河海大学考博

河海大学考博
河海大学考博

河海大学考博

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精选-河海大学2012-2013结构力学A卷试卷及答案

2012-2013学年第一学期结构力学期末考试(A 卷及答案) (水工、农水、港航、交通、大禹专业10级) 学号 专业 姓名 成绩 一、判断题(正确的打√,错误的打×)(每小题2分,共6分) 1. 图示简支梁受集中移动荷载作用,其中F 1=10 kN,F 2=20 kN ,则C 截面的剪力最大值出现在F 1位于截面C 时,其值为10kN 。 ( × ) 2. 图(a )和(b )所示结构,各段杆长相同,荷载作用位置相同,则两者弯矩相同, 但若受同样的温度荷载后,两者的弯矩不同。 ( √ ) (a) (b) 3. 图示各结构(各杆EI 均为常量)在其荷载作用下的弯矩图分别如图所示,则图( a )分别和图( b )、图( c )图乘后结果不相等。( × )

二、选择题(选择一个正确答案)(每小题3分,共9分) 1. 右图所示平面杆件体系为 ( A ) A. 无多余约束的几何不变体系 B. 有多余约束的几何不变体系 C. 瞬变体系 D. 几何可变体系 2.图示结构,欲使结点B 的转角为零,则F=( B )。 2a EI EI A B C F a a q 3. 图示拉杆拱中拉杆的轴力为( A )。 A. 48kN B. 32kN C. 22kN 图(a ) 5/22 7/22 5/11 A 图(× ) l 1 =F l l l l 1 =F l l (a ) (b ) (c ) A 2qa B qa 9 8 C qa 2 3 D qa 2kN/m 4m 4m 1m 8m 1m 8kN 2kN/m 2m 8m

D. 12kN 三、填空题(每小题3分,共9分) 1. 图示桁架各杆EA 相同,在荷载作用下,AD 杆的轴力为F NDA = F 2 2 。 2.图(a )所示单跨梁受支座移动作用,其中支座A 转动角度θ,支座B 下沉距离a 。 用力法求解,取基本体系如图(b )所示,则基本方程中自由项=?C 1 θl a - 。 3. 图示结构用力矩分配法计算时,分配系数AD μ为 2/3 ,AD 杆D 端的弯矩 =DA M 100/3kN (顺时针为正)。 m kN .100

2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题及详解

2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题 (总分:100.00,做题时间:180分钟) 一、ⅠReadingComprehension 二、Passage1 Speechissofamiliarafeatureofdailylifethatwerarelypausetodefineit.Itseemsasnatural tomanaswalkingandonlylesssothanbreathing.Yetitneedsbutamoment'sreflectiontoconvinceus thatthisnaturalnessofspeechisbutanillusoryfeeling.Theprocessofacquiringspeechis,insob erfact,anutterlydifferentsortofthingfromtheprocessoflearningtowalk.Inthecaseofthelatt erfunction,culture,inotherwords,thetraditionalbodyofsocialusage,isnotseriouslybrought intoplay.Thechildisindividuallyequipped,bythecomplexsetoffactorsthatwetermbiologicalh eredity,tomakealltheneededmuscularandnervousadjustmentsthatresultinwalking.Indeed,the veryconformationofthesemusclesandoftheappropriatepartsofthenervoussystemmaybesaidtobe primarilyadaptedtothemovementsmadeinwalkingandinsimilaractivities.Inaveryrealsense,th enormalhumanbeingispredestinedtowalk,notbecausehiselderswillassisthimtolearnthear t,butbecausehisorganismispreparedfrombirth,orevenfromthemomentofconception,totake onallthoseexpendituresofnervousenergyandallthosemuscularadaptationsthatresultinwalkin g.Toputitconcisely,walkingisaninherent,biologicalfunctionofman. Notsolanguage.Itisofcoursetruethatinacertainsensetheindividualispredestinedtotalk ,butthatisdueentirelytothecircumstancethatheisbornnotmerelyinnature,butinthelapofasoc ietythatiscertain,reasonablycertain,toleadhimtoitstraditions.Eliminatesocietyandthere iseveryreasontobelievethathewilllearntowalk,if,indeed,hesurvivesatall.Butitisjustasce rtainthathewillneverlearntotalk,thatis,tocommunicateideasaccordingtothetraditionalsys temofaparticularsociety.Or,again,removethenew-bornindividualfromthesocialenvironmenti ntowhichhehascomeandtransplanthimtoanutterlyalienone.Hewilldeveloptheartofwalkinginhi snewenvironmentverymuchashewouldhavedevelopeditintheold.Buthisspeechwillbecompletelya tvariancewiththespeechofhisnativeenvironment.Walkingthenisageneralhumanactivitythatva riesonlywithinarestrictedlimitaswepassfromindividualtoindividual.Itsvariabil ityispurposeless.Speechisahumanactivitythatvarieswithoutassignablelimitaswepassfr omsocialgrouptosocialgroup,becauseitisapurelyhistoricalheritage,theproductoflong-cont inuedsocialusage.Itvariesasallcreativeeffortvaries-notasconsciously,perhaps,butnoneth elessastrulyasdothereligions,thebeliefs,thecustoms,andtheartsofdifferentpeoples.Walki ngisanorganic,instinctivefunction,speechisanon-instinctive,acquired,"cultural"functio n. (1).ThefirstsentenceofParagraphTwo,"Notsolanguage"istheclosestinmeaningto______. " A.thisisnotthecasewithlanguage " B.soislanguageandnotanythingelse " C.nosuchathingexistsinlanguage " D.notsomuchwithlanguage A.√ B. C. D. 解析:细节推理题。Notsolanguage承接首段的最后一句话,将language与walking进行对比,上文提及"行走是人类与生俱来的一种生物功能",而语言则不是。选项A与文中的意思最接近。故答案为A。

