2017最新机械专业英语期末考试题及答案
2017-2018第一学期机电1731期末试卷及答案
安徽化工学校2017-2018学年机电1731英语期末考试试卷总分：120分时间：90分钟Name：Class：Mark：一、(英汉互译)（15分）（一）单词（10*1=10）1、bakery2、多云的3、invite4、地址5、delicious_______6、俱乐部7、hobby 8、下雪的________ 9、shopping10、电子邮件（二）短语（5*1=5）11、职业学校12、apply for13、特价销售14、cell phone15、用英语二、选词填空。
将正确序号填入左边的括号内：（10*2=20）( ) 16. What ______ your name?My name _____ Paul.A are is B. is is C. is are D. are are( ) 17.What ______ I do for you?A. canB. wouldC. mayD. did( ) 18. There _____ a teacher, two boys and three girls in the classroom.A．is B. be C. am D. are( ) 19What’s the weather like in _____ hometown?A.youB. yourC. yoursD./( ) 20.This seat is _______.A. mineB./C. myD.I( ) 21. How ______ things?A. isB. areC. beD. am( ) 22. -----Can I lend your English-Chinese dictionary?-----A. You’re welcome.B. OK. Let me try.C. Not at all.D. Sure. Here you are.( ) 23. The red skirt is ______.A. sheB. herC. she’sD. hers( ) 24. I’d like to _____ your club.A. joinB. join inC. join toD. /( ) 25. Your advice is good. I’ll ____ it.A. takeB. giveC. makeD. do 三、.完形填空，将正确的序号填入左边的括号内：（10*1.5=15）There are four seasons in a year. They are spring, __26__, autumn and winter. In spring the weathergets__27__.The grass becomes __28__.Summer is the hottest season of the year. The days are __29__ and the__30__ are short. The sun always shines brightly, but__31___it is cloudy and there are heavy rains. In autumn the__32__is blue and people feel happy. When winter__33__,we have to wear warm clothes. It is very __34__.It often snows and children like to __35__ a snowman for fun.( )26. A. summer B. Sunday C. September( )27. A. cold B. cool C. warm( )28. A. red B. brown C. green( )29. A. long B. short C. shorter( )30. A nights B. days C. weeks( )31. A. usually B. sometimes C. always( )32. A. ground B. tree C. sky( )33. A. comes B. come C. coming( )34. A. warm B. cold C. hot( )35. A. do B.build C. play四、阅读理解(10*2=20)AI am a girl. My English name is Linda. I am eleven years old. I have eight subjects at school. They are Chinese, math, English, P.E.,music, art, science and history.My favorite subject is Chinese. I think it is interesting. I also like English. But it's a little difficult for me.I can speak only a little English. History is interesting ,too. I like it. Math is difficult. Mr Wang is our math teacher. He is very strict. I'm usually tired after his class. But I work hard. I think I can study it well.根据内容选词填空，将正确的序号填入左边的括号内：( )36.Linda is ______.A.11B.12C.13( )37.Linda has ______subjects at school.A. sixB. sevenC. eight( )38.Linda's favorite subject is ______.A. ChineseB. EnglishC. math( )39.Linda thinks English is ______.A .difficultB .interestingC .a little difficult( )40.______ is NOT true.A. Linda can speak a little English.B. My favorite subject is English.C. Mr Wang is our math teacher.BDifferent people have different hobbies. For example, some people like reading, some like swimming and some like collecting things.In the past , I loved reading books and drawing pictures because by reading books I could learn many new things. Now traveling is my favorite. I enjoy visiting many different places of interest. I can learn a lot about people , places and history . It’s very interesting.I have many good friends. They all have their hobbies. Mary studies very hard, and her hobby is reading.Tony loves physical work, and his hobby is gardening. He usually plants flowers and trees in his yard. Judy is a quiet girl. She likes knitting . She likes to knit sweaters for her dolls. We all have different hobbies, but we are still good friends.( )41The writer liked_______ in the past.A.travelingB. gardeningC. readingD. knitting( )42. According to the writer, traveling is _______A. boringB. interestingC. excitingD. difficult( )43. Mary loves ______A. readingB. knittingC. gardeningD. visiting places of interest( )44. Tony often plants_____ in his yard.A. flowersB. treesC. fruitD. flowers and trees( )45. Judy likes knitting sweaters for her_______.A. dollsB. friendsC. parentsD. herselfCAmericans eat almost everything with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in one’s right hand longer a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.The system is that if it is necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut offa piece of meat or whatever it is in the plate. Then they put the knife down, transfer(转移) the fork to their right hand,and only then do they transport the food to their mouth . This is clearly funny, but it is considered good manners.Tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks. The outside fork is for the salad. There is no need for foreign visitors to eat the salad with only a fork, but if you do use your knife, remember to save it for the meat course. Even desserts(except ice cream) are eaten with a fork and the spoon by your dessert is meant to be for coffee ( but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).