英语中的非谓语动词 详解

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英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用

英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用

英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用在英语语法中,非谓语动词是指在句子中不能独立充当谓语,而是通过与其他词语搭配来发挥作用的动词形式。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

本文将对这三种非谓语动词进行详细的讲解,帮助读者更好地理解和运用。

一、动词不定式1.定义和形式:动词不定式是由动词原形加上"to"构成的形式,表示不完整的动作或状态。

例如:to eat, to dance。

2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。

例如:To learn a new language is challenging.(2)作宾语:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,表示动作的目的或意图。

例如:I want to learn English.(3)作表语:动词不定式可以作为系动词的表语,表示身份、偏好、目的等。

例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(4)作定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限定的作用。

例如:The best way to improve English is to practice more.(5)作状语:动词不定式可以表示时间、目的、方式等状语的作用。

例如:I went to the park to relax.3.特殊用法:(1)省略to:在某些情况下,不定式的to可以省略,例如在助动词let、make、help等后面。

例如:Let me go.(2)动词不定式的时态:动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但可以根据不同的时间来使用不同的时态。

例如:I want to go shopping.(现在时态)I wanted to go shopping.(过去时态)二、动名词1.定义和形式:动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的形式,可以作为名词使用。

例如:swimming, running。

2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。

非谓语动词讲解举例子英语

非谓语动词讲解举例子英语

非谓语动词讲解举例子英语非谓语动词(Non-finite verbs)是指在句子中不作谓语,也不与主语呼应的动词形式。

在英语中,非谓语动词主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

它们可以用作形容词、副词、主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。

1. 动词不定式(Infinitives):动词不定式通常由"to"引导,但在某些情况下,不定式也可以省略"to"。

例1:I want to go shopping after work.例2:He likes swimming in the ocean.例3:She tried to solve the math problem.2. 动名词(Gerunds):动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词,可以作为主语、宾语或介词的宾语。

例1:Swimming is my favorite hobby.例2:I enjoy reading books in my spare time.例3:He insisted on driving to the party.3. 分词(Participles):分词一般分为现在分词(-ing形式)和过去分词(-ed或不规则形式)。

- 现在分词:例1:The running horse caught my attention.例2:She saw a falling star in the night sky.例3:The crying baby needs to be comforted.- 过去分词:例1:The broken window needs to be repaired.例2:They were fascinated by the painted landscape.例3:The stolen wallet was found by the police.非谓语动词常见的使用方式包括:1. 作为主语:例:To win the competition requires a lot of effort and practice. 例解:赢得比赛需要很多努力和练习。

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。

1)不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。

例如:2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词,意为"值得"。

1) worth:be worth + n.当名词为金钱时,表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth(someone’s)while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。

2) worthy:be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile:be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。

典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知,此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。

选C。

动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。

初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词

初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词

初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词非谓语动词(一)教学重点动词不定式在英语中,不充当句子谓语的动词,叫作非谓语动词。

由于非谓语动词不受主语的限制,没有时态和语态,所以又叫非限定动词。

非限定动词有三种形式:动词不定式;动名词和分词。

1、动词不定式(1)动词不定式的构成和性质动词不定式是一种非谓语动词,所谓非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。

正因为如此,它不受主语的人称和数的限制,没有人称和数的变化,但它具有动词的某些特征,可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语。

其构成是:“to + 动词原形”,否定式是“not to +动词原形”。

to是不定式符号,无词义。

(2)动词不定式的用法动词不定式除了不能作谓语外,可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

①作主语To learn English well is not easy.To drive fast is quite dangerous.不定式作主语时常常用it作形式主语,不定式放在谓语之后以上两个例句可以写成:It is not easy to learn English well.It is quite dangerous to drive fast.这种用法可以归纳成这样一个句型:It is (not) + 形容词+ (for sb.) to do sth.It is very expensive for me to buy a car.It is very difficult for a child to do that job.有些形容词之后跟of + 名词(代词宾语)+不定式。

