2016届上海闵行区高三一模英语试题及答案

闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours.B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity. B. She expected more people at her party. C. She threw a surprise party for her friends. D. She enjoys entertaining little children.5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street. C. Make inquires elsewhere. D. Rent the $600 apartment.6. A. Sick.B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired.B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper. 8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist. B. He has been extremely busy recently. C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday. 9. A. He doesn ’t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. He isn’t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn’t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn’t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90’s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the nex t,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. Theclothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers’ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o’clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoo n on Alex’s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse a fter breakfast. Mike wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o’clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife’s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man’s best friend from a creature t hat behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats’. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University’s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “i n our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but t he terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55 the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. Th e problem isn’t in thesandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker’s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider wh at they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller’s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants’ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University ofMinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation(保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r’s conclusion was based on a study of the Af rican elephant’s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca’s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two style s most popular with the children I interviewed were ‘Platformers’ and ‘Beat-them-ups.’ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated (动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children’s cartoons where a character i s hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children’s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violen t and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger wh ich often expresses itself in aggressive ‘yells’ at the screen. It is not only the ‘Beat-them-up’ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their ‘lives’ and ‘die’ just before the end of the le vel is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words ‘Game over’ appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration a t being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggressionfelt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced wh en defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming ‘addictive’: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have ‘one last go’ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between ‘Platformers’and ‘Beat-Them-Ups’C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce v iolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America’s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don’t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers’ responding to the decline of the sales of gift cards accordingto the passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。

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2016年上海闵行区高三一模试卷

2016年上海闵行区高三一模试卷一阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成第1-6题（17分）说自己和说别人赵汀阳①去年以来，有些最具知名度的大导演或娱乐明星纷纷表达了这样的观点，认为文化没什么雅俗之分，甚至认为没有雅的范本，其实全都俗。

这是一个重要的信号。

如果说俗文化受众多，更为火爆，这不奇怪，但是如果俗文化成为主旋律之后，还要进一步彻底否定雅文化的存在，问题就有点大了。

有位西方著名学者比较关心中国，他对中国当下文化的“不健康．．．”感到吃惊，中国现在的艺术家和导演往往用很猥亵很脏的眼光去看人、看生活、看各种事物。

②现代社会有一个特征叫做平等，平等就要向某种标准对齐，古人说要见贤思齐，这是往更高更好的的事物看齐而形成的平等，比如说，优秀作品应该成为社会公共资源，让一切人有机会看到优秀作品，良好的教育不能被某些人霸占，应该是开放的、平等的，人人有机会得到优化的的平等，像现在这种向低看齐，向下看齐的平等是一种集体堕落的平等。

看来文化重建这个问题值得考虑。

③文化重建是个大问题，有两件事情值得关心，一是重新说自己，重建中国自己的思想和文化叙事，另一方面要去说别人，要面对世界，用中国思想去解释世界各种事情。

④说自己，中国自身的思想和文化重构，目前还是初步的，从目前的话语主流来说，还是用西方的观念看中国的多，这是替西方人看中国，不是中国自己独立思想，现在已经有一些中国学者开始创作新的中国观念，或者重构中国叙事，比如汪晖重新叙述的中国思想史，还有许多人的工作，诸如此类的努力，观点都可以商榷，但关键是要把事情做起来。

⑤说别人，也是很重要的事情。

目前，说自己不多，说别人就更少了。

按照西方人的想法说西方人的故事，这还是等于翻译。

问题是我们关于西方有什么自己的独立见解。

假如中国的事情用西方观点看，西方的事情乃至世界的事情也用西方观点看，那我们自己在做什么？最多就是西方观点的编译工作。

这也是一种文化工作，但显然不是文化重建工作。

上海市各区2016-2017年高三英语一模汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)--老师版(全部带答案精准校对)

IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are You Ready for Your Exam?So, it‘s the exam time again -- have you done the necessary work to get good marks? Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow(枕头) in the hope that knowledge will be magically absorbed into your brain as you sleep doesn‘t work. The best strategy is to space your practice out, rather than cram(死记硬背) it all together. It means hit the books early!In an article in the British newspaper The Guardian, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Sheffield, UK, advises: ―If you organi ze five hours of study into one hour a day, you‘ll remember more than if you study for five hours on one day.‖Don‘t rely on memory alone -- get pen and paper and start working. Students who can test themselves in advance will be better at getting back material from their memory and learn that material in the long run. John Dunlosky, Professor of Psychology at Kent State University in the US, sugge sts that ―you start by reading a textbook using your favourite highlighter(荧光笔) and favourite colours, but then you go back and make flashcards of all the critical concepts and instead of just rereading those, you basically try to test yourselves on them.‖Good revision should give you confidence, but if you are still anxious, there‘s no harm in indulging(放任) in a personal routine. In Japan, it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test. This is a warm bowl of rice topped with egg and a deep-fried pork cutlet. The name of the dish reminds people of the word ‗katsu‘, meaning ‗winning‘.For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their hair before sitting an exam because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their head. And in different parts of the world there are always those who swear by their ‗lucky underwear‘.The bottom line is that you need to study, sleep well on the eve of the test, eat a nutritious meal, drink plenty of water and believe that your efforts will pay off. Good luck in your exam!Keys:The best strategy to achieve good results in the exam is to study books early. According to experts, time management and self-testing in advance will also do you good. Furthermore,habitual psychological hint is helpful, too. Meanwhile, other factors such as necessary preparations, good sleep, nutritious diet and self-confidence can pay off your efforts as well. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Super Size MeFast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to eat three McDonald‘s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald‘s and every time an employee asked if he would like to ―super size‖ the meal, he had to agree. ―Super sizing‖ refers to the fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything.Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald‘s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and a great deal of salt and sugar in each meal—much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn‘t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in his body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg.Spurlock says ―I‘d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I‘m not going to ―super size‖. Maybe I‘m not going have any junk food at all. I‘m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we‘re eating and have a relationship with each other.‘‖ Food for thought indeed.Keys:Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made adocumentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald‘s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.We are surrounded by information telling us what‘s good for us and what isn‘t, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It‘s hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free‘ milk? Tofu or chicken? It‘s hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in thegarden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating.Keys:Food choices affect health and behavior.However, it‘s not easy to make healthy ones.Because confusing/contradictory food informationand misleading food labels are making shopping difficult/a challenge. Urban gardening is a good way to making healthy food choices.Urban gardening also have other benefits: getting fresh and cheap food, a way of exercise and learning food knowledge for children. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The advantages of social networkingWhy do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on am almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.Keep up-to-date,however,doesn‘t have to be restricted to fr iends and acquaintances(相识的人）.What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may not be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about their gigs(现场演唱会）or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists‘ work and to interact with their favourite artist.Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organise an event with your friends. Thanks to different settings people can organise their friends by different criteria(标准）. These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.Keys:Social networking sites benefit people in several different ways. Not only do they allow people to keep in close touch with friends old or new ,but they provide potential job opportunities and encourage online business promotion plus interaction.Moreover, they facilitate the organization of various events, connecting people with similar hobbies or preferences globally.(54words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are we born with a preference for certain kinds of faces? Or is it just something that people learn, without realizing it? To find out, psychologist Judith Langlois and her team at the University of Texas in Austin worked with young children and babies.The researchers showed each baby photos of two faces. One face was more attractive than the other. The scientists then recorded how long the infants looked at each face.Babies spent longer viewing the attractive faces than the unattractive ones. That meant they preferred the pretty faces. These findings suggest that people prefer pretty faces very early in life. However, it‘s still possible that we learn that preference. After all, Schein, who worked with Judith, points out, ―By the time we test infants, they already have experience with faces.‖That experience can make a difference. Research conducted at the University of Delaware found that babies‘ brains are better at processing faces from their own race. So infants quickly come to prefer these faces, Schein says.It‘s well-known in psychology that familiar things are more attractive, says Coren Apicella. She is a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. ―Perhaps average faces aremore attractive because they seem more familiar.‖Indeed, her research backs this up. Apicella and Little worked with two groups of young adults: British and Hadza. The Hadza are hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, a nation in East Africa. Apicella chose them for her experiment because they had not been exposed to Western culture and standards of beauty.She showed people from both groups two images and asked which was more attractive. One image was an average of five British faces or five Hadza faces. The other was an average of 20 British faces or 20 Hadza faces. People of both cultures preferred the face that was more average —that is, compiled from 20 faces instead of five. The British participants found both Hadza and British faces beautiful. The Hadza, in contrast, preferred only Hadza faces.―The Hadza have little experience with European faces and probably do not know what an average European face looks like,‖ Apicella concludes. ―If they don't know what it looks like, how can they prefer it?‖Her findings show how biology and the environment work together to shape our values. ―The prefere nce for average itself is biologically based,‖ Apicella says. But people must first experience other faces to learn what an average face should look like.Keys:Babies‘ preference to attractive faces indicates people begin to prefer pretty faces at an early age. Researches show average faces are more attractive because they are more familiar to people. Meanwhile, people‘s experience with faces matters a lot. The more people experience with certain faces, the more preference they will have to the average of these faces. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness, namely, temporary loneliness, situational loneliness, and chronic(长期的) loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation - for example a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems in socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person‘s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Keys:There are three types of Loneliness.Temporary loneliness disappears quickly and can be neglected. Situational loneliness is caused by the change of circumstance, which may lead to problems.Chronic Loneliness lasts the longest and is harmful. The victims often feel hopeless. Loneliness is usually caused when people need more social contacts than they have. (53 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity alter an injury or money loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates ourbrains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. But the complexity of music provokes (激发)the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies dueto complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release endorphin (内啡肽).Endorphins are the body‘s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother‘s womb. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Al present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, day cares and schools.Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstreamtreatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. Sonext time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.Keys:Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness. Because our brain can be stimulated by responding to music, different kinds of music have different effects. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to produce effects to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is regarded as an effective additional to treatment. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症)has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengershighlight the conflict betweenairlines‘ needs and basic passenger rights.Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro,an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disrupted by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.Many airlines have responded to the growing obesityby insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a ―fat tax‖). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn‘t charged anything extra.However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.―We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it viol ates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,‖ she says. ―The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.‖Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‗one-person, one-fare‘ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‗clinically obese‘ and who cannot fit into a single seat.Keys:With the increasing obesity, airline one-size-fits-all seats can‘t satisfy the needs of obese passengers. To solve the conflict between airlines‘ needs and passenger rights, many airlines ask overweight passengers to pay more to fly, because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled, including fat passengers, should be protected instead of being charged more. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy―We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,‖ said James Watson. Watson is a molecular(分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.Keys:Gene therapy, which prevents or cures disease by inserting healthy genes into defective cells rather than by means of surgery or medicine, is changing the treatment of disease revolutionarily. Though in the initial phases, gene therapy has been successful in treating both children and older patients with genetic disease. However, more research is called for to ensure its security. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would ―seriously consider‖ teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: ―I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.‖It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don‘t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here‘s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: ―I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.‖The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers‘ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in o ther professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.Keys:Secondary schools in UK experienced difficulties recruiting young teachers. The reasons are low salary and kid‘s bad behavior, which push talents to business occupations with twice income. Therefore, poorly behaved students need to obey stricter rules and parents need to discipline them at home. Also, government should increase teachers‘ income and promote a teaching campaign todisplay teaching‘s bright side. (60 words)/It is reported that many secondary schools in UK have trouble enrolling young teachers due to the low salary and the bad behavior of the youth in school. To change the situation, parents should be strict with the kids to back teachers up and the government are encouraged to improve teachers‘ income and publicize the positive image of teaching. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it‘s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you‘re ―hot‖. That‘s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: ―Get up, John! You‘ll be late for work again!‖ The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can‘t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you‘re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won‘t change your cycle, but you‘ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.Keys:Everyone has an energy cycle, which is individually different. When your body temperature reaches the peak, you‘ll feel most energetic. Though we can‘t change the cycle, we can form some habits to make our life fit better and avoid many conflicts with people. Additionally, getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save our energy. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Now another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expected to double within five years. It‘s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a ―blank‖ laptop in a few hours.Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but here are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they‘re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move towards e-books.Today‘s students have little trouble adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.―It‘s harder for people who are right around my age and older.‖ said Ms. Cooley, 36. ―I‘m。

