高一英语期末复习资料

高一英语复习资料目录:第01章名词第02章主谓一致第03章动词时态第04章被动语态第05章非谓语动词第06章名词性从句第07章定语从句第08章状语从句期末复习计划安排专题复习重点建议时间名词名词复数、名词辨析主谓一致就近、就远原则1h3h时态各时态标志词、现在完成时、过去完成时2h被动语态被动语态与时态混合考、主动表被动、get/have+done1h非谓语动词动名词、不定式、过去分词、现在分词2h名词性从句It做形式主语、宾语，whether /if、which/that用法区别，2h定语从句非限制定语从句、which/that用法区别状语从句结果、条件、目的、方式2h第一章 名词在英语中，名词用以表示人或事物的名称，是各级各类考试的热点之一，主要测试考生辨析近义词和近形词的能力。

名词不但有单复数的变化，而且有普通名词和专有名词之分，还有用法独待的所有格形式。

1〕物质名词a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。

比较：Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。

(不可数) These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。

(可数)当名词为：词尾变化 例 词 1.一般情况加s chip s 碎片, jeep s , pat s 〔友善的〕轻拍，拍打, clock s boy s , sharpener s 磨床,磨器,磨具, sofa s (长)沙发, student-student s bed-bed s 2.以s,z,x,ch,sh 结尾的单词加es watch es , box es , class es , brush es, bus es, fox es , branch es 树枝, match es 火柴, bush es 灌木丛, brush es 刷子, quiz es 小测验,3.以字母o结尾的单词多数加s ，“元音字母+o ”结尾的词，一概加-s ,zoo s , photo s , bamboo s 竹子, radio-radio s ,curio s 小件珍奇物品,rodeo s , tattoo s 文身；刺青 少数以o 结尾的词后需加-es tomato es 蕃茄, potato es , hero es , mango s 〔或mango es 〕芒果，zero---zero s 或zero es,Negro-Negro es 黑人.motto 格言-motto es ． 注：加es 的有：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿4.以辅音字母+y 结尾单词 以辅音字母+y 结尾单词去y 变i 加es dictionar ies , strawberr ies , baby-bab ies , story-stor ies , lady 女士-lad ies ,body 身体-bod ies ,city 城市-cit ies , country 国家-countr ies party 聚会-part ies,元音字母+y 结尾名词在y 后面加s boy 男孩-boy s ,day 日子-day s ,key 钥匙-key s ,toy 玩具-toy s way 方法-way s ,donkey 驴子-donkey s , monkey 猴子-monkey s5.以f 或fe 结尾的单词 多数直接加-s cliff 悬崖-cliff s ，proof 证据-proof s ,safe 保险柜-safe s ,roof 屋顶-roof s ,chef 厨师-chef s ,belief 信念-belief s , chief 首领-chief s , rgulf 海湾-gulf s handchife 手帕注：海湾屋顶悬崖上，首领奴仆两相忘，谁叫他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上去f 或fe 变v 加 esknife 刀-kni ves ,leaf 树叶-lea ves ,half 一半-hal ves ,life 生命-li ves ,shelf 架子-shel ves ,wolf 狼-wol ves ,wife 妻子-wi ves ; 纸巾-handkerchief s 或handkerchie ves, elf 小妖精-elv es ,calf 腿肚子- calv es ,thief 小偷-thiev es , loaf 一条[块]面包-loa ves , self 自我-sel vesb. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。

This factory produces steel. (不可数) We need various steels. (可数)c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。

Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。

我国因茶叶而闻名。

2〕 抽象名词有时也可数。

four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations 四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。

如： a glass of water 一杯水 a piece of advice 一条建议名词作定语一般用单数，但也有例外。

1) 用复数作定语。

如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages school 外语学校2) man, woman, gentleman 等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

如：men workers women teachers gentlemen officials3) 有些原有s 结尾的名词，作定语时，s 保留。

如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产4) 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。

如：two-dozen eggs 两打/〔二十四个鸡蛋〕a ten-mile walk 十里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树a five-year plan. 一个五年计划〔注：中日不变英法变，其余S 加后面〕在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book 。

名词所有格的规则如下：1〕单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s ，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。

2〕假设名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'"，如：the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。

3〕 凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。

4〕在表示店铺或教堂名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。

5〕 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's ，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's ，则表示'共有'。

如：John's and Mary's room 〔两间〕 John and Mary's room 〔一间〕名称 总称(谓语用复数〕 一个人 两个人中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 澳大利亚人 the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 名称 总称(谓语用复数〕 一个人 两个人 美国人 the Americans an American two Americans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen名词练习一、写出以下词语的复数1、orange2、class3、sheep4、monkey5、piano6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife二、所有格填空练习1. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.A. rooms numberB. Room numberC. Room’s numberD. Room numbers2. The newly-built library is a ______ building.A. five-storeyB. Five storeysC. Five-storey’sD. Five storeys’3. --- Whose umbrella is it?--- It’s _______.A. some body else’sB. Somebody elseC. Somebody’s else’sD. Somebody’s else4. I feel terribly hot, What’s the _____?A. temperature of roomB. Room’s temperatureC. Room temperatureD. Temperature of room’s5. _______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A. The evensB. The Evens’C. The EvensesD. The Evenses’6.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.A. Mary’s sisterB. Mary sister’sC. Mary’s sister’sD. Sister of Mary’s7. The woman over there is ______ mother.A. Julia and Shelley’sB. Julia’s and Shelley’sC. Julia and ShelleyD. Julia’s and Shelley8. He is very tired. He needs ______.A. a night restB. a rest nightC. a night’s restD. a rest of night9．---Excuse me，where are _______ offices?---Over there．A．teacher’s B．teachers’C．the teacher’s D．the teachers’10. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes round shape into a teardrop shape.A. of the dropB. the drop’sC. drop ofD. drops theKeys:1-5ADAAB 6-10AACDB 11-15BBBBD三、名词综合1、There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch. [广东省]A. newsB. ideasC. messagesD. thoughts2、My uncle will come to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him．[济宁] A．meat B．tomatoes C．apple juice3、——Would you like to have a look at some pants?They may fit you well．一Well，I'd like to try those blue__________.[黄冈]A．pairs B．one C．pant D．pair4、―Would you lik e some drinks, boys?[ 河北] ―Yes,, please.A.some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD.two bottles of orange5、 exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. [黄冈]A. What an, aB. What, aC. How an, theD. How, the6、_________fathers are both scientists．[ 咸宁]A．Jim's and Bob B．Jim's and Bob's C．Jim and Bob's D．Jim and Bob7、_____room is big and bright．They like it very much．[河北]A．Tom and Sam B．Tom's find Sam C．Tom and Sam's D．Tom's and Sam's8、---Look, the tall building looks very modern.---Yes, and there is a garden on its ___________. A garden in the air! [河南省]A. topB. groundC. sideD. floor9、一How can I tell one tree from another?一You can mostly tell them by the _________of their leaves．[07武汉市]A．shape B size C．age D color10、---Oh! There isn't enough _________ for us in the bus.---No hurry. Let's wait for the next. [昆明市]A.seatB. landC. roomD. floor1-5ABADB 6-10BCAAC第二章主谓一致主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。