英语四级辞汇语法题

英语四级辞汇语法题
英语四级辞汇语法题

1. Would you mind ____ quiet for a moment? I'm trying ____ of form.

A) keeping,to fill out B) keeping,filling outC) keep,to fill out D) to keep,to fill out

2. Mercury is different from other industrial metals ____ it is a liquid.

A) because of B) whereas C) in that D) though

3. He made a hypothesis ____ the great storms on the sun create large amounts of electric energy.

A) why B) whichC) when D) that

4. He had the ____ over other boys of having had very good preschool education.

A) alternative B) advantage C) ability D) challenge

5. ____ went to the birthday party last night.

A) Many friends of John B) Many John’s friends C) Many of John friends D) Many friends of John's

6. —"Are you tired?" —"No, not ____."

A) in the least B) at the least C) so to speak D) at least

7. The notice says that no books in the reading room are allowed ____ out of it.

A) to take B) take C) taking D) to be taken

8. ____ in the front row and ____ a pair of binoculars I saw everything

clearly and beautifully.

A) Seated,using B) Seating,using C) Seated,used D) Seating,used

9. ____ they want to the bar to enjoy a drink.

A) No sooner had they got to know the news when B) Hardly they had got to know the news than

C) No sooner had they got to know the news than D) Scarcely had they got to know the news than

10. At the beginning of a year, everybody ____ many plans for the comingdays.

A) come up with B) come up to C) come through D) come round

答案与解析:

1.A 安静一会儿好吗?我正在填表。习惯用法的考查。Would you mind doing something?(你介意做……吗?)。try to do something(努力或设法做……。)

2.C 水银不同于其他的金属,因为它是液体。

A)because of因为、由于,后接名词。B)though而、却。C)in that因为,由于,后接从句。D)though尽管。

3.D 他做了一个假想:太阳系一场巨大风暴能产生出大量电能。本题属同位语从句。that引导的从句做抽象名词hypothesis的同位语。

4.B 在接受良好的学前教育方面,他比其他的孩子有优势。习惯用法的考查。have the advantage over在……方面占优势。

A)alternative二者择一;C)ability能力;D)challenge挑战。

5.D 昨晚约翰的很多朋友去参加了生日晚会。本句考查的是语法中名词的双重所有格:of + 名词’s ,此结构常用于表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。

6.A ——“你累吗?”——“一点儿也不累。”习惯用法的考查。A)not in the least 一点儿也不;B)at (the) least至少;C)so to speak可以这么说。

7.D 告示上说阅览室的书不允许被带出去。本题考查动词的用法。动词allow后跟不定式做宾语。本题属于被动语态,故应用be allowed to be done。

8.A 坐在前排,用望远镜我能清楚地看到所有的事物。本题考查分词的用法。seat一词的用法较为特殊,它的被动形式常表示主动的意义。

9.C 他们一知道那个消息,就去酒吧喝酒庆祝。本题考查倒装。no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...,都表示“一……就……”。当no sooner或hardly/scarcely置于句首时,主谓要倒装。

10.A 新年伊始,每个人都为将来制定了很多计划。动词词组的考查。A)come up with(提出、提供)。B)come to合计、

苏醒;C)come through通过、穿过;D)come round过来、绕过。

1.The Minister of Finance stresses that the quality of goods, ____ the quantity of production, is the key to improving the nation’s economy.

A) other than B) rather than C) more than D) better than

2.If people are not held responsible for their they are drunk,then we____forgive drunken drivers

A) may well as B) had better C) might as well D) would rather

3.He might have been dead ____ the arrival of the doctors.

A) but for B) except for C) with D) on

4.These areas rely on agriculture almost ____, having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development.

A) respectively B) undoubtedly C) incredibly D) exclusively

5.It’s strange that Amy ____ her aunt in every way.

A) takes down B) takes after C) takes to D) takes on

6.With the experience approaching the final success, everyone knows that they can not ____ a single minor mistake and thing.

A) inflict B) endure C) stand D) afford

7.The boss stressed the criterion that a qualified waiter must do every service ____ the satisfaction of his customers.

