园艺专业英语期末考试资料

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园艺英语试题类型及答案

园艺英语试题类型及答案

园艺英语试题类型及答案一、选择题(每题1分,共10分)1. Which of the following is a common garden tool?A. ShovelB. ForkC. Both A and B2. The term "photosynthesis" refers to the process by which plants:A. Absorb sunlightB. Convert light energy into chemical energyC. Release oxygen3. What is the primary function of fertilizers in gardening?A. To provide waterB. To provide nutrientsC. To control pests4. The scientific name for a rose is:A. RosaB. TulipaC. Dendranthema5. What is the correct term for the process of a plant producing flowers?A. GerminationB. BloomingC. Pollination6. Which of the following is a type of pruning technique?A. PinchingB. GraftingC. Layering7. What is the purpose of mulching in a garden?A. To increase soil temperatureB. To reduce weed growthC. To improve soil aeration8. The term "perennial" refers to a plant that:A. Lives for one seasonB. Lives for two or more yearsC. Produces flowers annually9. What is the role of a greenhouse in gardening?A. To provide shadeB. To extend the growing seasonC. To store tools10. The process of "grafting" involves:A. Joining two plants togetherB. Removing unwanted branchesC. Planting seeds答案:1-5 C, B, B, A, B; 6-10 A, B, B, B, A二、填空题(每空1分,共10分)1. The basic components of soil include ______, ______, water, and air.2. The term "biennial" refers to a plant that completes its life cycle in ______ years.3. In gardening, the process of "thinning" involves removing excess ______ to allow for better growth.4. A "compost pile" is a place where organic waste is decomposed into a nutrient-rich material known as ______.5. The "trellis" is a structure used to support climbing plants and is often made of ______ or wood.答案:1. minerals, organic matter; 2. two; 3. plants; 4. compost; 5. metal三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 描述园艺中“轮作”的概念及其重要性。

园林专业英语考试and

园林专业英语考试and

园林专业英语考试andI.Vocabulary and Structure(Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions,2 points for each one,total is 20 points).1.The heritage of garden art can make a()contribution towards general cultural education.It is of quite special importance for professional training since it contains the grammar of landscape design from the earliest beginnings up to modern times.A.biggerB.greaterC.considerableD.enough2.In garden terms a strict“conserve as found”,or preservation,policy is rarely appropriate because of the()of the principal medium,the plants.A.very long timeB.ephemeralityC.transitorinessD.transiency3.The history of life on earth has been a historyof()between living things and their surroundings.A.interactionB.relation ofC.relationshipD.connection4.()the whole span of earthly time,the opposite effect,in which life actually modifies its surroundings,has been relatively slight.A.HoweverB.ConsideringC.InspiteD.Although5.Considered as materials,all plants have definite potentialities and each plant has an inherent quality which will inevitably express itself.An intelligent landscape design can evolve only()a profound knowledge of,and sensitivity to,materials.A.fromB.betweenC.amongD.upon6.The layout of these landscape designs may have survived,but the planting will have changed many times through age and fashion,and because the provision for planting did notfavour the()of the plants.A.productionB.yieldC.reproductionD.regeneration7.These steps of the design process represent an ideal sequence of events.Many of the()overlap one another and blend together so the neat ordering of the outline is less clear and apparentA.foot paceB.stepsC.stepdder8.Each project represents a unique set of circumstances and,therefore,()a different method for proceeding through the design process.A.requiredB.requiresC.requireD.requiring9.Park projects would civilize and()the national character,foster the love of rural beauty and increase theknowledge of and taste for rare and beautiful trees and plants.A.refinedB.refineC.designedD.design10.The case for public parks in the 19th century was built largely on the same concerns()that for improved housing.A.soB.intoC.asD.likeII.True or False Questions.(Select T if the statement is true,select F if it is false.2 points for each one,total is 10 points).11.ICOM is the abbreviation of International Council of Museums.()A.TB.F12.UNESCO is the abbreviation of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization.()A.TB.F13.The IInd International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments,which met in Venice from May 25th to 31st 1964.()A.TB.F14.As the new day breaks,the city lights fade,overpowered by the light of the sun;blue seas and green forests and grasslands emerge,surrounding and penetrating the vast urban constellations.()A.TB.F15.In the preliminary master plan all elements of the design are put together and studied in association with one another in a realistic,semicomplete graphic manner.()A.TB.FIII.Cloze test(Please fill in the blanks of the following passages with proper words or phases given below.2 points for each one,total is 20 points).1.As an(16),the extent and type of information sought during the site analysis should directly(17)on the character and complexity of concepts prepared in a later phase.Likewise,one may find it necessary to revisit the site or talk to the(18)again once the design phase itself has been started because some item of information was overlooked the first time or one’s memory and(19)simply need refreshing.And sometimes it helps to revisit the site after starting the design phase because then the designer can look at the site with experience and greater understanding of what limitations or opportunities are present.In other words,no one step of the(20)process occurs independently of the others.A.designB.impressionC.dependD.illustrationE.client2.While the practitioners of the English(21)of Landscape were using a limited range of plant species,a few botanical gardens and,of course,the traditional cottage(22)contained a wider range.Certainly by the end of the first quarter of the 18th century,the importation of exotics into Britain from abroad had(23),especially from North American.In 17XX the collection at Whitton,near Hounslow,listed 342 different plant species,and by 1768 the Royal garden at Kew had over 3000different(24)with the precise figure of 5535 in 17XX.More interesting to planting design,however,was the record of Dr.John Fothergill’s garden laid out in 1762 at Upton House,East Ham,because this included a wild area in which hardy exotics successfully naturalized.Dr.Fothergill also(25) alpine plants.F.gardenmencedH.SchoolI.cultivatedJ.speciesIV.Reading comprehension questions(2 points for each one,total is 20 points).1.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In 1887 a professor of mental and moral philosophy,Grant Allen,published an analysis of aesthetics called Physiological Aesthetics.Today this little classic is virtually forgotten, but if a copy can be found,I commend it to all.The aesthetic conclusions were geared to the emotions of the day and to us now seem horribly sentimental,but the scientific method is unanswerable.It explains the hostility of modern man to what he feels is a soul-less,machine-made environment,and is a basicguide to landscape.From this primitive treasure house my own first choice is the power of stereoscopic vision to create feeling as well as sight in environment,how we can and should design for it,and how a felt foreground will connect our psyche to middle and far distance.But of course the perceptions are only a technical part in the long manufacture of the emotions in that marvellous green and restless habitat.In a period described as the golden age of the mammals,we were vegetarian, peace-loving and monarchs.No wonder the irrational parts of us hanker for that carefree if cruel existence,which created our basic sense of beauty and subconsciously inspires most private gardens today.26.A good title for this passage is().A.Physiological aestheticsB.Aesthetic development in landscape architectureC.the history of physiological aesthetics.D.the history of landscape.27.The word“geared”in the paragraph means().A.To become adjusted so as to fit or blendB.To equip with gears.C.To connect by gears.D.To put into gear.28.The word“stereoscopic”in the paragraph means().A.relating to seeing space three-dimensionally as a result of binocular disparity.B.formed by a stereoscopeC.relating to a stereoscopeD.of a stereoscope29.The word“vegetarian”in the paragraph means().A.a person who advocates or practises vegetarianismB.CookeryC.consisting of vegetables and fruit onlyD.Consisting primarily or wholly of vegetables and vegetable products30.The word“monarch”in the paragraph means().A.peopleB.humanC.studentD.animal2.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ruins must be maintained and measures necessary for the permanent conservation and protection of architectural features and of objects discovered must be taken. Furthermore, every means must be taken to facilitate the understanding ofthe monument and to reveal it without ever distorting its meaning.All reconstruction work should however be ruled out “a priori”.Only anastylosis,that is to say,the reassembling of existing but dismembered parts can be permitted.The material used for integration should always be recognizable and its use should be the least that will ensure the conservation of a monument and the reinstatement of its form.31.The word“ruin”in the paragraph means().A.something that is severely damagedB.a person who has suffered a downfallC.destroyed or decayed building or townD.loss of value or usefulness32.The word“conservation”in the paragraph means().A.protection,preservation,and careful management of natural resources and of theenvironment B.maintenance C.The maintenance of a physical quantity D.the principles of democracy33.The word“anastylosis”in the paragraph means().A.reassemblyB.archaeology,C.repeatD.reproduce34.The word“dismembered”in the paragraph means().A.to remove the limbs or members ofB.to cut to piecesC.to divide or partitionD.dissected35.The word“reinstatement”in the paragraph means().A.restorationB.recoverC.restartD.conversationV.Translation(Please translate the following passages into Chinese.10 points for each one,total is 30 points).1.The master plan,the next step in the design process,isa refinement of the preliminary master plan.After gaining the reactions of the client from the preliminary master plan,the designer may need to revise and restudy certain portions of the proposal.With these changes included,the designer once again draws the site plan in a presentable fashion.One of the primary differences between a preliminary master plan and a master plan,in addition to the necessary design revisions,is the graphic style of each.While the preliminary master plan is drawn in loose,freehand,yet legible manner,the master plan istypically drawn with more control and refinement,as in Figure.9.1.Rather than drawn entirely freehand,the master plan may have certain parts such as the property line,building outline,and edges of hard structural elements (walls, terrace, walks,decks,etc.)drafted with a triangle and T-square. However, other elements such as plant materials are still drawn freehand. To give the plan a controlled appearance,more time is usually spent drawing the master plan compared with the preliminary master plan.2.Modern urban problems are no different,in essence,from those that plagued ancient cities,execpt in degree,in the toxicity and persistence of new contaminants,and in the extent of the earth that is now urbanized.Even those who have sought to introduce nature to the city in the form of parks and gardens have frequently viewed the city as something foreign to nature,have seen themselves as bringing a piece of nature to the city.3.The cypress avenue was another form of planting and directed attention to a view beyond the garden or to some feature in the garden,and to a certain extent reduced the strong visual effect of planting arranged to form a pattern.The association between the landscape designs of the Far East andthe natural landscape is familiar to those interested in the history of landscapes,especially in the stylized simulation of mountain and river landscapes,and also the philosophy embodied in this association.。