上海市2016一模英语语法填空汇编_Word

闵行区2016学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试II. Grammar and Vocabulary(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers’ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started we ll, but just after eight o’c lock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex’s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mik e wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o’clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to g o into work and my wife’s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.II. Grammar and Vocabulary宝山( A )When thinking of boutiques (精品店), we often imagine jewelry and clothing shops that women frequent. But are there boutiques for men? Yes! Nestled (坐落于) in the Hualong Mountain area of Hsinchu County lies a men's boutique. That is (25) _____ Kevin Lo, sales manager at Musclecar GT, describes this company (26) _____ reproduces high-quality parts for classic cars. The average customers are 40-to 65-year-old men from around the world.Finding spare parts is (27) _____ (big) problem for collectors of classic cars. But this company can help collectors overcome this challenge because they deal with cars built from 1932 to 1974.Using reverse engineering, Musclecar GT builds a copy of each car. When making a car, they ask that the original car be shipped to them (28) ____ (check) and repaired. Afterward, they do a 3-D scan of the car to find missed flaws. Molds(模具) of the parts (29) _____ (develop), and necessary machinery for the production line is made. The edges of the machines are hand scanned so no faults will occur on the final product.Skilled workers are needed for the entire production process. Knowing that only older workers had the needed skills, owner Lo Hsiuhsien then (30) _____ (encourage) them to teach young people what they knew. These young employees, who are enthusiastic about cars, know that quality comes first.People can order furniture or decorations for their restaurants to give them a 1950s diner feeling. They can also have couches or tables in their houses made from classic car parts. Those interested in getting a feel for (31) _____ this is like can easily find it at Lo Sir Classic Car Manor near Bei Pu. Visitors can stop by (32) _____ a cup of coffee or lunch and view some of the classic cars.( B )The most common mistakes (33) _____ (lead) to a bad back are poor body mechanics and unhealthy habits. How you move objects, your posture, not stretching before exercising and the wrong kind of shoes all contribute to one of the most common medical problems today. Back pain affects eight out of 10 people in their lifetime, according to the National Institutes of Health.Dr. Douglas Won, founder and director of Minimally Invasive SpineCARE and Star Medical Center in Plano, Texas, offers some tips to improve back health:First, maintain proper body mechanics:●Stretch (34) _____ exercising or doing any tough activity. Push heavy objects across thefloor instead of pulling or lifting them.●(35) _____ lifting is necessary, lift with your knees, not your back.●Avoid sudden movements and "twisting" motions when carrying objects--even a bag ofgroceries can do serious harm when (36) _____ (handle) improperly.●Maintain good posture as often as possible. When standing, your weight (37) _____ bebalanced smoothly and regularly on both feet to avoid injuring your muscles and joints.●Wear proper shoes. High-heeled shoes are common criminals, but even tennis shoes canbe (38) _____ problem if they don't provide you with proper support.Next, adopt healthy habits:●Exercise regularly: The best programs for back health include basic (39) _____(strengthen) and cardiovascular (心血管的) exercises.●Reduce stress: When stressed, the body tightens (40) _____ muscles. This can result inspasms (痉挛), "muscle twists" and stressed nerves that are painful and can lead to more serious problems.II. Grammar and vocabulary青浦(A)250 Drive-Thru（汽车穿梭）Customers Pay It Forward at McDonald’s In Florida, one McDonald’s customer started a pay-it-forward chain that inspired other 249 customers to be generous and do the same. ABC News reports that (25)__________ spirit of giving is in the air as 250 drive-thru customers at a local McDonald’s paid for the meals of the people next to them. A Lakeland customer, Torie Keene (26)__________ (pay) for her food on Wednesday morning when she decided to pay for the meal of the car next to her.Keene then purposely told McDonald’s cashier Marisabel Figueroa (27)__________ (greet) the other customer “Merry Christmas” and not “Happy Holidays.” The next customer was moved when Figueroa said her food was already paid by the previous car. That’s whe n she thought that she would love to do the same.It kept going and going. Figueroa, (28)__________ worked from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Wednesday, said that the chain reaction almost lasted for her entire shift. “I just kept (29)__________(give) everyone the same message, and they were all so surprised and so happy,” she continued. “One lady even paid for the meals of the next three cars (30)__________ her.”While people were amazed by how generous they could get, Figueroa said she had the (31)__________ (unforgettable) Christmas experience in her 12 years of working for McDonald’s. “I feel very (32)__________ (bless) to have been a part of all that,” the cashier said. And Keene said that she was surprised by the number of people who continued her good deed whe n she was “only trying to brighten someone’s day.”(B)It was Wayne’s wedding day.Mrs. Ker (33)__________（relieve）finally. Wayne wanted to cancel the wedding again couple of days ago. She kept asking him (34)__________ and then she was told that he heard Susan’s name.Mrs. Ker said to Wayne in a serious tone, “You were both young then. You didn’t know anythi ng about love! What’s going to happen (35)__________ __________ she has come back? She might have lots of children now! How can you still be dreaming about dating her? She has disappeared for such a long time. Don’t you see (36)__________ a cruel girl she is?”Under his parent’s pressure, Wayne couldn’t cancel the wedding. Before the ceremony, he kept reminding himself of his bride’s name. He was afraid he (37)__________ say Susan’s name. He said to himself that he needed to give his parents, his bride a perfect wedding.When he was kissing his bride, he thought to himself, “How nice it could be if my bride is Susan!”But (38)__________ could go back any more.Their relationship ended 15 years ago.His pain was only a recall of yesterday.Mrs. Ker nodded her head at her son at the wedding, (39)__________ (feel) satisfied. She checked around among the guests. Suddenly, she saw a boy holding a bouquet in the hall. Everybody was sitting but him, (40)__________ he looked pretty outstanding.She was really shocked when she saw the boy. She gave her husband a slight push, “Baldwin, look at that boy!”Mr. Ker followed her direction and saw the boy too.“Doesn’t he look a younger version of our son?” Mrs. Ker said in a curious voice.Mr. Ker nodded.(To be continued)II. Grammar and Vocabulary 普陀(A)Different forms of hospitality (好客)I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, (25) ______ (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. What I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time.I often found (26) _______ surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was (27) ______ the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get (28) ______ (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market (29) ________ (bring) back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products.I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Most of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, (30) ______ they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. (31) ______ a household was expecting guest, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, (32) ______ were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household (33) ______ provide in the circumstances.(B)How English family life has evolved since the eighteenth century The majority of English families of the pre-industrial age, roughly until the mid-eighteen century, lived in a rural location. Many of them owned or had the use of a small piece of land, and actually all family members were busy with agricultural work in one form or another, usually (34) _______ (grow) food for their own consumption and sometimes also producing food or other goods for sale.The labour was controlled by the husband, (35) ______ _____ his wife and children, too, had an economic value as their contributions to the family income were likely to make the difference between starvation and survival.Children worked from an early age, girls helping their mothers, and boys their fathers. School was an occasional factor in their lives. Instead, children learned by doing (36) _______ their parents showed them. Knowledge of caring (37) ______ animals, sewing was handed down from parent to child.Also, most people engaged in handicraft production in the home, and the family (38) ______ (pay) to work with cloth, wood or leather. In general, this work could be put aside and taken up again when there was a break such as agricultural work.The process of industrialization in the second half of the eighteenth century and during the nineteenth transformed life for the majority of the population. It was the use of steam to power machinery (39) ______ required large buildings, and it resulted in the construction of numerous factories in many towns and cities. These in turn (40) _______（encourage）migration from the countryside in search of work. If electricity had preceded steam, domestic industry might have survived more fully.II. Grammar and Vocabulary 松江Section A（16分）(A)The hard lives of aging migrant workers have come to national attention lately. The media have reported that many migrant workers over the age of 50 say they want to save as much money as their body allows them (25) ______ (continue) earning. They have no pensions, which (26) ______ (enjoy) by urban workers, and many are still the chief earners of their families. They keep up their energy by (27) ______ (eat) more meat, and conceal their age by dying their hair.Commentator Cheng Zhenwei writes on that while the physical well-being of these migrant workers is worrisome, (28) ______ conditions of their families and their children are a bigger concern. Many of the migrant workers’ children are also poor, and have little means to support their parents.Worse still, (29) ______ they often don’t have are the stomach and will for hard work and also the lack of education or skills to find better-paying jobs. (30) ______ (face) with their own difficult economic situation, these migrant workers are short of hope and prospect of inherited poverty on the part of their children, (31) ______ is the worst thing for them, according to Cheng.(B)We all know that regular physi cal exercise is good for a girl’s body, mind, and spirit. Rec ently, the Women’s Sports Foundation (32) ______ (discover) that sports offer some extra benefits for girls (33) ______ ______ ______ having fun and getting fit.Here are a few:Girls who play sports do better in school. It is believed (34) ______ athletics will take up all their study time. But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school and are (35) ______ (likely) to graduate than those who don’t. Exercise improves learning, memory, and concentration, which can give active girls an advantage when it comes to the classroom.Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills. It is by working with coaches and teammates to win games and meet goals (36) ______ they get great practice for success later in life. Being a team player can make it easier to work with others and solve problems, (37) ______ it is on the field or in the workplace.Sports have hidden health benefits. Girls who play sports are less likely to smoke and have a reduced chance of getting breast cancer later in life. Sure, they (38) ______ get these benefits from any type of exercise. But if they have trouble getting to the gym, there may be more incentive (激励) to show up and play if they know their coaches or teammates depend on them.Playing sports builds self-confidence. Girls involved in athletics feel better about (39) ______, both physically and socially. It helps to build confidence when they see their skills improving and their goals (40) ______ (become) reality.II. Grammar and Vocabulary崇明(A)Fable of the HedgehogIt was the coldest winter ever. Many animals died (25)_____ cold was the biggest enemy for the animals living in the forest. Many animals tried their best to get warm.The hedgehogs(刺猬), (26)_____(realize) the situation, decided to group together to keep warm. This way they covered and protected themselves; but they forgot one important fact (27)_____ when they got together to warm each other, the quills(刚毛) of each one wounded their closest companions.After a while, they began to bleed, and they (28)_____ no longer bear the pain. They had no other good ideas, so they decided to distance (29)_____ one from the other. Under the cold circumstance, they began to die, alone and frozen. Day after day, more and more hedgehogs died in this cold winter. So they had to make (30)_____ choice: either accept the quills of their companions or disappear from the Earth.Wisely, they decided to go back to being together. They learned to live with the little wounds (31)_____ (cause) by the close relationship with their companions to receive the heat that came from the others. This way they were able to survive.The best relationship is not the one that brings together perfect people, but when each individual learns to live with the imperfections of others and can admire other people’s good qualities.(B)Facebook’s Safety Check Lets Users Know about Friends after Paris Terror Attacks Facebook managed to pu t its vast number of user data to good use after Friday’s tragic terror attacks in Paris: the social network customized(定制) its safety check feature to let users know (32)_____ their friends and loved ones in Paris are safe.Users in the area (33)_____(alert) by Facebook’s mobile apps, asking them about their safety, and offering to check on any of their friends. The app also sends out alerts to anyone who has friends in Paris, (34)_____ Facebook’s website lets anyone check on the status and whereabouts(行踪) of their friends as well.It is probably the first time that most people (35)_____(see) Facebook’s safety check today, but the company actually launched it in response to the Nepal earthquake (36)_____ (early) this year. At the time, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wrote: “When disasters happen, people need (37)_____ (know) their loved ones are safe. At moments like this, (38)_____(be) able to connect really matters.”Facebook wasn’t the only technology company to reach out directly to its users in Paris after the terror attacks. AirBnB sent its customers in Paris an email (39)_____ advised them to stay in place and follow the directions from local authorities. Paris-based Twitter users took initiative into their own hands and quickly established a tag —#PorteOuverte, which translates to “open door”— to open up their homes (40)_____ temporary shelters to others caught up in the attacks.。

