初中英语语法---句子的种类

合集下载

中考英语语法总复习:五大句子句型种类

中考英语语法总复习:五大句子句型种类

中考英语语法总复习:五大句子句型种类英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和There be句型。

英语句子按照其结构分为简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。

一、陈述句陈述句用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等,句末用“.”,一般读作降调。

包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

陈述句的语序一般为“主语部分+谓语部分”。

(一)陈述句的肯定形式陈述句的肯定形式分为两种,一种为正常语序,一种为倒装语序。

例句:Here comes the bus !公共汽车来了!例句:On the top of the mountain stands an old pine tree.山顶上长着一颗古松。

例句:We all felt excited when China succeeded in launching its first manned spaceship.当中国载人宇宙飞船发射成功后我们无比兴奋。

例句:If one has no greed and arrogance about life,nor does he have scare and timidness about death;one will not worry about death while living,nor will he yearn for life while dying.对生不会贪求与狂妄,对死也不会害怕与胆怯;于是生时不虑死,死时不恋生。

(二)陈述句的否定形式1)如果句子的谓语为be,have,can,could等,其否定形式便是在这些之后加not例句:Personality is the key. The man of grand personality is not afraid of loneliness.Every sublime creative artist and inventor has valued loneliness.个性是关键。

英语语法-句子的种类(史上最详细)

英语语法-句子的种类(史上最详细)

(4) 现在完成时和过去完成时的一般疑问句。 将助动词 have/has /had提至句首。 You have known her since your childhood? Have you known her since your childhood? 你从童年时就认识她吗? Yes I have /No I haven’t He had learned English before he came here? Had he learned English before he came here? 他来这之前就学过英语吗? Yes he had / No he hadn’t.
2.感叹句的种类
感叹句一般用what 或how开头,其具体用法如下:
(1) what引导的感叹句 (中心词是名词)
①What +a/an+ 形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!
What a cold day (it is) !
多么冷的一天啊!
What a clever boy (he is)! 多么聪明的男孩!
句子的种类
英语的句子按照用途可分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使 句和感叹句。
(一)陈述句
用来陈述一件事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫作陈述句, 句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否 定句。 I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。 Tom is not good at English. 汤姆英语学得不好。
(2) 情态动词的一般疑问句。 陈述句中有情态动词,直接将情态动词提至主语前。 You can bring me some bread. Can you bring me some bread? Yes I can / No I can’t I must do it now. Must I do it now? Yes you must / No you need not.

初中英语语法知识点整理总结

初中英语语法知识点整理总结

初中英语语法知识点整理总结一、基本语法1.词性:名词、形容词、副词、动词、代词、冠词、介词、连词、数词、感叹词2.句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语3.句子类型:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、条件句、比较句等二、句子结构1.简单句:由一个主语和一个谓语构成,表达一个完整的意思2.并列句:由两个或多个主句通过连词连接而成的句子3.复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子4.宾语从句:作为主句的宾语的从句5.定语从句:修饰名词的从句6.状语从句:作为主句的状语的从句三、时态1.一般现在时:表示经常性的动作或事实2.现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作3.一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态4.过去进行时:表示过去一些时间正在进行的动作5.现在完成时:表示过去的经验或动作对现在造成的影响6.过去完成时:表示过去一些时间或动作之前的完成动作四、语态1.被动语态:由动词的宾语和过去分词构成,强调动作的承受者而不是执行者2.主动语态:动词主语直接执行动作五、形容词和副词1.形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、形容词或副词2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级3.形容词和副词的用法及修饰位置六、名词1.可数名词和不可数名词的区别及用法2.名词的单数和复数形式3.名词所有格的构成和用法七、代词1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词等2.代词的主格和宾格形式3.代词的用法及位置八、冠词1.定冠词和不定冠词的区别及用法2.冠词的用法及位置九、动词1.动词的时态、语态、主动和被动形式2.动词的不同意思和用法3.动词的非谓语形式:不定式、现在分词、过去分词4.动词的用法和位置十、介词1.介词的基本用法和位置2.常用介词和短语的用法和搭配十一、连接词1.连词的分类及用法:并列连词、从属连词、关联连词等2.连词引导的从句的构成和用法以上是初中英语语法的一些基本知识点总结,希望能帮助到你。