园艺英语试题及答案大全

园艺英语试题及答案大全

园艺英语试题及答案大全一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. Which of the following is not a type of flowering plant?A. TulipB. DaffodilC. CactusD. FernAnswer: D2. The process of grafting involves joining two different types of plants together to create a new plant. What is the main purpose of grafting?A. To create a new speciesB. To increase the size of the plantC. To improve the plant's resistance to diseasesD. To produce a plant with desirable traits from both parent plantsAnswer: D3. What is the term for the removal of dead or diseased parts of a plant to promote new growth?A. PruningB. GraftingC. PollinationD. PropagationAnswer: A4. Which of the following is not a tool commonly used in gardening?A. TrowelB. SecateursC. HoeD. WrenchAnswer: D5. What is the term for a plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season?A. PerennialB. BiennialC. AnnualD. ShrubAnswer: C6. What is the primary function of a greenhouse in gardening?A. To provide shadeB. To protect plants from pestsC. To extend the growing seasonD. To provide additional waterAnswer: C7. What is the term for a plant that lives for more than two years and continues to grow and flower year after year?A. AnnualB. PerennialC. BiennialD. ShrubAnswer: B8. Which of the following is not a type of fertilizer?A. OrganicB. InorganicC. NaturalD. SyntheticAnswer: C9. What is the term for the process by which plants produce flowers?A. GerminationB. BloomingC. PollinationD. FruitingAnswer: B10. What is the term for a plant that is grown for its leaves rather than its flowers or fruits?A. OrnamentalB. HerbaceousC. FoliageD. VegetableAnswer: C二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1. The root system of a plant that has a single main root and several smaller roots is called a _______ root system. Answer: taproot2. The process of transferring a plant from a smaller container to a larger one is called _______.Answer: transplanting3. A plant that is grown for its seeds is called a _______. Answer: seedling4. The part of the plant that contains the seeds is called the _______.Answer: fruit5. The process of preparing soil for planting is called_______.Answer: tilling6. A plant that is grown for its edible roots is called a_______.Answer: root crop7. The process of encouraging a plant to grow in a certain direction is called _______.Answer: training8. The process of removing weeds from a garden is called_______.Answer: weeding9. The process of watering plants to ensure they receive adequate moisture is called _______.Answer: irrigation10. A plant that is grown for its flowers is called an_______.Answer: ornamental三、简答题(每题10分,共40分)1. Explain the difference between a perennial and an annual plant.Answer: Perennial plants are those that live for more thantwo years and continue to grow and flower year after year. Annual plants, on the other hand, complete their life cyclein one growing season and must be replanted each year.2. Describe the benefits of using organic fertilizers in gardening.Answer: Organic fertilizers provide nutrients to plants in a form that is readily available and can improve soil structure. They also help to support beneficial soil microorganisms, which can lead to healthier plants and a more sustainable garden ecosystem.3. What are the steps involved in the process of propagationby cuttings?Answer: The steps involved in propagation by cuttings include selecting a healthy plant, taking a cutting with at least one node, preparing a rooting medium, inserting the cutting intothe medium, and providing the right conditions for root development.4. Discuss the importance of pruning in maintaining the health and appearance of a garden.Answer: Pruning is essential for maintaining the health and appearance of a garden as it helps to control the size and shape of plants, removes dead or diseased parts, and encourages new growth. Regular pruning can also improve air circulation and reduce the risk of pests and diseases.四、论述题(20分)Discuss the role of garden design in creating a visually appealing and functional outdoor space.Answer: Garden design plays a crucial role in creating a visually appealing and functional outdoor。