上海闵行一模英语试卷

2016年上海闵行一模英语试卷-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Grammar and vocabulary:1.Which of the following underlined parts is different?A.Detective Ken told us about a case he dealt with recently.B.When you feel upset , take a deep breath and it will help.C.It is important for everyone to have a good breakfastD.The ma n left clear footprints in the wet sand2.He was angry _____ himself for having made such a foolish mistake.A. onB. withC. atD. by3. His knowledge of English and western cultures ______ a great help to him in his work.A. isB. areC. heD. am4. This dress is a bit dirty, would you please change ____ one for meA. othersB. the otherC. the othersD. another5. Using different memorizing methods can enable you to remember things _____A. wiseB. correctC. easilyD. faithfully6. The emoji of “Face with tears of joy” has become_____ among the Internet users all over theworld.A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular7. You _____ talk to your mother in such an impolite way. You’d better say sorry to her.A. mustn’tB. canC. shouldD. needn’t8. Bill looked ______ to see Cassie and his mother standing by the front door of his house.A. happilyB. confidentC. surprisedD. angrily9. Let’s just imagine______ on Mars in the near future. Isn’t it amazing?A. to liveB. livesC. l ivingD. lives10. The young an refused _____ stealing the valuable necklace from the safe.A. admitB. to admitC. admittingD. admitted11. It was believed that the TV series Legend of Miyue ______ millions of people soon.A. attractedB. has attractedC. will attractD. would attract12. Mr and Mrs Williams ____ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from JapanA. had workedB. have workedC. workD. are working13. Black tea______ in China during the Ming Dynasty as a way to keep tea freshA. inventedB. was inventedC. is inventedD. is inventing14. I know nothing of the murder case _____ I read the newspaper report last nightA. whenB. becauseC. untilD. since15. Take a careful look at the two pictures, _____ you’ll find several differen ces between themA. soB. a ndC. orD. but16. The old man rarely remembers what has happened,_______A.does heB. doesn’t heC. has heD. hasn’t he17. _____ necessary it is to give pilots the best possible training !A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How18.At the beginning of the interview, Sue was ____ nervous that she could hardly keep stillA. veryB. tooC. soD. much19. –Thank you so much for the wonderful party. I really had a great time/-____A. You are kindB.I’m glad you liked itC. I doesn’t matterD. That’s right20. --I missed the this morning because of the traffic jam--____A. What a pity !B. Don’t worryC. Of course notD. Watch out..B.Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many different countries．Have alook in your fridge, cupboard, and fruit bowl and check the origins(来源) of the food．Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from EgyptYou will probably be surprised how_____food travels to get to your plate．This journey, from “field to plate”, is called“food miles”．A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer’s field to the person who buys the f ood．Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer(消费者)．Why is this,and what are the effects(影响) of these long distances?Traditionally, farmers sold their food in the local market so the food didn’t have to travel very far．The consumers also did not travel very far, because they went to their local market to buy the food．This was a good system for farmers and consumers．However, there were some ______．For example, consumers could onlybuy food that farmers produced locally．In addition, they could only get food that was in season．Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．They are______in winter if we want．Some countries have to import(进口) most of their food．This is because they have difficult climates．The United Arab Emirates(UAE), for example, gets 85% of its food from other countries．______food made in the UAE often uses imported materials．What’s wrong with“food miles” Is this not a good way of increasing international trade I believe these miles are ______for a number of reasons．First of all, because food travels such long distances．we need more planes, lorries, and ships to move the food．This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and more global(全球的) warming．______, food thattravels a long way is not fresh and usually not very tasty．Tomatoes, for example, are picked early and stored for their long journey．For this reason, they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumer．Local food has a better taste, a nd it also reduces the amountof global pollution．We need to buy more local food.1.A.early B. interesting C. far D. accurate2.A. disadvantage B. results C. methods D .links3.A.delicious B.dramatic C. colourful D.available4.A.Yet B.Even C.Still D.Again5.A.worrying B. Affecting C. Encouraging D.changing6.A.For the time being B.on average C.In addition D.In returnC.My father will always live in my heart though he passed away many years ago.My earliestm_________of dad is grabbing his hand while we walked together.As I grew older,Iremember my father and I listening to basketball games on the radio.I always fell asleep before the game was over.When I woke up in the morning,the score sheet with ther________score on it would be lying next to me.I’11 always remember that.On cold mornings my father would bring his bread truck by the house.I used to ride on the floor of that bread truck as he delivered(分送)the bread to the stores.The smell and the warmth from the bread made my mouth water and kept me warm.I’11 always remember that.My father would be present at all my games.One night before an important game my father looked at me s_______ told me that he wouldn’t be able to watch the game because he had to deliver the bread and it was a three-hour drive.The next day as the game drew near I thought about my dad.I happened to look across the field and surprisingly saw his bread truck pulling into the stadium.He m_______to make the game.I’11 always remember that.Years later I had become a teacher.I’11 never forget the v______on the phone early one morning telling me dad had just been killed in a traffic accident.I could hear my heart beat in my ears.I hung up the phone and went back to my bedroom.After that nothing really mattered to me.I still taught in school but I couldn’t centre attention on my teaching.One day I was on the playground when a little boy walked up to me and grabbed my hand.His hand heldm_______the same way I used to hold my father’s by the last two fingers.At that moment I found my purpose in life again.You see even though my father was gone,he left s_________ with me,his smile,compassion and touch.My purpose was to use those gifts as he did.From that day on I started.I’11 always remember that!D.Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them sat side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning,however, their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a note under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all nice people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Late r that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their neighbors and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and visit everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a party instead Dario asked.They both loved the idea. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts for their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.Finally, the day of the party arrived. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to share. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, gave Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I was afraid that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we should apologize to you.” she said. “I didn’t realize how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such loud music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be happy to play them in the evening.”“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to practicing the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s f ace. It gave him a feeling of warmth and made him feel that they were home at last.1.How was the jazz music Dario and his mother played one night_____________________________________________________________________ ____________2.Did Dario and his mother visit their neighbors or write a letter to their neighbors? _____________________________________________________________________ ____________3.What did Dario and his mother do to their neighbor later?_____________________________________________________________________ ____________4.Who wrote a short note to Dario and his mother?_____________________________________________________________________ ____________5.Why did Mrs Gillbert send them a book of piano music by Chopin?_____________________________________________________________________ ____________6.What can you learn from the story Please give a proper tittle to the passage .(In less than six words)_____________________________________________________________________ ____________WritingSuppose you are Linda, a student of Grade School .You see some of the schoolmates waste food in the school canteen every day. Write an open letter to them and offer some good suggestions on saving food.(假设你是琳达，花园学校的一名学生，你发现每天同学们在学校食堂有浪费粮食的现象，因此你给同学们写一封公开信，倡议大家节约粮食，抵制浪费，并就此现象提出一些自己的建议。

2016上海高考英语一模翻译汇总(附答案,共17套)

2. 许多老师通过在微信上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。(keep)
3. 虽然他很快恢复了健康，医生还是建议他不要熬夜太晚。(despite)
4. 这家公司不仅为他提供丰厚的薪水，而且给了他许多施展才华的机会。(Not)
5. 在给女儿的信中，扎克伯格(Zuckerberg)宣布他和他的妻子将把99%的ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ司股份捐给公益
!（what)
5.课间做作业不仅对健康不利并且还会降低学习效率，所以我们应该去操场上走走放松身
!!!!!心。（harmful) !Eleven【闸北区】
1. 吃鱼有助于提高记忆力还能提供能量。 (improve)
2. 不管多累，她每天都会抽出一些时间与女儿一起阅读。(no matter)
3. Jack 的父母发现了他的音乐天赋后，想尽办法将他送入一所享有盛誉的音乐学院学
! ! !
! !Four【长宁区】 !1. 今年除夕你计划在哪里过？（plan） !2. 下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。（than） !3. 是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。（It） !4. 那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。（No sooner） !!!!!5. 无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。（Whoever） !Five【徐汇区】
!!!!turns a deaf ear to our advice that he should have a diet. !Three【浦东新区】
1. Have you developed a /the habit of listening to the English news every day? 2. I think it (is) necessary for us to discuss this problem with our parents before we make a final decision. 3. Because he was ignorant of the software developed by the company, he finally failed in the interview/failed to pass the interview. 4. So successful was the exhibition of the photos that a month later John quit (quitted) his job/ resigned and became a professional photographer, realizing his dream/making his dream come true. 5.Different from the previous meetings/conferences, there are not any/no obvious differences/ disagreements among/between the countries at this meeting/conference, and a new agreement is

