(外研版)初中英语笔记 初一(下)
（外研版）初中英语笔记
初一（下）
Module 1 People and places
1. 现在进行时㈠㈡
⑴现在进行时的构成：
肯定句：主语+be+动词-ing+….
They are lying in the sun.
否定句：主语+be+动词-ing+…
She isn’t listening to music.
一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词-ing+…
一般疑问句的回答：Yes, 主语+be的相应形式。
No, 主语+am not/ isn’t/ aren’t.
---Are you talking with Lisa on the phone?
---Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
特殊疑问句：疑问代/副词（作主语）+be+动词-ing+…？
What game are the children playing now?
疑问代/副词+ be+主语+动词-ing+…？
Who is singing in the next room？
⑵现在进行时的用法：①表示正在进行的行为
如：He is cleaning his room now.
他正在打扫房间。
②表示移动的终止性动词（如come, go, run, leave, start,
begin, arrive, return等）,用于进行时表将来。如：
We’re leaving for Hong Kong next week.
⑶现在分词（动词-ing）的变化规律:
⑷常与现在进行时连用的时间状语：now现在, right now现在,
at the moment现在.
2. talk to sb.=talk with sb. 同某人谈话。
3. enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事。
Eg. She enjoys swimming.
enjoy sth. 喜爱某物。
Eg. I enjoy the film very much.
4. other “其他的，另外的”
例：He has two sons, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
5. be shopping for “正在购物”
例：We’re shopping for new coats all the morning.
6. a lot 可以用来修饰动词，表示“很；非常”
Her sister looks a lot like her.
a lot of/ lots of“大量；许多”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词均可。如：There are a lot of teachers outside the building.
Her husband earns lots of money.
Module 2 Spring Festival
1.help sb. with sth.=help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
如：My father is helping me with my homework.
2.get ready for 为……准备好
3.learn to do sth. 学会做某事
4.decorate …with…用……来装饰
5.give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb.给某人某物
6.①be interested in+某人/某物“对……感兴趣”
如：He maths.
②be interested in doing. 对做某事感兴趣
如：Betty is interested in cooking.
Module 3 Plans
1.一般将来时㈠：be going to
2.表示打算、计划做某事，用be going to do sth.
如：They are going to China for a visit.
3. make a plan for…为……做计划
4. revise 表示“（考试前）温习（功课）”
如：Linda is revising her maths for the exam next week.
5. look forward to +n./ doing sth. “期待……,盼望……”
如：I’m look forward to my holiday.
They are look forward to visiting Beijing.
7.do some sightseeing（观光，游览）, do some cleaning（打扫卫生）,
do some reading（看书）, do some washing（洗衣服）
Module 4 Life in the future
1. 一般将来时㈡：will
①表示未来的事实或对将来的预测，用“will+动词原形“来表示。
如：Students will use computer to learn.
②will表示的一般将来时，没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式为
will not或缩写为won’t。
如：He won’t use books.
③一般将来时态用在there be句型中为“There will be…”;
be going to也可以用在there be句型中，即“There is going to be…”
或“There are going to be…”
④常与一般将来时连用的时间状语：in the future, next week/month,
tomorrow, in+一段时间, the day after tomorrow…
2.everyone “每个人”, no one“无人”（作单数用，不与of连用）
如：
3. job“工作”，为可数名词
work“工作”，为不可数名词
4. 在英语中，动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+-ing”构成，有的相当于名词，因此可在句中作主语。如：
Drinking milk is good for you.
Walking and swimming are good exercise.
5. use …to…=with使用…….来做……
Students will use computers to study.
Students will study with computers.
6. 因果关系：because“因为”，so“所以”；在表示“因为……所以……”的句子中，because和so只能只选一个。用why提问时，就用because 来回答。如：
Planes will be very large so flying will be very cheap.
---Why can’t I go?
---Because you are ill.
Module 5 My hometown and country
1.形容词比较级⑴⑵：
①在对两者进行比较时，形容词要采用比较级的形式。
即“主语+be动词+形容词比较级+than+比较的对象”。如：Shanghai is busier than small cities.
②形容词比较级的构成:
2. be famous for表示“因……闻名”。如：
China is famous for the Great Wall.
be famous as表示“作为……而闻名”。如：
Zhou Jielun is famous as a singer.
3. be busy doing sth. ==be busy with sth.
表示“忙于做某事”。
4. population一般用作单数，表示“人口，居民”。如：
What’s the population of Canada.
China has a large population.
5. high & tall
high常指建筑物的高低，反义词为low；tall指人、动物、树木的高低，反义词为short。
6. 方位介词in, on, to
⑴范围之内用in，如：Beijing is in the north of China.