园艺专业英语第二版答案

园艺专业英语第二版答案

园艺专业英语第二版答案1、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom2、The more he tried to please her, _____she seemed to appreciate it. [单选题] *A.lessB.lesserC.the less(正确答案)D.the lesser3、A good teacher is able to_____a complicated idea in very simple terms. [单选题] *A.put across(正确答案)B.break upC.work outD.bring out4、He _______ getting up early. [单选题] *A. used toB. is used to(正确答案)C. is usedD. is used for5、I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [单选题] *A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruined(正确答案)D. had been ruined6、We all wondered()Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *A. thatB. whatC. whoD. why(正确答案)7、_______ your parents at home last week? [单选题] *A. IsC. AreD. Were(正确答案)8、77.–Hey! Any idea about learning abroad? --You ()google the College Board to learn the names of college you ____ be interested in [单选题] *A. may;needB. can; might (正确答案)C. will; shouldD. shall; must9、--_______ do you have to do after school?--Do my homework, of course. [单选题] *A. What(正确答案)B. WhenC. WhereD. How10、She passed me in the street, but took no()of me. [单选题] *Attention (正确答案)B. watchC. care11、---Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?---Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. [单选题] *A. show(正确答案)B. showsC. to showD. showing12、--Could you please tell me _______ to get to the nearest supermarket?--Sorry, I am a stranger here. [单选题] *A. whatB. how(正确答案)C. whenD. why13、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation14、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.()[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her15、My home is about _______ away from the school. [单选题] *A. three hundred metreB. three hundreds metresC. three hundred metres(正确答案)D. three hundreds metre16、I’d like to know the _______ of the club. [单选题] *A. schedule(正确答案)B. schoolC. menuD. subject17、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)18、58.—How much is Lucy's skirt?—She________320 yuan for it. I think it's a little dear. [单选题] *A.tookB.paid(正确答案)C.spentD.bought19、On Mother’s Day, Cathy made a beautiful card as a ______ for her mother. [单选题] *A. taskB. secretC. gift(正确答案)D. work20、She’s _______ with her present _______ job. [单选题] *A. boring; boringB. bored; boredC. boring; boredD. bored; boring(正确答案)21、--What are the young people doing there?--They are discussing how to _______?the pollution in the river. [单选题] *A. come up withB. talk withC. deal with(正确答案)D. get on with22、Where have you _______ these days? [单选题] *A. been(正确答案)B. beC. isD. are23、They will hold the party if they _____ the project on time. [单选题] *A. will completeB. complete(正确答案)C.completedD. had completed24、--Henry treats his secretary badly.--Yes. He seems to think that she is the _______ important person in the office. [单选题] *A. littleB. least(正确答案)C. lessD. most25、—I can’t always get good grades. What should I do?—The more ______ you are under, the worse grades you may get. So take it easy!()[单选题] *A. wasteB. interestC. stress(正确答案)D. fairness26、—Where are you going, Tom? —To Bill's workshop. The engine of my car needs _____. [单选题] *A. repairing(正确答案)B. repairedC. repairD. to repair27、Be careful when you _______ the street. [单选题] *A. are crossingB. is crossingC. cross(正确答案)D. is cross28、Li Jing often helps me ______ my geography.()[单选题] *A. atB. inC. ofD. with(正确答案)29、Ships can carry more goods than _____ means of transport. [单选题] *A. the otherB. anotherC. any other(正确答案)D. any30、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道。

园艺英语试题及答案

园艺英语试题及答案

园艺英语试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. What is the most common type of plant propagation?A. SeedB. CuttingC. GraftingD. Layering2. Which of the following is not a type of fertilizer?A. NitrogenB. PhosphorusC. PotassiumD. Carbon3. The term "biennial" refers to a plant that completes its life cycle in:A. One yearB. Two yearsC. Three yearsD. Four years4. What is the purpose of pruning in horticulture?A. To remove dead leavesB. To encourage growthC. To control size and shapeD. All of the above5. What is the primary role of chlorophyll in plants?A. To provide energy for photosynthesisB. To store waterC. To protect against pestsD. To attract pollinators二、填空题(每题2分,共10分)6. The process of a plant developing from a seed is called_______.7. The main component of wood is _______.8. A plant that is grown for its flowers is known as a(n)_______.9. The root system that absorbs water and nutrients from the soil is called _______.10. The process of a plant adapting to its environment is known as _______.三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)11. What are the benefits of composting in a garden?12. Explain the difference between annual and perennial plants.13. Describe the role of pollinators in plant reproduction.14. What are some common pests that affect garden plants and how can they be controlled?四、论述题(每题15分,共30分)15. Discuss the importance of soil preparation in gardening and the factors to consider.16. Elaborate on the concept of sustainable gardening and its practices.五、翻译题(每题5分,共10分)17. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文:- 园艺是一种艺术,也是一种科学。

园艺英语试题及答案解析

园艺英语试题及答案解析

园艺英语试题及答案解析1. 园艺学是一门研究什么的科学?A. 植物的栽培技术B. 植物的分类学C. 植物的遗传学D. 植物的生态学答案:A解析:园艺学主要研究植物的栽培技术,包括植物的种植、繁殖、养护、管理等,以提高植物的产量和品质。

2. 以下哪个不是园艺工具?A. 铲子B. 剪刀C. 放大镜D. 喷壶答案:C解析:园艺工具主要包括铲子、剪刀、喷壶等,用于植物的种植、修剪、浇水等操作。

放大镜虽然在园艺中也有使用,但不是园艺工具。

3. 园艺中常用的繁殖方法有哪些?A. 种子繁殖B. 分株繁殖C. 扦插繁殖D. 以上都是答案:D解析:园艺中常用的繁殖方法包括种子繁殖、分株繁殖、扦插繁殖等。

种子繁殖是通过种子发芽生长成新的植株;分株繁殖是将植物的根、茎、叶等部分分割成多个部分,每个部分都能生长成新的植株;扦插繁殖是将植物的茎、叶等部分插入土壤中,使其生根发芽,形成新的植株。

4. 园艺中常用的肥料有哪些?A. 有机肥料B. 无机肥料C. 复合肥料D. 以上都是答案:D解析:园艺中常用的肥料包括有机肥料、无机肥料和复合肥料。

有机肥料主要来源于动植物残体,如堆肥、绿肥等;无机肥料主要来源于化学合成,如氮肥、磷肥、钾肥等;复合肥料则是同时含有多种无机肥料的肥料。

5. 园艺中常用的病虫害防治方法有哪些?A. 物理防治B. 生物防治C. 化学防治D. 以上都是答案:D解析:园艺中常用的病虫害防治方法包括物理防治、生物防治和化学防治。