记住这些基本知识点,然后通过大量的练习和阅读来巩固和运用,可以帮助你在英语学习中取得好的成绩。

初中英语语法句子的种类

初中英语语法句子的种类

初中英语语法句子的种类英语是国际通用语言,掌握良好的英语语法对于初中学生来说至关重要。

在学习英语语法时,了解并掌握不同种类的句子结构和用法是必不可少的。

本文将介绍初中英语语法中常见句子的种类,并对其结构和用法进行详细解析。

一、陈述句(Declarative Sentence)陈述句是最常见的句子类型,用于陈述事实、描述情况等。

陈述句一般由主语和谓语构成,常见的谓语动词有实义动词和系动词。

例如:1. My brother likes playing basketball.(我的弟弟喜欢打篮球。

)2. The cat is black.(这只猫是黑色的。

)二、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)疑问句用于询问问题,一般以动词开头。

根据回答方式,疑问句可分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。

1. 一般疑问句(Yes/No Questions):一般疑问句的回答通常是“Yes”或“No”。

构成方式:助动词(或者是be动词)+主语+谓语动词(去掉助动词)+其他?例如: Are you happy?(你开心吗?)Does he like swimming?(他喜欢游泳吗?)2. 特殊疑问句(WH-Questions):特殊疑问句通常以疑问词(如what, where, when, why, how等)开头,回答需要提供具体信息。

例如:What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)Where does she live?(她住在哪儿?)三、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)祈使句用于表达请求、命令或建议等,一般省略主语。

常用动词原形构成祈使句,例如:1. Sit down, please.(请坐。

)2. Don't be late for class.(上课不要迟到。

)四、感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)感叹句用于表达强烈的感情或情绪。

常常以感叹词(如how, what 等)开头。

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

图解语法1. 陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。

另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。

2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you?”意为“请求”,“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。

例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one,none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用they例句:Everyone is here, aren’t they?No one knows about it, do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然例如:They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she?? 陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定”解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?? 陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she?? 陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he?特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句.疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

图解语法1。

陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。

另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。

2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you?"意为“请求",“won't you?”表示提醒对方注意。

例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I?"而不用“am not I?”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one, none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用they例句:Everyone is here, aren't they?No one knows about it, do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one?⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然例如:They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn't she??陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定"解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he??陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she??陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn't he?特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。

初中语法句子种类讲解

初中语法句子种类讲解

初中语法句子种类讲解1. 命令句(Imperative Sentences):用于发出命令、请求或建议,常以动词开头。

例如:Close the door.(关上门。

)2. 陈述句(Declarative Sentences):用于陈述一个观点、描述一个事实或提供信息。

例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。

)3. 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):用于询问问题,常以疑问词或助动词开头。

例如:What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)4. 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):用于表示强烈的感情或感叹,并以感叹词开头或以感叹号结尾。

例如:What a beautiful view!(这是多么美丽的景色啊!)5. 祈使句(Optative Sentences):用于祝愿、祈求,常以动词开头。

例如:May you have a happy birthday.(愿你生日快乐。

)6. 条件句(Conditional Sentences):用于表达条件和结果之间的关系,包括三种类型:零条件句、一般条件句和虚拟条件句。

例如:If it rains, we will stay at home.(如果下雨,我们就会待在家里。

例如:She likes to read books, and he likes to play sports.(她喜欢看书,他喜欢运动。

)例如:I will go to bed early because I am tired.(因为我累了,所以我会早点上床睡觉。

)这些是初中语法句子的主要种类,根据不同的语法结构和用途,可以组成不同类型的句子。

英语语法句子的种类

英语语法句子的种类

英语语法句子的种类一、陈述句陈述句是最常见的句子类型,用于陈述事实、描述情况或表达观点。

例句:- I go to school every day.- She is a doctor.- They live in New York.二、疑问句疑问句用于询问信息、寻求答案或确认事实。

例句:- Do you like pizza?- Where is the nearest post office?- Did you see the movie?三、祈使句祈使句用于表达请求、命令、建议或劝告。

例句:- Please close the door.- Don't forget to bring your umbrella.- Let's go for a walk.四、感叹句感叹句用于表达惊讶、赞美、失望或其他强烈的情感。

例句:- What a beautiful sunset!- How delicious the food is!- I can't believe we won the game!五、条件句条件句用于表达条件和结果之间的关系。

例句:- If it rains, we will stay indoors.- Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.六、比较句比较句用于表示两个或多个事物之间的比较。

例句:- John is taller than Peter.- She sings better than him.- I prefer coffee to tea.七、否定句否定句用于否定陈述句中的内容。

例句:- I didn't see him at the party.- She doesn't like spicy food.- They haven't visited that museum before.。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

初中英语语法------句子的种类A英语中的句子按其使用目的,句子可分为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、和感叹句。

Eg:陈述句:This is a dog.疑问句:Is this a dog?祈使句:Open your eyes!感叹句:What a beautiful building it is!简单句:I am studying.并列句:I was born in a small village and I lived there for nearly ten years.复合句:As soon as I get there, I’ll call you.1 陈述句凡是说明一件事情,提出一个看法,或者是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。

大多数的句子都是陈述句,陈述句可以用肯定式和否定式。

陈述句句末用句号“.”,通常用降调。

Eg:We live in Beijing.We don’t live in Beijing.(1) be 动词、一般动词(实义动词)、情态动词的否定句I am not a student.I don’t know him.He can’t speak English.be 动词的否定句句型:主语+ be动词+ not + …I wasn’t good at English.They weren’t at home yesterday.He isn’t my cousin.进行时和被动语态都有be 动词,它们的否定句与be动词的否定句同形。

