What--和that-在名词性从句中的用法区别
pep初中语法 名词性从句中that和what的用法区别
第3题补充3. 名词性从句中that和what的用法区别(转载)(2007-12-13 18:20:19)名词性从句中that和what的用法区别一．that 引导的名词性从句首先，连接代词that除引导第一个宾语从句时可以省略外，引导其他各类名词性从句皆不能省略。
例如：①It is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of youre-mail account.②---- Don’t you think it necessary that he go home at once?---- but the problem is that there is no car.③There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.④Our English teacher told us (that) we all did very well in the examination and that ten of us gotfull mark.以上四个句子中，that 分别引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句和宾语从句，除在第四个例句中第一个that 可以省略外，其他的that 均不可省略。
其次，在引导名词性从句时，that不作句子中的任何成分。
例如：①Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class that he had to meet his uncle at theairport.该句中，that引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分。
②It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.该句中，it 是形式主语，that引导的主语从句才是整个句子的真正主语，that在句中不作任何成分。
：what,that,where ,who ,how在不同从句中的用法
Whether he has left, I can’t say. 他是否走了，我说不定。
②引导主语从句且放在句首时：Whether he will come is still a question. 他是否会来还是个问题。
【注】若在句首使用形式主语 it，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用 if 来引导：It was not known whether [if] he would come. 不知他是否会来。
③ 引导表语从句时：The question is whether we should go on with the work. 问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。
【注】在很不正式的场合if偶尔也用于引导表语从句，但远不如用 whether 常见。
④ 引导让步状语从句时：Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that. 不管他同意与否，我都要那样做。
⑤ 引导同位语从句时：The question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它还没有考虑。
⑥ 用于不定式之前时：I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不知是留还是去。
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我真是哭笑不得。
⑦用于介词之后时：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。
⑧直接与 or not 连用时：I will write to you whether or not I can come. 我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。
【注】若不是直接与 or not 用在一起，则有时也可用 if：I don’t know whether [if] he will win or not. 我不知他是否能赢。
what和that的用法讲义--2023届高三英语复习备考
what和that的用法讲义what和that都是从句的引导词，或者说，都是可以连接主句和从句的连词。
要弄清楚这两个词的用法，我们首先要明确what和that分别都可以引导哪些从句。
一.关于whati what是名词性从句的引导词，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
所以，what可以引导的从句也就是上面提到的四类从句。
二.关于that(①that是名词性从句的引导词，所以，that也可以引导主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
②that是定语从句的引导词，所以，that还可以用来引导定语从句，放在所修饰的名词后面。
我们来看这样几个句子：1.This is what we are looking forward to. (表语从句)这是我们一直所期待的事情。
【分析】what引导的从句，放在了系动词is后面，放在表语的位置，是表语从句。
此时，what=the thing that所以，上面的句子可以改写成：This is the thing that we are looking forward to.2. What makes this shop different(主语从句)is that it offers more personal services. (表语从句)这家店与众不同的地方在于它提供更多的个人服务。
【分析】what引导的句子，放在句子开头，位于系动词is前面主语的位置，是主语从句。
此时，what=the thing that所以，上面的句子可以改写成：The thing that makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services .此外，原句that 引导的句子放在系动词is后面，放在表语的位置，所以是表语从句。
3. There are signs that restaurants are becoming more popular with families. (同位语从句)有迹象表明，餐馆在家庭中越来越受欢迎。
what与that引导名词性从句的区别分析
what与that引导名词性从句的区别分析英语语法让很多学生都头疼，但其实还是有区别的，下面是店铺给大家带来的有关于what与that引导名词的介绍，希望能够帮助到大家。
what与that引导名词性从句的区别I think __________ he needs is more practice.Yes. __________ he needs more practice is clear.A. what, WhatB. that, ThatC. what, ThatD. that, What此题应选C。
其余三项均可能被误选。
what 和that 都可以引导名词性从句，但有区别。
如：1. what 引导名词从句时，它在从句中要充当句子成分(主语、宾语等)，而 that 引导名词从句时，它在从句中不能充当句子成分。
2. what 引导名词从句时，它有词义(表示：什么;所的[东西]);而that 引导名词从句时，它没有词义。
请做以下试题，注意区别 what 和 that。
如：1. ________ you said is different from the thing ________he told us.A. What, whatB. That, thatC. What, thatD. That, what2. I think ________ he said is trueBut dont forget the fact ________he is a cheat.A. what, whatB. that, thatC. what, thatD. that, what3. ________ surprised us most is ________he spoke English so well.A. What, whatB. That, thatC. What, thatD. That, what答案：1. C 2. C 3. C高中英语的情态动词的介绍1. You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didnt you? Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.A. to, withB. for, withC. for, forD. at, for【陷阱】容易误选 B 或D。
名词性从句中常用连接词的区别
名词性从句中常用连接词的区别作者：陈焕锁来源：《新高考·高一英语》2012年第03期名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。
在句中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
因此，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句通称为名词性从句。
名词性从句的连接词通常分为三类：第一类连接词在名词性从句中，不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
这类连接词有：that, if, whether, as if, as though等。
例如：When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当铅笔一部分放进水里时，看起来好像断了似的。
第二类连接词在名词性从句中，作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语。
这类连接词有：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, whose等。
这类连接词称之为连接代词。
例如：Here are the chairs. Tell me which are worth buying. 就是这些椅子。
告诉我买哪几把好。
第三类连接词在名词性从句中，作状语。
这类连接词有：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等。
这类连接词称之为连接副词。
例如：The students asked the teacher when the examination was going to be held. 学生们问老师什么时候举行考试。
【名词性从句中常用连接词的区别】一、 what与that 的区别1. what引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作主语或宾语，有时作表语或宾语补足语。
表示“……的东西、……的事情、……的话、……的时间、……的地方、……的人、所谓的……、……样子等”。
而that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用。
what和that的用法区别
the＋名词＋that”或者all that, 即好像是既包括了先行词也包含了
关系代词，因此，有学者称之为关系代词型what。如：
seemed to be a long time, he came up again.
