To a Waterfowl by William Cullen Bryant (威廉柯伦布莱恩特《致水鸟》课件)讲诉
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译作赏析
• 披着滴落的露珠， 天空灿烂，白日的行程就要结束； 穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际， 你往何方把孤单的前程追逐？ 看你远远飞翔而无计可施， 捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾； 满天红霞把你映衬， 暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。 你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨， 还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？ 或者潮水冲刷的海滩， 那里的巨浪奔腾起伏？
To a Waterfowl
by William Cullen Bryant
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Whither, 'midst falling dew, While glow the heavens with the last steps of day, Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue Thy solitary way? Vainly the fowler's eye Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong, As, darkly painted on the crimson sky, Thy figure floats along. Seek'st thou the plashy brink Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide, Or where the rocking billows rise and sink On the chafed ocean side? There is a Power whose care Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,-The desert and illimitable air,-Lone wandering, but not lost.
2.4 Main works
• Discourse on the Life, Character and Writings of Gulian Crommelin Verplanck (English) (as Author) • Letters of a Traveller Notes of Things Seen in Europe and America (English) (as Author) • The Little People of the Snow (English) (as Author) • Poems (English) (as Author) • Poetical Works of William Cullen Bryant Household Edition (English) (as Author)
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从一地又到一地， 天空无垠，你的飞翔从无迟误； 愿引领你的向导把我引领， 孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步。
2.1 Youth and Education
• Bryant was born on November 3, 1794,He was the second son of Peter Bryant, a doctor and later a state legislator, and Sarah Snell. His maternal ancestry traces back to passengers on the Mayflower; his father's, to colonists who arrived about a dozen years later. Bryant and his family moved to a new home when he was two mestead, his boyhood home, is now a museum. After just two years at Williams College, he studied law in Worthington and Bridgewater in Massachusetts, and he was admitted to the bar in 1815. He then began practicing law in nearby Plainfield, walking the seven miles from Cummington every day. On one of these walks, in December 1815, he noticed a single bird flying on the horizon; the sight moved him enough to write "To a Waterfowl".
3.1 Summary
• The narrator questions where the waterfowl is going. He questions his motives for flying. He warns the waterfowl that he could possibly find danger, traveling alone. But, this waterfowl is not alone. He knows that the waterfowl is being led by some Power（神秘主义mysticism）. As the waterfowl reaches out of the narrator's sight, the narrator reflects on God's guidance in his own life. The narrator is sure that God has led this waterfowl, and that the waterfowl had faith in the narrator. Now, the narrator's faith is strengthened. He knows that God is guiding him as well. • As the narrator sees God directing the waterfowl, the narrator is reminded of God's guidance in his own life. Through his observance in nature, the narrator is reconnected with his faith in God.
To a Waterfowl By William Cullen Bryant
• All day thy wings have fann'd At that far height, the cold thin atmosphere: Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land, Though the dark night is near. And soon that toil shall end, Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest, And scream among thy fellows; reeds shall bend Soon o'er thy sheltered nest. Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven Hath swallowed up thy form; yet, on my heart Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given, And shall not soon depart. He, who, from zone to zone, Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight, In the long way that I must tread alone, Will lead my steps aright.
2.3 Critical response
• Matthew Arnold praised it as "the best short poem in the language", and the poet and critic Richard Wilbur has described it as "America's first flawless poem".
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你成天翕动翅膀，
疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地， 即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。
致水鸟 吕志鲁译
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你很快就会结束这样的劳苦， 你即将找到你夏天的住处； 休息中呼唤自己的伙伴， 芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。 你的身躯全被吞没， 天堂深渊里，你踪影全无； 然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底，
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有上苍把你关照， 在无路的海岸为你指路－－ 在荒漠和无边的空际， 你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。
2.2 Composition and publication history
• The inspiration for the poem occurred in December 1815 when Bryant, then 21, was walking from Cummington to Plainfield to look for a place to settle as a lawyer. The duck, flying across the sunset, seemed to Bryant as solitary a soul as himself, inspiring him to write the poem that evening. • "To a Waterfowl" was first published in the North American Review in Volume 6, Issue 18, March 1818. It was later published in the collection Poems in 1821.