2016闵行一模英语

2016闵行一模Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and GrammarII. Choose the best answer (20’)26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A) Detective Ken told us about a case he dealt with recently.B) When you feel upset, take a deep breath and it will help.C) It is important for everyone to have a good breakfast.D) The man left clear footprints in the wet sand.27.He was angry himself for having made such a foolish mistake.A) on B) with C) at D) by28.His knowledge of English and western cultures a great help to him in his work.A) is B) are C) be D) am29.This dress is a bit dirty, would you please change one for me?A) others B) the other C) the others D) anothering different memorizing methods can enable you to remember things .A) wise B) correct C) easily D) faithfully31.The emoji（表情符号）of ”Face with tears of joy” has become among the Internet users all overthe world.A) popular B) more popular C) most popular D) the most popular32.You talk to your mother in such an impolite way. You’d better say sorry to her.A) mustn’t B) can C) should D) needn’t33.Bill looked to see Cassie and his mother standing by the front door of his house.A) happily B) confident C) surprised D) angrily34.Let’s just imagine on Mars in the near future. Isn’t it amazing?A) to live B) lives C) living D) lives35.The young man refused stealing the valuable necklace from the safe.A) admits B) to admit C) admitting D) admitted36.It was believed that the TV series Legend of Miyue millions of people soon.A) attracted B) has attracted C) will attract D) would attract37.Mr and Mrs Williams in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from Japan.A) had worked B) have worked C) work D) are working38.Black tea in China during the Ming Dynasty as a way to keep tea fresh.A) invented B) was invented C) is invented D) is inventing39.I knew nothing of the murder case I red the newspaper report last night.A) when B) because C) until D) since40.Take a careful look at the two pictures, you’ll find several differences between them.A) so B) and C) or D) but41.The old man rarely remembers what has happened, ?A) does he B) doesn’t he C) has he D) hasn’t he42.necessary it is to give pilots the best possible training!A) What B) What a C) What an D) How43.At the beginning of the interview, Sue was nervous that she could hardly keep still.A) very B) too C) so D) much44.--Thank you so much for the wonderful party. I really had a great time.--A) You are kind. B) I’m glad you like it.C) It doesn’t matter.D) That’s right.45.--I missed the lecture this morning because of the traffic jam.--A) What a pity! B) Don’t worry.C) Of course not. D) Watch out.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (8’)There are laws and rules all over the world to protect animals. In the U.K., there is the Animal Welfare Act (《动物福利法》). It makes it a crime not only to be cruel to an animal, but to neglect an animal’s welfare needs 46 . The Act says, for example, one needs to be at least sixteen if he wants to purchase an animal. A suitable home and dict should be provided to a pet. What’s more, apet owner is 47 to protect his animal from pain, injury, suffering or disease.Today animal rights laws are on the books across the world, and some people are trying their best to protect animal rights. Whether you are a pet owner or just an animal lover, there are 48 ways that you can protect animal rights, such as taking good care of your pets and stopping other people from 49 animals.Little Christopher was a boy of six. One day when the boy saw two strangers at his door, his first 50 was that they were salesmen. But moments later, he heard glass breaking. And what little Christopher did next helped the police to catch the two thieves. Christopher hid under his brother’s bed and called 911. He told the police that thieves had 51 his home. He stayed on the phone, giving them information. The police were soon on the way to his home. As the police officers arrived, the two thieves tried to 52 through the back entrance. After a chase, the police caught them.Later one officer said,”When the thieves went upstairs, Chr istopher kept silent, knowing he could be found at any moment. Christopher did an excellent job. He kept calm and 53 the polic e while keeping himself from danger. Good job, Christopher!”IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (8’)54.The hunter prepared three thick for himself before setting off. (sandwich)55.She has bought a new flat in this building and it’s on the floor. (eight)56.Children should be taught to look after on their own when they are young. (they)57.A bank happened in California yesterday and the police are dealing with it. (rob)58.Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female scientist, won a 2015 Nobel Prize for Chinese medicine.(tradition)59.As you know, we are going to change jobs and live in Beijing soon. (probable)60.The young lady used to on her relatives to take care of her child. (independent)61.The boy was because he was a new comer and had no friends here. (happily)V. Rewrite the following s entences as required (14’)62.Some students in our school have lunch at the dining hall. （改为否定句）Some students in our school at the dining hall.63.Mr Brown works as a volunteer in a children’s hospital every weekend. （划线部分提问）does Mr Brown work as a volun teer in a children’s hospital?64.Brush your teeth regularly, or you will get toothache sooner or later. （保持句意不变）You will get toothache sooner or later you your teeth regularly.65.The telephone rang and Jerry answered it immediately. （保持句意不变）The telephone rang and Jerry answered it .66.Young people can learn how they respect living things by keeping pets. （改为简单句）Young people can learn respect living things by keeping pets.67.“Can you be kind enough to help me out?” Jane asked Peter. （改为宾语从句）Jane asked Peter he be kind enough to help her out.68.The city of Troy, the Greeks, capturing, through, succeeded in, in one night, a trick （连词成句）.Part 3 Reading and WritingVI. Reading comprehension (50’)A.Choose the best answer (12’)As an international city, Shanghai is always full of entertainment and surprise. This March is a nice month in Shanghai. There’s a lot to do. Here are the highlights.Live Music-late Night JazzEnjoy real American jazz from Herbic Davis, the famous trumpet player. He’scoming with his new 7-piece band, Herbic’s Heroes. Herbic is known to play wellinto the early hours, so don’t expect to get much sleep. This is herbic’s third visit toShanghai. The first two were sold out, so get your tickets quickly.Scottish dancingTake your partners and get ready to dance till you drop. Scottish dancing is funand easy to learn. Instructors （教员）will demonstrate （示范）the dances. The liveband, Gordon Stroppie and the Weegrees, are also excellent.Exhibitions-Shanghai MuseumThere are 120,000 pieces on show here. You can see the whole of Chinese historyunder one roof. It’s always interesting to visit, but doubly so at the moment with theEgyptian Tombs exhibition. There are lots of mummies （木乃伊）and more gold thanyou ever seen before. Let us know if you see a mummy move!Dining-Sushi chef in townSushi is getting really big in Shanghai. In Japan, it’s become an art form. The mostfamous Sushi “artist” is Yuki Kamura. She’s also one of the few female chefs in Japan. She’ll be at Shanghai all of this month.69. To book tickets for the activity at 8:00 a.m. on Monday, you may call .A) 6466-8736 B) 6402-1877 C) 6888-6888 D) 6690-3211 70. If you are interested in ancient cultures, you may go to .A) The Jazz Club B) Jack Stein’s C) Shanghai Museum D) Shanghai Hotel71. In Paragraph One, the underline word “highlight ” means .A) wonderful theatresB) amazing eventsC) delicious meats D) enjoyable performances72.From the text we may learn that Kamura is .A) a cook B) a waitress C) an instructor D) a dancer73.Which of the following is TRUE according to passage?A) Scottish dancing is interesting but difficult to learn.B) It is more interesting now to visit Shanghai Museum for the exhibits from Egypt.C) Sushi is not popular in Shanghai as it is a kind of Japanese local food.D) The performance given by the American jazz band will last month.74.We may read the in a magazine or a newspaper.A) fables B) diaries C) stories D) advertisementsB.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (12’)Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many different countries. Have a look in your fridge, cupboard, and fruit bowl and check the origins(来源) of the food. Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from Egypt? You may be amazed how 75 food travels to get to your plate. This journey, from “field to plate”, is called “food miles”. A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer’s field to the person who buys the food. Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer(消费者). Why is this, and what are the effects(影响) of these long distances?In the past, farmers sold their food in the local market so the food didn’t have to travel very far. The consumers also did not travel very far, because they went to their local market to buy the food. This was a good system for farmers and consumers. However, there were some 76 . For example, consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally. In addition, they could only get food that was in season. Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world. We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes. They are 77 in winter if we want.Some countries have to import(进口) most of their food. This is because they have difficult climates．The United Arab Emirates(UAE), for example, gets 85% of its food from other countries.78 food made in the UAE often uses imported materials.What’s wrong with “food miles”? Is this not a go od way of increasing international trade? Ibelieve these “food miles” are 79 people for a number of reasons. First of all, because food travels such long distances. We need more planes, lorries, and ships to move the food. This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and more global(全球的) warming. 80 , food that travels a long way is not fresh and usually not very tasty. Tomatoes, for example, are picked early and stored for their long journey. For this reason, they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumer. Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. We need to buy more local food.75.A) curly B) interesting C) far D) accurate76.A) disadvantages B) result C) methods D) links77.A) delicious B) dramatic C) colourful D) available78.A) Yet B) Even C) Still D) Again79.A) worrying B) affecting C) encouraging D) changing80.A) For the time being B) On average C) In addition D) In returnC.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (14’)My father will always live in my heart though he passed away many years ago.My earliest m__81__of dad is grabbing his hand while we walked together.As I grew older,I remember my father and I listening to basketball games on the radio.I always fell asleep before the game was over.When I woke up in the morning,the score sheet with the r__82__score on it would be lying next to me.I’11 always remember that.On cold mornings my father would bring his bread truck by the house.I used to ride on the floor of that bread truck as he delivered(分送)the bread to the stores.The smell and the warmth from the bread made my mouth water and kept me warm.I’11 always remember that.My father would be present at all my games.One night before an important game my father looked at me s__83__ told me that he wouldn’t be able to watch the game because he had to deliver the bread and it was a three-hour drive.The next day as the game drew near I thought about my dad.I happened to look across the field and surprisingly saw his bread truck pulling into the stadium.He m__84__to make the game.I’11 always remember that.Years later I had become a teacher.I’11 never forget the v__85__on the phone early one morning telling me dad had just been killed in a traffic accident.I could hear my heart beat in myears.I hung up the phone and went back to my bedroom.After that nothing really mattered to me.I still taught in school but I couldn’t centre attention on my teaching.One day I was on the playground when a little boy walked up to me and grabbed my hand.His hand held m__86__the same way I used to hold my father’s by the last two fingers.At that moment I found my purpose in life again.You see even though my father was gone,he left s__87__ with me,his smile,compassion and touch.My purpose was to use those gifts as he did.From that day on I started.I’11 always remember that!D.Answer the questions (12’)Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them sat side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning,however, their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a note under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all nice people and he couldn’t imagine a ny of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their neighbors and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and visit everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a party instead? Dario asked.They both loved the idea. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts for their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.In the end, the day of the party arrived. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to share. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, gave Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I was afraid that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we should apologize to you.” she said. “I didn’t realize how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them.“These songs are not such loud music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be happy to play them in the evening.”“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to practicing the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of warmth and made him feel that they were home at last.88.How was the jazz music Dario and his mother played one night?89.Did Dario and his mother visit their neighbors or write a letter to their neighbors?90.What did Dario and his mother do to their neighbors later?91.Who wrote a short note to Dario and his mother?92.Why did Mrs Gilbert send them a book of piano music by Chopin?93.What can you learn from the story? Please give a proper title to the passage. ( In less than sixwords)VII. Writing (20’)94.Write an open letter of at least 60 words according to the given situation.Suppose you are Linda, a student of Garden School. You see some of the schoolmates waste food in the school canteen every day. Write an open letter to them and offer some good suggestions on saving food.。

上海市闵行区2016届高三第二学期质量调研考试英语试题(含答案)