如:It is very kind of you to say so.It is very good of you to come.②作表语。

如:My job is to teach English.The first thing is to ring him up.③作宾语。

中学英文中的非谓语动词用法详解

中学英文中的非谓语动词用法详解

中学英文中的非谓语动词用法详解一、非谓语动词的基本概念非谓语动词是指在句子中不担任谓语成分的动词形式,主要包括动名词、不定式和分词(现在分词和过去分词)三种形式。

它们在句子中可以担任除谓语以外的各种成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

二、动名词的用法1. 动名词作主语动名词作主语时,通常表示一种习惯性的动作或抽象的概念。

例如:Reading books is a good habit.(读书是个好习惯。

)2. 动名词作宾语动名词常作为某些动词的宾语,如like, enjoy, finish等。

例如:I enjoy swimming in the river.(我喜欢在河里游泳。

)3. 动名词作定语动名词还可以作为定语,修饰名词。

例如:a sleeping bag(睡袋)三、不定式的用法1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常表示具体的、一次性的动作或未来的动作。

例如:To see is to believe.(眼见为实。

)2. 不定式作宾语不定式也常作为某些动词的宾语,如want, decide, hope等。

例如:I want to be a teacher.(我想成为一名教师。

)3. 不定式作补足语不定式还可以作为形容词或名词的补足语,进一步说明其意义。

例如:He is said to have gone abroad.(据说他出国了。

)4. 不定式作状语不定式有时也可以作为状语,表示目的、原因等。

例如:I came here to see you.(我来这里是为了见你。

)四、分词的用法1. 现在分词的用法现在分词主要表示主动和进行的意义。

1.1 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

例如:a running car(一辆正在行驶的汽车)1.2 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时,通常表示伴随的动作或状态。

例如:Standing by the window, he looked out at the garden.(他站在窗边,望着花园。

英语非谓语动词知识点总结

英语非谓语动词知识点总结

英语非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在(句子)中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。

下面我给大家共享一些英语非谓语动词学问,盼望能够关心大家,欢迎阅读!英语非谓语动词学问1不定式和动名词作主语的区分(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示详细动作。

Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。

(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

(详细)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或(阅历)。

不定式(短语)通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很好玩。

(阅历)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。

(阅历)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.英语非谓语动词学问2不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区分(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示详细动作,特殊是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither.一次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立即开头干。

2)假如主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。

To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。

3)假如主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job,plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解高中英语语法非谓语动词详解在高级英语语法中,非谓语动词是非常重要的一部分,也是理解和掌握英语语法的关键。

非谓语动词在句子中扮演着重要的角色,可以表达不同的意思和功能。

本文将详细解释非谓语动词的定义、类型和用法,并通过实例进行分析和解释。

一、定义和类型非谓语动词指的是在句子中不作为主要动词的动词形式,它们可以表达动词本身的含义,但没有主语和谓语动词。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种类型。

1、动词不定式:动词不定式是以“to+”动词原形构成的,表示动词的不同形式,如“to do”、“to being”、“to have done”等。

2、动名词:动名词是在动词后加上“-ing”构成的,表示动词的现在分词形式,如“playing”、“swimming”、“jumping”等。

3、分词:分词是动词的过去分词形式,分为现在分词和过去分词两种。

现在分词表示动词的动作正在进行,如“running”、“singing”、“dancing”等;过去分词表示动词的动作已经完成,如“finished”、“eaten”、“read”等。

二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中可以扮演不同的成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。

下面我们通过具体的例子来分析非谓语动词的用法:1、动词不定式:在句子中,动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。

例如,“To learn English is important”(学习英语很重要)中,动词不定式“to learn English”作为主语;或者在“I want to go home”(我想回家)中,动词不定式“to go home”作为宾语。

2、动名词:在句子中,动名词可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。

例如,“Playing sports is fun”(做运动很有趣)中,动名词“Playing sports”作为主语;或者在“I enjoy listening to music”(我喜欢听音乐)中,动名词“listening to music”作为宾语。

(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解

(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解

第二讲非谓语动词教学重点1, 非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别;2, 非谓语动词的各种形式和应用;3, 非谓语动词的考点解析。

一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1•谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

