国际贸易操作流程专业英语SectionIV Documents_5
国际贸易操作流程
国际贸易操作流程国际贸易是不同国家之间进行商品和服务交换的过程。
在进行国际贸易时，有一系列的操作流程需要遵循，从寻找市场、洽谈合同到支付和交货等等。
下面是一份关于国际贸易操作流程的详细说明，来帮助读者了解国际贸易的运作过程。
第一步：市场调研与目标市场选择在进行国际贸易前，首先需要进行市场调研，了解目标市场的需求和潜在的机会。
这包括了解该市场的商品需求、价格水平、法律和政府政策等因素。
通过市场调研，选择适合自己产品的目标市场。
第二步：寻找供应商或买家第三步：洽谈合同一旦确定了供应商或买家，就需要与其进行合同洽谈。
合同应包括商品或服务的详细描述、价格、交货条件、质量保证、付款方式等条款。
在这个过程中，双方还需要商讨清楚双方权责和争议解决的机制。
第四步：订立合同达成一致后，双方可以根据洽谈好的条款订立正式合同。
合同可以是书面的或口头的，但最好是书面形式以便于证明和强制执行。
此外，为了减少风险，双方可以选择使用国际商会（ICC）的国际贸易术语（Incoterms）。
第五步：货物生产和准备合同签订后，买方通常会支付预付款。
供应商根据合同要求开始生产，并准备货物出运所需的文件，如出口许可证、商业发票、装箱单、提单等。
第六步：支付和结算支付和结算是国际贸易中关键的环节。
买卖双方可以选择不同的付款方式，如信用证、托收、电汇、信用状等。
无论采用何种付款方式，都要确保支付和结算的安全性和及时性。
第七步：货物运输和交货根据合同的装运条件，货物将被装箱并安排运输。
出口商需要确保货物能够按时、安全地运送到目的地，并提供相应的运输文件。
收货方要对货物进行验收，确保符合合同要求。
第八步：报关和清关一旦货物到达目的地国家，买方需要进行报关和清关手续，以便将货物正式引入国内市场。
这可能涉及支付进口关税、办理进口许可证、进行产品检验等。
第九步：销售和售后服务一旦货物通过清关手续，买方可以销售货物，并提供售后服务。
销售和售后服务的好坏将影响到买方对于供应商的评价和以后的合作。
整套国际贸易操作流程
整套国际贸易操作流程国际贸易是指不同国家之间的商品和服务的交流和交易活动。
它涉及到多个环节和流程，包括市场调研、采购、运输、支付等等。
下面将介绍一个完整的国际贸易操作流程。
一、市场调研：国际贸易操作的第一步是进行市场调研。
这一步包括了对目标国家市场的了解和分析，包括市场需求、竞争对手、规模等。
目的是确定市场潜力和优势。
二、产品定位：在市场调研的基础上，需要确定要推向目标市场的具体产品及其定位。
这一步包括了产品的特点、特色、定价、市场渠道等。
三、寻找供应商：国际贸易通常需要找到相应的供应商。
这一步需要调研国内外供应商的资质、信誉以及产品质量等，并与供应商进行洽谈和谈判。
四、采购与生产：在确定了供应商之后，接下来是开始采购和生产。
这一步包括与供应商签订合同、制定采购计划、进行生产等。
五、质检：在产品生产完成后，需要进行质量检验，确保产品符合国际贸易标准和目标国家的质量规定。
质检包括外观、功能、安全等方面的检验。
七、报关：国际贸易涉及到跨国关税和贸易壁垒，因此需要进行报关手续。
这一步包括了准备和提交进出口申报材料、支付关税等。
八、物流运输：在完成报关手续后，需要安排货物的物流运输。
这一步包括了货物的装载、运输工具的选择、运输路线的安排等。
九、支付与结算：在货物运输的过程中，需要进行支付和结算。
这一步包括了与买家和卖家之间的支付方式、货币种类以及支付周期等的协商。
十、市场推广：在货物运达目标市场后，需要进行市场推广。
这一步包括了产品宣传、广告、渠道选择等，以促进销售和增加知名度。
十一、售后服务：国际贸易并不仅仅是交易商品，还涉及到售后服务。
这一步包括了对客户的问题进行解答、产品维修和退换货等。
以上是一个完整的国际贸易操作流程。
当然，不同的贸易项目和企业可能会有所不同，但是总体上可以按照以上流程进行操作。
这些流程有助于提高国际贸易的效率和质量，从而实现双方的共赢。
国际贸易业务操作基本步骤
读书破万卷，下笔如有神国际贸易业务操作基本步骤一、国际贸易业务操作的基本步骤英文原文：Any international transaction should start with market research. An importer/exporter must acquiregood knowledge of the foreign market to which his products are to be sold so thathe can trade with the customers successfully.注释：transaction: 交易，经济业务start with: 以开始market research: 市场调研acquire good knowledge of: 熟悉（的知识）（acquire: 获得，得到）foreign: 国外的，对外的successfully: 成功地中文意思：任何一笔国际交易最初都要进行市场调研。
进口商/出口商必须熟悉其产品销往的国外市场，这样才能够成功地与客户进行交易。
1、国际贸易的具体步骤：1）Seeking customers 寻找客户（注释：seek: 寻找，寻求）2）Contact each other by sending inquiries 联系查询（注释contact: 接触，联系；inquiry: 询问，询盘）3）Status inquiry 情况查询（注释：Status:情形，状态）4）Quotations or offers; acceptance or non-acceptance 报价或发盘；接受或不接受报价或发盘（注释：quotation: 报价offer: 发盘acceptance: 接受）5）Order; contract 发送订单；签订合同（注释：order:订单；contract: 合同）6）Obtaining import/export license; opening L/C /receiving L/C, if any 获得进口/出口许可证；开立信用证/接收信用证（注释：obtain: 获得，取得L/C：信用证）7）Preparation of goods by the seller卖方备货（注释：preparation: 准备，预备）8）Inspection or survey of goods检查或检验货物（注释：inspection: 检查，检验；survey: 调查，测量）9）Reserving shipping space either by the seller or buyer, depending on the tradeterms. 依据贸易条款，由卖方或买方订舱。
整套国际贸易操作流程
整套国际贸易操作流程出口贸易的一般流程报价、订货、付款方式、备货、包装、通关手续、装船、运输保险、提单、结汇。
一、报价在国际贸易中一般是由产品的询价、报价作为贸易的开始。
其中，对于出口产品的报价主要包括：产品的质量等级、产品的规格型号、产品是否有特殊包装要求、所购产品量的多少、交货期的要求、产品的运输方式、产品的材质等内容。
比较常用的报价有：FOB"船上交货"、CNF"成本加运费"、CIF"成本、保险费加运费"等形式。
二、订货（签约）贸易双方就报价达成意向后，买方企业正式订货并就一些相关事项与卖方企业进行协商，双方协商认可后，需要签订《购货合同》。
在签订《购货合同》过程中，主要对商品名称、规格型号、数量、价格、包装、产地、装运期、付款条件、结算方式、索赔、仲裁等内容进行商谈，并将商谈后达成的协议写入《购货合同》。
这标志着出口业务的正式开始。