⑵相邻接壤用on，如：on the (east) of
⑶范围之外用to，如：to the (south) of
Module 6 The Olympic adventure
1.副词
英语中以-ly结尾的词多为副词，许多形容词后面加上-ly就构成副词。一般来说，副词是用来说明动词的，或用来修饰形容词或副词的，修饰动词的副词一般放在动词之后。如：
She gets up early.
She speaks English well.
The teacher speaks slowly and carefully.
2. be good at (doing ) sth.==do well in (doing ) sth. 擅长（做）某事。
I am good at English.或I do well in English.
He is good at running.或He does well in running.
3. be good for…“对…….有益”。如：
Running is good for my health.
4. be popular with “受…….欢迎”
5. ①It is +形容词+）+to do sth.表示“做某事（对某人）是......
的”。如：It’s difficult for her to learn English.
②It is +形容词表示“做某事（对某人）是......
的”。其形容词表示的是某人的品质、特征，如：kind, wise, good, nice, right, clever。例子：
It’s very kind of you to say so.
③形容词-ed形式多表示人的状态：bored, tired, relaxed…主语为人
如：Danny is lying in the bed and he is relaxed.
④形容词-ing形式“令人…….”，主语为事物。
It’s more dangerous than running ang cycling.
Module 7 Planes, boats and trains
1. 形容词、副词的最高级
①对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较，来表达最高、最远、最快等意义的时候，可用形容词和副词的最高级形式来表达。
如：
It is the longest journey.那是最远的路途。
I live closest to my school.我住的离学校最近。
②形容词、副词的最高级的构成
③不规则变化：
④最高级没有比较对象，后面不接than结构。如果要表明比较多范围时，一般接“of…/in…” (of是同类事物范围内进行比较；in是在一定地域空间内进行比较。)如：
Jack is the tallest of the five boys.
Tom lives the farthest from the school in our class.
⑤形容词最高级一般要加定冠词the,而副词的最高级前可加可
不加。
2. in+一段时间:意为一段时间后或用多长时间。用于一般将来时。
3. one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式“最……之一”
She is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
4. spend, take, pay, cost.
①spend+金钱（时间）+on sth.“在某事上花费金钱(或时间)
spend+金钱（时间）+(in) doing sth. “做某事花费……”
主语为人。如：I spent two hours in reading the magazine.
Lily spent ten yuan on the book.
②It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”
It takes me two hours to do my homework.
③pay“支付”，主语为人，pay for
I paid 50 yuan for this dress.
④cost 不用人作主语，可带双宾语
It will cost you 20 yuan to buy the bool.
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事；
stop to do sth. （停下别的事）开始做某事
6. 9?hours 读作nine and a half hours(九个半小时)
整数与分数之间在读的时候须用and连接。
Module 8 My past life
1. 一般过去时⑴⑵⑶⑷⑸：
㈠be动词一般过去时的各种形式：
肯定句：主语+was/were+…（主语为第三人称单数用was）
I was in London last year.
否定句：主语+was not/were not+…
He wasn’t in London last year.
一般疑问句：was/were+主语+…
一般疑问句回答：Yes,单数主语+was./Yes,复数主语+were.
No,单数主语+wasn’t./ No,复数主语+weren’t.
---Was she at class yesterday?
---Yes, she was./No, she wasn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问代词（副词）+was/were(+主语)+…?
When were you born?
㈡一般动词的过去时态的各种形式：
肯定句：主语+动词的过去时态+…
We arrived just a few minutes ago.
否定句：主语+did not(或didn’t)+动词原形+…
He didn’t go to the cinema.
一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+…?
一般疑问句回答：Yes,主语+did./No, 主语+didn’t.
Did she travel to Beijing?
Yes, she did./No, she didn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问代词/副词(作主语)+动词的过去式+…?
疑问代词/副词+did+主语+动词原形+…?
Who took away my dictionary?
Where did you buy this beautiful dress?
㈢一般过去时的用法：用于叙述过去发生的事情，尤其是讲故事。
My father worked in that factory 30 years. Now he’s a retiree.
㈣常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：
last night/ year，yesterday, a few days ago, just now,
the other day（前天）, a moment ago, at that time
in the old days(在过去的岁月里), in the past.
㈤一般动词过去式的构成：
㈥不规则变化：如：
be---was/were, buy---bought, come---came,
do---did, get---got, go---went,
have---had, leave---left, meet---met,
read---read, send---sent, see---saw,
swim---swam, spend---spent, take---took,
write---wrote.