如:Miss Mary teaches us English .玛丽教我们英语。

(teaches是谓语动词。

)Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。

(to have a talk不定式作状语)2•谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

如:Tom likes the pop music.汤姆喜欢流行音乐。

(动词用第三人称单数形式)Tom has nothing to do today.汤姆今天没有什么事要做。

(do用原形)二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

其动能和形式如下:非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。

解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式;表语是动名词,主语也是动名词。

如:To see is to believe= See ing is believ ing.②动名词作主语的句型。

如:It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构:动词不定式的复合结构有两种:It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to de。

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非谓语动词(一)1.非谓语动词就是指在句子中不做谓语的动词。

在英语中一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词,再出现动词时就要变成非谓语动词。

Getting early is good for our health.I want to go home.My favorite sport is playing basketball.There is a bird singing in the tree.The house built last year has been sold out.非谓语中的主动关系和被动关系,不是从谁做了这个动作着眼,而是从恢复成一句话后是“主动语态”还是“被动语态”着眼。

先看下面两个题:wonderful, this kind of food enjoyed a good sale.A. TastedB. TastingThe food delicious sells well.A. smelledB. smelling以上两题中,逻辑关系可以表达为: This kind of food tasted wonderful. The food smells delicious.逻辑上food和taste. smell 是一种主谓关系,是主动语态,因此填现在分词。

因此,上两题的答案为 B和B主动关系:从逻辑关系上看,相当于主动语态The boy crying over there is Tom.(在那边哭的那个男孩)从逻辑上讲,the boy..cry, 男孩哭,相当于主动语态,是主动关系。

被动关系:从逻辑关系上看,相当于被动语态The house built last year is the strongest. (去年建的那座房子)从逻辑上讲,the house was built,房子被建,相当于被动语态,是被动关系。

非谓语动词包括:动名词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式。

动名词相当于名词,常在句中作住主语、宾语、表语,动名词作定语时表功能:a walking stick现在分词作定语表正在进行:a walking man.现在分词和过去分词常在句中作定语、状语和补语。

不定式不能做谓语。

过去分词和现在分词双写末尾字母(以l结尾)Control---controlling---controlled英式英语中双写末尾字母,美式英语中不双写末尾字母的动词travel,signal,label,equal,dial,quarrel过去分词和现在分词双写末尾字母(以r结尾)refer,prefer,star,stir以ic结尾,把c变为ck加ed和ingpicnic,panic非谓语动词做主语和表语动名词做主语或表语时强调经常性,不定式做主语或表语时强调将来特定的某一次Playing basketball is my favorite sport.To go to college is my dream.Her wish is to become a engineer.Some people’s greatest pleasure is fishing.2.it 作形式主语时,后面常用动词不定式作真正主语;也有用动名词作真正主语的1)动词不定式作主语时,为了避免句子头重足轻,常用it 作形式主语,而把动词不定式放在后面。

It is easy to learn English well.It is wrong to tell lies.2)no use (good)作表语时和nice meeting you中必须用动名词作真正主语It was nice meeting you.见到你很高兴。

(用于分别时) It's no good (use) doing that.那样做没好处(没用)。

3)表语是 nice, good, enjoyable, worthwhile,useless等形容词或fun, a waste of, job, task等名词或名词短语时,有用不定式也有用动名词作真正主语的It is useless doing that.那样做没用。

I think it is worthwhile having/ to have such a companion.It's a waste of time/money doing this.It's fun doing this.It's an awful job doing this.It is not an easy task doing this work.如果前面有实义动词do的形式,作表语的不定式常省略to What I want to do is paly basketball with you.非谓语动词做宾语1.有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语这类及物动词常见的有:agree同意 attempt试图 afford付得 ask要求apply申请 promise答应 care想要 choose选择decide决定 desire希望 determine决心 help帮助expect期望 fail未能 hope希望 intend打算learn学习 manage设法 offer提供 plan打算pretend假装 refuse拒绝 wish希望I expected to meet your friend, but my car broke down on the way.有些动词只能跟动名词作宾语常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词有:dislike不喜欢 forbid 禁止 deny否认 avoid避免miss错过 escape逃脱 advise建议 suggest建议consider考虑 discuss讨论 admit承认 excuse原谅forgive原谅 giveup放弃 allow允许 permit允许appreciate感激 enjoy喜爱 fancy设想 finish完成imagine想象 keep保持 mention提及 mind介意practice练习 prevent阻止 prohibit禁止 put off推迟delay推迟 risk冒险 stop停止 feel like想做某事You can keep this book until you have finish reading it.有些动词既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思上差别不大这类动词有start, begin, continue, prefer, bother 等。