( )46.______ eat almost everything with a fork.A.People in the USAB. People in South AmericaC. People in ChinaD. People in the UN( )47. Which of the statements is true?A.Holding a knife in one’s right hand is considered to be bad table manners.B. Americans put food into their mouths with a one knife.C. Tables are usually laid with two forks and one knife.D. The outside fork is for the desserts.( )48. The spoon by your dessert is usually for _____.A. meatB. coffeeC. everythingD. whatever is on the plate( )49. If you use the spoon for your dessert, ______.A.you will be laughed atB. you will be asked to go outC. you will be considered impoliteD. it is OK( )50. Which title is best for this passage?A.How to Eat with a KnifeB. Eating Customs in AmericaC. Beautiful American ForksD. Funny Eating HabitsDWhen you want to see big cities in China , you can rent a car and drive in the cities by yourself. You can also take a taxi. But you will pay a lot of money for these two days. A lot of people like to go by subway or by bus. The subway is the fastest way to get around in busy cities even during the rush hour .It is now becoming more and more popular. You don’t need to pay much money if you want to take a bus, but it i s much slower than the subway. To see a city closely by bike is a cheaper and better way. But the best and wisest way to get around in downtown areas is to go on foot.根据短文内容判断正误。
机械英语试题及答案解析
机械英语试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the process of removing material froma workpiece to create a part?A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A2. Which of the following is a type of metal cutting operation?A. DrillingB. SolderingC. BrazingD. Annealing答案：A3. The term "CNC" stands for:A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Closed Network CircuitC. Centralized Network CommunicationD. Continuous Numerical Calculation答案：A4. What is the primary function of a lathe?A. To shape woodB. To cut threads on a workpieceC. To bend metal sheetsD. To forge metal答案：B5. In the context of manufacturing, what does "CAD" refer to?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Diagnosis答案：A6. Which of the following is a common material used in the production of machine parts?A. PlasticB. CeramicC. AlloyD. Glass答案：C7. The process of joining two pieces of metal by heating them to their melting point is known as:A. SolderingB. BrazingC. WeldingD. Gluing答案：C8. What is the role of a milling machine in the manufacturing process?A. To cut internal threadsB. To shape the surface of a workpieceC. To drill holesD. To create a smooth finish on a surface答案：B9. The term "tolerance" in mechanical engineering refers to:A. The maximum weight of a partB. The acceptable variation in size or shape of a partC. The minimum strength of a materialD. The standard size of a part答案：B10. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?A. To hold workpieces in place during machiningB. To measure the dimensions of a partC. To cut threads on a workpieceD. To provide power to a machine tool答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of shaping metal by applying pressure is known as _______.答案：Forging12. A _______ is a tool that holds a cutting tool and guides it through a specific path.答案：Cutter13. In machining, the term "feed rate" refers to the _______ of the tool relative to the workpiece.答案：Speed14. The _______ is a device that can be used to measure the internal diameter of a hole.答案：Micrometer15. The process of hardening a metal to increase its strength is called _______.答案：Quenching16. A _______ is a machine tool used for shaping a workpiece by removing material.答案：Milling Machine17. The _______ is the process of cutting a workpiece along a straight line.答案：Sawing18. The _______ is a type of machine tool used for cutting internal threads.答案：Tapping Machine19. The _______ is the process of heating and cooling a metalto alter its physical properties.答案：Heat Treatment20. A _______ is a device that holds a workpiece in place during machining.