铜片腐蚀试验操作规程
汽柴油铜片腐蚀快速试验法
PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricant R&D Institute
汽油、柴油铜片腐蚀试验法 快速法
6 试验步骤
6.1
把完全清澈、无悬浮水的试样倒入清洁、干燥的试管中30 mL刻
线处，并将经过最后磨光、干净的铜片在1min内浸入该试管的试样中。 将该试管小心地滑入试验钢弹中，并把弹盖旋紧，然后将试验钢弹完 全浸入已维持在90℃±1℃的恒温浴中恒温。 6.2 恒温30min后，小心地取出试验钢弹，并用自来水冲洗试验钢弹
测定。
中 国 石 油 兰 州 润 滑 油 研 发 中 心
PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricant R&D Institute
汽油、柴油铜片腐蚀试验法 快速法
日常操作注意事项
打磨合格的铜片对试验结果至关重要 磨光后的铜片禁止用手接触 浴温要保持在90℃±1℃范围内 所用试剂应经铜片试验合格后使用 试管小心滑入试验弹后，必须旋紧弹盖 从恒温浴中取出的试验弹用自来水冷却到 室温并擦干后再打开
ASTM D4814 汽油 ASTM D975 柴油 EN 228 汽油 EN 590 柴油 JIS K2202 汽油 JIS K2204 柴油 汽油 柴油 GB 1793 车用汽油 GB 252 轻柴油 GB 19147 车用柴油
中 国 石 油 兰 州 润 滑 油 研 发 中 心
PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricant R&D Institute
汽油、柴油铜片腐蚀 快速试验法介绍
兰州润滑油研究开发中心 2011年5月
石油产品的腐蚀性 石油产品的腐蚀性
金属接触
ASTM 铜片腐蚀测定法
Designation:D130–94(Reapproved2000)e1(21262°F),or both,and having suitable supports to hold the test tubes in a vertical position and immersed to a depth of about 100mm (4in.).Either water,oil,or aluminum block baths are suitable.5.2Copper Strip Corrosion Test Bomb ,constructed of stainless steel according to the dimensions as given in Fig.1,and capable of withstanding a test pressure of 100psi (689kPa).Alternative designs for the bomb cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used provided that the internal dimen-sions of the bomb are the same as those shown in Fig.1.Provide a 25by 150-mm test tube as a liner for holding the sample.5.2.1Provide liquid baths capable of being maintained at 4061°C (10462°F)or 10061°C (21262°F),or both,and having suitable supports to hold the test bomb in a vertical position.The bath must be deep enough so that the entire bomb will be submerged during the test.As the bath medium,use water or any other liquid which can be satisfactorily controlled at the specified test temperature.5.3Thermometers ,total immersion,for indicating the re-quired test temperature,with smallest graduations of 1°C (2°F)or less.No more than 25mm (1in.)of the mercury thread should extend above the surface of the bath at the test temperature.The ASTM 12C (12F)or IP 64C (64F)thermom-eter is suitable.5.4Polishing Vise ,for holding the copper strip firmly without marring the edges while polishing.Any convenient type of holder (see Appendix)may be used provided that the strip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip being polished is supported above the surface of the holder.5.5Viewing Test Tubes ,flat glass test tubes,are convenient for protecting corroded strip for close inspection or storage (see Appendix).6.Materials6.1Wash Solvent —Any volatile,sulfur-free hydrocarbon solvent may be used provided that it shows no tarnish at allwhen tested at 50°C (122°F).Knock test grade iso octane is a suitable solvent and should be used in case of dispute.