1 _T_h_a_t_ she lacks experience is obvious. 2 The police learned _t_h_a_t _ he wasn’t there at that time. 3 He realized _th_a_t__ she too was tired. 4 My idea is _t_h_a_t you shouldn’t have left the country. 5 Bob has the mistaken idea _th_a_t_tomorrow is a holiday. 6 It was quite plain _t_h_a_t_ he didn’t want to come. 7 It is natural _t_h_a_t_ they should have different views.
that—从属连词
主语从句 宾语从句
引导_名_词__性_从__句___， 表语从句
_不_充__当__句子成分， 同位语从句
_没_有____字面意义。
引导宾语从句的 that可以省略
1 _W__h_a_the had hoped at last came true. 2 China is no longer _w_h_a_t_ it used to be. 3 I’m sorry for _w_h_a_t_ I said. 4 That’s _w_h_a_t_ I want to know. 5 It was _w_h_a_t_ he meant rather than w__h_a_t he said. 6 There’s something in _w_h_a_t_ he says. 7 200 years ago, they came to _w__h_a_t we call “America” now.
从句中that和what的用法
that与what从句用法that 与what从句就是中学课本的一项重要语法内容,也就是学生易出错的地方。
现将其用法归纳如下:一、引导主语从句that与what都可引导主语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省略。
what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。
如:What he said at the meeting was very important.她在会上所说的非常重要。
(what在主语从句中作宾语)What surprised us is that he did it alone.使我们吃惊的就是她一个人做了那项工作。
(what在主语从句中作主语)That he did it alone surprised us.她独自完成了那项工作使我们感到吃惊。
(that用来引导主语从句,在句中不作成分)二、引导宾语从句that与what都可引导宾语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分, 一般情况下可以省略但当有两个以上的宾语从句时,只能省掉第一个that。
what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。
如:They stopped to see what was happening.她们停下来瞧发生了什么事情。
(what在宾语从句中作主语)The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done.那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。
(what在宾语从句中作宾语)All the people believed that it was right to rescue the temple.所有的人都认为拯救古庙就是正确的。
(that在宾语从句中不作句子成分且可省略)We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well and that when we discover what this something is we must work hard at it until we succeed.我们必须相信,我们每一个人都能把某件事情办好;而且,当我们发现这事情就是什么的时候,我们就必须努力干下去,直到成功为止。
that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that与what引导名词性从句的区别that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词+that”。
如：1. 用that的例子That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验，这是显然的。
The police learned that he wasn’t there at that tim e. 警察获知他那时不在场。
He realized that she too was exhausted. 他意识到她也精疲力尽。
My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。
Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday. 鲍勃错误地认为明天是一个假日。
It was quite plain that he didn’t want to come. 很明显他不想来。
It is natural that they should have different views. 他们看法不同是很自然的。
2. 用what的例子What (=The thing that) he said was true. 他所讲的是事实。
What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。
What he said is beneath contempt. 他说的话不值一理。
What he says is true, possibly. 或许他说的是对的。
What she saw gave her a fright. 她看到的情况吓了她一跳。
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What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法区别What 和that 都可以引导名词性从句。
一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）：1．不省略（no ellipsis）当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。
Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy.(That 引导主语从句不可省略)2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略)3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略)但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外：that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况.(1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略.Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略）他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。
(2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。
Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。
)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。
2．不作成分（no component）that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。
Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分）7))That you don’t like him is none of my business. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中不作任何成分，也不省略）3．没词义（no meaning）that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。
Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义) 她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。
9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义）他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。
二．在引导名词性从句时，What一般要注意一个不（one no）,一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）：1．不省略what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。
这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。
eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what 不省略)11)----I think it’s going to be a big problem.----Yes , it could be .----I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引导宾语从句，但在句中不省略）2．有词义what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。
一般是“----的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与that 用法不一样eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。
12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引导主语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。
3．作成分what 在引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当成分。
这一用法与that 用法不一样。
Eg. 13)It does n’t matter what he said.( it 是形式主语，what 在句中引导主语从句。
What 在主语从句中作said 的宾语。
)14）It was true ______Alice did surprised her mother.A. that whatB. what thatC. that thatD. all what评析：这一题正确答案是A。
it在句中是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句that Alice did surprised her mother.，在这个主语从句当中，what 又引导了主语从句what Alice did，what在从句中作did 的宾语。
三．要特别提醒同学们的两点：1. What所引导的从句可以在介词后作宾语，而that从句一般不可以。
