C. would attend
D. would have attended
28. The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years
A. were
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
29. We ___ our lives had it not been for the policeman
A. would have lost
B. should lose
C. might lose
D. could have lost
30. Without your help, our team ___ the last match.
A. won’t win
B. will lose
C. wouldn’t have won
D. can’t win
31. ___, I would take an umbrella with me.
A. Had I been you
B. I were you
C. Were I you
D. I had been you
32. It is high time we ___ off .
A. are
B. were
C. be
D. will be
33. He felt as if he ___ more time to study for the test.
A. needs B .were needed C. needed D. need
34. It is important that I ___ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak
B. spoke
C. will speak
D. to speak
35. If I had known that, I ___ so.
A. wouldn’t do
B. wouldn’t have done
C. won’t do
D. have not done
36. You talk as if you ___ there.
A. were really
B. has really been
C. had really been
D. would really be
37. He suggested that the work ___ at once.
A. would started
B. would be started
C. should started
D. should be started
38. It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.
A. will happen
B. happens
C. should happen
D. happened
39. Dr Bethune worked hard as if he ___.
A. never had felt tired
B. had never felt tired
C. never felt tired D .was tired never
40. He looked as if he ___ ill for a long time.
A. was
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
41. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he ___ everything
A. knew
B. knows
C. has known
D. had known
42. I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I ___ so busy then.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. would be
43. I recommended that the student ___ his composition as soon as possible.
A. finishing writing
B. should finish the writing
C. finish writing
D. finished writing
44. The Law requires that everyone ___ his car checked at least once a year.
A. has
B. had
C. have
D. will have
45. Had I known her name, ___.
A. or does she know mine?
B. and where does she live?
C. she would be beautiful
D. I would have invited her to lunch
46. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ your advice.
A. follow
B. would follow C .had followed D. have followed
47. It is time that the government _______measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
A. takes B took C has taken D taking
48. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ________ to the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come
D. had come
49. I’d rather you _______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn’t do
C. don’t
D. didn’t
50. It’s high time they ________ this road.
A. mend
B. mended
C. must have mended
D. will mend
51. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. take
B. took
C. have taken
D. will take
52 .Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.
A. she waits
B. she wait
C. wait she
D. she waited
53. He ordered that the medicine_______ by a special plane.
A. was sent
B. would be sent
C. should send
D. be sent
54. I’d rather he______ tomorrow afternoon.
A. will come
B. comes
C. coming
D. came
55.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
56.The two strangers talked as if they _______ friends for years.
A. should be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
57.Jane’s pale face suggested that she ________ ill, and her parents suggested that
she ________ a medical examinations.
A. be; should have
B. was; have
C. should be; had
D. was; has
58. ______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Will
59. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion , otherwise, she _______something she would regret
later.
A. had said
B. said
C. might said
D. might have said
60. The judge ordered that the thief _________punished.
A. would be
B. should be
C. were to be
D. must be
61. Almost all his friends suggested _______ Mr. Johns on at once.
A. that he visits
B. him to visit
C. that he visit
D. to him for visiting
62._______ for the free tickets, I would not do have gone to the films so often.
A .If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
63. If only he ____________quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
64. _______ be sent to work there?
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
65. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _______ your advice.
A. followed
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. should follow
66. Do you know where the women is from? No, But when she talked to me yesterday, her
accent suggested that she __________a native from Shanghai.
A. should be
B. was
C. be
D. were
67. I failed again. I wish I________ harder. But you ________.
A. had worked; hadn’t
B. worked; don’t
C. worked; didn’t
D. had worked; didn’t
68.It_______that the sports meet ________ put off because of the fine weather.
A. is suggested, will not be
B. was suggested, be
C. suggested, should be
D. was suggested, not be
69.——You finally passed the exam, didn’t you ?
——Yes, but for your help, I _________
A. would succeed
B. wouldn’t succeed
C. would have succeed
D. wouldn’t have succeed
70.You _____________the exam early, but you were so careless __________make so many mistakes.
A. would have passed; to
B. might pass; that
C. must have passed; in order to
D. could have passed; as to
真实条件句,虚拟语气.