最新-结构力学试卷(A卷答案)河海大学资料

2014-2015学年第一学期结构力学期末考试试卷(A 卷参考答案) (水工、农水、港航、大禹专业12级) 学号 专业 姓名 成绩 一、判断题(正确的打√,错误的打×)(每小题2分,共6分) 1. 除荷载外,其它因素如温度变化、支座移动等也会使结构产生位移,因而也就有可能使静定结构产生内力。 ( × ) 2. 杆件结构的内力与杆件的弹性常数和截面尺寸有关,即与杆件的刚度有关。在荷载作用下, 内力与各杆的相对刚度有关,而在温度改变和支座移动作用下,其内力与各杆的绝对刚度有关。 ( × ) 3. 当三铰拱的轴线为合理拱轴线时,在荷载作用下,各截面的弯矩不一定为零。 ( √ ) (4学分土木专业不做) 二、选择题(选择一个正确答案)(每小题3分,共9分) 1. 右图所示平面杆件体系为 ( A ) A. 无多余约束的几何不变体系 B. 有多余约束的几何不变体系 C. 瞬变体系 D. 常变体系 2.图示桁架结构中,a 杆的轴力为( A )。 3.已知图a 所示结构(各杆EI 相等且为常数)由支座移动?引起1、2处的竖向位移均为1?,则在该结构1、2处作用 1F 时(如图b 所示),引起的支座反力R F = ( C )。 A. 112F ?- ? B. 12? C. 11 2F ?? D. 12F P 2P P A P B P C D 0

1212 图(a)图(b) 三、填空题(每小题3分,共9分) 1. 图示刚架结构中各杆EI相等且为常数,则在图示荷载作用下支座3处的弯矩支座反力= 3 M 逆时针) ( . 20m kN,竖向支座反力 3 R y F=向下) ( 15kN。 m 4m 4 2.图(a)所示刚架受支座移动作用,其中支座C转动角度θ,支座B下沉距离?。用力法求解,取基本体系如图(b)所示,则基本方程中自由项= ? C 1 ? - θa。(4学分土木不做) ? ? 1 图(a) 图(b) 3. 图示结构用力矩分配法计算时,分配系数 AC μ为 6 1 ,AD杆D端的弯矩 = DA M 200 3 -(顺时针为正)。

结构力学试卷答案

试卷1 一、是非题(每题2分,共10分) 1.功的互等定理仅适用于线性变形体系。 ( ) 2. 对图2中a图所示桁架用力法计算时,取图b作为基本体系(杆AB被去掉),则 其典型方程为:。() 图 2 图3 3.图3所示梁在一组移动荷载组作用下,使截面K产生最大弯矩的最不利荷载 位置如图(a)所示。() 4. 图示结构用位移法求解时,基本未知量数目为3,用力法求解,则基本未知量 数目为5。() 5. 位移法典型方程的右端项一定为零。() 二、填空题(共18分) 1.图1所示体系是________________体系,它有______个多余约束。(4分)

图 1 图2 2.图2所示桁架杆1的内力为。(4分) 3.力法方程中柔度系数代 表 ,自由项代 表 。(4分) 4.已知荷载作用下结构的M图如图所示,画出其剪力图。(6分) 图4 M 图 Q图

三、作图示结构的M、Q图。d=2m。(20分)

四、用力法计算,并作图示对称结构M图。EI=常数。(20分) 五、用位移法计算图示刚架,并画出M图。(20分) 六、作图示梁的的影响线,并利用影响线求给定荷载作用下的 值。(12分)

课程名称:结构力学I(样卷解答)考试班级:土木02(1、2、3、水建)

一、是非题(每题2分,共10分) 1.( ? ) 2. ( ′ ) 3. ( ′ ) 4. ( ′ ) 5. ( ? ) 二、填空题(共18分) 1._几何不变体系(3分), 0 (1分) 2. 0 (4分) 3. 基本结构在 1 j X 作用下产生的沿i X 的位移(2分) 基本结构在仅荷载作用下产生的沿i X 的位移(2分) 4. 5ql/ 8 (6分) 正负号各1分 三、(20分) 支座反力20KN?, 10KN-, 20KNˉ, 10KN- 每个图形10分,每根杆2分 M 图 (KN.m ) Q 图 (KN) 每根杆符号错扣1分 四、. (20分) 2分) (3分)