通常情况下，签订购货合同一式两份由双方盖本公司公章生效，双方各保存一份。
三、付款方式比较常用的国际付款方式有三种，即信用证付款方式、TT付款方式和直接付款方式。
1、信用证付款方式信用证分为光票信用证和跟单信用证两类。
跟单信用证是指附有指定单据的信用证，不附任何单据的信用证称光票信用证。
简单地说，信用证是保证出口商收回货款的保证文件。
请注意，出口货物的装运期限应在信用证的有效期限内进行，信用证交单期限必须不迟于信用证的有效日期内提交。
国际贸易中以信用证为付款方式的居多，信用证的开证日期应当明确、清楚、完整。
中国的几家国有商业银行，如中国银行、中国建设银行、中国农业银行、中国工商银行等，都能够对外开立信用证（这几家主要银行的开证手续费都是开证金额的1.5‰）。
2、TT付款方式TT付款方式是以外汇现金方式结算，由您的客户将款项汇至贵公司指定的外汇银行账号内，可以要求货到后一定期限内汇款。
3、直接付款方式是指买卖双方直接交货付款。
跨境电商和国际贸易的一般流程
跨境电商和国际贸易的一般流程英文文档内容：Title: The General Process of Cross-border E-commerce and International TradeCross-border e-commerce has become an essential component of international trade, revolutionizing the way businesses operate and consumers shop globally.The general process of cross-border e-commerce and international trade involves several key steps, which are outlined below:1.Market Research and Selection: The first step in the process is to conduct thorough market research to identify potential target markets and customers.Once the market is selected, businesses must decide on the products or services they wish to offer.2.Establishing an Online Presence: After selecting the target market and products, businesses need to establish an online presence.This typically involves setting up a website or joining an existing e-commerce platform.The platform should be user-friendly and support multiple languages and currencies.3.Product Listing and Promotion: Once the online presence is established, businesses need to list their products or services, including detailed descriptions, prices, and high-quality images.Effectivepromotion is also crucial to attract customers, which may involve paid advertising, social media marketing, or other strategies.4.Order Processing: When a customer places an order, it needs to be processed promptly.This involves verifying the order details, checking the availability of the product, and calculating the shipping costs.The customer should also be provided with an estimated delivery date.5.Logistics and Shipping: Once the order is processed, the next step is to arrange for the shipping of the product.This may involve working with a third-party logistics provider or using a fulfillment service.The chosen method should be cost-effective and ensure the timely delivery of the product to the customer.6.Payment Processing: Payment processing is a critical step in the cross-border e-commerce and international trade process.Businesses must offer secure and convenient payment options, such as credit card processing, PayPal, or other online payment systems.The payment should be processed in the customer"s local currency.7.Customer Service: Excellent customer service is essential in the cross-border e-commerce and international trade industry.Businesses should provide effective communication channels, such as live chat, email, or phone support, to address any customer inquiries or issues promptly.8.After-Sales Service: After the product is delivered, businesses must ensure that they provide proper after-sales service.This may involvehandling returns, exchanges, or providing technical support.Satisfied customers are more likely to become repeat buyers and recommend the business to others.In conclusion, the general process of cross-border e-commerce and international trade involves several key steps, from market research and establishing an online presence to product listing, order processing, logistics, payment processing, customer service, and after-sales service.By carefully managing each step, businesses can increase their chances of success in the global market.中文文档内容：标题：跨境电商和国际贸易的一般流程跨境电商已经成为国际贸易的重要组成部分，它改变了企业的运营方式以及消费者的全球购物方式。