闵行区2015学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意： 1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a post office. B. At a garage. C. At a newspaper office. D. At a publishing house. 2. A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. D. $100. 3. A. She’s unwilling to do it. B. She is afraid of donating blood. C. Donating blood is none of her business. D. She’s ready to donate blood. 4. A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist. C. An electrician. D. A bank clerk. 5. A. Boring. B. Horrible. C. Moving. D. Sad. 6. A. Lending money to a student. B. Working in the office. C. Reading a student ’s application. D. Asking for some financial aid. 7. A. The invention of the steam engine. B. The application of the steam engine. C. The history textbook. D. Watt ’s life. 8. A. He has not adjusted to the new culture. B. He has been studying hard at night. C. He finds biology difficult to learn. D. He is not accustomed to the time in a different zone. 9. A. She thinks that Bill Gates is a successful person not just because he is rich. B. She believes that it ’s impossible for Bill Gates to be rich and kind as well.…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. She doesn’t want to be a person like Bill Gates.D. She regards wealth as the most important part in Bill Gate’s success.10. A. Mark made some trouble with Bobby.B. Bobby was a trouble-maker at school.C. Mr. Allen was Bobby’s class teacher.D. Mark was Bobby’s elder brother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Acceptable. B. Unsatisfactory.C. Tolerable.D. Adequate.12. A. One semester. B. 20 days.C. Three months.D. Nine weeks.13. A. Enlarging the space and extending the evening hours.B. Increasing the teaching staff and lengthening the operation hours.C. Cutting on waiting time and increasing work efficiency.D. Enlarging children’s play area and offering parents flexible pick-up time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To involve people in community service.C. To encourage people to read and share.D. To promote the friendship between cities.15. A. Because they came from many different backgrounds.B. Because they were too busy to read a book.C. Because they had little interest in reading.D. Because they lacked support from the local government.16. A. The careful selection of a proper book.B. The number of people who benefit from the process.C. The growing popularity of the writers.D. The number of books that each person reads.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for fifty years, (25)________ (wheel) to the Park.Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans (嘟囔声) when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman (26)________ had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.Then Ms. Yates started to speak:“I can’t tell you (27)________ pleased I am to be here. I haven’t seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies.I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. (28)________ I haven’t appeared inperson, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth of your children, in my imagination.”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued:“It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and (29)________ would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your (30)________ (choose) path.”“There is no (31)________ (great) comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar. Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame (32)________ ________ the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.(B)Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is going to experience (33)________ unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that (34)________ the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS (全球定位系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine (35)________ (start).In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, (36)________ their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed (发射) out by the ignition (点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this (37)________ (help) achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key the ft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with a (38)________ (track) system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operation centre (39)_______ it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner (40)________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS uni t.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is usually a common practice that journal websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information. However, America’s most popular newspaper website announced that the e ra of free online journalism is drawing to a 41 . The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 42 the accepted practice that Internet users will not pay for news.Struggling with a decline of advertising and a downward tendency in street corner sales, The New York Times intends to introduce a “metered” 43 at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded (超过) a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper on the 44 side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not charge Internet readers.The New York Time’s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 45 that the idea was a gamble. 46 a print circulation of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 47 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus (办事处) in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus 48 in the world.But like many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a serious financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 49 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million loan from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its 50 sheet.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge asleaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, i s leadership that emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)66. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a(n) ．A. magazineB. news agencyC. research centerD. advertising company67. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teen Ink must ask for your permission before having your work published.B. The copyrights of your writing will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.C. When you put your writing into the envelope, you shouldn’t fold it.D. The Pepsi Company may be a sponsor of Teen Ink for this campaign.68. What is the most suitable title for this piece of advertisement?A. Join Teen InkB. Buy Teen Ink；Enjoy PepsiC. Send Us Your WorkD. Keep In Touch With Teen Ink(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable (可通航的) streams and each had a wharf (码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word “they” in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment to Europe.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantation system EXCEPT ________.A. the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase “antagonistic to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists (女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local w omen’s organizations assembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence(通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States, one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at RadclifféCollege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstreamAmerican history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman’s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women’s history materials in the Schlesinger Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women’s colleges throughout the United States.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. _____________________________ makes writing by hand a thing of the past in school.79. Published in 2009, Berninger’s study focused on the difference between ___________________________________________________.80. What abilities are closely related to each other, according to Berninger’s recent study?81. When will the spell checks of the computer be of help to children?第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 在我们学校，教师和学生都可以免费上网。

上海市闵行区高三一模英语试题

闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。

答题时客观题用2B铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。

2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He ’s a mechanic. B. He ’s a taxi driver. C. He ’s a salesman. D. He ’s an engineer.2. A. Her son ’s health. B. Her son ’s studies. C. Her son ’s poor grades. D. Her son’s ability for the job.3. A. The man also needs new tennis shoes.B. The man is out of shape.C. The man doesn ’t need some new balls.D. The man spent too much on his tennis shoes.4. A. He is learning about advertising. B. He is the new advertising manager. C. He is interviewing the woman. D. He is waiting for an interview.5. A. The man is late for the trip because he is busy. B. The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person. C. The man is meeting the woman in stead of Mr. Brown. D. The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.6. A. Alice didn ’t seem to be nervous during her speech. B. Alice needs more training in making public speeches. C. The man can hardly understand Alice ’s presentation.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………D. The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.7. A. It is typical December weather for this region.B. It won’t snow until December.C. There has never been much snow down South.D. Such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.8. A. He has too many dreams. B. He likes to sleep.C. He doesn’t have many ideas.D. He doesn’t put his idea into practice.9. A. She prefers chemistry. B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She is too tired of chemistry.D. She is too busy to work on her chemistry.10. A. If the game is held there the team will lose.B. If the game is held there the team will win.C. It makes no difference since the team will lose.D. It makes no difference since the team will win.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The common characteristic of Hollywood films.B. The main character in action films.C. The conflict between two men in the film.D. The most interesting story of Hollywood films.12. A. The main character is worth believing.B. The main character is interested in fight.C. The main character used to be humble.D. The main character undergoes a change.13. A. We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves.B. We can learn how to deal with people.C. We can understand life a little better.D. We can find better ways to cope with conflicts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The increasing cost of living. B. A shortage of certain goods.C. A not-large-enough income.D. Nothing is left over to put away.15. A. The workers are getting lower and lower wages.B. The government makes no effort.C. People demand more and better goods.D. There are always shortages of goods.16. A. It helps merchants to produce more goods.B. It helps the workers to earn more money.C. It helps people to make his income meet the cost of living.D. It helps the government to battle the increasing cost of living.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?(25)______ immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth (26) ______ (talk) about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(高电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down (27) ______ ______ it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero (28) ______ (experience) life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? (29) ______ the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, (30) ______ who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India (31) ______ still be part of the British Empire. (32) ______ may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.(B)When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things (33) ______ (be) at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only pre paration for all of the different situations (34) ______ appear in the working world.Perhaps the best way (35) ______ (learn) how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to se e what it is (36) ______ you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble. Perhaps even (37) ______ (important), you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations (38) ______ (be). While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like (39) ______ and how you can learn from his response to different situations. By (40) ______ (learn) from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The45 of the decline took us by surprise,”says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion (分散) of river water for irrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the study’s authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a(n) 51 problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people, just ordinary people acting 52 , you might say. But it is a 53 both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the 54 go even beyond carelessness to total irresponsibility.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to (归因于) the 55 condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be56 . The experts warn that it is 57 for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control.Yet drivers are not the only ones to blame for the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem. Street walkers 58 break traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even 59 that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety 60 for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. 61 , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these62 , the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting 63 , say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task. It 64 constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a(n) 65 to those with whom they share the road.51. A. social B. practical C. emotional D. legal52. A. strangely B. fearlessly C. carelessly D. selfishly53. A. priority B. principle C. process D. system54. A. survivors B. victims C. suspects D. killers55. A. psychological B. current C. original D. different56. A. impossible B. evident C. avoidable D. serious57. A. abstract B. difficult C. unusual D. vital58. A. accidentally B. consequently C. regularly D. rarely59. A. accuse B. object C. acknowledge D. believe60. A. records B. standards C. proposals D. belts61. A. As a result B. No wonderC. In additionD. On the other hand62. A. measures B. rights C. experts D. warnings63. A. effect B. solution C. change D. achievement64. A. calls for B. aims at C. takes on D. turns to65. A. result B. argument C. threat D. informationSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)Keen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link? WeResearch:If this noble line of work is your bread andbutter or passion, we want to hear fromyou! Share with Campus Link your researchdevelopments and breakthroughs. If youknow of someone (your schoolmate orteacher) whose research work is a source ofinspiration for our community, do nothesitate to send in your suggestions!66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________.A. journals of travelsB. well-taken photographsC. stories of Leonard MaltinD. opinions on restaurants67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link?A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community.68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of featureC. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue(B)As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell (魔咒).According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like tofind excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent (过失的）in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.69. From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _________.A. procrastination is beneficial to many studentsB. many students are under great pressure in their studyC. lots of college students work hard to write good essays on timeD. many students have the habit of delaying finishing their tasks70. Which behavior belongs to procrastination?A. Never dream away the time.B. Always complete the tasks ahead of time.C. Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.D. Always wait to work until the “good mood” or “good time”.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?A. Procrastination makes people waste their time.B. Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.C. Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.D. Procrastination is common among people.72. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Measures to deal with procrastination.B. Approaches to handling the study pressures.C. More examples to illustrate procrastination.D. Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.(C)It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on by way of the group’s online service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the hurry of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia(安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death — probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed (诊断) as Terminally Ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year- old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.73. Which of the following has the similar meaning to “But the tide is unlikely to turn back.”?A. What happened in Australia can change world history.B. It is impossible to pass the NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law.C. Doctors are allowed by law to take the lives of the ill patients.D. That the Law has been passed probably can’t be changed.74. From the second paragraph we learn that __________.A. the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countriesB. physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasiaC. changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hurry passage of the lawD. it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage75. By saying “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling”, the author means__________.A. observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasiaB. similar bills are likely to be passed in the U.S., Canada and other countriesC. observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoesD. the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop76. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will __________.A. face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasiaB. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patientC. have an intense fear of terrible sufferingD. undergo a cooling off period of seven days77. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of __________.A. oppositionB. doubtC. approvalD. anxietySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ d esire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission(排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are work ing towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.第II 卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 越来越多的年轻人花在网上浏览的时间比看书还多。

上海市各区2016届高三英语一模汇编：阅读理解A篇(带答案精准校对)(20200223154049)