当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句：（1） You like calssical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐，对吗？(2 He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳，对吗？（3）Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳，是吗？（4） Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐，对吗？（5） This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行，对吗？从以上句子可以看出，反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be（肯定或否定）+主语（代词）” 构成的。在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点： 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式，如（1）、（2）、（3）；前面的陈述句如果是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式，如（4）、（5）； 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词； 3.翻译疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词，反意疑问句要用肯定式。如：They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过，是吧？在回答反意疑问句时，要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句：——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人，对吧？——Oh yes, he is.不对，他是美国人。可以看出，在英语中，无论问题是怎样问的，只要答语的事实是肯定句，就要用YES；只要答语的事实是否定的，就要用NO. 编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如： Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？ 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？ 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）
陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气的分类
一、语气的分类 英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气: 陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用 动词的不同形式来表示。 陈述语气I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadn’t come back home yet. 祈使语气Let’s go.Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings. 虚拟语气If I were you, I would not leave her alone. Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon. 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 条件从句If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式 现在V+ ed (were) would/could/should/might +V (原) 过去had done would/could/should/might+hav e+p.p. 将来 1. V. + ed.2. should+ V.(原)3. were to do would/could/should/might +V.(原) 如果现在不下雨的话, 我们就出去野餐了。If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic. 如果他来这儿, 他就能够帮助你了。If he came here, he might be able to help you. 要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。She would have gone to the party if she had been invited. 今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。If she hadn’t called me, I would have overslept this morning. 明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French. 要是失败了，我会再试一次。If it should fail, I would try again. 1. 如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。If you __had got_____ here five minutes earlier, you ____would have caught_____ the bus. 2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。If I __were__ not busy, I ______would help____ you now. 3. 如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What __should____ we do if it ___were to snow_________omorrow? 二、虚拟语气特殊句型: 1. wish 的宾语从句现在: 过去时(were) 过去: 过去完成时(had done) 未来: would/could/might +V.(原) should 我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。I wish I were ten years younger now. 我昨天要是遇见他 就好了。I wish I had met him yesterday. 我希望成为一名科学家。I wish I would be a scientist. 2. would rather that 现在:过去时过去:过去完成时未来:过去时 I would rather you paid me now. I would rather I hadn’t come yesterday. I would rather you came tomorrow. 3. as if /though + 从句现在：过去时过去：过去完成时 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。They talked as if they had been friends for years.
从语言的人际功能看虚拟语气与陈述语气的差异
摘要：从语用学的角度看，虚拟语气具有陈述语气无法企及的“附愿”功能，从语言的这一人际功能研究语气的变异能够揭示虚拟语气“以言附愿”的微妙性。 关键词：虚拟语气；语气隐喻；人际功能 中图分类号：h08文献标识码：a文章编号：1671―1580（2014）02―0115―02 在英语中，通常用以下三种方式来表现语气的变化：第一，通过不同词汇的选择；第二，通过动词形式的变化；第三，通过语调的变化。在陈述语气和虚拟语气中，动词的形式是不一样的，那么不一样的动词形态在表达的意义上是否有着微妙的变化？陈述语气能否完全取代虚拟语气？ 《大学英语语法手册》第三章《虚拟语气》中有这样的陈述：“正式文体中，在表示建议、命令或请求的动词后，that从句的动词常常用虚拟形式……”此种表述本身是正确的，问题在于例句的选择全部局限在虚拟的用法上，这可能会让初学者误以为虚拟形式的表达是唯一的。《剑桥高级英语语法》对此加以补充说明：在非正式的语言环境中可以用陈述语气替代虚拟语气，例如： （1）i suggest he apply for the job. （subjunctive） （2）i suggest he applies for the job. （indicative） （3）i suggested they drive along the coast. （subjunctive） （4）i suggested they drove along the coast. （indicative） （5）it is important that i study grammar， that you study grammar， and （believe it or not） that she study grammar. （subjunctive） （6）it is important for me＼you＼him to study grammar. （indicative） 以上的例句（2）、例句（4）和例句（6）分别以陈述语气替代了虚拟语气，传达着同样的意义，但是有必要呈现出来让初学者明白，在某种程度上“虚拟”的表达形式并非是“必须”的；只是在一定的语境下，虚拟在表达上更正式一些，在语气上更强烈一些；有时在没有前提语境的情况下，虚拟还是非虚拟是很难区分的： 在此例句中，虽然虚拟和陈述的表达在语言形式上是一样的，但未必表示完全等同的含义，功能语言学认为形式和意义之间并不存在着一对一的关系。陈述语气向虚拟语气的转变与其说是语言形式的变化，不如说是意义上的重大变化。我们把这种语气变异现象，即从一种语气域向另一种语气域的转移，称为语气隐喻。语气隐喻是人际语法隐喻的体现。语言具有表达讲话者态度、动机和对事物判断等功能，按照不同的意愿选择不同的语气就是人际语法隐喻。一种言语功能可以由不同的语气来体现；反之，一种语气也可以体现一种以上的语言功能。 既然虚拟式可以用陈述式来替代，那么是否意味着虚拟的表达形式没有深入探讨的必要呢？有的研究者认为“表面上纷繁复杂的虚拟用法其实完全可以归入陈述语气和祈使语气之下。取消虚拟语气理据充分，有助于结束学界在虚拟语气问题上的尴尬。”基于这种论调，多数人为了规避风险有意绕开虚拟的表达形式从而使得本来就很难运用得当的虚拟语气处于一种临界消失的边缘状态。下面我们从虚拟语气的几种常用表达上阐述虚拟语气与陈述语气的细微差别，从而揭示虚拟语气在表达意义和传递情感上的独到之处。 一、虚拟式表示一种愿望，陈述式表示一种事实 （8）god bless us. （subjunctive） （9）god blesses us.（indicative） 二、虚拟式表示难于或无法实现的愿望，陈述式表示可实现的愿望 （11）i hope she is happy. （indicative） 四、虚拟式表示一种怀疑或无法证实的猜测，陈述式表示有据可依的猜测
虚拟语气表格总结版
虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 （一）形式 I.动词的语气简介： 语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 ?虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用 一、在if条件从句中的运用 （一）表格及注意事项 ?注： ? 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。 ? 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。
（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装 若符合下列条件，可以省略if: ? 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if. ? 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。 例： （1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. （2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. （3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but，but for，otherwise等。根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。 I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up. 我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了 If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. 要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。 If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I ____ the lecture. A.had attended B.would have attended C.would attend D.attended 例:（1）我们在那个小村庄中迷路了，否则昨天我们还能去更多有趣的地方地方。 （2）我本来可以帮你的，但是我太忙了。 二、用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （一）在wish引导的宾语从句中，表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望，用虚拟语气。主句