(Warning —Extremely flammable,see A2.1.)6.2Polishing Materials —Silicon carbide grit paper of vary-ing degrees of fineness including 65-µm (240-grit)paper or cloth;also a supply of 105-µm (150-mesh)silicon carbide grain and pharmaceutical grade absorbent cotton (cotton wool).6.3Copper Strips :6.3.1Specification —Use strips 12.5mm (1⁄2in.)wide,1.5to 3.0mm (1⁄16to 1⁄8in.)thick,cut 75mm (3in.)long from smooth-surfaced,hard-temper,cold-finished copper of 99.9+%purity;electrical bus bar stock is generally suitable (see Appendix).The strips may be used repeatedly but should be discarded when the surfaces become deformed on handling.6.3.2Surface Preparation —Remove all surface blemishes from all six sides of the strip with silicon carbide paper of such degrees of fineness as are needed to accomplish the desired results efficiently.Finish with 65-µm (240-grit)silicon carbide paper or cloth,removing all marks that may have been made by other grades of paper used previously.Immerse the strip in wash solvent from which it can be withdrawn immediately for final preparation (polishing)or in which it can be stored for future use.6.3.2.1As a practical manual procedure for surface prepa-ration,place a sheet of the paper on a flat surface,moisten it with kerosine or wash solvent,and rub the strip against the paper with a rotary motion,protecting the strip from contact with the fingers with an ashless filter paper.Alternatively,the surface of the strip can be prepared by use of motor-driven machines using appropriate grades of dry paper or cloth.6.3.3Final Preparation —Remove a strip from the wash solvent.Holding it in the fingers protected with ashless filter paper,polish first the ends and then the sides with the 105-µm (150-mesh)silicon carbide grains picked up from a clean glass plate with a pad of cotton (cotton wool)moistened with a drop of wash solvent.Wipe vigorously with fresh pads of cotton (cotton wool)and subsequently handle only with stainless steel forceps;do not touch with the fingers.Clamp in a vise and polish the main surfaces with silicon-carbide grains on absor-bent cotton.Do not polish in a circular motion.Rub in the direction of the long axis of the strip,carrying the stroke beyond the end of the strip before reversing the direction.Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously with clean pads of absorbent cotton until a fresh pad remains unsoiled.When the strip is clean,immediately immerse it in the prepared sample.6.3.3.1It is important to polish the whole surface of the strip uniformly to obtain a uniformly stained strip.If the edges show wear (surface elliptical)they will likely show more corrosion than the center.The use of a vise (see Appendix)will facilitate uniform polishing.6.3.3.2It is important to follow the order of preparation with the correctly sized silicon carbide material as described in 6.3.2and 6.3.3.The final preparation is with 105-µm silicon carbide grains.This is a larger grain size than the 65micron paper used in the surface preparation stage.The reason for this use of larger silicon carbide grains in the final preparation is to produce asperities (controlled roughness)on the surface oftheFIG.1Copper Strip Corrosion TestBombcopper which acts as sites for the initiation of corrosion reactions.7.Corrosion Standards7.1ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards 4consist of reproductions in color of typical test strips representing in-creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion,the reproductions being encased in plastic in the form of a plaque.7.1.1Keep the plastic-encased printed ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards protected from light to avoid the possi-bility of fading.Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,one of which has been carefully protected from light (new).Observe both sets in diffused daylight (or equivalent)first from a point directly above and then from an angle of 45°.When any evidence of fading is observed,particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque,it is suggested that the one that is the more faded with respect to the other be discarded.7.1.1.1Alternatively,place a 20-mm (3⁄4-in.)opaque strip (masking tape)across the top of the colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased.At intervals remove the opaque strip and observe.When there is any evidence of fading of the exposed portion,it is suggested that the standards be replaced.7.1.1.2These plaques are full-color reproductions of typical strips.They have been printed on aluminum sheets by a 4-color process and are encased in plastic for protection.Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of each plaque.7.1.2If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessive scratching it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.8.Samples8.1It is particularly important that all types of fuel samples,which pass a low-tarnish strip classification,be collected in clean,dark glass bottles,plastic bottles,or other suitable containers that will not affect the corrosive properties of the fuel.Avoid the use of tin plate containers for collection of samples,since experience has shown that they may contribute to the corrosiveness of the sample.8.2Fill the containers as completely as possible and close them immediately after taking the sample.Take care during sampling to protect the samples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused daylight.Make the test as soon as possible after receipt in the laboratory and immediately after opening the container.8.3When suspended water (haze)is observed in the sample,dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample through a medium rapid qualitative filter,into the prescribed clean,dry test tube.Carry out this operation in a darkened room or under a light-protected shield.8.3.1Contact of the copper strip with water before,during,or after the completion of the test run,will cause staining,making it difficult to evaluate the strips.9.Procedure9.1Those product classes,to which given procedural varia-tions are intended to be applied,are listed below.Some productclasses,being quite broad,may be tested by more than one set of conditions;in such cases the copper strip quality require-ment for a given product should be limited to a single set of conditions.The conditions of time and temperature given below are those most commonly used and are quoted in the ASTM specifications for these products where such specifica-tions exist.However,other conditions can also be used as and when required by specifications or by agreement between parties.9.1.1For aviation gasoline,and aviation turbine fuel —Place 30mL of sample,completely clear and free of any suspended or entrained