A) for B) by C) on D) to

8.Only after many years of hard work ____ that money alone does not lead to happiness and success.

A) I did realize B) had I realized C) did I realize D) I had realized

9.When automation is introduced into the factory, all the work done by hand will ____ the assembly line.

A) take the place of B) replace C) be attributed to D) give way to

10.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and ____ the whole scene.

A) blurred B) belittled C) banned D) collapsed

答案与解析:

1.B。 财政部长强调,促进国民经济的关键不是产量,而是产品的质量。短语辨析题,要求后面考生能辨析...than的差别,并能正确使用。other than 表示“不同于”,“除了”;more than 是“大于”,“多于”,而better than 常指“比……更好”,“胜于”;只有rather than指“不是……(而是……)”,符合本题语境。

2.C。 如果人们不必为自己酒后的行为承担责任,那么我们还是原谅那些酒后驾车的司机为好。本题是考察几个与情态动词相关的习惯用语的使用。might/may as well 是比较常用但许多考生并不明确的习惯表达,表示have no better reason not to...(没理由不……还是……为好);没有may well as 这种说法,另外两个短语大多数考生比较熟悉:had better ——最好;would rather ——宁可……也不,宁愿。

3.A。 要不是大夫赶来,他可能已经死了。本题测试重点是虚拟语气的使用。but for的意思是if not(要是没有,要不是),要求后面跟虚拟语气的谓语。其他三个选项从意思上均说不通。

4.D。 这些地区矿产资源贫乏,工业发展滞后,几乎完全依赖农业,本题测试副词的用法。四个选项分别为respectively(分别地,各个地);undoubtedly(毋庸质疑地,的确地);incredibly(难以置信地);exclusively(排外地,专有地)。根据句意只能选D。

5.B。 很奇怪,艾米长得特别像她姑妈。本题测试take的短语动词的使用。各选项的意思分别为:take down——拿下,记下,拆卸,病倒;take after——长得相似;take to——从事,喜欢,养成……习惯;take on——聘用,承担(工作,责任等)。显然本题正确答案是B。与take 相关的短语动词有许多,请考生多加注意。

6.D。 实验接近尾声,即将获得最后的成功。每个人都明白谁都承担不起因一个小差错而毁掉全局的后果。词语辨析题,主要明确can’t afford 的含义及用法。can’t afford 表示“承担不起……的责任/后果”;inflict 后常接on/upon,表示“使……受(痛苦),给……以(打击/惩罚)”;endure也常与cannot等否定词连用,表示“不能容忍/忍受”;而stand 表示“容忍”之意时与endure用法相同。

7.D。 老板强调指出,要做一名合格的服务员必须使自己的服务让顾客满意。本题考察介词的使用。do sth. to the satisfaction of sb.的意思是“把某事做得使某人满意”,其他三个选项均不合题意。

8.C。 在经过多年的努力工作之后,我才意识到金钱本身并不能带来幸福和成功。 本题考察考生对虚拟语气和倒装句的正确使用。only after 表示“在……之后”,要求后面跟虚拟语气,同时,如果把only after置于句首则要求用倒装语序,综合考虑只有C

答案正确。

9.D。 工厂引入自动控制之后,所有由手工进行的工作都将让位于装配线。本题是短语辨析题,主要考察考生对give way to 与take the place of 等短语/词汇的区别。give way to (让位于)既包含着take the place of / replace的意思,又不仅仅是take the place of / replace 的意思,它强调了被比较对象的关系,如A gives way to B 表示“B 取代了A,A 因退步/落后等原因让位于B”。所以本题答案是D。

10.A。 游客们正要欣赏壮观的海啸,突然一阵浓雾出现了,整个景色变得一片模糊。词语辨析题,要求考生能够辨析blur等词语,并学会正确使用。blur—把视线、界限等弄得模糊不清;belittle—轻视,使……显得渺小;ban—禁止,取缔;collapse—倒塌,失败,崩溃。

1.Professor Smith asked his secretary to ____ a hundred copies of this article on the duplicating machine.