Eg：15）After months of voyage ,Columbus arrived in _____later proved to be a new continent.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. that评析：答案是C。
因为在介词in 后面，应该用what引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语。
而that不可以这样用。
16) On stepping into his room, he was astonished to find the floor covered with _____lookedlike tiny insects.A. thatB. somethingC. whatD. anything评析：答案是C。
因为在介词with 后面，应该用what引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语。
而that不可以这样用。
2.that可以引导定语从句，而且是定语从句引导词中的顶梁柱，它在定语从句中要充当成分，通常作定语从句中的主语、宾语。
同时that也可以引导名词性从句，在名词性从句中that 不充当成分。
但What不可以引导定语从句。
它只可以引导名词性从句,在句中相当于what =all that ,what 在名词性从句中充当成分，常常作主语、宾语和表语。
Eg: 17).All _____I want to know is what he meant .A.thatB. whichC. whatD. whatever评析：答案是A.本题是that引导的定语从句。
而what不可以引导定语从句。
What=allthat .又因为先行词是all ，故其后不可以接which 引导的定语从句。
而.Whatever=anything that /no matter what 从意义和语法都不符合。
所以只能选A,that.18) ______impressed me most was ______such a little boy could play the violin so well.A. That ; whatB. What ; thatC. That ; thatD. What ; what评析：答案是B.第一空是what 引导的主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。
第二空是that 引导的表语从句，that在表语从句中不省略，不作成分，也没词义。
要真正掌握What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法，还得多多操练,熟能生巧（Practice makes perferct）。
练习：一．改错题：1.What we all like him is certain.2.He left is certain.３．I wished that we could go to Beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back4.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.5.The idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him.6.The news our team has won is true.7.He said that he had made a big mistake and he felt very sorry for it.8.The reason he did not come is he was ill.9.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.10 .When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly that he wants.Keys: 1.(what→That) 2.(he 前加that) 3.（在and 后加that）4.（在the car前加that）5.(which→that) 6.(在news 后加that ) 7.(第一个that可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。
所以要在and 后加that) 8.（在is 后加that)）9.（在fact后加that）10. (将that 改what) 二）高考题：11．[92] It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turned grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for12．[93] _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. WhatB. ThatC. The factD. The matter13．[96] _____ we can’t get seems better than _____ we have.A. What / whatB. What / thatC. That / thatD. That / what14．[98] _____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where15．[01] A co mputer can only do _____ you’ve instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. whenKeys:11-15 BAAAC三）选择题：16．Air to us is ______water to fish.A. whatB. thatC. /D. like17．China is not _____ it used to be .A. thatB. whatC. whichD. /18. After ______seemed to be ten years later, he returned to his hometown.A. whatB. thatC. /D. which19.There are signs ______restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. whose20.It is pretty well understood ______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A. thatB. when C . what D. how21.______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which22.----What made her parents so angry ?----______ she had failed in the exam.A. AsB. BecauseC. SinceD. Thatrmation has been put forward ______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as24.----Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game ?----Oh, that’s ______.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited25.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditionsneed _______.A. that , to be improvedB. which , to be improvedC. where, improvingD. when , improving26.Word has come ______some foreign guests will come to our school.A. thatB. whetherC. whichD. what27.No one can be sure ______in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. what look will like manD. what look will man like.28.____puzzled the police especially was ______the murderer died .A. The thing ; thatB. That ; howC. What ; howD. Which ; how29.Sometimes we are asked _____ the likely result of an action will be .A. that we thinkB. what we thinkC. what do you thinkD. if we think30. The fire destroyed all _____ was in the building .A. whatB. whichC. thatD. how31.It’s certain _____he will come to our rescue.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. if32. I’m sure ______things will get better and ______we will get out of the trouble soon.A. that ; whichB. /;/C. /; thatD. that ; /33.He was so pleased with all ______we had done for him ______he wrote us a letter to praise usfor it . A. what ; what B. what ; that C. that ; what D. that ; that34.Was it in his office ______the manager made a promise ______he would give me promotion?A. when ; thatB. that ; thatC. when ; whichD. on which ; what35. There is no doubt _____ China will catch up with the developed countries.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. what36._____he did well in the examination made him happy.A. WhatB. WhichC. ThatD. When37. There is a popular belief among the students _____one cannot hope to achieve success withouthard work. A. which B. that C. / D. what38.Who discovered the truth ______ the earth goes round the sun ?A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that39. By success I don’t mean ______usually thought of when that word is used.A. what isB. that weC. as youD. all is40. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ______will happen to her private life.A. thisB. itC. whatD. thatKeys:16-20 ABAAC 21-25 BDBAA 26-30 AACBC31-35CCDBB 36-40 CBDAC。