物理防治是通过物理手段,如捕捉、隔离等,来防治病虫害;生物防治是利用天敌、病原微生物等生物资源来防治病虫害;化学防治则是通过使用农药等化学物质来防治病虫害。

园林专业英语

园林专业英语

景观专业英语2.0001 园林学 landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture 2.0002 造园学 garden making, landscape garden-ing2.0003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture2.0004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture2.0005 园林艺术 garden art2.0006 园林美学 garden aesthetics2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture2.0008 园林建筑 garden building2.0009 园林工程 garden engineering2.0010 园林植物 landscape plant02 园林学02.1 总论2.0001 园林学 landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture 2.0002 造园学 garden making, landscape garden-ing2.0003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture2.0004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture2.0005 园林艺术 garden art2.0006 园林美学 garden aesthetics2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture2.0008 园林建筑 garden building2.0009 园林工程 garden engineering2.0010 园林植物 landscape plant2.0011 观赏植物 ornamental plant2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing2.0013 园林garden and park2.0014 园林学史 history of garden architecture2.0015 园林规划 garden planning, landscaping planning2.0016 园林设计 garden design2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine2.0018 园林管理 garden management2.0019 园林生态 landscape ecology2.0020 绿化greening, planting2.0021 环境绿化 environmental greening2.0022 绿地面积 green area2.0023 绿地率 ratio of green space2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage2.0025 工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing2.0026 街道绿化 street greening, street planting2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening2.0030 群众绿化 mass planting movement2.0031 郊区绿化 suburban greening2.0032 公路绿化 highway g reening2.0033 铁路绿化 railway g reening, railway planting 2.0034 堤岸种植 bank planting2.0035 阳台绿化 balcony greening2.0036 窗台绿化 window-sill greening2.0037 屋顶绿化 roof greening2.0038 垂直绿化 vertical greening2.0039 攀缘绿化 climber greening2.0040 桥头绿化 bridgehead greening2.0041 花园garden2.0042 专类花园 specified flower garden2.0043 花园村 garden village2.0044 园林城市 landscape garden city2.0045 蔷薇园 rose garden2.0046 松柏园 conifer garden2.0047 球根园 bulb garden2.0048 宿根园 perennial garden2.0049 假山园 rock garden, Chinese rockery2.0050 狩猎场 hunting ground2.0051 街心花园 street crossing center garden2.0052 小游园 petty street garden2.0053 水景园 water garden2.0054 铺地园 paved garden2.0055 野趣园 wild plants botanical garden2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden2.0057 乡趣园 rustic garden2.0058 盆景园 penjing garden, miniature land-scape 2.0059 动物园zoo, zoological garden2.0060 墓园cemetery garden2.0061 沼泽园 bog and marsh garden2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden2.0063 学校园 school garden2.0064 室内花园 indoor garden2.0065 芳香花园 fragrant garden2.0066 盲人花园 garden for the blind2.0067 公园park, public park2.0068 城市公园 city park, urban park2.0069 区公园 regional park2.0070 儿童公园 children park2.0071 体育公园 sports park2.0072 森林公园 forest park2.0073 纪念公园 memorial park2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park2.0075 综合公园 comprehensive park2.0076 文化公园 cultural park2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park2.0078 中央公园 central park2.0079 天然公园 natural park2.0080 海滨公园 seaside park, seabeach park2.0081 古迹公园 historic site park2.0082 河滨公园 riverside park2.0083 湖滨公园 lakeside park2.0084 路边公园 roadside park, street park2.0085 娱乐公园 amusement park2.0086 雕塑公园 sculpture park2.0087 休憩公园 recreation park2.0088 疗养公园 sanatorium park2.0089 国家公园 national park2.0090 邻里公园 neighborhood park2.0091 特种公园 special park2.0092 植物园 botanical garden2.0093 植物公园abeled plants park2.0094 高山植物园 alpine garden2.0095 热带植物园 tropical plants garden2.0096 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097 绿地 green space2.0098 公共绿地 public green space2.0099 单位绿地 unit green area2.0100 城市绿地 urban green space2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area2.0102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area2.0103 防护绿地 green area for environmental protection 2.0104 郊区绿地 suburban green space2.0105 街坊绿地 residential block green belt2.0106 附属绿地 attached green space2.0107 生产绿地 productive plantation area2.0108 苗圃nursery2.0109 风景landscape, scenery2.0110 自然景观 natural landscape2.0111 人文景观 human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112 草原景观 prairie landscape2.0113 山岳景观 mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114 地理景观 geographical landscape2.0115 湖泊景观 lake view2.0116 郊区景观 suburban landscape2.0117 地质景观 geological landscape2.0118 喀斯特景观karst landscape2.0119 植物景观 plants landscape, flora landscape02.2 园林史02.2.1 中国园林史2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden2.0123 中国山水园 Chinese mountain and water garden2.0124 帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden2.0125 皇家园林 royal garden2.0126 私家园林 private garden2.0127 江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史2.0128 西方古典园林western classical garden2.0129 英国式园林 English style garden2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden2.0131 意大利式园林Italian style garden2.0132 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden2.0133 法兰西式园林French style garden2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre's style garden2.0135 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa2.0136 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden2.0137 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden2.0139 廊柱园 peristyle garden, patio2.0140 绿廊xystus2.0141 迷阵maze, labyrinth02.2.3 典型中西园林2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden2.0143 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden2.0145 阿房宫 E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑 Shang-Lin Yuan2.0147 未央宫 Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛阳宫 Luoyang Palace2.0149 华清官 Hua-Qing Palace2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden2.0151 圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden2.0152 颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort2.0154 苏州园林 Suzhou traditional garden2.0155 悬园Hanging Garden2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park2.0158 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术2.0159 景 view, scenery, feature2.0160 远景distant view2.0161 近景nearby view2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing2.0164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place 2.0165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 2.0166 漏景leaking through scenery2.0167 框景enframed scenery2.0168 尾景terminal feature2.0169 主景main feature2.0170 副景secondary feature2.0171 配景objective view2.0172 夹景vista line, vista2.0173 前景front view2.0174 背景background2.0175 景序order of sceneries2.0176 景点feature spot, view spot2.0177 仰视景观 upward landscape2.0178 俯视景观 downward landscape2.0179 季相景观 seasonal phenomena2.0180 气象景观 meteorological diversity scenery2.0181 视野visual field2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color2.0183 园林空间 garden space2.0184 开敞空间 wide open space, wide space2.0185 封闭空间 enclosure space2.0186 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery 2.0187 苍古antiquity2.0188 空灵spaciousness, airiness2.0189 动观in-motion viewing2.0190 静观 in-position viewing2.0191 视错觉 visual illusion2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden2.0193 对称平衡 symmetrical balance2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance2.0195 左右对称 bilateral symmetry2.0196 辐射对称 radial symmetry2.0197 透景线 perspective line2.0198 轴线axis, axial line2.0199 主轴main axis2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis2.0202 树冠线 skyline2.0203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors2.0204 单色谐调 monochromatic harmony2.0205 复色谐调 compound chromatic harmony2.0206 对比色突出contrast colors accent2.0207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony2.0208 暖色warm color2.0209 冷色cool color2.0210 色感color sense2.0211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 2.0212 绿地系统 green space system2.0213 公共绿地定额public green space quota2.0214 公共绿地指标public green space norm2.0215 绿地布局 green space layout2.0216 吸引圈 attractive circle2.0217 吸引距离 attractive distance2.0218 有效半径 effective radius2.0219 绿地资源 green space resource2.0220 绿地效果 green space effect2.0221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 2.0222 空间规划 space planning2.0223 形象规划 image plan2.0224 实施规划 implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space2.0227 利用频度 usage frequency2.0228 树种规划 planning of trees and shrubs2.0229 绿地类型 type of green space2.0230 环状绿型 annular green space2.0231 块状绿地 green plot2.0232 点状绿地 green spot2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space2.0234 楔状绿地 wedge-shaped green space2.0235 缓冲绿地 buffer green space2.0236 防音绿地 noiseproof green space2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden2.0239 公园规划 park planning2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning2.0241 总平面规划site planning2.0242 园林分区 garden zoning2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area2.0247 野餐区 picnic place2.0248 散步区 pedestrian space2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252 草坪区 lawn space2.0253 绿荫区 shade tree section2.0254 历史古迹区historical relics