落红不是无情物,作春泥更护花作文
落红不是无情物,作春泥更护花作文英文回答：Fading Petals: A Symbol of Sacrifice and Renewal.In William Cullen Bryant's evocative poem, "To a Waterfowl," the speaker contemplates the transformative power of nature, marveling at how even the fallen petals of a flower find purpose in enriching the soil that nourishes new life. This concept of selfless sacrifice and renewal is a recurring theme in literature and philosophy, reminding us of the interconnectedness of all living things.The image of fallen petals as a symbol of sacrifice is particularly poignant. In many cultures, flowers are associated with beauty, fragility, and transience. When petals wither and fall, it represents the passing of time and the inevitability of decay. However, Bryant suggests that even in this act of fading, there is a profound sense of purpose.The petals, once vibrant and colorful, now crumble into the earth, becoming a source of nourishment for the plants that will thrive in their place. This act of self-sacrifice mirrors the cycle of life and death, where one generation gives way to the next, ensuring the continuity of existence.Furthermore, Bryant compares the fallen petals to the actions of a diligent gardener, who diligently tends to the soil to nurture the growth of new flowers. In this way, the petals become agents of renewal, contributing to thecreation of future beauty and abundance.This metaphor reminds us that even the smallest andmost seemingly insignificant actions can have a profound impact on the world around us. By embracing the concept of selfless giving, we can create a positive ripple effectthat benefits not only ourselves but also the generationsto come.中文回答：落红不是无情物，化春泥更护花。
To-a-Waterfowl-by-William-Cullen-Bryant-威廉柯伦布莱恩特致水
2.4 Main works
• Discourse on the Life, Character and Writings of Gulian Crommelin Verplanck (English) (as Author)
• Letters of a Traveller Notes of Things Seen in Europe and America (English) (as Author)
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He, who, from zone to zone,
Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,
In the long way that I must tread alone,
Will lead my steps aright.
译作赏析 • 你整天翕动翅膀，
Though the dark night is near.
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Vainly the fowler's eye
Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,
As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,
Thy figure floats along.
威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特 william cullen bryant主要作品收集
威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特william cullen bryant主要作品收集Thanatopsis（死亡随想曲）by William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878)TO HIM who in the love of Nature holdsCommunion with her visible forms, she speaksA various language; for his gayer hoursShe has a voice of gladness, and a smileAnd eloquence of beauty, and she glides 5Into his darker musings, with a mildAnd healing sympathy, that steals awayTheir sharpness, ere he is aware. When thoughtsOf the last bitter hour come like a blightOver thy spirit, and sad images 10Of the stern agony, and shroud, and pall,And breathless darkness, and the narrow house,Make thee to shudder, and grow sick at heart;—Go forth under the open sky, and listTo Nature's teachings, while from all around—15 Earth and her waters, and the depths of air—Comes a still voice—Yet a few days, and theeThe all-beholding sun shall see no moreIn all his course; nor yet in the cold ground, Where thy pale form was laid, with many tears, 20Nor in the embrace of ocean, shall existThy image. Earth, that nourished thee, shall claimThy growth, to be resolved to earth again,And, lost each human trace, surrendering upThine individual being, shalt thou go 25To mix forever with the elements;To be a brother to the insensible rock, And to the sluggish clod, which the rude swainTurns with his share, and treads upon. The oak Shall send his roots abroad, and pierce thy mould. 30 Yet not to thine eternal resting-place Shalt thou retire alone, nor couldst thou wishCouch more magnificent. Thou shalt lie downWith patriarchs of the infant world,—with kings, The powerful of the earth,—the wise, the good, 35 Fair forms, and hoary seers of ages past,All in one mighty sepulchre. The hills Rock-ribbed and ancient as the sun; the valesStretching in pensive quietness between;The venerable woods—rivers that move 40In majesty, and the complaining brooksThat make the meadows green; and, poured round all, Old Ocean's gray and melancholy waste,—Are but the solemn decorations allOf the great tomb of man! The golden sun, 45The planets, all the infinite host of heaven,Are shining on the sad abodes of death,Through the still lapse of ages. All that treadThe globe are but a handful to the tribes That slumber in its bosom.—Take the wings 50 Of morning, pierce the Barcan wilderness,Or lose thyself in the continuous woods Where rolls the Oregon, and hears no sound,Save his own dashings,—yet the dead are there:And millions in those solitudes, since first 55The flight of years began, have laid them downIn their last sleep—the dead reign there alone.So shalt thou rest; and what if thou withdrawIn silence from the living, and no friendTake note of thy departure? All that breathe 60Will share thy destiny. The gay will laughWhen thou art gone, the solemn brood of carePlod on, and each one as before will chaseHis favorite phantom; yet all these shall leave Their mirth and their employments, and shall come 65 And make their bed with thee. As the long trainOf ages glide away, the sons of men,The youth in life's green spring, and he who goesIn the full strength of years, matron and maid, The speechless babe, and the gray-headed man—70 Shall one by one be gathered to thy sideBy those, who in their turn shall follow them.So live, that when thy summons comes to joinThe innumerable caravan which moves To that mysterious realm, where each shall take 75 His chamber in the silent halls of death,Thou go not, like the quarry-slave at night, Scourged to his dungeon, but, sustained and soothed By an unfaltering trust, approach thy graveLike one who wraps the drapery of his couch 80About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. THANATOPSIS 《死亡冥想》死亡冥想威廉·卡伦·布赖恩特对他,她说着各种语言,他爱自然，与她的种种可见形式进行交流;为他欢快的时光她表达着快乐，微笑着，并大加赞美，她悄悄溜进他的隐秘的冥想，带着温和的治愈一切的同情，在他明白之前偷走他的痛苦。
Bryant美国文学浪漫主义诗人
First native American
lyric poet to gain
worldwide fame. Famous as a poet of nature, he wrote of his own experience in nature. To him, nature was the symbol of the Maker (造
An apple of discord Helen of Troy The heel of Achilles / Achilles’ Heel The Trojan Horse A Penelope’s Web / the web of Penelope Aphrodite
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Blank verse vs. Free verse
Blank verse 无韵体
Free verse:
It is a form of poetry that avoids consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern.