高中英语 第二册 语法总结 虚拟语气
新概念英语第二册语法总结：虚拟语气 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握： 1、虚拟条件句。 2、名词性虚拟语气。 3、虚拟语气的其他用语。 一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为： If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋动词原形，如： If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为： If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should(could, would, 或might)＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为： If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)＋do，主语＋should(could...)＋原形do，如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry. 注意问题： 1、If条件句中绝对不可出现"would"。 2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如： Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析
虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
可用虚拟语气的用法总结
虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句
虚拟语气的构成及其用法
语气 (mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气 (imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。 如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （ would, might， could）+ have ＋过去分词。
虚拟语气用法大全
1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 （1）若表示与现在事实相反的假设，则条件从句中用过去式，主句中用过去将来式（would，should，could，might + 动词原形）；若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大，则条件从句中用should + 动词原形也可用“were to+动词原形”或用过去式动词。如： 2）若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用过去将来完成式（should，would，could，might + have + 过去分词）。如： busy． （3）含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were 这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如： （4）若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如： 2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 在动词suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。在动词wish /would rather后的宾语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。如： 3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在It is necessary/important/strange/natural；It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed；it is a pity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如： 4．虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。 在 suggestion， proposal，idea，plan，order，advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形 5．虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法 在as if引导的状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符；在so that，in order that引导的状语从句中，常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。 6．虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法： 在it is time后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟语气。 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过
虚拟语气语法总结
虚拟语气 在英语文法中有三种语气，即直述式语气(In dicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)，其中前两种我们早已熟悉了，这里则不多谈了，女口：How beautiful she is!则是直述式语气，而Hurry up! Do n't hurry up则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望，一种与事实相反的情况，或者将不可能实现的，或可能性很小的事实，假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式，即与现在事实相反的假设，与过去事实相反的假设，与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表8 —7。 虚拟语气的构成 虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表
1语法辨析 In correct: If I was a girl, I would marry you Correct: If I were a girl, I would marry you 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时，if条件句中的be动词一律用were，这句话应译为我要是个女孩，我就嫁给你。实际上不可能是个女孩。 In correct: If I were you I will not worry Correct: If I were you I should n't worry 现在时的虚拟语气主句要用should或would加动词原形，这句话应译为我要是你的话，就没有必要烦恼。要注意这种语态用在这里实际上是想把要讲出的观点表达得婉转些，有礼貌些。 In correct: God forgives you! Correct: God forgive you! 这里的主语God是第三人称单数，之所以动词不加s是因为要表达一种祝愿，即人力所不能及的事情，实际上是forgive前有一助动词should, May 等, 但在口语中将其省略了。如：May you be happy祝你幸福。 In correct: If the weather was nice yesterday, we would have gone to the zoo Correct: If the weather had been nice yesterday we would have gone to the zoo
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气（the subjunctive mood）用法归纳 第一部分：语气的定义和种类 1、语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类 ⑴陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和 某些感叹句。如： ① There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 ② Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ ③ How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！ ⑵祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： ① Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。 ② Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。 ⑶虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推 测等。如： ① If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 ② I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。 ③ May you succeed! 祝您成功！ 第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气， 常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴ Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ ⑵ It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如： ⑴ May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！ ⑵ May you be happy! 祝你快乐！ ⑶ May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就！ ⑷ May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸ May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹ May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 【注意】本句型属于部分倒装句型，主语后用动词原形。 2、用动词原形。如： ⑴ Long live the people! 人民万岁！ ⑵ “God bless you,” said the priest. 牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” ⑶ Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） ⑴ God save me. ⑵ Heaven help us. 四、表命令。 1. 命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。 2. 句子尾通常加上感叹号。
(完整)虚拟语气用法归纳,推荐文档
虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图 (1)
第四章虚拟语气
．选择题 1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got 4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is 8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today ---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible ---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for 12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work 14. ____today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come 17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn’t been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 20. ---I am going to tell her the news ---I would as soon you _____her about it A. d idn’t tell B. don’t tell C. hadn’t tell D. won’t tell 21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay 22. It was requested that the play ____again A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on 23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent 24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness ----Yes, but ____it