2.be strict in sth. 对某事严格。
如：Our teacher is strict in our study.
be strict with sb. 对某人严格。
如：Mr Li is very strict with his son.
3. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好。
be friendly with sb. 与某人友好相处。
Module 9 Story time
1. decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事。
2. begin to do sth./begin doing sth.开始做某事。
3. try to do sth. 尝试做某事。
try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事。
4. point at ﹠point on“指向……”前者侧重于近距；后者侧重较远事物。
5. ①(be) asleep 表“睡着的”的状态，作表语，只能用fast修饰。如：
My brother is fast asleep in the bed.
The children are asleep in the car.
②go to sleep 意为“睡着，入睡”，强调调动作。
③go to bed 意为“上床睡觉”，着重指上床准备睡觉的动作。如：
I’m tired. I’m going to bed.
④sleep 强调“睡觉”的动作，是延续性动词，与时间段状语连用。
The baby is sleeping.
⑤sleepy “困乏的”，feel sleepy
⑥wake up “唤醒”，“动词+副词”短语
6. hurry to +地点==go/ come (to)+地点+in a hurry
表示“匆忙去某地”
7. without“无；没有”。后接名词、代词、动名词。
Module 10 Life history
1. 月份：
January一月，February二月，March三月，
April四月，May五月，June六月，
July七月，August八月，September九月，
October十月，November十一月，December十二月
（以上月份可缩写为Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May……）
2. at the age of+基数词“在……岁时”，可与when引导的时间状语从句连用。如；at the age of five ,he began to learn Beijing Opers.
3. move to +地名“搬到……地方去”。如：
He moved to Shanghai in 1995.
4. marry “结婚、嫁、娶”
①作不及物动词，不跟宾语。如：
Shakespeare married in 1582.
②作及物动词，marry sb. “嫁给某人，与某人结婚”
She married that famous writer.
③be/get married (to sb.).“与某人结婚”。be married 表状态；get married 表动作。
④marry不与with连用.
5. join, join in, take park in “参加”
①join指加入团体、组织或某个人群中。
My father joined the party ten years ago.
②join in sb. 指参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动。
Jane wants to join in the singing competition.
③take park in 指参加会议、讨论、战争等活动。
6. enjoy +v-ing.
enjoy +n.
Module 11 National heroes
1. What do you think of…?用来询问某人对某一事物的看法。如：
What do you think of our new teacher?
2. work on “从事；继续工作”。如：
He is working on a new book.
My mother is working on cooking.
3. 复合形容词:数词-名词单数-形容词
“数词-year-old”相当于“of+数词+years old”
如：My cousin is an eight-year-old boy.
Module 12 A holiday journey
1. spend+金钱（时间）+on sth.“在某事上花费金钱(或时间) spend+金钱（时间）+(in) doing sth. “做某事花费……”主语为人。如：I spent two hours in reading the magazine.
Lily spent ten yuan on the book.
2. on holiday“在度假”
3. go for a walk“散步”
4. hope to do sth.“希望做某事”
I hope to be your good firend.
hope+从句
I hope he will go back soon.
5. say hello to sb. 向某人问好
say goodbye to sb. 向某人道别
6. reach, get to, arrive in/ at “到达”
①reach为及物动词，如：I reached Beijing last night.
②get to+地名。如：John got to the park at nine this moring.
③arrive为不及物动词，后接in/ at。
④get, arrive等不及物动词接here, there, home等副词时，介词省
略。
7. it takes sb. …(时间) to do sth. “某人做某事需要……时间”
It takes me half an hour to go to school every day.