area2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area2.0256 诱鸟区 bird sanctuary area2.0257 钓鱼区 fishing center2.0258 野营区 camp site2.0259 游人中心 visitors center2.0260 服务中心 service center2.0261 探险游乐场adventure ground2.0262 文化活动区cultural activities area2.0263 道路系统 approach system, road system2.0264 环形道路系统circular road system2.0265 方格形道路系统latticed road system2.0266 放射形道路系统radiate road system2.0267 自然式道路系统informal road system2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system2.0269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system2.0270 园林规划图garden planning map2.0271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction2.0272 城市公园系统urban park system2.0273 公园分布 distribution of parks2.0274 公园类型 park type, park category2.0275 公园间距 distance between parks2.0276 公园形式 park styles2.0277 游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area2.0278 非游览区 no-admittance area2.0279 办公区 administrative area2.0280 服务区 service center2.0281 动休息区 dynamic rest space2.0282 静休息区 static rest space2.0283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place2.0284 主要入口 main entrance2.0285 次要入口 secondary entrance2.0286 人流量 visitors flowrate2.0287 车流量 vehicle flowrate2.0288 公园道路 park road2.0289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio2.0290 游人容纳量visitors capacity2.0291 风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation2.0292 风景学 scenicology2.0293 风景规划 landscape plan2.0294 风景设计 landscape design2.0295 游览路线 touring route2.0296 旅游资源 tourism resource2.0297 旅游地理 tourism geography2.0298 旅游地质 tourism geology2.0299 历史名城 famous historical city2.0300 文化名城 famous cultural city2.0301 文化遗址 ancient cultural relic2.0302 天然博物馆natural open museum2.0303 风景地貌 natural geomorphology2.0304 造型地貌 imaginative geomorphologic figuration2.0305 风景区 scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot2.0310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot2.0311 森林风景区forest scenic spot2.0312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot2.0313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot2.0314 江河风景区river landscape district2.0315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot2.0316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot2.0317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot2.0318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation2.0320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot2.0321 自然保护区nature protection area2.0322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research2.0323 天然纪念物natural monument2.0324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area02.5 园林设计2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map2.0327 地形图 topographic map, contour map2.0328 种植设计 planting design2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design2.0331 造价分析 cost analysis2.0332 园林形式 garden style2.0333 规整式园林formal garden style2.0334 非规整园林informal garden style2.0335 几何式园林geometric garden style2.0336 自然式园林natural garden style2.0337 混合式园林mixed garden style2.0338 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style2.0339 马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden2.0340 园林区划 garden area division2.0341 园林分区规划garden block planning2.0342 庭院花园 courtyard garden2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard2.0345 中庭patio2.0346 厨园kitchen yard2.0347 沉[床]园 sunken garden2.0348 窗园window garden2.0349 墙园wall garden2.0350 宅园home garden2.0351 台地园 terrace garden2.0352 冬园winter garden2.0353 切花园 cut flower garden2.0354 屋顶花园 roof garden2.0355 后花园 back yard garden2.0356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden 2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork2.0359 太湖石 Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 2.0360 黄石yellowish brown stone2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone2.0362 孤赏石 monolith, standing stone2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making2.0364 叠石stones laying2.0365 板石flag stone2.0366 散点石 scattered stone2.0367 抱角石 corner stone2.0368 屋基石 foundation stone2.0369 排衙石 guard stone2.0370 屏石screen stone2.0371 石岸rock bank2.0372 石阶stone steps2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface 2.0374 附壁石 stone appended to wall2.0375 石花台 stone flower bed2.0376 石凳stone bench2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall2.0378 干砌石 dry stone wall2.0379 假山石楼梯rock stairway2.0380 石亭stone pavilion2.0381 石洞stone cavern2.0382 石窟grotto2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout 2.0384 拱石arch stone2.0385 拱顶石 key stone2.0386 园林水景 water scenes of garden2.0387 水体water body2.0388 水面water surface2.0389 水池pool2.0390 水塘pond2.0391 喷泉fountain2.0392 喷水池 fountain pool2.0393 涉水池 wading pool2.0394 倒影池 mirror pool, reflecting pool2.0395 睡莲池 water-lily pool2.0396 喷水管布置piping schema2.0397 钓鱼塘 fishing pond2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond2.0399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 2.0400 隐头喷泉 secret fountain2.0401 岛园Island garden2.0402 半岛园 peninsula garden2.0403 小岛isle2.0404 瀑布waterfall2.0405 小瀑布 cascade2.0406 湖 lake2.0407 矶 rock projecting over water2.0408 水帘洞 water curtain cave2.0409 园桥garden bridge2.0410 拱桥arch bridge2.0411 石板桥 stone slab bridge2.0412 木板桥 plank bridge2.0413 圆木桥 log bridge2.0414 亭桥pavilion bridge2.0415 曲桥zigzag bridge2.0416 壁泉wall fountain2.0417 饮水喷头 drinking fountain2.0418 植物配植 plant arrangement2.0419 树木配植 arrangement of trees and shrubs 2.0420 群植group planting, mass planting2.0421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 2.0422 丛植clump planting2.0423 组植group planting2.0424 林植forest planting2.0425 列植linear planting2.0426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 2.0427 环植circular planting2.0428 带植belt planting2.0429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 2.0430 边缘种植 edge planting2.0431 边界种植 boundary planting2.0432 整形种植 architectural planting2.0433 基础种植 foundation planting2.0434 角隅种植 corner planting2.0435 景框种植 planting as enframent2.0436 门卫种植 guard planting2.0437 篱恒种植 fence planting2.0438 障景种植 screen planting2.0439 背景种植 background planting2.0440 林下种植 underwood planting2.0441 路边种植 roadside planting2.0442 绿篱hedge2.0443 树墙espalier2.0444 庭荫树 shade tree2.0445 园景树 specimen tree2.0446 风景林 amenity forest, ornamental forest 2.0447 行道树 avenue tree, street tree2.0448 纪念林 memorial forest2.0449 整型树 topiary tree2.0450 花篱flower hedge'2.0451 刺篱thorny plants hedge2.0452 常绿绿篱 evergreen hedge2.0453 落叶绿篱 deciduous hedge2.0454 高篱high hedge2.0455 沟中边篱 hah-hah fence2.0456 图案矮篱 pattern dwarf hedge2.0457 迷宫绿篱 labyrinth hedge2.0458 整剪绿篱 clipped hedge2.0459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge2.0460 边篱boundary fence2.0461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge2.0462 纯林pure forest2.0463 混交林mixed forest2.0464 林间隙地 open space in woodland2.0465 杂木林spinney2.0466 树冠覆盖面 tree canopy2.0467 草坪 lawn2.0468 整形草坪 formal lawn2.0469 开花草坪 flowering lawn2.0470 牧场草坪 meadowy land2.0471 花坛 flower bed2.0472 路边花坛 roadside flower bed2.0473 带状花坛 ribbon flower bed2.0474 时钟花坛 flower clock2.0475 盆栽花坛 potted flower bed, basined flower bed 2.0476 高设花台 raised flower bed2.0477 毛毡花坛 carpet bed2.0478 镶嵌花坛 mosaic bed2.0479 铺石花坛 paved bed2.0480 灌木花坛 shrub bed2.0481 图案花坛群 parterre2.0482 草药花坛 herbaceous flower bed2.0483 花结花坛 knot bed2.0484 整形花坛 formal flower bed2.0485 花境 flower border2.0486 花桶flower tub2.0487 植树箱 planting box2.0488 活动花坛 movable flower bed2.0489 瓶饰garden vase2.0490 灌木花境 shrub border2.0491 混合花境 mixed border2.0492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 2.0493 漫步路 trail, footway2.0494 小径alley, path2.0495 川草坪岛 lawn island2.0496 安全岛 traffic island, refuge island2.0497 转弯曲度 turning curvature2.0498 转弯半径 turning radius2.0499 踏面landing pitch2.0500 步石stepping stone2.0501 涉水踏步 wading step2.0502 错铺路 crazy paving path2.0503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random2.0504 花纹路 pattern path2.0505 林荫路 mall2.0506 林荫大道 boulevard2.0507 花园路 parkway2.0508 林间小道 path in woodland2.0509 种植池 planting bed2.0510 树池保护格栅tree grate2.0511 树干保护套栏tree guard2.0512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting 2.0513 路面线纹 score line2.0514 传统园林建筑traditional garden building 2.0515 凉亭 summer shelter2.0516 活树亭 arbor, tent arbor2.0517 蘑菇亭 mushroom pavilion2.0518 茅亭 thatched pavilion2.0519 竹亭 bamboo pavilion2.0520茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk2.0521回廊cloister2.0522 水廊 corridor on water2.0523 曲廊 zigzag veranda2.0524 扒山廊 sloping gallery2.0525 楼廊 two-storied gallery2.0526 画舫 painted pleasure boat2.0527 石舫 stone boat2.0528 不击舟 immovable pleasure boat 2.0529 诗条石 poem-engraved stone slab 2.0530 月洞门 moon gate2.0531 扶手栏杆 handrail2.0532 坐凳栏杆 seat rail2.0533 石碑stone tablet, stele2.0534 园林露天剧场 open garden theater2.0535 园林露天舞池 open garden dancing place 2.0536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand2.0537 眺望台 prospect deck2.0538 繁殖温室 plant propagation greenhouse 2.0539 展览温室 public conservatory2.0540 月池 new-moon pool2.0541 园林小品 small garden ornaments2.0542 磁砖壁画 painted tile mural tablet2.0543 园椅 garden chair, garden seat 2.0544 园凳 garden bench2.0545 园桌 garden table2.0546 园灯 garden lamp2.0547 日规 sundial2.0548 鸟浴 bird bath2.0549 鸟舍 bird cottage, nestle box2.0550 鸟笼 bird cage, bird