英语名词性从句知识归纳

名词性从句知识归纳
名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。

e.g.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexam disappointedhismother.（主语从句）
Iknow thatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom.（宾语从句）
Thequestionis howwecanfinishitontime.（表语从句）
Thefact thatsomeChinesearestillpoor isreallyagreatproblem.（同位语从句）
Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillseethefilmornot.
(2)介词宾语从句要用whethere.g.Idon’tcareabout whetheryouhavemoneyornot.
(3)that引导的宾语从句只能放于in,except,besides和but四个介词后
e.g.TheSwedestoodstill,except thathislipsmovedslightly.
3.转移否定---当主句是I/Wethink(believe,consider,expect,suppose,guess,imagine)时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把从句中的否定词not转移到主句中。

e.g.Idon’tsuppose(that)itishisfault,isit?
4.时态问题---宾语从句的时态常受到主句时态影响，若主句是现在时或将来时，从句可用任何所需要的时态；若主句是过去时态，从句一般用过去的某种形式，如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用一般现在时态。

e.g.Iknow(that)hedidn’ttellyouwhathewouldcomethen.
Webelieved thathehadearnedenoughmoneytobuildahouse.
Theteachertoldus thatTomhadleftusforAmerica.
Theteachertoldus thatthesunrisesintheeast.
5.一种特殊类型的宾语从句---在这种句子里doyouthink等意为插入语，但实为主句，因此余下部分应用陈述语序
余下部分?
e.g.Where doyouguess ourartfestivalistobeheld?
Who doyouthink thepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?
二、主语从句---位于句首，常用it做形式主语
e.g.Thathewillcomeandhelpyou iscertain.(that不充当从句内的任何成分，不可省略)
)
【
(1)
e.g.
(2)
e.g.
e.g.
(4)
e.g.
2.it
e.g.
解题方法：将itis/was…that去掉，看余下部分是否完整，若完整即为强调句式；反之为it作形式主语。

三、表语从句---系动词后（常见系动词：be,look,remain,seem,appear等）
e.g.Theproblemis that theycan’tgethereearlyenough.
Thequestionis whetherwecanreducethecostoftheproduct.
Itlooks asifit’sgoingtorain.
Thequestionis who(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.
Whathewantstogetis whateveryouhave.
Thisis whereourproblemlies.
Thatis whyhedidn’t cometothemeeting.
四、同位语从句---抽象名词后（从句对抽象名词进行补充说明或解释说明抽象名词的内容）
e.g.Thenews thathehadlandedonthemoon spreadallovertheworld.
Thethoughtcametohim thatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.
Hemustanswerthequestion whetherheagreestoitornot.
Ihavenoidea whenhewillcomebackhome.
名词性从句高考趋势与考察重点
一、语序问题---名词性从句内部一律使用陈述语序
注意以下句子：
e.g.Idon’tknow whatisthematterwithhim.
Ihavenoidea whatwasthematterwithhim.
Couldyoutellus whatwaswrong/thetroublewithhimyesterday?
二、从句中的虚拟语气问题
1.主语从句：
(1)Itisimportant/natural/necessary/essential/strange/that…(should)do…
(2)Itissuggested/advised/deman ded/ordered/requestedthat…(should)do…
e.g.Itisimportantthateverystudent(should)learn aforeignlanguage.
2.
【insist），
3.为on
4.释on
1.doubt
后面用
e.g.
Ihave
2.sure
e.g.
Areyousure thatyou’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.
I’mnotsure whe therI’vefoundtheanswertothisquestion.
3.主语是reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because：
e.g.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas thathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
4.what和that---that在从句中不充当成分，不含疑问意义，而what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，且含有疑问意义。

e.g.ThatTomfelloffhischairbyaccident gottheclassmateslaughing.
WhatTomlearnedinuniversity helpshimalotinhisjob.
=Allthat Tomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.
5.连接词wh-和wh-ever选择---前者表示一个特指概念，引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义；
后者表示一个泛指概念，意为“任何……”，引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句。

e.g.Itwasamatterof whowouldtaketheposition.
Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof whoeversharesherinterests.
(=anyonewhosharesherinterests.)
Theywilldo whateverhewantsthemtodo.(=anythingthathewantsthemtodo)
6.This/Thatiswhy…和This/Thatisbecause…
e.g.ThereasonwhyIcamelateisthatmycarbrokedownonthehalfway.
→Hecame late.That’s becausehiscarbrokedown.
→Hiscarbrokedownonthehalfway.That’s whyhecamelate.
7.几个特殊句型之间的转换
Thesuggestion thatwediscusstheproblemalloveragainisagoodone.
Thesuggestion thathegaveatthemeetingwasagoodone.
【名词性从句的解题思路】：高考中考查名词性从句时，经常考查连接词的选用。

解题时应先判断从句的类型，然后判断从句是否缺少成分以及意义是否完整，最后根据引导名词性从句的连词的特点确定特定的连接词。