One【2016届上海市虹口区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In job interviews, we’re often asked about our strengths and weaknesses. And, as a matter of fact, most of us know automatically how to respond.Common wisdom tells us to use faux weaknesses, which means things that are strengths described as negatives and turned into positives. You might even be able to change your weaknessinto a skill for a job you’re not fully qualified for.In America, in a championship game you are unlikely to see athletes showing weakness. Ifthe athletes become hurt in this game, they will hide their injuries —they don’t want their competitors to know their weak spots. But there is absolutely no need for us to act like this inbusiness affairs.At work and in business, you can have shortcomings because these can be overcome andturned into strengths. The only fatal thing is to not realize that all your weaknesses can be madestrong. Of course, to make up for shortcomings, you must first be aware of what your weaknessesreally are.Have you ever wondered what has happened when you interview for a job you’re fullyqualified for, but it goes to someone who doesn’tseem to be qualified at all? How would thatperson get the job when he had none of the qualifications listed in the job ad?That applicant figured out the business pain point that is seldom, if ever, mentioned in the jobad, and then how to address it. He didn’t talk about how he met each of the requirements on the job ad. He had none of the qualifications. He asked questions instead. He asked probing (探询的) questions to learn more about the business pain. By doing so, this less-qualified person soonlearned that the hiring managers needed something different from what was listed in the job ad.Not accepting the job ad as an unquestionable truth is the key. There is no reason to think thathiring managers actually know what they need when they write job ads. They may need someonecompletely different from what they describe. That is why you can get a job that you’re notqualified for.66. The underlined word “faux” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “__________”.A. incorrectB. illogicalC. falseD. imaginary67. What exactly does the author advise you to do when you are a weak candidate for a job?A. Don’t ask questions if you think you are a weak candidate.B. Ask questions about the job until you find you have something to offer.C. Don’t let your interviewer know your weaknesses but tell him your strengths.D. Ask questions according to the job description to see if you can be a qualified candidate.68. Why does the author think an applicant can get a job that he’s not qualified for?A. Because hiring managers may change their mind in the job interview.B. Because hiring managers may actually need someone who can ask questions.C. Because the applicant may not know that he actually has the required qualifications.D. Because hiring managers may not know what they actually need when writing the ad.69. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. You can change you weaknesses into strengths in job interviews.B. Don’t expose your weaknesses but show your strengths in job interviews.C. Find out the business pain point not mentioned in the job ad in job interviews.D. Hiring managers usually don’t know what qualifications they really need.Keys: 66-69: CBDATwo【2016届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Rosalind Franklin always liked facts. She was logical and precise,and impatient with things that were otherwise. She decided to become ascientist when she was 15. She passed the examination for admission toCambridge University in 1938, and it sparked a family crisis. Althoughher family was well-to-do and had a tradition of public service and charity,her father disapproved of university education for women. He refused to pay. An aunt stepped inand said Franklin should go to school, and she would pay for it. Franklin’s mother also took her side until her father finally gave in.She was invited to King’s College in London to join a team of scientists. The leader ofthe team assigned her to work on DNA with a graduate student. Franklin’s assumption was that it was her own project. The laboratory’s second-in-command, Maurice Wilkins, was on vacation at the time, and when he returned, their relationship was puzzling. He assumed she was to assist his work; she assumed she’d be the only one working on DNA. They had powerful personality differences as well: Franklin direct, quick, decisive, and Wilkins shy, hesitant, and passive.In 1953, Wilkins changed the course of DNA history by disclosing, without Franklin’s permission, her Photo 51 to competing scientist James Watson, who was working on his own DNA model with Francis Crick at Cambridge. Upon seeing the photograph, Watson said, “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race,” according to author Brenda Maddox who wrote the book Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA.The two scientists did in fact use what they saw in Photo 51 as the basis for their famous model of DNA, which they published on March 7, 1953, and for which they received a Nobel Prize in 1962. Crick and Watson were also able to take most of the credit for the finding: they included a footnote acknowledging that they were “stimulated by a general knowledge”of Franklin’s and Wilkin’s unpublished contribution, when much of their work was rooted in Franklin’s photo and findings. Franklin didn’t know that these men based their article on her research, and she didn’t complain either, likely as a result of her upbringing. Franklin “didn’t do anything that would invite criticism… (that was) bred into her,” Maddox said.66. Wilkins’ relationship with Franklin was characterized by __________.A. unity and harmonyB. confusion and competitionC. cooperation and miscommunicationD. misunderstanding and conflict67. What does Watson mean by saying “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race”?A. He was confused that Crick had not made this discovery.B. He was surprised that Wilkins had discovered this information.C. He was satisfied with the importance of Photo 51.D. He was anxious about the progress Wilkins and Franklin had made.68. What is Brenda Maddox’s main intention according to the quote in the last paragraph?A. To re-evaluate the importance of the DNA model.B. To criticize King’s College and Cambridge.C. To emphasize Franklin’s importance in science.D. To deny Watson’s and Crick’s contribution to science.69. Franklin’s career as a scientist demonstrates _____________.A. that her work was pointing at the most difficult problemB. that she was the only female scientist during the periodC. the importance of DNA in modern scienceD. that perseverance leads to success and recognition of field scientistsKeys: 66—69 CBCDThree【2016届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In a class this past December, after I wrote some directions on the board for students abouttheir final examination, one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smartphone. When I looked in her direction, she apologized, “Sorry. Was it wrong to take a picture?“I can’t read my own handwriting,” the young woman explained. “It’s best if I take a pictu of your writing so I can understand the notes.”That remark started a class-wide conversation about taking a picture instead of taking notes.For those in the photo-taking camp, motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehendtheir own handwriting. Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safeplace to store material. They might lose pape r, they reasoned, but they wouldn’t lose their phones.Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had notedinformation on the board. Others told me that during class they liked to be able to listen to thediscussion attentively.Yet the use of cameras as note takers, though it may be convenient, does raise significantquestions for the classroom. Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?Instructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merelyrecording necessary information—it helps prepare the way for understanding. Encouragingstudents to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method, but just because a methodhas a long history doesn’t mean it’s out of date. Writing things down engages a student’listening, visual, and kinesthetic(触觉的) learning—a view supported by a longstanding research.The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory, and toprocess and combine it, establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.Taking a picture does indeed record the information, but it deletes some of the necessarymental engagement that taking notes employs. So can the two be equally effective?66. The woman apologized in the class because she_____________.A. had the bad handwritingB. missed the teachers’ directionsC. took a picture of the boardD. disturbed other students’ learning67. According to the passage, which of the following may NOT explain students’ reluctance totake notes?A. They lack proper techniques for taking notes.B. They want to listen more attentively in class.C. They believe smart phones are much safer for storing notes.D. They want to have the exact version of the notes on the board.68. According to the passage, taking notes by hand_____________.A. requires students to think independentlyB. helps students actively participate in learningC. proves to be an old and useless learning methodD. seems unsuitable for students to learn new ideas69. What is the main idea of this passage?A. The traditional way of note-taking should be replaced.B. A modern way of note-taking is catching on.C. Note-taking by hand is not out of date.D. A picture is worth a thousand words.Keys: 66—69 CABCFour【2016届上海市长宁区高三英语一模】Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)“When I Have Death is a serious theme worthy of great poets. For example, John Keats’sFea rs That I May Cease to Be” and John Donne’s “Death, Be Not Proud” both discuss death in reflective ways. However, the imagery (意象) in these poems shows that while Keats believes thatdeath can only destroy, Donne believes that death can be overcome.Keats is afraid of death, because to him death means the loss of those things that make hislife worth living: “On the shore/ of the wide world I stand alone, and think / Till Love and Fame tonothingness do sink.” Earlier in the poem, Keats says that he hopes this “Love” will be a romance” with a “fair creature.” He also says that he hopes the “Fame” he seeks will be the of the “high piled books” produced by his “crowded brain.” In other words, Keats’s fea death is a “nothingness” that will arrive before he can finish his life’s work or find his tru Donne has a different attitude toward death, and so the imagery in his poem is different, too.s,To Donne, death should “be not proud,” because it is not “mighty and dreadful.” Unlike K Donne sees death as weak and merely a “slave to Fate, chance, kings, and desperate men.”the sleep ofsays that death is like “rest and sleep”. Donne believes that we will all wake fromdeath to everlasting life, just as we wake from our normal sleep to our everyday lives. In fact,Donne believes that only death itself will die: “One short sleep past, we wake forever, / And Death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.”Keats and Donne both know that death is a part of life, and both poets use powerful imageryto talk about that difficult theme. The differences in this imagery show two very different attitudestoward the subject, one of which is much more positive than the other. Which poet to believe is upto the reader to decide.Not surprisingly, the readers’ own experiences may play a part in the way they respond tothese poets’ approaches. Like the two poets and their beliefs, contemporary readers also may beand Donne’s poetr y remains fascinatingdivided on the subject. This may explain why Keats’syears after their own deaths.66. According to the passage, _________ makes Keats’s life worth living.A.expressing his grand passion for poetryB. walking on the shore with a pretty ladyC. defeating nothingness with his true loveD. pursuing the fame of being a romantic poet67. In Donne’s poems he believes that death is ______.A. generally powerful and terribleB. only a ceaseless sleepC. merely the loss of work and loveD. hardly worth the fear_____.68. Contemporary readers may view the two poets’ serious subject differently because ___A. they are attracted to the two poets’ everlasting opposite beliefsB. they are divided naturally by their positive or negative personalitiesC. their own life experiences affect the understandings of the poemsD. their preferences for the poets’ strong imageries are various69. Which of the following best describes the main writing style of the passage?A. Analysis.B. Argument.C. Comparison.D. Reasoning.Keys:66—69 ADCCFive【2016届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dad,I’m writing to you as I feel it’s been quite a while since we last spoke (two years to be exact, you hung up on me). So how is Germany? How old are your other children now? What have youbeen up to this year? I finished my A-levels this summer. But enough small talk. On our Europeanroad trip in the summer, the journey took us close to your house and I asked Mum and my stepdadif we could pay a visit so that I could see you. Outside your house, I couldn’t bring myself out of the car and knock on the door.I’ve tried so many different forms of communication －email, the phone and I alsosuggested Skype. Yet I still can’t get through to you.My mum, stepdad and I sat around the table trying to work out why I had felt unable to knockon your door that day. At last it came to me. I think, perhaps subconsciously, I was saving myselfthe grief of your response.Why can’t your parental obligations stretch to all three of your children, not just your tworecent ones? In our previous conversations, which ended suddenly, as your older son needed to beput to bed, I’d ask you how he was doing at school, and you’d talk about the weather. No one listening would be able to tell there was any difference between our relationship and one youmight have with a neighbour.Forget your excuses – that the flight to visit me is expensive and that you need to look afteryour other children (I hope you can see the irony(讽刺) in that). While you watch their schoolve liked you to be there at mine?plays, don’t you consider that I would haPerhaps the reason I didn’t knock on your door was that I just don’t care anymore. I’mexhausted trying to make this work. Maybe a part of me wasn’t actually bothered whether I sawyou or not that day —you’ve already los t so much meaning in my life; you are someone who justsends me a birthday card.This isn’t me being bitter, although I was initially. It’s just a way of telling you how I really feel.Phoebe66. How did Phoebe feel when she was sitting in the car outsid e her father’s house?A. ExcitedB. PuzzledC. DisappointedD. Embarrassed67. Based on this letter, we can learn that Phoebe’s father _____________.A. lives in the same city with his daughterB. got divorced and left Phoebe and her motherC. has never had any communication with PhoebeD. takes good care of all his childrenirony” refer to in Paragraph 5?68. What does the “A. He ended his conversation with Phoebe just to put his son to bed.B. He lives in a big house but has no money to buy an air ticket.C. He talked with Phoebe, his daughter, as if with a neighbour.D. Phoebe is also his child but he excuses himself from caring about her.69. Phoebe didn’t knock on her father’s door that day because _____________.expected responses to her visitA. she was afraid of his dad’s unB. she didn’t want to bother her father’s happy life with his current familyC. she was tired of being the one who make efforts for their relationshipD. she suddenly realized that her father had no meaning in her lifeKeys: 66-69 CBDCSix【2016届上海市闵行区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.Using your NatWest Service CardAs a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a cheque guarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.Using your NatWest Cash CardYou can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash fromover 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have inyour account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.Using your cards abroadYou can also use your Service Card and Cash Card when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see theCirrus or Maestro logo displayed.We take a commission charge(手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to￡4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro topay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.Using your NatWest Credit CardWith your credit card you can do the following:-free credit.＊Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days’ interest＊Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.＊Collect one AIR MILE for every￡20 of spending that appears on your statement (结cheques bought, interest算单). (This does not include foreign currency or traveler’sand other charges.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ____________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ___________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.。