外研版七年级下英语原文及翻译
2013新外研版七年级下英语全册课文 Module 1 Lost and found Unit2 Are they yours? The Lost and Found Office in New York City Welcome to the New York City Lost and Found Office. People often lose things when they’re travelling or when they’re in a hurry. They leave things o n planes, on trains, on buses and in taxis. That’s why there are lost and found offices at airports and stations. 欢迎来到纽约市失物招领处人们在旅行时或者是匆忙之间经常会丢弃东西。他们把东西落在飞机上、火车上、汽车上或出租车上。那就是为什么机场和车站会设有失物招领处。 The New York City Lost and Found Office is very big. Hundreds of people come here every day. They are looking for their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many other things. We usually have about two thousand mobile phones and one thousand cameras. 纽约市失物招领处非常大。每天会有上百人来到这里他们来找他们的电话机、照相机、手表、计算机和许多其他东西。我们通常大约有两千部手机和一千部照相机。 At the moment, there are also some strange things at the New York City Lost and Found Office. There are about a hundred bikes and a large boat. There are also a lot of animals. This week, there are three dogs, two ducks and a pig! Whose are they? Are they yours? We don’t know! Are you looking for fifteen kilos of sausages? They’re here too! 此时此刻，在纽约市失物招领处还有一些不同寻常的东西。那里大约有三百辆自行车和一艘大船，还有许多动物，本周有三只狗，两只鸭子和一头猪！它们是谁的？它们是你的吗？我们不知道，你正在寻找十五公斤重的香肠吗？它们在这里！ Module 2 What can you do? Unit2 I can run really fast. It’s the start of the new term and we’re choosing our new monitors. 现在是新学期的开始，我们正在选新一届的班委。 I’d like to be the class monitor. I get on well with everyone, classmates and teachers. I work very hard, and I do well at school .I’m kind and I’m always ready t o help others. I can even help teachers too. Choose me as your class monitor and I promise to help YOU! 我想当班长。我和每个人，无论同学还是老师都相处得很融洽。我学习刻苦，成绩优秀。我很善良，总乐于助人，针织还能帮老师的忙。选我做你们的班长吧，我保证会帮助你们的！ I want to be the PE monitor .I enjoy sport, and I can run really fast. I’m really fit and healthy. Just watch me in the playground between lessons! I play most ball games well. But I’m really good at football, and I play basketball in the school team. I usually get the best score in every match. Choose me for the PE monitor and you can get the best score too! 我想当体育委员。我喜欢运动，跑的很快，非常强健。就看看课件我在操场上的样子吧！大部分的球类运动我都很擅长，但是我最擅长的是足球，而且我还是学校篮球队的队员。通常，我在每场比赛都得最高分。选我做体育委员吧，你们也能取得最好的成绩. I’d like to be the cleaning monitor. I often help my mother do cleaning at home and I like a clean and tid y house. I’m sure everybody would like a clean classroom, just like home. Choose me and we can make our classroom beautiful. 我希望成为卫生委员。我在家经常帮妈妈打扫房间，我喜欢又干净又整洁的房子，我相信每个人都想要一个干干净净的教室，就像家一样。选我吧，我们可以把教室装扮的更漂亮。Module 3 Making plans Unit 2 We are going to cheer the players
外研版七年级英语下册详细知识点汇总
外研版七年级英语下册详细知识点汇总 1、词汇 1、辨析watch，look，look at与see watch是及物动词，意思是“观看；注视”，常用来指看电视、看球赛、看戏等。l ook为不及物动词，单独使用，用以引起对方的注意。l ook at 是由动词look和介词at组成的词组，后面可以带宾语，侧重“看”的动作。s ee为及物动词，意为“看见”，侧重“看”的结果。 2、 call v、①打电话call sb、给、、、、、、打电话call +某人+ at +电话号码(用这个号码打电话给某人）eg: Please call John at 035-73 28、请打找约翰。 ②称呼eg: They call me Tina、他们叫我蒂娜。 3、辨析every day和everyday every day 是副词词组，在句子中间做状语，表示“每天，天天”。eg: We speak English everyday、 everyday是形容词，在句子中只做定语，表示“日常的，每天的”。eg: Let’s learn some everyday English、 4、辨析everyone和every one everyone意为“每个人”，只指人，不指物，不与of短语连用。Everyone在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。eg: Is everyone here today? 今天大家都来了吗？
every one既可以指人，也可以指物，可与介词of连用。eg: Every one of us has a chance to speak at the meeting、我们每个人都有机会在会上发言。 5、辨析look for与find look for意为“寻找”，指有目的的找，强调“寻找”这一动作。eg: What are you looking for?你在找什么？ I’m looking for my bike、我在找我的自行车。f ind意为“找到；发现”，强调“找”的结果，其宾语往往是某个丢失的 东西或人。eg: I’m looking for my bag, but I can’t find it、我找我的书包，但我没找到。 6、辨析talk, speak, tell与say talk意为“谈话；讲话”，如果只有一方对另一方说话时，一般用talk to，如果双方或多方交谈时，多用talk with。s peak意为“说话；讲话”， 后面常接语言。speak to 意为“和… …谈话、讲话” tell意为“告诉；讲述”。tell sb、 sth、告知某人某事 tell sb、 to do sth、告诉某人去做某事 tell sb、 not to do sth、告诉某人不要做某事 say 意为“说”，后常跟说话内容。 2、短语 1、lost and found box lost和found分别是动词lose和find的过去分词形式，过去分词可以修饰名词作定语，lost在这里意为“丢失的”，found意为“找到的”，它们作定语修饰名词box。
外研版初一英语(下)词组
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