答案：Vise三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）21. Explain the difference between a milling machine and a lathe.答案：A milling machine is used for shaping the surfaceof a workpiece by removing material with a rotating multi-toothed cutter, whereas a lathe is used for shaping a workpiece by rotating it and cutting it with a stationary tool.22. What is the purpose of a jig in the manufacturing process?答案：A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece in a specific position while it is being machined, ensuring accuracy and repeatability in the production process.四、论述题（每题15分，共15分）23. Discuss the importance of precision in mechanical engineering and how it affects the performance of a machine.答案：Precision in mechanical engineering is crucial asit ensures that components fit together correctly andfunction as intended. Inaccurate parts can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and even failure of the machine. Precision is achieved through the use of。
机械工程英语试题及答案
机械工程英语试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "mechanical engineering" refers to the field of study that involves the application of principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems.A. TrueB. False答案：A2. Which of the following is not a sub-discipline of mechanical engineering?A. RoboticsB. ThermodynamicsC. Civil EngineeringD. Materials Science答案：C3. The process of converting a design into a physical object is known as:A. PrototypingB. DesignC. AnalysisD. Manufacturing答案：D4. In mechanical engineering, what does the acronym "CAD" stand for?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Drawing答案：A5. What is the primary function of a bearing in a mechanical system?A. To reduce frictionB. To increase frictionC. To absorb shockD. To generate heat答案：A6. The study of heat transfer, thermal energy storage, and the effects of temperature on materials is known as:A. ThermodynamicsB. Fluid MechanicsC. Heat TransferD. Materials Science答案：C7. What is the SI unit for power?A. WattB. JouleC. NewtonD. Pascal答案：A8. A gear system that uses two or more gears to transmit motion and force is called:A. GearboxB. Pulley systemC. Cam mechanismD. Lever system答案：A9. In mechanical engineering, what does the term "stress" refer to?A. Force per unit areaB. Strain per unit forceC. Force per unit volumeD. Strain per unit volume答案：A10. Which of the following is a type of energy storage device used in mechanical systems?A. SpringB. BatteryC. CapacitorD. Inductor答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ of a material is its ability to resist deformation under applied force.答案：stiffness2. The ________ of a material is its ability to resist breaking under stress.答案：strength3. In a four-stroke internal combustion engine, the ________ stroke is where the fuel-air mixture is compressed.答案：compression4. A ________ is a mechanical device that converts rotational motion into linear motion.答案：screw5. The ________ of a system is the total energy required to produce the system.答案：embodied energy6. A ________ is a type of simple machine consisting of a wheel and a rope wrapped around it.答案：pulley7. The ________ of a system is the energy required to operate the system over its lifetime.答案：operational energy8. A ________ is a type of energy storage device that uses the elastic properties of materials to store energy.答案：spring9. The ________ of a material is its ability to resist deformation under stress.答案：ductility10. A ________ is a type of energy storage device that uses the potential energy of a raised mass to store energy.答案：gravity storage system三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Explain the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium in mechanical systems.答案：Static equilibrium refers to a state where all forces and moments acting on a system are balanced, resulting in no acceleration. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the net force and net moment on a system are zero, allowing the system to move with constant velocity.2. Describe the function of a flywheel in a mechanical system. 答案：A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that stores rotational kinetic energy. It smooths out fluctuations in the power delivery of an engine or motor, providing a moreconstant output.3. What is the purpose of a heat exchanger in a mechanical system?答案：A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids without mixing them. Its purposeis to either cool a hot fluid or heat a cold fluid, improving the efficiency of the system.4. Explain the concept of a control system in mechanical engineering.答案：A control system in mechanical engineering is a system that regulates the behavior of other systems or processes. It uses feedback to compare the actual output with the desired output and makes adjustments to minimize the difference, ensuring the system operates as intended.。
