英语直接引语和间接引语
(完整版)英语语法----直接引语和间接引语

英语语法----直接引语和间接引语一、 定义:1、 直接引语:使用引号引出别人的原话。
2、间接引语:用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。
二、 直接引语和间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。
1、 人称变化口诀如下:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。
“一随主”即把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I ,me ,my ,mine ,we ,us ,our ,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
“二随宾”即把直接引语中的第二人称(you ,your ,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。
“第三人称不更新”即直接引语中的第三人称(he ,him ,his ,she ,her ,hers,it ,its,they,their ,theirs ,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
一随主:He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。
→liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。
(I 改为he, it 不变)二随宾:He said, “You told me this story.”他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。
”→He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。
(本句中宾语是me ,所以You 改为I , me 改为him, told 改为had told)She said to Mary ,”How do you ?”go to work everyday?” →She asked Mary how she went to work everyday. 第三人称不更新:He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room ”.他对我说:“她把书放在你的房间里去了。
英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1直接引语:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语。
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。
例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” XXX先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语)Mr Black said that he was XXX.XXX先生说他很忙。
(间接引语)1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。
在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练时,要特别注意句子的意义。
1)人称的变化a)He said, “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它。
”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。
b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说:“我把书放在你的房间里了。
”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。
2)时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。
如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。
时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I XXX work.”He said that he was XXX.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using XXX.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般曩昔时→曩昔完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had XXX”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化:变革例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "XXX."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day本日-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."XXX.XXX-the day before今天-前一天she said, "I went there XXX."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注:(1)直接引语如果是客观谬误,变成直接引语时,时态稳定。
英语直接引语和间接引语

主 句主的人称保 Tennis.”
she liked tennis.
持一致
二 随 宾
引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致
He said toLily, “ you must get up early.”
He told Lily that she must get up early.
The children didn't know who he was. 三如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实普遍真理自 然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态, 从句时态都用一般现在时。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
D. if he heard…the week ago
Sandy said to her friends that I don’t like
computers. said
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
一.“I never eat meat.” he said.
Indirect Speech间接引语
She said she liked singing. She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用
that引导宾语从句.用sayto me,tell,
第三 人称 不变
引号内的第三人 She said to
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语直接引语(Direct Speech)和间接引语(Indirect Speech)是英语语法中重要的知识点。
在日常交流和书面表达中,人们经常使用直接引语和间接引语来引述他人的话语内容。
本文将对直接引语和间接引语进行归纳总结,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种引语形式。
一. 直接引语(Direct Speech)直接引语是将别人的原话直接引述出来的表达方式。
它通常使用引号将原话包裹起来,并在引号前后使用逗号或句号作为标点符号。
直接引语的语气直接、生动,可以准确地传递原始信息。
1. 表达方式:Tom said, "I like chocolate."2. 特点:- 使用引号标注原话;- 使用逗号或句号标点;- 保留原话的时态、人称和语气。
3. 例句:a) She asked, "What time is it?"b) He shouted, "Stop!"二. 间接引语(Indirect Speech)间接引语是将别人的话转述成自己的话的表达方式,同时改变动词的时态、人称以及其他相关的语言表达手法。
与直接引语相比,间接引语更加客观,不再保留原始语气和说话者的个人情感。
1. 表达方式:Tom said that he liked chocolate.2. 特点:- 去除引号,没有标点符号的限制;- 改变动词的时态、人称和语气;- 可能需要改变疑问句的语序。
3. 例句:a) She asked what time it was.b) He shouted to stop.三. 直接引语转换为间接引语的规则1. 时态转换:- 一般现在时变为一般过去时;- 现在进行时变为过去进行时;- 一般过去时变为过去完成时;- 现在完成时变为过去完成时;- 将来时变为将来过去时。
2. 人称变化:- 第一人称变为第三人称;- 第二人称不变化;- 第三人称根据实际情况变化。
英语直接引语和间接引语用法

英语直接引语和间接引语用法在英语的学习中,有很多的关于语法的知识点,下面店铺的小编将为大家带来关于直接引语和间接引语的用法介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
英语直接引语和间接引语用法介绍一、概述引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法:直接引述别人的原话,这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。
用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语(indirect speech)。
一般地讲,直接引语前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号,而用宾语从句来表达。
Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说:“我很忙”。
(直接引语)Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。
(宾语从句是间接引语)从上例看来,直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外,还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化,如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。
现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下:二、直接引语是陈述句时直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that 在口语中常省去),that从句之前用say、tell等动词,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
1、人称的变化直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化,把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
把直接引语中的第二人称(you,your,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。
直接引语中的第三人称(he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,their,theirs,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。
英语中的直接引语和间接引语