coop2.0551 悬篮 hanging basket2.0552 野鸟喂食器bird feeder2.0553 额匾 horizontal inscribed board2.0554 楹联 couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar2.0555 引露天烤炉open barbecue2.0556 树棚 living-tree pergola2.0557 花架 pergola2.0558 花格架 trellis, treillage2.0559 点景牌楼 naming pailou, decorated archway2.0560 园林施工 garden layout, garden construction2.0561 种植工程 planting engineering2.0562 大树移植 big tree transplanting2.0563 裸根移植 bare root transplanting2.0564 土球移植 ball transplanting2.0565 沟植 trench planting2.0566 假植 heeling in, temporary planting2.0567 播种草坪 seeding lawn2.0568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn2.0569 假山工程 rockery engineering2.0570 掇山五法 five methods" of rock piling2.0571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced2.0572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part2.0573 上轻下重法method of lowering the center ofgravity of rocks2.0574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins2.0575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials2.0576 观赏树木 ornamental tree and shrub2.0577 观叶植物 foliage plant2.0578 观果植物 fruit-effect plant2.0579 观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches2.0580 指示植物 indicating plant2.0581 主景植物 accent plant2.0582 耐湿植物 damp tolerant plant2.0583 抗风植物 wind-resistant plant2.0584 耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant2.0585 市花 city flower2.0586 市树 city tree2.0587 国花 national flower2.0588 国树 national tree2.0589 芳香植物 fragrant plant2.0590 抗污染植物pollution resistant plant2.0591 环保植物 environment protecting plant2.0592 高山植物 alpine plant2.0593 岩生植物 rock plant2.0594 攀缘植物 climbing plant, climber2.0595 地被植物 ground cover plant2.0596 阴生植物 shade plant2.0597 装饰植物 decorative plant2.0598 装缘植物 edging plant2.0599 绿蓠植物 hedge plant2.0600 草坪植物 lawn plant, lawn grass2.0601 花坛植物 bedding plant2.0602 球根植物 bulbous plant2.0603 宿根植物 perennial plant, perennial2.0604 水生植物 aquatic plant, hydrophyte2.0605 旱生植物 xerophyte2.0606 沼泽植物 bog plant, swamp plant2.0607 室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant 2.0608 切花cut flower2.0609 垂枝植物 pendulous plant, weeping plant2.0610 缠绕植物 twiner, twinning plant2.0611 针叶植物 needle-leaved plant2.0612 阔叶植物 broad-leaved plant2.0613 斑叶植物 variegate-leaved plant2.0614 松柏植物 conifer2.0615 常绿植物 evergreen plant2.0616 半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant2.0617 不耐寒植物tender plant2.0618 半耐寒植物half-hardy plant2.0619 耐寒植物 hardy plant2.0620 耐旱植物 drought enduring plant2.0621 山石材料 stone material2.0622 昆山石 Kunshan stone2.0623 钟乳石 stalactite2.0624 灵壁石 Lingbi stone2.0625 英德石 Yingde stone2.0626青石Qing stone2.0627 宣石 Xuan stone2.0628 房山石 Fangshan stone2.0629 观赏动物 ornamental animal2.0630 观赏鸟类 ornamental bird2.0631 观赏兽类 ornamental beast2.0632 观赏昆虫类ornamental insect02.8 园林机具设备2.0633 园林机械 garden machine2.0634 园林工具 garden instrument, garden implement2.0635 园林设备 garden equipment2.0636 花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider2.0637 种植容器 planting container2.0638 圆木桩 log peg2.0639 喷射装置 jet bubbler2.0640 滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator2.0641 环动喷灌器circle sprinkler2.0642 圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler2.0643 自控器 automatic controller2.0644 管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler2.0645 固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler2.0646 喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler2.0647 喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage2.0648 草坪加肥器lawn feeder2.0649 施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler2.0650 液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner2.0651 滴水喷头 emitter, dripper2.0652 水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net2.0653苗木包装材料nursery stock package material 2.0654 麻布袋 burlap bag2.0655 铁丝篮 wire basket2.0656 篮状种植器basket container2.0657 塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican2.0658 播种盘 seed tray2.0659 网孔盆 mesh pot2.0660 含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot2.0661 盆栽机 potting machine2.0662 换盆机 repotting machine2.0663 再生纸种植器reclaimed paper container2.0664 纤维育苗器wood fiber plant grower2.0665 泥炭压制播种饼peat seeding pellet, peat seeding starter 2.0666 松土除草机cultivator2.0667 旋转锄 rotary hoe2.0668 切叶机 foliage cutter2.0669 翻地犁 uncovering plough2.0670 盖土机 mounted spreader2.0671 前悬装土机front mounted loader2.0672 后缀装土机rear mounted loader2.0673 旋轴剪草机spindle mower2.0674 栽植机 planting machine2.0675 植物覆盖 plant mulching2.0676 覆盖物分散机 mulch spreader2.0677 种子液肥喷洒机hydro seeder2.0678 修枝剪 pruning shear2.0679 播种器 garden seeder2.0680 球根种植器bulb planter2.0681 土壤酸度探测器pH-value computer2.0682 巴效分析器fertilizer analyzer2.0683 嫁接刀 grafting knife2.0684 温室设备 greenhouse equipment2.0685 盆栽灌水系统pot watering system2.0686 温室气候控制器greenhouse climate controller2.0687 温室覆盖 greenhouse covering2.0688 喷雾自控系统automatic mist control system2.0689 二氧化碳发生器C02 generator2.0690 温度报警钟temperature alarm2.0691 游览车 park sightseeing bus2.0692 引剪草机 lawn mower2.0693 动力剪草机power lawnmower2.0694 畜力剪草机horse lawnmower2.0695 手推剪草机hand lawnmower2.0696 游人调查 visitors investigation2.0697 游人统计 visitors statistics2.0698 游人分析 garden visitors analysis2.0699 游人管理 visitors management2.0700 导游图 tourist map2.0701 导游解说 tour description and direction2.0702 劳动管理 labour management2.0703 物资管理 material handling, goods handling2.0704 设备管理 equipment management, facility management 2.0705 财务管理 financial management2.0706 安全管理 safety management2.0707 环境监测 environmental monitor2.0708 植物养护管理plant maintenance and management2.0709 园林技术管理garden technical management2.0710 质量管理 quality management2.0711 园貌维修 garden feature maintenance2.0712 植物整形修剪plant trimming and pruning2.0713 植物病虫防治disease and insect control2.0714 园林管理规划management plan2.0715 游人意见处理treatment of visitors opinions2.0716 游人规则 visitors regulation2.0717 园内交通管理traffic control in park2.0718 园外交通管理traffic control out of park entrance2.0719 汽车停车规则parking rules2.0720 自行车停放规则bicycle parking rules2.0721 开放时间 opening time2.0722 日常清洁卫生管理daily sanitation and hygiene management 2.0723 人类生态环境human ecological environment2.0724 自然系统 natural system2.0725 自然资源 natural resource2.0726 自然保护 conservation of nature2.0727 自然保存 natural preservation2.0728 环境保护 environmental protection2.0729 环境容量 environment capacity2.0730 环境适宜性environment fitness2.0731 环境空气质量标准ambient air quality2.0732 共生 symbiosis2.0733 互惠共生 mutualism2.0734 公害 public nuisance2.0735 生态绝灭 ecological extinction2.0736 生态系统 ecosystem2.0737 生态圈 ecosphere2.0738 生态灾难 ecological disaster2.0739 环境质量 environmental quality2.0740 环境压力 environment stress2.0741 生命维持系统life-support system2.0742 反馈系统 feedback system2.0743 自养生物 autotroph2.0744 异养生物 heterotroph2.0745 食物链 foodchain2.0746 生物圈 biosphere2.0747 濒危植物 endangered plant, threatened plant2.0748 主体群落 major community2.0749 人工群落 artificial community2.0750 绿色革命 green revolution2.0751 户外娱乐资源outdoor recreation resource2.0752 原始环境系统wilderness environment system2.0753 近代环境系统modern environment system2.0754 乡村生活模式country life-pattern2.0755 烟害 smoke pollution, fume pollution2.0756 雾害 fog pollution2.0757 霜害 frost injury2.0758 水污染 water pollution2.0759 土壤污染 soil pollution, soil contamination2.0760 园林小气候garden microclimate2.0761 环境保护植物environmental conservation plant2.0762 引气候调节climatic regulation2.0763 自动调节机能homeostasis2.0764 生态平衡 ecological homeostasis2.0765 森林生态系统forest ecosystem2.0766 草原生态系统prairie ecosystem2.0767 滞尘植物 dust holding plant园林专业英语景观专业词汇1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) main entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle & pedestrian)2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2nd entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle & pedestrian)3.商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景water feature5.小型露天剧场mini amphi-theatre6.迎宾景观-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台timber deck (viewing)8.竹园bamboo garden9.漫步广场walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2 grand welcoming feature -212.木桥timber bridge13.洞穴grotto14.吊桥hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处) lounging terrace(lower)16.休憩台地(高处) lounging terrace(upper)17.特色踏步feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪river wild19.儿童乐园children's playground20.旱冰道slide21.羽毛球场badminton court22.旱景dry landscape23.日艺园Japanese garden24.旱喷泉dry fountain25.观景台viewing deck26.游泳池swimming pool27.极可意Jacuzzi28.嬉水池wading pool29.儿童泳池children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙winding wall31.石景雕塑rock sculpture32.中心广场central plaza33.健身广场exercise plaza34.桥bridge35.交流广场meditating plaza36.趣味树阵tree battle formation37.停车场parking area38.特色花架trellis39.雕塑小道sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区putting green41.高尔夫球会所golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口entrance paving to unit43.篮球场basketball court44.网球场tennis court45.阶梯坐台terracing seatwall46.广场main plaza47.森林forest garden48.石景园rockery garden49.旱溪dry stream50.凉亭Pavilion51.户外淋浴outdoor shower52.拉膜结构tensile structure53.台阶stair54.高尔夫球车停车场parking(golf car)55.健身站exercise station56.晨跑小路jogging footpath57.车道/人行道driveway/sidewalk58.人行漫步道promenade59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) water fall and dancing fountain (entry plaza)。