water (see 8.3)into a chemically clean,dry 25by 150-mm test tube,and within 1min after completing the final preparation (polishing),slide the copper strip into the sample tube.Carefully slide the sample tube into the test bomb (Fig.1)and screw the lid on pletely immerse the bomb in a boiling water bath at 10061°C (21262°F).After 2h 65min in the bath,withdraw the bomb and immerse for a few minutes in tap water.Open the bomb,withdraw the test tube and examine the strip as described in 9.2.9.1.2For natural gasoline —Carry out the test exactly as described in 9.1.1but at 40°C (104°F)and for 3h 65min.9.1.3For diesel fuel,fuel oil,automotive gasoline —Place 30mL of sample,completely clear and free of any suspended or entrained water (see 8.3),into a chemically clean,dry 25by 150-mm test tube and,within 1min after completing the final preparation (polishing),slide the copper strip into the sample tube.Stopper with a vented cork and place in a bath maintained at 5061°C (12262°F)(see 5.1.1).Protect the contents of the test tube from strong light during the test.After 3h 65min in the bath,examine the strip as described in 9.2.For tests on fuel oil and diesel fuel,to specifications other than Specifications D 396and D 975,a temperature of 100°C (212°F)for 3h is often used as an alternative set of conditions.9.1.4For cleaners (Stoddard)solvent and kerosine —Carry out the test exactly as described in 9.1.3but at 10061°C (21262°F).9.1.5For lubricating oil —Tests can be carried out for varying times and at elevated temperatures other than 100°C (212°F).For the sake of uniformity,it is suggested that even increments of 50°F beginning with 250°F (or Celsius equiva-lents to the nearest whole degree)be used.9.2Strip Examination :9.2.1Empty the contents of the test tube into a 150-mL tall-form beaker,letting the strip slide in gently so as to avoid breaking the beaker.Immediately withdraw the strip with stainless steel forceps and immerse in wash solvent.Withdraw the strip at once,dry with quantitative filter paper (by blotting and not by wiping),and inspect for evidences of tarnishing or corrosion by comparison with the Copper Strip Corrosion Standards.Hold both the test strip and the standard strip plaque in such a manner that light reflected from them at an angle of approximately 45°will be observed.9.2.2In handling the test strip during the inspection and comparison,the danger of marking or staining can be avoided if it is inserted in a flat glass tube (see Appendix X1)which can be stoppered with absorbent cotton.4Conforming to Copper Development Assn.(CDA),United States of America No.110,or to British Standard (BS)1036:1952,which have properquality.10.Interpretation10.1Interpret the corrosiveness of the sample accordingly as the appearance of the test strip agrees with one of the strips of the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards.10.1.1When a strip is in the obvious transition state between that indicated by any two adjacent standard strips,judge the sample by the more tarnished Standard Strip.Should a strip appear to have a darker orange color than Standard Strip 1b ,consider the observed strip as still belonging in