Eg:They aren’t cleaning the room.The child was not looked after by anybody.将来时(will,shall)、完成时及情态动词的被动语态不能用be动词否定句型。

They will not be sent to the front.They will be not sent to the front.×情态动词的否定句句型:主语+情态动词+ not + 动词原形Eg:I can’t do it myself.You mustn’t take the books out.You must not go there alone.一般动词的否定句句型:主语+ do/does/did + not + 动词原形Eg:They didn’t live in Shanghai.He doesn’t do his homework every day.They didn’t have the class-meeting yesterday afternoon.现在完成时的否定句句型:主语+ have/has+ not + 动词的过去分词+……I haven’t finished reading the book yet.He hasn’t had his breakfast yet.过去完成时的否定句句型:主语+ had+ not + 动词的过去分词+……He had n’t finished reading the book by the end of last month.(2).否定结构应注意事项使用not 的部分否定含有not的句子,如果使用了very, always以及不定代词all, both, every及every 的复合词,则表示部分否定。

Eg:I don’t play football very well.It isn’t always hot here in summer.not的其他否定表示1. not… at all 一点也不…I’m not tired at all.I don’t like it at all.2. not…any more, not… any longer 再也不…I don’t live here any longer. = I no long live here.I can not eat any more. = I can eat no more.使用not 以外的否定词表示否定1.用no表示:no+名词= not any…一点也不…There is no wind. = There is not any wind.2. never 绝不I will never forget you.He has never been abroad.3. few / little 几乎没有He has few friends.Few people understand the difference.I have little money.There is little water in the glass.4. no one = nobody 无人No one knows the answer.= Nobody knows the answer.5.nothing = not anything 什么也没有I have nothing to do today.6. none of …没有任何人;什么也没有None of them can answer it.I eat none of the food.7.含有否定副词seldom /hardly的句子He can hardly write his name.We seldom watch TV.too…to…(太…以至于不….) 的句型表示否定He is too old to work.2 祈使句表示请求、命令。

建议等。

句子没有时态变化,谓语动词一律用原形。

句子中通常不用主语,句末用感叹号或者句号,用降调。

1.含有第二人称主语的祈使句Be careful!Don’t make such a noise.肯定的祈使句型动词原形+ …+(省略主语)Stand up.Be quiet, please.1.有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do.Do sit down.Do study hard.2.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please时,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。

Go this way, please.3.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。

Li Ming, come here.Come here, Li Ming.否定的祈使句句型Don’t +动词原形+…Don’t swim in the river.Don’t be late.Please don’t be noisy.句型转换之祈使句和陈述句的改写祈使句= You must…Come here. = You must come here.Don’t do that again. = You mustn’t do that again.Please + 祈使句= Will you (please)…?Please help me. = Will you (please) me ?2 含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句Let’s say goodbye here.Don’t let him do that again.肯定的祈使句句型let+第一人称(me, us)+动词原形+…let+第三人称代词(him/her/it/them)或名词+动词原形+…let me try again.Let’s go at once.Let Tom go there himself.否定的祈使句Let’s + not + 动词原形+…Don’t let + 第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词原形+…Let’s not say anything about it.Don’t let them play with fire.句型转换Use your head and you will find a way.If you use your head, you will find a way.3 感叹句表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。

感叹句分为两种:一种以what引导,一种以how引导。

句尾用感叹号,通常用降调。

What a clever boy he is.How clever the boy is.1 what 引导的感叹句句型what + 名词(或形容词+名词)+陈述句(主语+谓语)What a beautiful city it is!What a fine day!What an honest man he is!What big apples these are!What a tall boy Tom is!What fools they are!2 how 引导的感叹句句型How+形容词或副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)!How hot it is today!How high the kite is flying!How beautiful the girl is!How fast he runs!How I want to be a teacher!How well she can skate!感叹句:How busy you are!疑问句:How busy are you?3 if only 引导的感叹句用if only 引导的感叹句通常表示一种强烈的愿望,特别是表示对一些不能实现的或没有实现的愿望的遗憾感。

句型if only +主语+ 一般过去时/wereIf only I knew her telephone number!If only he were here!句型if only +主语+ could / would + have +过去分词If only we could have gone to the party!4 其他形式的感叹句感叹句除用what和how引导外,还有许多其他形式,如可用陈述句,疑问句,祈使句等,有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可构成感叹句。

The garden looks so lovely today!Isn’t it a lovely day!Fire!Very good!陈述句用作感叹句时,句中通常有so, such, really等加强语气的词语,疑问句用作感叹句时,句子多为否定疑问句。

B句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。

一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子,其句式结构主要有五种:①主+ 谓。

He works in a big company .他在一家大公司工作。

②主+ 系+ 表。

She is a kind girl .她是一个善良的女孩。

相关文档
最新文档