物主).
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Works
1817 Thanatopsis
Greek meaning: view of death 《死亡随想 / 死亡之歌》 theme: death iambic pentameter
blank verse 无韵体诗
不刻意追求押韵效果
但格律整齐，在节奏 和语气上下功夫，但 诗句间感情的跌宕已 经形成了韵律。 即：不押尾韵的五步 抑扬格
自由体, 无韵、无格
Works
1.To_a_Waterfowl 致水鸟
William Cullen Bryant
1794-1878 The American Wordsworth
To a Waterfowl
• “ The most perfect brief poem in the language” ，called by Matthew Arnold. • “America's first flawless poem”, described by Richard Wilbur.
To a Waterfowl By William Cullen Bryant
• Whither, 'midst falling dew, While glow the heavens with the last steps of day, Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue Thy solitary way? Vainly the fowler's eye Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong, As, darkly painted on the crimson sky, Thy figure floats along. Seek'st thou the plashy brink Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide, Or where the rocking billows rise and sink On the chafed ocean side? There is a Power whose care Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,-The desert and illimitable air,-Lone wandering, but not lost.
专八人文辅导：你知道哪本书被称为“超验主义宣言”？(1)
专八人文辅导：你知道哪本书被称为“超验主义宣言”？(1)本期内容包括:超验主义思想．__1__ Thanatopsis is a poem by____.A Ralph Waldo EmersonB Walt WhitmanC William Cullen BryantD Henry David Thoreau__2__ To a Waterfowl and The Yellow Violet are poems by ____.A Ralph Waldo EmersonB Walt WhitmanC William Cullen BryantD Henry David Thoreau__3__ Nature was written by ____.A Henry David ThoreauB Ralph Waldo EmersonC Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD James Russell Lowell__4__ Walden was written by ____.A Henry David ThoreauB Ralph Waldo EmersonC Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD James Russell Lowell__5__ The Song of Hiwatha was written by_______.A Henry David ThoreauB Ralph Waldo EmersonC Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD James Russell Lowell__6__ I’m Nobody is a poem by ____in the form of “dramatic monologue”.A Ralph Waldo EmersonB Emily DickinsonC Edgar Allan PoeD Robert Browning__7__ Which of the following is not written by the author of The Scarlet Letter?A The House of the Seven GablesB Young Goodman BrownC The Fall of the House of UsherD The Minister’s Black Veil__8__ Twice-Told Tales was written by___.A Edgar Allan PoeB Nathaniel HawthornC Herman MelvilleD Henry James__9__ Moby Dick is a novel by ______.A Edgar Allan PoeB Nathaniel HawthornC Herman MelvilleD Henry James__10__ Tybee was written by____.A Edgar Allan PoeB Nathaniel HawthornC Herman MelvilleD Henry James【。
Bryant美国文学浪漫主义诗人
Works
Translations of the Illiad and Odyssey into English blank verse.