Classifica-tion 1;however,if any evidence of red color is observed,the observed strip belongs in Classification 2.10.1.2A claret red strip in Classification 2can be mistaken for a magenta overcast on brassy strip in Classification 3if the brassy underlay of the latter is completely masked by a magenta overtone.To distinguish,immerse the strip in wash solvent;the former will appear as a dark orange strip while the latter will not change.10.1.3To distinguish multicolored strips in Classifications 2and 3,place a test strip in a 20by 150-mm test tube and bring to a temperature of 315to 370°C (600to 700°F)in 4to 6min with the tube lying on a hot plate.Adjust to temperature by observing a high distillation thermometer inserted into a second test tube.If the strip belongs in Classification 2,it willassume the color of a silver and then a gold strip,if in Classification 3it will take on the appearance of a transparent black,etc.,as described in Classification 4.10.1.4Repeat the test if blemishes due to finger prints are observed,or due to spots from any particles of water droplets that may have touched the test strip during the digestion period.10.1.5Repeat the test also if the sharp edges along the flat faces of the strip appear to be in a classification higher than the greater portion of the strip;in this case it is likely that the edges were burnished during preparation (polishing).11.Report11.1Report the corrosiveness in accordance with one of the classifications listed in Table 1.State the duration of the test and the test temperature.12.Precision and Bias12.1In the case of pass/fail data no generally accepted method for determining precision or bias is currently available.13.Keywords13.1automotive gasoline;aviation gasoline;aviation tur-bine fuel;copper corrosion;copper strip finish;corrosiveness to copper;natural gasolineTABLE 1Copper Strip ClassificationsClassification Designation Description AFreshly polished strip ...B1slight tarnisha.Light orange,almost the same as freshly polished stripb.Dark orange 2moderate tarnish a.Claret red ... vender... c.Multicolored with lavender blue or silver,or both,overlaid on claret red ... d.Silvery...e.Brassy or gold3dark tarnish a.Magenta overcast on brassy strip... b.Multicolored with red and green showing (peacock),but no gray4corrosion a.Transparent black,dark gray or brown with peacock green barely showing ... b.Graphite or lusterless black ...c.Glossy or jet blackAThe ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard is a colored reproduction of strips characteristic of these descriptions.BThe freshly polished strip is included in the series only as an indication of the appearance of a properly polished strip before a test run;it is not possible to duplicate this appearance after a test even with a completely noncorrosivesample.ANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1.COPPER QUALITYA1.1Copper QualityA1.1.1Hard-temper,cold-finished type-(ETP)electrolytic tough pitch copper.4A2.PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTA2.1IsooctaneHarmful if inhaled.Vapors may cause flash fire.Keep away from heat,sparks,and open flame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.2Aviation Turbine Fuel (Jet A or A-1,seeSpecification D 1655)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open flames.