园艺专业英语第三版试卷

园艺专业英语第三版试卷

园艺专业英语第三版试卷1、25.—I ______ Beijing for a holiday.—________. [单选题] *A.will go;GoodbyeB.will go;Have a good time(正确答案)C.will go to;Have a good timeD.am going to;Have a fun2、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will3、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think4、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so5、The beautiful radio _______ me 30 dollars. [单选题] *A. spentB. paidC. cost(正确答案)D. took6、80.Thousands of ________ from other countries visit the village every year. [单选题] * A.robotsB.postcardsC.tourists(正确答案)D.bridges7、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *A. BecauseB. In order to(正确答案)C. Thanks toD. In addition to8、21.Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A.JoinB.AttendC.EnterD.Take part in (正确答案)9、What he said sounds _______. [单选题] *A. pleasantlyB. nicelyC. friendly(正确答案)D. wonderfully10、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *A. two dayB. two daysC. two-day(正确答案)D. two-days11、43.How much did you ________ the man for the TV? [单选题] *A.pay(正确答案)B.takeC.spendD.buy12、He was?very tired,so he stopped?_____ a rest. [单选题] *A. to have(正确答案)B. havingC. haveD. had13、I don't know the man _____ you are talking about. [单选题] *A. who'sB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. which14、I’m sorry there are ______ apples in the fridge. You must go and buy some right now.()[单选题] *A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few(正确答案)15、--Could you please tell me _______ to get to the nearest supermarket?--Sorry, I am a stranger here. [单选题] *A. whatB. how(正确答案)C. whenD. why16、—What’s the matter with that boy?—______.()[单选题] *A. He is watching TV in his roomB. He takes his temperatureC. He was playing a toy carD. He hurt his right leg(正确答案)17、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up18、- I haven't been to Guilin yet.- I haven t been there, ______. [单选题] *A. tooB. alsoC. either(正确答案)D. neither19、My watch usually _______ good time, but today it is five minutes fast. [单选题] *A. goesB. makesC. keeps(正确答案)D. gains20、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. ()[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting21、Jack would rather spend time complaining than_____the problem by himself. [单选题] *A.solve(正确答案)B.solvedC.solvesD.to solve22、Experts are making an investigation on the spot. They want to find a way to()the tower. [单选题] *A. Restore(正确答案)B. resumeC. recoverD. reunite23、______ in the library. ()[单选题] *A. Don’t smokingB. No smokeC. No smoking(正确答案)D. Doesn’t smoke24、I hadn't realized she was my former teacher _____ she spoke [单选题] *A. asB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. while25、Medicines are to be taken according to the doctor’s advice. [单选题] *A. 发放B. 提取C. 配方D. 服用(正确答案)26、Jim will _______ New York at 12 o’clock. [单选题] *A. get onB. get outC. get offD. get to(正确答案)27、____ is standing at the corner of the street. [单选题] *A. A policeB. The policeC. PoliceD. A policeman(正确答案)28、_______ your help, I can’t finish my job. [单选题] *A. withB. without(正确答案)C. inD. into29、Mary, together with her children ,_____ some video show when I went into the sitting room. [单选题] *A. were watchingB. was watching(正确答案)C. is watchingD. are watching30、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A.should goB.must have goneC.might goD..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)。

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1.A Chinese greenhouse中国式的温室包含一条东西走向的厚墙,在它南面有一根与地面成30°-40°夹角的竹竿,且竹竿上表面覆盖了一层透明的油纸。

2.As a result of evaporation蒸腾作用,光合作用和呼吸作用的结果是影响作物二氧化碳质量的平衡和大气水蒸气压及能量平衡。

3.At full cover,the growth rate of field crops 总体来说,田间作物生长速率典型的在150-300Kg/公顷/d的干物质积累量,这些被认为潜在的生物速率和产量有关。

4.Any severe imbalance or对于一种营养元素,无论是严重的不平衡还是缺乏,都会阻碍植物的正常发育。

5.Appearance components include size外观品质的内容包括大小,形态,整齐度,颜色,光泽和少许由于物理和机械损伤造成的瑕疵,生理失调,或者昆虫和微生物的附着。

6.But because of an expanding root system但是因为根系的伸长,持续对P的吸收和对其需要量的减少,P不再是限制的因素,植物生长最终的限制因素是它们从土壤中能吸收的缺乏。

7.Biological factors involved使采后农产品质量下降的生物因素包括呼吸作用,乙烯的生成,成份的改变,水分的损失,物理损伤,生理衰竭和病理损害。

post can be不仅农家肥而且植物的残枝败叶都可以形成堆肥,并且有时加入化学肥料为了增加对植物生长的影响。

9.Controlled environment agriculture has gained in 受控环境下农业已经被增加在园艺生产上的重要性,不仅在蔬菜和观赏作物生产中,而且在用种子或组织培养形成的幼苗生产过程中也很重要。