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Epic
源自希腊文Epos(叙事)，为叙事诗。
荷马：古希腊伟大诗人 公元前8世纪，失明的吟 游诗人，活时穷困潦倒， 乞讨为生；死时，至少有 9个城市争说他出生在那 里。
An apple of discord
An apple of discord Helen of Troy
An apple of discord Helen of Troy The heel of Achilles / Achilles’ Heel The Trojan Horse
An apple of discord Helen of Troy The heel of Achilles / Achilles’ Heel The Trojan Horse A Penelope’s Web Aphrodite As shy as Daphne Send owls to Athens Oedipus Complex Electra Complex
不刻意追求押韵效果
但格律整齐，在节奏 和语气上下功夫，但 诗句间感情的跌宕已 经形成了韵律。 即：不押尾韵的五步 抑扬格
自由体, 无韵、无格
Works
To a Waterfowl
《致水鸟》 the peak of his work
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
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物主).
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Works
赏析 致水鸟
10级一班侯玲玲1004130157Analysis of To a WaterfowlThe writer of To a Waterfowl is William Cullen Bryant. The poem was published in 1815, and it is one of his master works.William Cullen Bryant is the first American romantic poet, in the 1820’s he was famous for describing the natural scenery lyrics, known as “American’s Wordsworth”. At the same time, he merits a reputation as one of the great editors of American journalism. He supported such causes as free speech, free trade, and the abolition of slavery.The creation of his poem was influenced by British romantic poetry. As a follower of Wordsworth，he injected bright moral emotion and he argued that a poet should hold a sensitive heart to seek implied meaning of nature. This poem is the reflection of his distinctive style.There are eight stanzas in total. Bryant regards a kind of common bird in North America as the lyrical object. I t’s a typical work of expressing emotions through describing concrete objects. In the first three stanzas of the poem, writer’s eyes chased on the flying waterfowl and at the bottom of his heart, he also pursued the destination of the waterfowl. Sunset, falling dew, the rosy clouds, a waterfowl flying over the empty world, don’t know where to go. Though there may exist hidden danger during the lonely flight, waterfowl protected themselves by flying wing. In the poet, it is obviously that the darkly seen is pun. The difficulty ofdistinguishing the form is just the outside, but deep inside, the fundamental is the destination in their heart. If we expand the meaning to the poet himself, it is his confusion and puzzlement in life; no one could offer him a clear direction for him. He didn’t stop, he wants to go further and find the answer. So in the latter half of the poem, waterfowl’s flying become strong and powerful, a warm home is waiting there. He believes that all of these come from power. For his own future, he will no longer worried, god cares for all creatures.。
To a Waterfowl
“To a Waterfowl”is a poem by William Cullen Bryant that was first published in the North American Review in March 1818. English poet Matthew Arnold once acclaimed it as “the most perfect brief poem in the language.” In a winter day of 1815, Bryant, who was in a state of self-doubt and despair, made a solitary walk from Cummington to Plainfield, Massachusetts. At the close of that day, the poet saw a waterfowl flying in the sky. The sight of the bird and its flight became a great revelation to him and wrote this poem in memory of this experience.First Stanza – Where are you going?In the first stanza, the speaker addresses the bird, asking him where he is going and why it is alone. Now let‟s imagine if you are on a solitary walk in a winter day and you happen to notice a waterfowl flying alone “midst falling dew” at the end of the day. What kind of feeling you will have towards the waterfowl? Thus the author‟ purpose to arise sympathy with the bird is accomplished.As a matter of fact, the speaker‟s sympathy is not just with the waterfowl, but also with himself since he is alone just like the bird. The winter day, the setting sun, and the poet‟s gloominess adds a strong sentimental tone to this poem. <天净沙·秋思> 马致远枯藤老树昏鸦。
To_a_waterfoel_and_the_Iceburg_Effect_1_
To a Waterfowl and the Iceburg Theory The Iceberg theory, also known as the "theory of omission", was a literary theory put forward by Hemingway. It means that writers’ words should be like the iceburg which has 1/8 on the surface while the other 7/8 lies below the water. Namely, It is unnecessary for a writer to show everything to the readers immediately because they can imagine what the writer want to say. The languages which can express their thoughts and feelings should be hided behind some images, which leaves a large space for readers to feel.However, William Cullen Bryant’s well-known poem, To a Waterfowl, was a failed to obey the Iceberg theory, although it was praised by Matthew Arnold as “the most perfect brief poem in the language.”Bryant was a famous poet, who was called the “America's Wordsworth”. To a Waterfowl was perhaps the peak of his work. It is a lyric poem of eight four-line stanzas presenting the musings of a person observing a soaring waterfowl. It was said that Bryant was traveling from Cummington to Plainfield when he saw a high-flying bird that later inspired him to write this poem. The poem represents early stages of American Romanticism through celebration of Nature and God's presence within Nature.