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin.A2.3Gasoline (Containing Lead)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open flame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion-proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.4Gasoline (White or Unleaded)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open flame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion-proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.5KerosineKeep away from heat,sparks,and open flame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin.A2.6Stoddard SolventKeep away from heat,sparks,and open flame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1.OPTIONAL USEFUL EQUIPMENTX1.1Viewing TubeX1.1.1A useful flat glass test tube for holding tarnished copper strips for inspection or for storage for later inspection is illustrated and dimensioned in Fig.X1.1.X1.2Strip ViseX1.2.1A useful and convenient vise for holding up to four copper strips during final polishing is illustrated and dimen-sioned in Fig.X1.2.FIG.X1.1Flat Glass Test TubeFIG.X1.2Multistrip ViseASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website ().。
铜腐实验操作规程(3篇)
第1篇一、实验目的本实验旨在了解铜腐蚀的原理，掌握铜腐蚀实验的操作方法，并通过实验观察和分析铜在不同环境条件下的腐蚀情况，从而加深对金属腐蚀防护知识的理解。
二、实验原理铜腐蚀是指铜及其合金在特定环境下发生的化学或电化学腐蚀现象。
实验通过模拟不同腐蚀环境，观察铜的腐蚀速率和形态，以评估腐蚀防护措施的效果。
三、实验材料与仪器1. 实验材料：- 铜片（纯度99.9%）- 盐酸（浓度1mol/L）- 硫酸（浓度1mol/L）- 硝酸（浓度1mol/L）- 蒸馏水- 环境模拟溶液（如海水、盐水等）2. 实验仪器：- 腐蚀测试装置- 分析天平- 温度计- 酸碱滴定仪- 移液管- 试管- 恒温水浴锅四、实验步骤1. 准备实验溶液：- 配制盐酸、硫酸、硝酸溶液，并标定浓度。
- 配制环境模拟溶液（如海水、盐水等）。
2. 样品准备：- 将铜片用砂纸打磨至表面光滑，去除氧化层。
- 用分析天平称取一定质量的铜片，记录数据。
3. 实验操作：- 将铜片分别放入装有不同腐蚀溶液的试管中，如盐酸、硫酸、硝酸和环境模拟溶液。
- 将试管放入恒温水浴锅中，设定温度（如室温）。
- 在一定时间间隔（如24小时）后，取出铜片，用蒸馏水冲洗干净，并用滤纸吸干。
4. 腐蚀程度分析：- 使用分析天平称量腐蚀后的铜片质量，计算腐蚀速率。
- 观察铜片表面腐蚀形态，记录观察结果。
5. 数据处理与分析：- 记录实验数据，包括腐蚀速率、腐蚀形态等。
- 对比不同腐蚀溶液对铜的腐蚀效果，分析腐蚀机理。
五、实验注意事项1. 操作过程中需佩戴防护眼镜、手套和实验服，以防化学品溅伤。
2. 实验操作需在通风良好的环境中进行，避免吸入有害气体。
3. 实验过程中注意控制温度，避免溶液过热。
4. 实验结束后，及时清洗实验器材，避免污染。
六、实验报告实验报告应包括以下内容：1. 实验目的和原理2. 实验材料与仪器3. 实验步骤4. 实验结果与分析5. 实验结论通过本实验，学生能够掌握铜腐蚀实验的操作方法，了解腐蚀机理，为今后的金属腐蚀防护研究奠定基础。
铜的电解腐蚀性能实验
数据处理：使用 合适的数据处理 软件，如Excel、 SPSS等，对数 据进行处理和分 析
数据准确性：确 保数据的准确性 和可靠性，避免 因数据错误导致 实验结果不准确
数据分析：根 据实验数据， 分析实验结果， 得出结论和结 论的依据。
0
0
0
0
1
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4
实验仪器和设备保养
定期检查仪器和设 备的性能和状态，
添加标题
电解液：硫酸铜溶液，浓度约10%
添加标题
电极：铜电极，表面光滑，尺寸合 适
添加标题
实验记录表：记录实验数据，便于 分析
电解腐蚀装置搭建
准备材料：铜片、电解液、 电源、电极等
添加标题
调整电解液浓度：根据实验 要求调整电解液浓度
添加标题
关闭电源：实验结束后，关 闭电源，取出铜片进行观察
和分析
启动电源：打开电源，开始 电解腐蚀实验
01
02
03
04
05
06
实验结论
铜的电解腐蚀性能总结
01
02
03
04
05
06
铜在酸性环 境中容易被
腐蚀
铜在碱性环 境中腐蚀速
度较慢
铜在氧化性 环境中腐蚀
速度较快
铜在还原性 环境中腐蚀
速度较慢
铜的腐蚀速 度与温度、 浓度等因素
有关
铜的腐蚀性 能与其表面 状态有关， 如表面粗糙 度、表面氧
化膜等
实验因素对铜腐蚀的影响规律
腐蚀电流：金属在电解质 溶液中发生电化学反应的
电流
关系：腐蚀速率与腐蚀电 流成正比，即腐蚀电流越
大，腐蚀速率越快
影响因素：电解质溶液的 浓度、温度、pH值等
石油产品铜片腐蚀测定方法步骤