上海闵行区年高三一模英语试卷

闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。

答题时客观题用2B铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。

2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He ’s a mechanic. B. He ’s a taxi driver. C. He ’s a salesman. D. He ’s an engineer.2. A. Her son ’s health. B. Her son ’s studies. C. Her son ’s poor grades. D. Her son ’s ability for the job.3. A. The man also needs new tennis shoes.B. The man is out of shape.C. The man doesn ’t need some new balls.D. The man spent too much on his tennis shoes.4. A. He is learning about advertising. B. He is the new advertising manager. C. He is interviewing the woman. D. He is waiting for an interview.5. A. The man is late for the trip because he is busy. B. The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person. C. The man is meeting the woman in stead of Mr. Brown. D. The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.6. A. Alice didn ’t seem to be nervous during her speech. B. Alice needs more training in making public speeches. C. The man can hardly understand Alice ’s presentation.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………D. The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.7. A. It is typical December weather for this region.B. It won’t snow until December.C. There has never been much snow down South.D. Such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.8. A. He has too many dreams. B. He likes to sleep.C. He doesn’t have many ideas.D. He doesn’t put his idea into practice.9. A. She prefers chemistry. B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She is too tired of chemistry.D. She is too busy to work on her chemistry.10. A. If the game is held there the team will lose.B. If the game is held there the team will win.C. It makes no difference since the team will lose.D. It makes no difference since the team will win.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The common characteristic of Hollywood films.B. The main character in action films.C. The conflict between two men in the film.D. The most interesting story of Hollywood films.12. A. The main character is worth believing.B. The main character is interested in fight.C. The main character used to be humble.D. The main character undergoes a change.13. A. We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves.B. We can learn how to deal with people.C. We can understand life a little better.D. We can find better ways to cope with conflicts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The increasing cost of living. B. A shortage of certain goods.C. A not-large-enough income.D. Nothing is left over to put away.15. A. The workers are getting lower and lower wages.B. The government makes no effort.C. People demand more and better goods.D. There are always shortages of goods.16. A. It helps merchants to produce more goods.B. It helps the workers to earn more money.C. It helps people to make his income meet the cost of living.D. It helps the government to battle the increasing cost of living.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?(25)______ immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth (26) ______ (talk) about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(高电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down (27) ______ ______ it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero (28) ______ (experience) life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? (29) ______ the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, (30) ______ who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India (31) ______ still be part of the British Empire. (32) ______ may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.(B)When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things (33) ______ (be) at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only preparation for all of the different situations (34) ______ appear in the working world.Perhaps the best way (35) ______ (learn) how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is (36) ______ you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble. Perhaps even (37) ______ (important), you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations (38) ______ (be). While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like (39) ______ and how you can learn from his response to different situations. By (40) ______ (learn) from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The45 of the decline took us by surprise,”says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion (分散) of river water for irrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the study’s authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a(n) 51 problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people, just ordinary people acting 52 , you might say. But it is a 53 both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the 54 go even beyond carelessness to total irresponsibility.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to (归因于) the 55 condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be56 . The experts warn that it is 57 for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control.Yet drivers are not the only ones to blame for the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem. Street walkers 58 break traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even 59 that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety 60 for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. 61 , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these62 , the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting 63 , say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task. It 64 constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a(n) 65 to those with whom they share the road.51. A. social B. practical C. emotional D. legal52. A. strangely B. fearlessly C. carelessly D. selfishly53. A. priority B. principle C. process D. system54. A. survivors B. victims C. suspects D. killers55. A. psychological B. current C. original D. different56. A. impossible B. evident C. avoidable D. serious57. A. abstract B. difficult C. unusual D. vital58. A. accidentally B. consequently C. regularly D. rarely59. A. accuse B. object C. acknowledge D. believe60. A. records B. standards C. proposals D. belts61. A. As a result B. No wonderC. In additionD. On the other hand62. A. measures B. rights C. experts D. warnings63. A. effect B. solution C. change D. achievement64. A. calls for B. aims at C. takes on D. turns to65. A. result B. argument C. threat D. informationSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)Keen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link? WeResearch:If this noble line of work is your bread andbutter or passion, we want to hear fromyou! Share with Campus Link your researchdevelopments and breakthroughs. If youknow of someone (your schoolmate orteacher) whose research work is a source ofinspiration for our community, do nothesitate to send in your suggestions!66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________.A. journals of travelsB. well-taken photographsC. stories of Leonard MaltinD. opinions on restaurants67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link?A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community.68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of featureC. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue(B)As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell (魔咒).According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like tofind excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent (过失的）in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.69. From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _________.A. procrastination is beneficial to many studentsB. many students are under great pressure in their studyC. lots of college students work hard to write good essays on timeD. many students have the habit of delaying finishing their tasks70. Which behavior belongs to procrastination?A. Never dream away the time.B. Always complete the tasks ahead of time.C. Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.D. Always wait to work until the “good mood” or “good time”.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?A. Procrastination makes people waste their time.B. Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.C. Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.D. Procrastination is common among people.72. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Measures to deal with procrastination.B. Approaches to handling the study pressures.C. More examples to illustrate procrastination.D. Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.(C)It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on by way of the group’s on line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the hurry of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia(安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death — probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed (诊断) as Terminally Ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year- old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.73. Which of the following has the similar meaning to “But the tide is unlikely to turn back.”?A. What happened in Australia can change world history.B. It is impossible to pass the NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law.C. Doctors are allowed by law to take the lives of the ill patients.D. That the Law has been passed probably can’t be changed.74. From the second paragraph we learn that __________.A. the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countriesB. physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasiaC. changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hurry passage of the lawD. it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage75. By saying “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling”, the author means__________.A. observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasiaB. similar bills are likely to be passed in the U.S., Canada and other countriesC. observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoesD. the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop76. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will __________.A. face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasiaB. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patientC. have an intense fear of terrible sufferingD. undergo a cooling off period of seven days77. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of __________.A. oppositionB. doubtC. approvalD. anxietySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission(排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 越来越多的年轻人花在网上浏览的时间比看书还多。

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