国际贸易流程用英语表达
国际贸易流程用英语表达英文回答：International Trade Process.International trade is a critical component of the global economy, facilitating the exchange of goods and services between nations. The process of international trade involves a series of steps that ensure the smooth and efficient movement of products across borders.1. Export and Import Regulations.The first step in international trade is to comply with the export and import regulations of both the originating and receiving countries. These regulations may include tariffs, quotas, and other restrictions aimed at protecting domestic industries or promoting specific trade policies.2. Contacting Potential Buyers/Sellers.Businesses seeking to engage in international trade must identify and contact potential buyers or sellers in other countries. This can be done through trade shows, online marketplaces, or other industry channels.3. Negotiation.Once potential partners have been identified, negotiations commence to establish the terms of the trade agreement. These terms may include the type and quantity of goods, pricing, payment terms, and delivery schedules.4. Contract Execution.Upon reaching an agreement, the parties involved must execute a contract to formalize the terms of the trade. This contract should clearly outline the rights and obligations of each party to avoid disputes or misunderstandings.5. Production and Shipment.The exporting company then produces the goods and prepares them for shipment. This may involve packaging, labeling, and obtaining any necessary documentation. The goods are then shipped to the importing country using the chosen mode of transportation (e.g., air, sea, or land).6. Customs Clearance.Upon arrival in the importing country, the goods must clear customs. This involves submitting documentation to customs authorities and paying any applicable duties or taxes. Customs officials verify the accuracy of the documentation and inspect the goods to ensure compliance with regulations.7. Payment.Once the goods have cleared customs, the importing company makes payment to the exporting company as per the agreed-upon payment terms. This may be done through wire transfers, letters of credit, or other payment methods.8. Distribution and Sale.The importing company takes possession of the goods and distributes them through its existing distribution channels. The goods are then sold to local customers, who benefitfrom access to products that may not be available domestically.中文回答：国际贸易流程。
国际贸易操作流程专业英语 Unit 5 Terms of Payment
It gives us great pleasure to acknowledge receipt of your letter of November 23 enclosing a cheque for USD 3,860 in payment for dinnerware.
8. reiterate vt. 重申
We wish to reiterate that your further comments and suggestions on our goods will be always welcome.
9. draw v. 开出(汇票) draw (a draft on sb. for …) 向某人索取若干金额的汇票
The draft has already been negotiated and we are in a very embarrassing situation.
Your draft will be honored on presentation.