石油产品铜片腐蚀测定方法步骤仪器、材料、试剂准备1.铜片腐蚀测定仪2.带胶塞的试管3.比色试管：扁平型，实验结束供检验，或储存期间供盛放腐蚀的铜片用4.夹具:供磨片时夹住铜片而不损坏边缘用5.温度计6.磨光材料：碳化硅或氧化铝砂纸7.不锈钢试验弹8.铜片：纯度大于99.99%的电解铜9.定量滤纸：吸干滤纸上的洗涤溶剂10.不锈钢镊子11.洗涤溶剂：分析纯异辛烷或标准异辛烷12.高型烧杯13.腐蚀标准色板：避光存放实验准备1.铜片处理：用碳化硅或氧化铝砂纸把铜片六面瑕疵去掉，经过打磨后的铜片要求无瑕疵、无污斑、无金属屑，颜色均匀；2.用定量滤纸擦去铜片上的金属屑后，将铜片浸泡在洗涤溶剂中；3.从洗涤溶剂中取出铜片，用一滴洗涤剂湿润铜片，并用一块脱脂棉擦铜片，以除去所有金属屑；4.铜片腐蚀仪器设备检查（1）检查仪器电源、机壳是否接地良好；（2）检查水浴是否达到试验操作要求水位；（3）检查浴内温度传感器是否正常；实验步骤1.将试验仪器放置平稳，接通电源，使水浴温度维持在50O C±1O C；2.把被测油样倒入清洁、干燥的试管中；3.将经过最后磨光、干净的铜片在1分钟内浸入该试管的试样中；4.把该试管放到温度维持在50O C±1O C的水浴中，记录实验开始时间；5.在水浴中放置3小时±5分钟后，从仪器中取出装有铜片的试管；6.用不锈钢镊子立即将铜片从试管中取出，浸入放有洗涤溶剂的高烧杯中，洗去试样；7.立即取出铜片，用定量滤纸吸干铜片上的洗涤溶剂；8.把铜片与腐蚀标准色板比较，来检查变色或腐蚀迹象，比较时，可将铜片放在扁平试管中，将铜片和腐蚀标准色板对光线成45O角折射的方式拿持，进行观察实验结果。
石油产品铜片腐蚀试验法(GB-T5096-1985)
测定原理
• 把一块已磨光好的铜片浸没在一定量的试
样中，并按产品标准要求加热到指定的温 度，保持一定的时间。待试验周期结束时， 取出铜片，经洗涤后与腐蚀标准色板进行 比较，确定腐蚀级别。
实验仪器
• 试验弹：用不锈钢制作，并能承受689干帕斯卡试验表压 。 • 试管：长150毫米，外径25毫米，壁厚1～2毫米。在试管 30毫升处刻一环线。 • 水浴或其他液体浴(或铝块浴)：能维持在试验所需的温度 40、50或100±l℃(或其他所需的温度)范围内，有合适的 支架能支持试验弹保持在垂直的位置，并使整个试验弹能 浸没在浴液中。有合适的支架能支持住试管在垂直位置， 并浸没至浴液中约l00毫米深度。 • 磨片夹钳或夹具：供磨片时牢固地夹住铜片而不损坏边缘 用。只要能夹紧铜片，并使要磨光的铜片表面能高出夹具 表面的任何形式的夹具都可以使用。 • 观察试管：扁平形，在试验结束时，供检验用或在贮存期 间供盛放腐蚀的铜片用 。
腐蚀标准色板
• 本方法用的腐蚀标准色板是由全色加工复制而成的。它是 在一块铝薄板上印刷四色加工而成，腐蚀标准色板是由代 表失去光泽表面和腐蚀增加程度的典型试验铜片组成(见 下表)。为了保护起见，这些腐蚀标准色板嵌在塑料板中。 在每块标准色板的反面给出了腐蚀标准色板的使用说明。 为了避免色板可能褪色，腐蚀标准色板应避光存放。试验 用的腐蚀标准色板要用另一块在避光下仔细地保护的(新 的)腐蚀标准色板与它进行比较来检查其褪色情况。在散 射的日光(或与散射的日光相当的光线)下，对色板进行观 察：先从上方直接看，然后再从45度角看。如果观察到有 任何褪色的迹象，特别是在腐蚀标准色板的最左边的色板 有这种迹象，则废弃这块色板。
实验步骤
• 把试管的内容物倒入150毫升高型烧杯中，倒时 要让铜片轻轻地滑入，以避免碰破烧杯。用不锈 钢镊子立即将铜片取出，浸入洗涤溶剂中，洗去 试样。立即取出铜片，用定量滤纸吸干铜片上的 洗涤溶剂。把铜片与腐蚀标准色板比较来检查变 色或腐蚀迹象。比较时，把铜片和腐蚀标准色板 对光线成45度角折射的方式拿持，进行观察。
石油产品铜片腐蚀性测试及综合实验设计
石油产品铜片腐蚀性测试及综合实验设计
1.实验目的：
通过测试石油产品对铜片的腐蚀性能，评估其对金属材料的损伤程度，并设计综合实验以验证不同条件下的腐蚀性能。
2.实验材料：
-不同种类的石油产品样品
-铜片
-实验设备和仪器：例如恒温恒湿箱、电子天平、显微镜等
3.实验步骤：
a.准备铜片样品：使用无尘纸擦拭铜片表面，确保干净无污染。
b.将不同种类的石油产品样品分别涂抹在铜片上，涂层均匀。
c.将涂有石油产品的铜片置于恒温恒湿箱中，设定一定的温度和湿度条件。
d.定期观察铜片表面的变化，记录腐蚀情况，可以使用显微镜观察细节。
e.根据实验需要，可以改变温度、湿度或使用不同浓度的石油产品来进行对比实验。
f.实验结束后，使用电子天平测量铜片的质量变化，评估腐蚀程度。
4.实验结果分析：
a.比较不同石油产品样品对铜片的腐蚀性能，分析其腐蚀程度和差异。
b.对于综合实验设计，可以探究不同温度、湿度、石油产品浓度对腐蚀性能的影响，分析相关规律。
5.实验结论：
根据实验结果，可以得出不同石油产品对铜片的腐蚀性能，以及其受温度、湿度等条件变化的影响。
这些结论有助于评估石油产品的腐蚀性能，并为相关行业提供参考和指导。
油品铜片腐蚀测试方法
油品铜片腐蚀测试方法
石油产品铜片腐蚀试验是目前工业润滑油最主要的腐蚀性测定法，科标能源实验室是专业的第三方检测机构，专注于油品检测，同样也是采用此方法测定油品的腐蚀性能。
检测标准方法
GB/T5096
ASTM D130
ISO2160
SH/T0195
试验方法概要是：
把一块已磨光好的铜片浸没在一定量的试样中，并按产品标准要求加热到指定的温度，保持一定的时间。
待试验周期结束时，取出铜片，在洗涤后与标准色板进行比较，确定腐蚀级别。
工业润滑油常用的试验条件为100℃（或120℃），3h。
1、试验铜片放入试管油样中，恒温50摄氏度+1，放置3hr+5min对照腐蚀标准色板。
分级（1a、1b、2a、2b、2c、2d、2e、3a、3b、3c、4a、4b）。
2.指标为在100℃+1,3h条件下将铜片置于被测溶液中，试验过程中铜片表面受待测式样的侵蚀程度，腐蚀程度共分四级；
1：轻度变色----------淡橙色，几乎与新麽的铜片一样；深橙色
2：中度变色----------紫红色；淡红色；带有淡紫色或银色，或两种都有，并分别覆盖在紫红色上的多彩色；银色；黄铜色或金黄色
3：深度变色-----------洋红色覆盖在黄铜色上的多彩色；有红和绿显示的多彩色（孔雀绿），但不带灰色
4：腐蚀---------------透明的黑色，深灰色或仅带有孔雀绿的棕色；石墨黑色或无光泽的黑色；有光泽的黑色或乌黑发亮的黑色。
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铜片腐蚀试验操作规程
试验前的准备：
1、试片的制备：
先用碳化硅或氧化铝（刚玉）砂纸（或纱布）把铜片六个面上的瑕疵去掉。
再用65微米（240粒度）的碳化硅或氧化铝（刚玉）砂纸（或纱布）处理，以除去在此以前用其他等级砂纸留下的打磨痕迹。
打磨时，把一张砂纸放在平坦的表面上，用煤油或洗涤溶剂湿润砂纸，以旋转的动作将铜片对着砂纸摩擦，用无灰滤纸或夹钳夹持。
以防止铜片与手指接触。
打磨完用定量滤纸擦区铜片上的金属屑，把铜片浸没在洗涤溶剂中备用。
2、取样：
容器要尽可能装满试样，取样后立即盖上，取样时要小心，防止试样暴露于直接的阳光下，甚至散射的日光下。
实验室收到试样后，在打开容器后尽快进行实验。
试验步骤：
1、把完全清澈和无任何悬浮水或无内含水的试样倒入清洁、干燥的试管
中30毫升刻线处，并将经过最后磨光的干净的铜片在1分钟内浸入该试管的试样中。
用一个有排气孔的软木塞塞住试管。
把该试管放到50±1℃的水浴中。
在浴中放置3小时±5分钟后，按下步检查铜片。
2、试管的内容物倒入150毫升高型烧杯中，倒时要让铜片轻轻地滑入，
以免碰破烧杯。
用不锈钢镊子立即将铜片取出，浸入洗涤溶剂中，洗去试样。
立即取出铜片，用定量滤纸吸干铜片上的洗涤溶剂。
把铜片
放入扁平试管中，用棉花塞住管口，把铜片与腐蚀标准色板比较来检查变色或腐蚀迹象。
比较时，铜片和腐蚀标准色板对光线成45度角的折射方式拿持，进行观察。
腐蚀铜片变色说明
当铜片是介于两种相邻的标准色板之间的腐蚀级别时，则按变色严重的腐蚀级别来判断试样。