英语中的直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语的概念1. 直接引语- 直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话,被引用的部分通常放在引号内。
例如:He said, "I am going to the park." 在这个句子中,“I am going to the park.”就是直接引语,它原封不动地呈现了说话者所说的内容。
2. 间接引语- 间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,不用引号。
例如:He said that he was going to the park. 这里“he was going to the park”就是间接引语,它是对原句“He said, 'I am going to the park.'”的转述。
二、直接引语变间接引语的变化规则1. 人称的变化- 如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称(I或we),在变为间接引语时,要根据句子的意思相应地变为第三人称(he/she或they)。
- 例如:- 直接引语:I said, "I like this book."- 间接引语:I said that I liked this book.(这里因为主语都是I,人称不变,但如果是He said, "I like this book." 变为间接引语就是He said that he liked this book.)- 如果直接引语中的第二人称(you),在变为间接引语时,要根据转述者和听话者的关系变为第一人称(I/we)或第三人称(he/she/they)。
- 例如:- 直接引语:He said to me, "You are a good student."- 间接引语:He told me that I was a good student.- 直接引语:He said to her, "You should study hard."- 间接引语:He told her that she should study hard.2. 时态的变化- 一般现在时变为一般过去时。
什么是直接引语和间接引语

什么是直接引语和间接引语?直接引语(Direct Speech)和间接引语(Indirect Speech)是英语中用来引述他人的话语的两种方式。
它们有不同的语法结构和用法。
下面是关于直接引语和间接引语的详细解释和使用指导:1. 直接引语:直接引语是将别人的话语直接引用,使用引号将其括起来。
直接引语保留了原始说话者的原话,包括时态、人称和语气。
例如,直接引语可以是:"I love watching movies," she said ("我喜欢看电影,"她说)。
2. 间接引语:间接引语是将别人的话语转述成自己的话,不使用引号。
间接引语通常以动词引导,如say、tell、ask等,并引入一个从句来表示所引述的内容。
间接引语通常改变了时态、人称和语气。
例如,间接引语可以是:She said that she loved watching movies(她说她喜欢看电影)。
3. 直接引语和间接引语的转换:在将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几个方面:-时态的变化:一般情况下,时态会发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
例如,一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。
-人称的变化:人称也会发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
例如,第一人称变为第三人称,第二人称根据情况变为第三人称或保持不变。
-代词的变化:代词也需要根据情况进行变化。
例如,第一人称的代词"I"变为第三人称的代词"he/she",第二人称的代词"you"根据情况变为第三人称的代词或保持不变。
-时间和地点的变化:时间和地点也可能发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
4. 引导词的变化:在间接引语中,引导词通常用来引导从句,并在引语中提供信息。
例如,"She said, 'I love watching movies'"("她说,'我喜欢看电影'")可以转换为"She said that she loved watching movies"(她说她喜欢看电影)。
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语的用法区别