机械专业英语期末考试复习题库
metal金属nonferrous非铁金属，有色金属ferrous黑色金属copper铜aluminum 铝strength强度hardness硬度corrode腐蚀foundry 铸造、铸造厂casting铸件、铸造pig iron 生铁drop forging 落锤锻tolerance公差furnace炉子pyrometer 高温计solder焊料weld焊接electrode 电极anneal退火Melting point熔点grinding 磨削加工tempering 回火quench 淬火、熄灭modulus 系数，模elasticity弹性elastic 弹性的mesh 啮合worm蜗杆spur gear直齿圆柱齿轮helical gear斜齿圆柱齿轮straight bevel 直齿锥齿轮worm gear 涡轮lubricant润滑剂pitch螺距lead 导程torque 扭矩rack齿条left hand threads左螺纹right hand threads 右螺纹cam凸轮follower 从动件pulley 滑轮belt 皮带critical 临界点woodruff key 半圆键cantilever 悬臂tepered key 锥形键washer 垫圈spring 弹簧screw 螺钉bolt螺栓coupling 联轴器nut 螺母chain 链条bearing 轴承rigid刚性的intensity [强度flexibility挠性inertia惯性tolerance公差pin-joint 铰接hinge 铰链brake制动器lathe 车床thread 螺纹drilling钻削boring 镗削milling铣削turning 切削friction 摩擦力chip 屑片external grinder 外圆磨床die 模具internal grinder 内圆磨床finish粗糙度surface grinder 平面磨床centerless grinder 无心磨床cutter grinder工具磨床wear 磨损refinement精加工roughing operations 粗加工twist drill麻花钻twist drill麻花钻trail 踪迹, 痕迹, 形迹jack 提高robotics机器人技术manipulator 操作者, 操纵者, 机械手binary二进位的, 二元的swarf金属屑rake angle前角rolling contact bearing滚动轴承sliding contact bearing滑动轴承angular contact bearing角接触轴承Read-only memory 只读存储器Hard automation刚性自动化Random access memory 随机存储Geometric modeling几何造型Engineering analysis工程分析Kinematics运动学Automatic drawing自动绘图numerical control数字控制factory Management工程管理Computer Numerical Control计算机数控Direct numerical control 直接数控User interface用户接口Knowledge base知识库（1）.cad，cam全称，功能Cad：Computer-aided design1. Geometric modeling 几何造型2. Engineering analysis 工程分析3. Kinematics运动学 4. Automated drafting 自动绘图Cam：computer-aided manufacturing1. Numerical control 数字控制2. Process planning 工艺加工过程 3. Robotics 机器人技术 4. Factory management 工厂管理（2）齿轮的种类：1.spur gear2.helical gear3.straight bevel（3）铸造工艺包括那几步：1. making molds2.preparing and melting the metal3. pouring the metal into the molds4. cleaning the castings.（4）列举几种常用的机械零部件：Gear key shafe screw bolt bearing（5）皮带传动是否精确为什么？not precise Belt depend on friction on the pulleys and some slippage is inherent in their operation.（6）道具磨损类型有哪些：1. Flank wear2. crater wear3.notch wear（7）钢的力学性能：(1) Strength 强度(in tension张力, compression压力, shear 剪切力and bending弯曲力) (2) Stiffness刚性(3)Ductility延展性(4) Impact strength 冲击强(5) Hardness硬度(6) Toughness韧性句子翻译1对于深沟球轴承沟槽的深度大约是球直径的1/4In deep-groove ball bearings, the races are approximately one fourth as deep as the ball diameter. 2.把金属件····焊接强度来决定There are a number of methods of joining metal articles together, depending on the type of metal and the strengthof the joint which is required.3.软钎焊·······的工艺Soldering is the process of joining two metals by a third metal to be applied in the molten state.4.力学性能是什么Mechanical properties are the characteristic responses of a material to applied forces.5.用于冷加工的机器叫做压力机The machine used for most cold-working operations is known as a press.6.切削刀具····The cutting tool must be made of an appropriate material; it must be strong, tough, hard, and wear resistant.7.铸造工艺···Foundry processes consist of making molds, preparing and melting the metal, pouring the metal into the molds, and cleaning the castings.。
机械英语试题及答案详解
机械英语试题及答案详解一、选择题1. The term "mechanical engineering" refers to the application of engineering principles to:A. Chemical processesB. Electrical systemsC. Design and manufacture of machinesD. Software development答案：C2. What is the primary function of a bearing in a mechanical system?A. To convert energyB. To reduce frictionC. To increase efficiencyD. To absorb heat答案：B3. The process of converting a rough workpiece into a finished part is known as:A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A二、填空题4. The formula for calculating the force exerted by a springis known as ________.答案：Hooke's Law5. In mechanical design, the term ________ refers to thestudy of the forces and moments acting on a body.答案：Statics6. The unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI) is ________.答案：Pascal (Pa)三、简答题7. Explain the difference between static and dynamic friction.