“To a Waterfowl” is a well-known poem about nature, in which he relates a scene of nature to the divine power and the divine power to the human life and the author shows the reader his sense of divine power guiding and protecting everything in nature.According to the content of the poem, it can be divided into three parts. The First Stanza and the Second Stanza should be the first part that discribed what the poet had viewed in his walking. The speaker addresses the bird, asking him where he is going. But he breaks the question in two to describe the atmosphere through which the bird is flying: dew is forming and the sun is setting, as the bird flies “through their rosy depths.” The speaker then notes that some hunter might have his eye on the bird and try to kill it. He dramatizes the bird’s flight by contrasting it against the sky: the bird’s body is “darkly painted on the crimson sky” which would make an easy target for that “fowler’s eye.”Seeing the bird’s homeward flight, the author sinks himself into meditation. The following part consists of stanza 4, stanza 5 and stanza 6. The poet tells us that there exist a Power who guides the bird to fly through the pathless coast, the desert and the illimitable air without being lost, and leads the bird to get to his homecoming after having overcome difficulties during the flight: always wings fanning, far height, cold and thin atmosphere, and dark night. At last the bird is safe athome by the images of a summer home, rest, scream among the bird’ fellows, and the nest sheltered by the bent reeds.The seventh stanza and the eighth stanza make up part three. The Stanza 7 is a turning point in this poem, moving from the observation of the bird and the meditation about its flight to a statement of the meaning of this kind of experience. The bird has vanished from the speaker’s sight “swallowed up” by “the abyss of heaven.” But even though the bird’s form has vanished from his sight, the speaker will remember what the sight of the bird taught him, what the sight of the flight motivated him to understand about life, death, and the Power that guides them. The speaker’s revelation in the eighth stanza might be heralded as an epiphany: that Power now called “He,” or God, who fetched that lone bird through the darkening sky to his ultimate destination, is the same Power that will guide and guard the speaker through his own path through life.From stanza 1 to stanza 6, the narrator discribe the scene of the waterfowl’s flying. He questions where the waterfowl is going at the very begining, then he questions his motives for flying. He warns the waterfowl that he could possibly find danger, traveling alone. But, this waterfowl is not alone. He knows that the waterfowl is being led by some Power, as the author states in forth stanza: There is a Powerwhose care/ Teaches thy way along that pathless coast/ The desert and illimitable air/ Lone wandering, but not lost.The “power” is the simbol of God, who leds the waterfowl to fly though the widely sea and the darkening sky, reaching the ultimate destination. It is easy for the readers to realise that the same Power that will guide and guard the speaker through his own path through life. Even though the speaker is in a confused state just like the waterfowl in the poem, the narrator confirmedly believe that “He” ---God will guide him.In the last two stanzas, the the narrator reflects on God's guidance in his own life in a directly way, as the verses: Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven /Hath swallowed up thy form and He, who, from zone to zone/Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight. The poet obviously expresses reverence to God again. As the narrator sees God directing the waterfowl, the narrator is reminded of God's guidance in his own life. Through his observance in nature, the narrator is reconnected with his faith in God. While the poet restate his belief in God, the readers reconfirmed what they have supposed before. Actually, It is unnecessary for a literary work.After reading the poem, noting left but the perfect languages and the God’s guidance of people’s life. However, If the reader only readthe former 6 stanzas, they may think about the flying waterfowl, imagining the meaning behind it and the poet’s intention and feelings. The former 6 stanzas had created a picture in their mind where they can feel what the poet was feeling and thinking. Then they will find the theme of the poem. But in fact, throug the religious words the poet presented all his thoughs and feelings in the last two stanzas again, which make the readers stay on the single words and the poet’s piety to God but not the imags and the meaning of behind them, letting alone the imagination and conjecture.Through the analysis, the paper can concluded that the poem, “To a Waterfowl”, did not conform to the Iceburg Theory. This poem has presented too much to the readers and left too little. The verse “There is a Power whose care”and the images in the former six stanzas are enough for readers to sense the meaning and the theme of the poem, which has already presented the 1/8 of the “Iceburg”, so the other 7/8 should be left for the readers instesd of being taken out compeletely. Bibliography:/wiki/To_a_Waterfowl/Guides4/Waterfowl.html/content/bryants-to-a-waterfowl-a14583 /richardlwb/articles/263383.htmlAmerican Literature Title: To a Waterfowl and the Iceburg TheorySt. No. 40804022Name: Luo Xuzhen (罗序珍)Class 1, Jounior.。