A) run down B) run off C) run over D) run into

2.The purpose of the new economic policy is not to hinder economic growth____to guide it in a beneficial way.

A) and B) as C) but D) except

3.Since you don’t feel ____to cook dinner tonight, what about dining out?

A) inclined B) pleased C) obliged D) apt

4.The people in that remote area still live on ____ means because the economy there is underdeveloped.

A) difficult B) modest C) arduous D) domestic

5.____ I admire him as a doctor, but I don’t like him as a man.

A) Much as B) So much C) As much D) Much so

6.They were enjoying themselves. ____, they appeared to be enjoying themselves.

A) However B) Instead C) Or rather D) As a result

7.Considering the present birth rate, the prediction that the world population will decrease in the near future simply does not ____.

A) exist B) prove C) stand D) hold

8.The tremendous waves ____ the whole village.

A) conquered B) imprisoned C) confined D) inundated

9.Old as the machine is, it is in ____ good order.

A) reasonably B) rationally C) probably D) occasionally

10.We rarely perceive more than a minute ____ of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs; the great majority pass us by.

A) fiction B) function C) fraction D) friction

答案与解析:

1.B。 史密斯教授请他的秘书用复印机把这篇文章复印100份。本题是动词短语辨析题,要求考生对run的相关动词短语的用法非常了解。四个选项的常用意思分别是:run down—停止,把……撞倒;run off—逃跑,驱逐;run over—撞倒,掠过;run into—偶然遇见,遭遇。但考生只掌握这些意思还远远不够,比如run off在口语中还表示“复印,印刷,打印”,本题即此用法。

2.C。 新的经济政策的目的不是为了阻碍经济的增长,而是指导经济沿着有益的方向发展。本题考察固定搭配的使用。固定搭配not ..., but...表示“不是……而是……”,其他三个选项均不能和not构成搭配。

3.A。 既然你今天晚上不想做饭,我们出去吃怎么样?考察考生对inclined, pleased, obliged, apt等词语的习惯用语的实际应用能力。feel inclined to do sth.相当于have a wish to do sth.,表示“想做某事”;be pleased with sb./sth. 表示“对……人/事感到满意”;be obliged to sb.表示“感谢(某人)”,be obliged to do sth.则表示“不得不/必须(做某事)”;apt 的常用词语包括:be apt at (善于, 巧于),be apt for(适合),be apt to/to do sth.(易于动辄, 往往有可能)。

4.B。 那个偏远地区的人们仍过着简朴的生活因为那儿的经济还很不发达。本题是词语辨析题。正如我们会用a modest income来形容收入不高一样,modest一词除了表示“谦虚”之意,也可用来表示“简单的,不大多的,不过分的”等。其他三个选项(difficult —艰难的;arduous—费劲的,险峻的;domestic—家庭的,驯服的)均不合本题题意。

5.A。 虽然作为大夫我很佩服他,但我不喜欢他的为人。本题测试点是副词as / so 与much 连用的意义与用法。much as 中的as 相当于though,表示让步,译作“虽然”;而as much中的as 则表示“与……同样(多)”;so much 表示“和……一样多”,“就只那么多”;没有much so 的说法。

6.C。 他们玩得很开心。更确切地说,他们看上去玩得很开心。本题测试考生对习惯用语or rather 的掌握。or rather是对上文的补充或

修正,译作“更确切地说”,根据句意,其他三项都不合题意。

7.D。 鉴于目前的出生率,有关世界人口在近期将下降的预言是完全没有道理的。本题考察动词的使用,要求考生对动词的多个义项都

有所了解。hold 一词作动词用时可以表示“拿着”、“保存”、“支持”、“占据”、“拥有”等,它还有一个义项是考生不太熟悉的,意思相当于to be valid, applicable, or true,“使有效/可行/真实”,“有道理”。其他三个选项显然均不能适用于本句。

8.D。 巨浪淹没了整个村庄。本题是词汇测试题,主要考察考生对几个动词的熟悉和掌握。四个选项的意思分别为:conquer—征服;….imprison—囚禁;confine—限制;inundate—淹没。根据句意选择答案D。