答案：Static friction is the force that must be overcometo start moving an object at rest, while dynamic friction is the force that opposes the motion of an object that isalready moving.8. Describe the purpose of a gear in a mechanical system.答案：A gear is used to transmit motion and force from one part of a system to another, often changing the speed and/or direction of the motion.四、计算题9. A hydraulic press has a piston with an area of 0.02 m². If the pressure applied to the piston is 5 MPa, calculate the force exerted by the piston.答案：Force = P ressure × Area = 5 × 10⁶ Pa × 0.02 m²= 100,000 N10. A lever is balanced when the product of the effort force and its distance from the fulcrum is equal to the product of the load force and its distance from the fulcrum. If the effort force is 300 N and the load force is 1200 N, and the effort is applied 2 m from the fulcrum, calculate the distance from the fulcrum to the load.答案：Let the distance from the fulcrum to the load be\( x \). According to the principle of levers, \( 300 N\times 2 m = 1200 N \times x \). Solving for \( x \) gives\( x = \frac{300 N \times 2 m}{1200 N} = 0.5 m \).五、论述题11. Discuss the importance of mechanical vibrations in the context of machinery operation and maintenance.答案：Mechanical vibrations are crucial in machinery for several reasons. They can indicate the health of a machine, with abnormal vibrations often signaling a problem such as imbalance, misalignment, or wear. Monitoring vibrations can help in predictive maintenance, preventing breakdowns and extending the life of machinery.12. Explain the concept of stress concentration in mechanical components and its implications.答案：Stress concentration occurs in mechanical components where the stress is higher than the average stress due to geometrical discontinuities or material defects. This can lead to premature failure of the component under load, as the high-stress areas are more susceptible to fatigue and cracking. Designing to minimize stress concentrations and using materials with good fatigue resistance can mitigate these effects.。
2016-2017学年第2学期《英语》机电大专班期末试卷A
2016----2017学年第2学期期末考试《英语》试卷A（本试卷用于机电1601,1602,1603大专班）班级:_____________ 学号:______________姓名:_____________ 得分:______________一、根据汉语写出英文单词（国名写出全称，否则无效）（20分）1 英国2 交通3 博客4 下载5 疼痛6 闹钟7 轻轨 8 轻松9 滑雪 10 街舞二、单项选择题（20分）（）1. He thinks that the movie ____A、is worth watchingB、is worth lookingC、watch（）2. I’m feeling cold. Would you mind ____ the window?A、to closeB、close C、closing（）3. There are ____ people in the hall.A、thousand oB、thousandsof C、two thousands （）4. We should protect the whales, they are _____.A、in dangerB、introuble C、dangerous（）5. Please don’t leave the office until your friend _____ back.A、cameB、comes C、will come（）6. Listen! Someone _____ in the next room.A、criedB、crying C、is crying（）7. Even they want to ____ at the theatre, they’ll have to book tickets early.A、look at picturesB、watchTV C、see a show（）8. There _____ a desk and two chairs in the room.A、isB、are C、be（）9. Why not _____ in bed and have a good rest?A、to stayB、staying C、stay（）10.Spring Festival in China is ___ Christmas Day in Western countries.A、less important than Bas important as C，most important as（）11.Please show your card _____ me.A、toB、for C、with（）12.Don’t forget _____ your kite when you go for a picnic.A、bringB、tobring C、take（）13.It ___ like a good idea.A、soundsB、tastes C、looks（）14. I’m thirsty. Will you get me something ___?A、drinkB、todrink C、eat（）15. Summer comes _____ spring.A、beforeB、and C、after（）16. ___ Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.___. Ok. Let’s give him_____A、different somethingB、something differentC、anything different（）17. Taiwan is _____ island in China.A、largeB、thelargest C、much larger （）18. The first and most important thing to do on the first day of the Spring Festival is saying “______!” to elders in the families, relatives and friends.A、Happy birthdayB、Happy weekendC、Happy New Year（）19. But today _____ people are using new media to send their blessings.A、most and mostB、much and muchC、more and more（）20. The opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games stared_____ August 8th in the National Stadium in Beijing.A、atB、in C、for三、完形填空。
机工英语考试题库及答案