He began to work/ working as soon as he got there. He prefers watching rugby to playing it.I'd prefer not to discuss this issue.You'd have found it if you'd bothered looking/ to look.但是,如果start和begin用于进行时或后面跟know,understand作宾语,宾语要用不定式。

如:The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.I soon began to understand what was happening.有些动词既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,但意思上有差别remember doing/having done记得以前曾经做的事remember to do记着要做某事forget doing/having done忘了以前曾经做的事forget to do忘记做某事regret doing sth.对做过的某事表示后悔regret to do 对要做的事感到遗憾mean to do打算做某事mean doing 意味着try to do尽力做某事try doing尝试着做某事want/ need/ require doing sth.跟动名词表示被动= want/need/require to be doneBe/get used to doing习惯于做某事used to do过去经常做某事be used to do被用来做can't help doing =can't help but do忍不住做某事can't help(to)do不能帮助做某事(此时to可省略)I. stop doing 停止正在做着的某事stop to do停下来做别的事情(to do是目的状语)go on doing 继续做原来做的事go on to do接着干别的事情like/ hate doing喜欢/讨厌某种行为(经常性)would like/ hate to do喜欢/讨厌去做某事(特定的某一-次)except,but后跟不定式时,如果前面有实义动词do的形式,不用to, 否则要带toThere is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.remain to be done 待做/待完成/待处理It remains to be seen whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.含有介词to的常考短语A. be addicted to 沉溺于: ....上瘾He is addicted to gambling.B. devote oneself to doing sth. /be devoted to doing sth.献身于做某事/专心致力于做某事......She devoted herself to helping the poor.C. be equal to doing sth.等于做某事,能胜任做某事This is equal to saying that he knows her well. D. object to doing sth.反对做某事have an objection to doing sth.反对(反感)做某He objected to being treated like a child.He has a strong objection to getting up so early.E. be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事I'm opposed to telling him the news at once.F. reduce sb. to doing sth使某人沧为..Hunger reduced them to stealing.He was reduced to begging for food.G. pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事We should pay more atention to uniting and working with the comrades who differ with us.H. be used to doing sth./be accustomed to doing sth.习惯于做某事John has got used to sleeping late.I am not accustomed to being treated like this.I. get down to doing sth.开始做某事,认真处理某事After lunch we got down to discussing the issue of pay.J. look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事I look forward to hearing from you.K. come/be near/close to doing sth.几乎快要做某事I was near to screaming.We had an outstanding season and came so close to winning the title again.L. in addition to doing sth. 除做某事之外In adition to giving me some advice,he gave me some money.M. key to doingsth.做某事的关键Yet transportation is the key to getting this food to the children and their families.N. make contributions to .....做贡献Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.O. when it comes to...谈到....时.There is no shortage of ideas when it comes to improving the education of children.P. on one's way to doing... 处在去做某事的过程中Alice just got into medical shool. She's on her way to becoming a doctor.非谓语动词做定语1.现在分间、过去分词、动词不定式作定语时,看被修饰词与该词之间的逻辑关系作定语的非谓语动词和被修饰词构成主动关系时,用现在现在分词形式The girl reading English over there is my sister. 定语的非谓语动词和被修饰词构成被动关系时,用过去分词形式The house bought last year is worth a fortune.做定语的非谓语动词表示将来特定某一次时,用动词不定式形式The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.2.the way后面常用不定式作定语(the way to help him=the way of helping him )That's the best way you thought of to stop people getting into the dangerous area.3.名词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作定语。

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