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语的用法区别直接引语和间接引语是英语中常用的两种引述方式。
直接引语是直接引用别人说的话或者写的句子,用引号将其括起来。
而间接引语则是将他人的话或者句子用自己的话来转述。
直接引语的用法如下所示:1. 引用别人的陈述句:"I like playing basketball," Tom said.(“我喜欢打篮球,”汤姆说。
)2. 引用别人的一般疑问句:"Are you coming to the party?" Lucy asked.(“你要来参加聚会吗?”露西问道。
)3. 引用别人的选择疑问句:"Do you want tea or coffee?" the waiter asked.(“你要茶还是咖啡?”服务员问道。
)4. 引用别人的命令句:"Don't touch that!" the teacher shouted.(“不要碰那个!”老师大声喊道。
)5. 引用别人的祈使句:"Please be quiet," the librarian said.(“请安静,”图书管理员说道。
)6. 引用别人的感叹句:"What a beautiful garden!" Mary exclaimed.(“多么美丽的花园啊!”玛丽惊叹道。
)直接引语的主要特点是用引号括起来,并使用相应的引号标点符号。
间接引语的用法如下所示:1. 陈述句的间接引语:Tom said that he liked playing basketball.(汤姆说他喜欢打篮球。
)2. 一般疑问句的间接引语:Lucy asked if I was coming to the party.(露西问我是否要来参加聚会。
)3. 选择疑问句的间接引语:The waiter asked if I wanted tea or coffee.(服务员问我想要茶还是咖啡。
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直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1直接引语:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语。
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。
例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” 布莱克先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语) Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。
(间接引语)1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。
在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时,要特别注意句子的意义。
1)人称的变化a) He said, “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它。
”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。
b) He said to me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说:“我把书放在你的房间里了。
”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。
2)时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。
如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。
时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I can't finish this work.”He said that he was afraid he couldn't finish that work.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using the knife.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般过去时→过去完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化:变化例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "These books are mine."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day今天-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."He said that he hadn't seen her that day.yesterday-the day before昨天-前一天she said, "I went there yesterday."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day. here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注:(1)直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变。
如:He said, "Light travels much faster than sound."He said that light travels much faster than sound.(2)如果在当地转述,here 不必改为there,动词come 不必改为go. 如果在当天转述yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。
直接引语变间接引语。
见下表。
分类连接词例句注意事项补充说明当直接引语为“陈述句”时连接词:that(口语中常常省略)He says, “ I will go to the park tomorrow.”--He says (that) he will go to the park tomorrow.He said, “ I will go to the park tomorrow.”--He said (that) he would go to the park tomorrow.He said to me, “ you can help her.”--He said to me (that) I could help her.. 1. 连接词:that2. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变3. 时态。
1. 黑体部分是连接词。
斜体部分为间接引语部分。
2. 间接引语部分均为陈述语序。
3. 间接引语部分实际上是宾语从句,连接词之间的叫主句。
4. 当主句是一般现在时态,间接引语部分与直接引语的时态相同。
5. 当主句是一般过去时态,间接引语部分变为相应的过去时态。
当直接引语是“一般疑问句”时。
连接词:if或者whether.可译为:是否 He asked me, “Are you good at math?’---He asked me if I was good at math.He asked Amy, “ Do you love me?”---He asked Amy whether she loved him.He asks me, “Is she reading?”---He asks me if she is reading. 1. 连接词:if , whether2. 语序:改为“陈述语序”。
(去掉:Do, Does, Did改变Are, Is, Will, Can…位置)3. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变4. 时态。
当直接引语为“特殊疑问句”时。
连接词:直接引语中的特殊疑问词。
He asked his wife, “How are you?”---He asked his wife how she was.He asked me , “ What color do you like?”---He asked me what color I liked.He asks me, “ where will she go 3 days later.”---He asks me where she will go 3 days later. 1. 连接词:特殊疑问词2. 语序:改为“陈述语序”。
(去掉:Do, Does, Did改变Are, Is, Will, Can…位置)3. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变4. 时态。
当直接引语为“祈使句”时没有连接词。
用: ask(tell) sb. to do sth改写。
或tell (ask) sb. not to do sth. 改写 He s aid to Amy, “Be careful!”--He asked Amy to be careful.He shouted, “ Lily, Close the door.”--He told Lily to close the door.He said to me, “Don’t be late.”--He asked me not to be late. 1. 不用连接词2. 不改变时态。
3. 无须考虑语序4. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变 1. 斜体部分为间接引语部分。
2.间接引语部分是动词不定式,在句中作宾语补足语。
重点概括:直接引语变间接引语有着时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语的变化。
1.时态变化:直接引语:一般现在时间接引语:一般过去时直接引语:现在进行时间接引语:过去进行时直接引语:一般将来时间接引语:过去将来时直接引语:现在完成时间接引语:过去完成时直接引语:一般过去时间接引语:过去完成时2.人称变化:She asked Jack,"Where have you been?"She asked Jack where he had been.3.指示代词的变化:thisthat;thesethoseHe said," These books are mine."He said that those books were his.4.时间状语的变化:nowthen;todaythat day;yesterdaythe day before;tomorrowthe next day/the following dayMy father said,“I worked here twenty years ago."My father said that he had worked there twenty years before.5.地点状语的变化:herethereHe asked me,“How can I get here?"He asked me how he could get there.直接引语变间接引语的句式变化:1.陈述句:间接引语用that连接或that连接词省略。
2.一般疑问句:间接引语用if或whether, said改为asked,句子用陈述语序。
3.特殊疑问句:间接引语用原来的特殊疑问词引导,句子用陈述句语序。