机工英语考试题库及答案一、单选题（每题2分，共40分）1. The machine is designed to operate at a speed of ________.A. 1000 rpmB. 1500 rpmC. 2000 rpmD. 2500 rpm答案：B2. The ________ of the engine is crucial for its performance.A. efficiencyB. capacityC. powerD. torque答案：A3. The ________ system is responsible for cooling the engine.A. lubricationB. exhaustC. coolingD. fuel答案：C4. The ________ is used to measure the temperature of the machine.A. thermometerB. ammeterC. voltmeterD. tachometer答案：A5. The ________ is a key component in the transmission system.A. clutchB. brakeC. gearD. belt答案：C6. The ________ is used to control the speed of the machine.A. governorB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A7. The ________ is responsible for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.A. generatorB. motorC. alternatorD. transformer答案：A8. The ________ is used to reduce the speed of the machine.A. pulleyB. leverC. gearD. belt答案：C9. The ________ is used to measure the pressure of the machine.A. manometerB. barometerC. voltmeterD. ammeter答案：A10. The ________ is a type of bearing that allows for rotation.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A11. The ________ is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine.A. carburetorB. injectorC. pumpD. filter答案：B12. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：A13. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：B14. The ________ is a type of joint that allows for limited movement.A. riveted jointB. welded jointC. bolted jointD. pinned joint答案：C15. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：C16. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：C17. The ________ is used to measure the electrical power in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：D18. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A19. The ________ is used to control the temperature of the machine.A. thermostatB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A20. The ________ is a type of valve that prevents backflow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）21. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft and reduces friction.答案：ball bearing22. The ________ is used to convert the linear motion of a piston into the rotational motion of a crankshaft.答案：crankshaft23. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc.答案：butterfly valve24. The ________ is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit.答案：voltmeter25. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a rolling element.答案：roller bearing26. The ________ is used to convert the rotational motion of a crankshaft into linear motion.答案：piston27. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by sliding a gate.答案：gate valve28. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.答案：ammeter29. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface and reduces friction.答案：plain bearing30. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.答案：ohmmeter三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）31. The governor is used to control the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：对32. The clutch is a key component in the transmission system. (对/错)答案：对33. The pulley is used to increase the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：错34. The ammeter is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对35. The generator is responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. (对/错)36. The carburetor is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine. (对/错)答案：对37. The thrust bearing is used to support a rotating shaft. (对/错)答案：错38. The voltmeter is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对39. The gate valve is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc. (对/错)答案：错40. The ohmmeter is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit. (对/错)四、简答题（每题10分，共20分）41. Explain the function of a thermostat in a machine.答案：A thermostat is a temperature control device that regulates the temperature of a machine by controlling the flow of coolant. It maintains the engine at an optimal operating temperature by opening or closing the cooling system's flow path as needed.42. Describe the purpose of a regulator in an electrical circuit.答案：A regulator in an electrical circuit is a device that maintains a constant voltage level by adjusting the output voltage to compensate for changes in load or input voltage. It ensures that the voltage supplied to the circuit remains stable and within the desired range, preventing damage to sensitive electronic components.。
(完整版)机械专业英语期末考试题及答案,推荐文档