9.A。 机器虽然老了些,但尚能正常工作。本题测试点是副词reasonably的用法。reasonably 表示“适度的”,“尚可以”,“过得去”,符合本题题意。而其他三个选项均不合题意(rationally—讲道理地,理性地;probably—大概,或许;occasionally—有时候,偶尔)。

10.C。 我们仅仅感受到偶然落入我们感觉器官的光和声音的一小部分,大部分就已经过去了。本题主要测试考生对几个形近名词的意义

的掌握。四个选项的意义分别为:fiction—小说;function—功能,作用;fraction—小部分,一点儿;friction—摩擦。故根据句意选择答

案C。

1.The waste pipe is blocked; try ____ it out with hot water.

A) rushing B)brushing C)crushing D)flushing

2.His actions do not ____ to his words.

A)respond B)consist C) correspond D)accord

3.He____satisfaction from helping people in trouble.

A) derides B)derives C) deviates D)detaches

4.There is a shift in____ from a woman’s view to a man ’s view.

A) prospective B) prospectus C) prosperous D) perspective

5.I ____ on a book with him. He help me a lot with collecting materials.

A) cooperate B) operate C) collate D) collaborate

6.She is the ____ survivor of the air crash.

A) alone B) unique C) single D) sole

7.Both Bach and Beethoven wrote ____ music.

A) classical B) classic C) class D) classics

8.Physical attractiveness is not an important ____ in some people’s opinion.

A) ascribe B) attribute C) tribute D) trains

9.They came up with a(n) ____ way of preventing cheating in exams.

A) ingnue B) ingenuous C) ingenious D) genius

10.The school dining room____ as a meeting place for teachers and students.

A) uses B) utilizes C) functions D) exerts

答案与解析:

1.D。 废水管堵塞了,试试用热水把它冲开。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似词语的意义。rush指匆促, 冲进;brush指刷去, 刷掉;crush指压碎, 碾碎;flush指以快速的水流冲掉,如厕所冲水马桶。

2.C。 他的言行不一致。词语辨析题。respond指回答, 响应;consist(with)调和,符合;correspond(to)与…一致, 符合; accord(with)指相一致,相和谐

3.B。 他从帮助有麻烦的人中得到满足感。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似的词语之间意义的差别。deride指嘲笑愚弄;derive(from)指起源于;deviate指越轨,偏离;detach(from)指分开,分离,移开。

4.D。 这里有一个视角的转换,即由女性的视角转换为男性的视角。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似的词语之间的意义差别。

prospective是形容词,指预期的;prospectus是名词,指章程,简介;prosperous是形容词,指繁荣的,繁盛的;perspective是名词,指观点, 看法。

5.D。 这本书是我与他合著的,他帮我收集了很多材料。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨两个“合作”以及另两个形似词语的差别。

cooperate指为共同的目标而合作;operate指操作, 运转;collate指核对,对照;collaborate指(科学,艺术方面)合作,比如collaborate on a book with sb.与某人合著一本书。

6.D。 她是空难唯一的幸存者。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个“唯一”之间的细微差别。alone指单独的;unique指独特的,独一无二的;single指单个的,单身的;sole强调唯一的。

7.A。 巴赫与贝多芬谱写的都是古典音乐。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似的词语之间意义的差别。classical古典的;classic 传统的;典型的;classics是名词,指古典。

8.B。 有些人认为外在美并不是一个重要的特征。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似的词语之间意义的差别。ascribe是动词,只归

因于;attribute是名词,指特征,属性;tribute是名词,指贡品,礼物。

9.C。 他们想到了一个防止考试作弊的绝妙的主意。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个形似的词语之间意义的差别。ingenue是名词,指阅历不深的人;ingenuous是形容词,指纯真的,坦白的;ingenious是形容词,指机灵的,有独创性的;genius是名词,指天才。

10.C。 学校食堂也用于师生开会。词语辨析题,要求考生能分辨几个“用”之间意义的差别。A) exert(for, to)运用(影响、力量、技巧等);utilize用利用,尤指为…找到一种有益或实用的用途,在许多情况下utilize可以被use替代;function指发挥… 作用。

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