2003年南京大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2003年南京大学考博英语真题及详解 SECTION I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(20%) (略) SECTION II STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(35%) Part A Directions:Questions31-40are incomplete sentences.Beneath each sentence you will see four-words or phrases,marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. 31.This platform would collapse if all of us______on it. A.stand B.stood C.would stand D.had stood 【答案】B 【解析】一般现在时的虚拟语气结构,主句用would+动词,从句用一般过去式。 32.The young man who saw the car______into the river telephoned the police. A.plunged B.plunge

C.was plunging D.to plunge 【答案】B 【解析】see sth.do表示看到事物动作的整个过程,这里表示看见车陷入河里。 33.You can come with me to the museum this afternoon______you don’t mind walking for half an hour. A.unless B.so far as C.except D.if 【答案】D 【解析】句意为“如果你不介意走半个小时路的话,你今天下午就跟我一块去博物馆吧。” 可知为D,其余三项均不通。 34.We can rely on William to carry out this mission,for his judgment is always ______. A.inexplicable B.healthy C.sound D.straight 【答案】C

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***学院期末考试试卷 考试科目《结构力学》考 试卷类型 A 答案试 考试形式闭卷成 考试对象土木本科绩 一、填空题( 20 分)(每题 2 分) 1.一个刚片在其平面内具有 3 个自由度;一个点在及平面内具有 2 自由 度;平面内一根链杆自由运动时具有3个自由度。 2.静定结构的内力分析的基本方法截面法,隔离体上建立的基本方程是平衡方程。 3.杆系结构在荷载,温度变化,支座位移等因素作用下会产生变形和位移。 4.超静定结构的几何构造特征是有多余约束的几何不变体系。 5.对称结构在对称荷载作用下,若取对称基本结构和对称及反对称未知力,则其 中反对称未知力等于零。 6.力矩分配法适用于没有侧移未知量的超静定梁与刚架。 7.绘制影响线的基本方法有静力法法和机动法法。 8.单元刚度矩阵的性质有奇异性和对称性。 9.结构的动力特性包括结构的自阵频率;结构的振兴型;结构的阻尼。 10. 在自由振动方程... 2 y(t) 0 式中, y(t ) 2 y(t )称为体系的自振频 率,称为阻尼比。

二、试分析图示体系的几何组成(10 分) (1)(2)答案: (1)答:该体系是几何不变体系且无余联系。 (2)答:该体系是几何不变体系且无多余联系。 三、试绘制图示梁的弯矩图(10分) ( 1)(2) 答案: (1)(2) M图 四、简答题( 20 分) 1.如何求单元等效结点荷载?等效荷载的含义是什么?答案: 2.求影响线的系数方程与求内力方程有何区别? 答案: 3.动力计算与静力计算的主要区别是什么? 答案:

4.自由振动的振幅与那些量有关? 答案 五、计算题( 40 分) 1、用图乘法计算如图所示简支梁 A 截面的转角 A 。已知EI=常量。(10分) 答案: 解:作单位力状态,如图所示。分别作出M p和 M 图后,由图乘法得: 2.试作图示伸臂量的F By M K的影响线。 答案: F By的影响线 M K的影响线

2012四川大学考博英语真题及答案详解

四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1)Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? I t was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing a s “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to tradi t ional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C) 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C) 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language(B)

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1 2014 — 2015学年第一学期结构力学期末考试试卷( A 卷参考答案) (水工、农水、港航、大禹专业 12级) 学号 _____________ 专业 _____________ 姓名 ______________ 成绩 _____________ 一、判断题(正确的打V,错误的打X )(每小题2分,共6分) 1. 除荷载外,其它因素如温度变化、支座移动等也会使结构产生位移,因而也就有可能使静定 结构产生内力 2. 杆件结构的内力与杆件的弹性常数和截面尺寸有关,即与杆件的刚度有关。在荷载作用下, 内力与各杆的相对刚度有关,而在温度改变和支座移动作用下,其内力与各杆的绝对刚度有关。 (X ) 3. 当三铰拱的轴线为合理拱轴线时,在荷载作用下,各截面的弯矩不一定为零。 (V ) (4 学分土木专业不做) 二、选择题(选择一个正确答案)(每小题3分,共9分) 1. 右图所示平面杆件体系为 A. 无多余约束的几何不变体系 B. 有多余约束的几何不变体系 C. 瞬变体系 D. 常变体系 2. 图示桁架结构中,a 杆的轴力为( 2D B P 2 D 0 3. 已知图a 所示结构(各杆El 相等且为常数)由支座移动 结构1、2处作用 R 时(如图b 所示),引起的支座反力 F R = ( C )。 A P C ,2P 引起1、2处的竖向位移均为 1,则在该

A. 2F1 B. 2 1 C. 2F1 1 D. 2F1 1

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