Please protect our draft on presentation. honor, meet, take up, protect, pay等动词和draft连用时作“照付”解。 dishonor, define, refuse, repudiate等动词和draft连用时作“拒付”解。 D/D = demand draft = bank draft/ bankers cheque 是银行开的汇票，等于 现金。
国际贸易操作流程专业英语SectionIV Documents
Packing List
1、（Exporter’s Name and Address）出口企业名称和地址 出口企业的名称、地址应与发票同项内容一致，缮制方法相同。 2、（Name of Document）单据名称 单 据 名 称 通 常 用 英 文 粗 体 标 出 。 常 见 的 英 文 名 称 有 ： Packing List（Note），Packing Specifications，Specifications。实际使用中，应与信用证要求的名称相符，倘若信用证未作规 定，可自行选择。 3、（No.）装箱单编号 装箱单编号一般填发票号码，也可填合同号。 4、出单日期（Date） 出单日期填发票签发日，不得早于发票日期，但可晚于发票日期1至2天。 5、（Shipping Mark）唛头 与发票的唛头相一致。 6、品名和规格（Name of Commodity and Specifications）
Unit 3 Certificate of Origin
What is Purpose of taking Certificate of Origin The main purpose is to obtain preferred import status fro the goods and to get financing easily for the export of goods of certain origin. It is usually required by countries that do not use Customers Invoice or Consular Invoice to set appropriate duties for the import. It contains the nature, quantity, values of goods shipped and their place of manufacture.
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Lists the unit value of each item and the currency used to determine the unit of value. 9. Signature and Title （签名和职位）
Signature of sender indicates to Chinese. Customs that the sender assumes responsibility for the accuracy of the description of all information on the invoice.
Packing List
1、（Exporter’s Name and Address）出口企业名称和地址 出口企业的名称、地址应与发票同项内容一致，缮制方法相同。 2、（Name of Document）单据名称 单 据 名 称 通 常 用 英 文 粗 体 标 出 。 常 见 的 英 文 名 称 有 ： Packing List（Note），Packing Specifications，Specifications。实际使用中，应与信用证要求的名称相符，倘若信用证未作规 定，可自行选择。 3、（No.）装箱单编号 装箱单编号一般填发票号码，也可填合同号。 4、出单日期（Date） 出单日期填发票签发日，不得早于发票日期，但可晚于发票日期1至2天。 5、（Shipping Mark）唛头 与发票的唛头相一致。 6、品名和规格（Name of Commodity and Specifications）
Unit 1 Commercial Invoice
Invoice
6. Country of Manufacture （制造国）
Indicates the country where the goods were grown, produced, or manufactured into a finished product. 7. Description of Goods （货物描述）
数量填写实际件数，如品质规格不同应分别列出，并累计其总数。
8、（Unit）单位
单位是指外包装的数量单，如箱、包、桶等。
9、（Gross Weight）毛重
As far as the carrier is concerned, the gross weight or measurement of a consignment is needed to calculate the freight. In case the goods are assessed in the importing country or exported on the net weight basis, it is necessary to show theacking list.
毛重填入包括包装在内的每件货物的重量，规格不同要分别列出，并累计 其总量。
Packing List
10、（Net Weight）净重 净重填写每件货物的实际重量并计其总量 11、（Measurement）尺码
Some carriers may calculate the freight on a cubic feet (CBM ) basis in stead of weight. Sometimes, it is necessary to include the size or dimensions (lengthwidth-height) of the package. 尺码填写每件包装的体积，并标明总尺码。 12、签章（Signature）
The description of the goods in the packing list can be in general terms. 品名和规格必须与信用证的描述相符。规格包括商品规格和包装规格，例如，Packed in polythene bags of 3 kgs each, and then in inner box, 20boxes to a carton。（每3千克一塑料袋， 每袋装一盒，20盒装一纸箱。）
Packing List
7、（Quantity）数量
It shows the total quantity within a stated range of the package number and the breakdown in each package. If a consignment consists of different units, preferably show all the units used in the summary of totals
Section IV Documents
Unit 1 Commercial Invoice
Invoice
1. Shipper/Seller (发货人/卖方) The shipper/seller's full company name and address, including street address, city, country, post code, and telephone number. 2. Consignee (buyer) （收货人/买方） Full company name, complete address including telephone number, and fax number. 3. Invoice Date Date the invoice is prepared 4. Invoice Number Internal Invoice number used by the sender's company 5. Terms of Trade (交易术语) Defines the buyers' and sellers' obligations, e.g., FOB, CIF, CFR