10.Crop growth rate may be limited by low作物的生长速率可能被限制,因为低的过磷酸钙的供应和土壤中其他矿质营养的缺乏,至少在生长季节和水分缺少或者其他因素。

11.Conventional and organic greenhouse普通温室和有机温室生产上的不同在于盆栽基质的类型,施肥措施和它们所使用的虫害防治方法。

12.Due to plastics and better environment control 因为塑料薄膜使用和更好的控制环境系统,包括新的品种和生物控制技术,将来的溶液培养比过去50年的任何时间都会好的!13.Distored expression of these genes at the wrong 这些基因的异常表达在错误的地方和时间能导致改变花器官的一致性。

14.During the fall, winter, and spring在秋天冬天和春天,当大多数的温室番茄在生长,高温和流通不顺的空气为许多病害的发生创造了一个理想的生长环境。

15.Evidence suggests that GA证据表明,受精后的幼小胚囊中所产生的赤霉素,能够帮助苹果及其他核果类坐果。

16.For the first time American farmers美国农门第一次大面积种植抗除草剂和抗虫棉等转基因作物。

17.Following the initiation period花端发育后,芽内花的分化相当迅速,以至于许多种类的果树在进入冬眠时花的所有部分都已经明显的形成。

18.For example, consumers buy fruits例如,消费者买水果时首先是根据其外表,但是他们却很可能会头来买那些他们尝过后,感觉口感满意的水果。

19. Florigen is said to be据说,成花素是在相对成熟的叶片内合成的,并可以通过韧皮部转移到发端发生的邻近芽中。

20.GA not only inhibits赤霉素不仅能阻止花的发端,也可以在其发育过程中引起部分花原基逆转成营养结构21.Good ventilation and air circulation在温室中,良好的通风和空气循环,严格的公共卫生设施,保持最适宜的温度和湿度水平是控制病害的有效方法。

22.Heating and carbon-dioxide早在上个世纪荷兰广泛的应用分解混合的马粪便和植物残余物质来给温床加热和施二氧化碳肥,而且在种植黄瓜和瓜类时仍然普遍使用直到二战后期马被拖拉机代替。

23.Hormonal stimulus from初期胚胎中的植物激素刺激物可以阻止果实脱落,让子房及其邻近组织膨大成一个发育中的果实。

24 .It includes a discussion of这是关于阳畦和温床,园艺用钟形玻璃盖,单屋面温室,冬季花园,柑橘温室,温室和玻璃温室多种形式的设施栽培的一个讨论,并且用塑料薄膜覆盖是不同面积的设施,从小拱棚,中拱棚,到大拱棚不等。

25. In this sense,climate从某种意义上,气候控制被认为与商业目的有关,例如高效生产的高质量产品,在适时以可以接受的花费和风险,并且在环境方面尽可能的限制。

26.In a re-circulated溶液循环系统是持续改变其浓度和养分平衡的因为不同植物吸收不同。

27.It is now better understood as a system of可控环境农业系统现被很好的理解,通过精确地控制空气和根区温度,水分,湿度,植物营养,co2含量甚至光照。

28. In the “on year”,when the terminal bud caden 在大年,当包含雌花的顶芽延伸为枝条时,在较低节位的侧芽枝条就会延伸减少,这样它们用于第二年坐果的雌花的顶芽会落花或落果,从而导致小年。

29. Integrated pest management(I P M)IPM是一种可以被用于有机产业也可以被用于常规生产体系中的策略。

30. In most fresh commodities在许多新鲜的农产品中,其营养品质的下降要快于口感品质的,而其口感品质上的下降又比质地和外观品质上下降得快。

31. Initiation in temperature-zone species温带地区品种花的发端比热带地区的安排更接近季节性,热带地区开花的同步性不像生存那么重要。

32.It has been reported据报道在土壤中施用大量粪肥可以提高土壤有机物是含量,增加土壤团粒和水的渗透能力,减少土壤容重和土壤板结。

33.Jackson and Sweet , howerer然而,Jackson和Sweet,引用了证据对单一的开花刺激物的存在提出质疑,这是由于再给定的植物种类中,通过许多已知的替换方法花能在一个给定的种类中发端。

34.Litht intensity,referred to as the photosynthetic光强指波长从400-700nm空间的单位在叶面积和单位时间的光量子的摩尔数。

35.Light saturation point is the light intensity 光饱和点是在给足温度,co2浓度和相对湿度条件下叶片光合作用速率达到最大值时的光强。

36.Monsnto approached孟三都公司研究一个乙烯问题,它通过番茄的基因工程控制表达一个来自假单孢的基因。

这个基因能编码打破ACC 酶的降解为代谢产物而不是乙烯的酶的能力,这导致了水果在成熟时的相似推迟,这样能克服乙烯的应用37. Maintaining optimum nutrient,light保持适宜的营养、光照和温度将会生产出更强壮的植株,使其能够更好的抵抗病虫害38.Nutrient solution营养液被充分供应,从施肥器或者大的供应槽到基质的表面为了使基质变湿润。

39.Nutrient solution is delivered营养液被输送到容器中,通过容器内黑色聚乙烯管道或空气管或空气管或喷液榜或圆心滴管组成的营养液供液管道。

40.Natural mulches自然地地膜覆盖例如叶子,秸秆,木屑,泥炭和堆肥已经使用了几个世纪为了控制种子和维持土壤水分,这些材料没有一个被使用在现代商业蔬菜生产中。

41.Often considered经常认为农业塑料开始于美国,Dr 为农业研制出许多塑料技术方法通过他在温室,小拱棚和地膜覆盖的研究。

42.Prior to this time ,many scientists在此前,20世纪70年代DNA重组技术还没被发明出来时许多科学家就推测使用它可以提高生物体,但是由于受到将遗传信息插入到基因上的技术限制。

43.Particularly with regard to尤其对于观赏作物,忍受范围相当窄,如果在开花期间温度没有保持在一定范围内,则将会极大影响植物或花的形状和颜色。

44.Photosynthesis is a process whereby atmospheric 光合作用是一个过程,大气中的co2在光合水的存在下被还原,并形成简单的碳水化合物和来自水的o2被释放。

45.Pruning can change the canopy configure修剪能够改变果树的冠层结构,增强叶面积在光下和提高光合效率。

46.Plant organs and tissues that synthesis and合成并输出物质的植物器官和组织叫源,同时把输入物质的植物器官叫库。

47.Rarely to do actual cases correspond exactly 实际情况很少和这些产量状况之一完全一致,但是如图所示,将特定的因子用图表法划分到一类中,对产量系统分析室有用的。

48.Removal of the commodities从植株上采摘农产品通常是通过大枝的修剪或张力胁迫完成的,使用的机械设备有采摘机,带密齿的耙或耙,混合器,搅拌器或切割机。

49.Sweet cherry and apricot fruits通过使用赤霉素和生长素可以让甜樱桃和杏进行单性结实,但正常发育下,这是不可能获得的。

50.Some fruit such as the一些果树,例如无花果会结无籽果实,或者是自然形成,或者是由于生他长调节剂的喷洒,但是他们通常通过异花授粉结有籽果。

51.Some fruits such as the cherry and一些水果如樱桃和杏,花的发端在当季作物收获后进行,因此,在收获产品后照顾好树有助于第二年的良好开花。

52.Sachs suggests that nutrientsSachs 表明同化物在荷尔蒙的控制下,从其他区域被转移到该区域的中心分化组织中,在那儿可以直接引起花的发端。

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