机械专业英语期末考试题及答案一．词汇翻译画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith机螺纹thread电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing表面粗糙度surface roughness二．将下列短语译成汉语1.the fatigue loading（疲劳载荷）2.the radial loads（径向负荷）3.the thrust loads逆负荷4.the ball bearing球轴承5.the roller bearing滚子轴承6.the single-row bearings单沟轴承7.the double-row bearing双沟轴承8.the needle bearing滚针轴承9.the bearing life轴承寿命10.The rating life额定寿命11.the axis of rotation旋转轴12.The helix angle螺旋角13.a right-hand helix 右旋14.a left-hand helix左旋15.an involute helicoids螺旋面16.an involute curve渐开线17.the shaft centerlines轴中心线18.worm gear蜗轮19.the hypoid gear准双曲面齿轮20.right angle直角21.worm gearing蜗杆传动22.the lead angle导角23.shaft angle轴线角度24.bending load弯曲载荷25.tension load张力负荷pression load压缩负载27.torsional load扭转负荷28.the bending moment弯矩29.the bending stress弯曲应力30.30.four-bar linkage（四连杆机构）三．翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。
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机械专业英语期末考试题及答案一．词汇翻译画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith机螺纹thread电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing表面粗糙度surface roughness二．将下列短语译成汉语1.the fatigue loading（疲劳载荷）2.the radial loads（径向负荷）3.the thrust loads逆负荷4.the ball bearing球轴承5.the roller bearing滚子轴承6.the single-row bearings单沟轴承7.the double-row bearing双沟轴承8.the needle bearing滚针轴承9.the bearing life轴承寿命10.The rating life额定寿命11.the axis of rotation旋转轴12.The helix angle螺旋角13. a right-hand helix 右旋14. a left-hand helix左旋15.an involute helicoids螺旋面16.an involute curve渐开线17.the shaft centerlines轴中心线18.worm gear蜗轮19.the hypoid gear准双曲面齿轮20.right angle直角21.worm gearing蜗杆传动22.the lead angle导角23.shaft angle轴线角度24.bending load弯曲载荷25.tension load张力负荷pression load压缩负载27.torsional load扭转负荷28.the bending moment弯矩29.the bending stress弯曲应力30.30.four-bar linkage（四连杆机构）三．翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links(plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。
）2. Although the four-bar linkage and slider-crank mechanism are very useful and found inthousands of applications, we can see that these linkages have limited performance level.(虽然四杆机构和曲柄滑块机构是非常有用而且在成千上万的应用中都可找到。
但是我们还看到，这些连杆机构其性能水平的发挥已经受到限制。
)3. The process of drawing kinematic diagrams and determining degrees of freedom ofmechanisms are the first steps in both the kinematic analysis and synthesis process.（画运动图和确定机构自由度的过程，就是运动分析和综合过程的第一个阶段。
）4. The ability to visualize relative motion, to reason why a mechanism is designed the way itis, and the ability to improve on a particular design are marks of a successfulkinematician.（设想相对运动的能力，能推想出之所以这样设计一个机构的原因和对一个具体设计进行改进的能力是一个成功的机构学家的标志。
）5.Kinematic inversion is the process of fixing different links of a chain to create differentmechanisms.（这个过程的动态反演是固定的,不同的连接创造出不同的机制。
）四．翻译下列短文1.A kinematic chain is a system of links, that is, rigid bodies, which are either jointed together or are in contact with one another in a manner that permits them to move relativeto one another. If one of the links is fixed and the movement of any other link to a new position will cause each of the other links to move to definite predictable position, the system is a constrained kinematic chain. If one of the links is held fixed and the movementof any other link to a new position will not cause each of the other links to move to a definite predictable position, then the system is an unconstrained kinematic chain.（运动链是一个构件系统装置即若干个刚体，它们或者彼此铰接或者互相接触，方式上是允许它们彼此间产生相对运动。
如果构件中的某一构件被固定而使任何其他一个构件运动到新的位置将会引起其他各个构件也运动到确定的预期的位置上的话，该系统装置就是一个可约束的运动链。
如果构件中的某一构件仍保持固定而使任一运动到达一新的位置而不会使其他各个构件运动到一个确定的预期的位置上的话，则该系统装置是一个非约束运动链。
）2. A mechanism or linkage is a constrained kinematic chain, and is a mechanical devicethat has the purpose of transferring motion and/or force from a source to an output. Alinkage consists of links (or bars), generally considered rigid, which are connected by joints,such as pin (or revolute) or prismatic joints, to form open or closed chains (or loops). Such kinematic chains, with at least one link fixed, become (1) mechanisms if at least two otherlinks remain mobility, or (2) structures if no mobility remains. In other words, a mechanismpermits relative motion between its "rigid links"; a structure does not. Since linkages makesimple mechanisms and can be designed to perform complex tasks, such as nonlinearmotion and force transmission, they will receive much attention in mechanism study.（机构或连杆构件是一个可约束的传动链而且是一个从输入到输出以传递运动和（或）力为目的的机械装置。
连杆机构是由通常被认为是刚体构件或杆组成的，它们是以销轴铰接的，例如用柱销（圆形的）或棱柱体销轴铰接，以便成形开式或闭式（回环式）的运动链。
这样的运动链在至少有一个构件被固定的条件下：（1）如果至少有两个构件能保持运动，就变为机构，（2）如果没有一个构件能够运动，则就成为结构。
换句话说，机构是允许其“刚性构件”之间相对运动，而结构则不能。
由于连杆机构做成一简单机构而且能设定实现复杂的任务，例如非线性运动和力的传递运动。
它们在机构学研究中将受到更多的关注。
）。