名词性从句复习讲解

当主语从句较长时，多放在句子后 部，用 it 作形式主语。
以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常 用句型有：
1. It+be+形容词+that从句 It is/was certain that – clause clear important necessary probable possible
（1）It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
I was pleased by what he told me.
He always pays attention to whatever the teacher says.
He told of how he helped the old woman to find her missing son.
比较下列两句话：
Is it because we are closer to the sun in summer than we are in winter.
The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.
3、宾语从句
1、用作及物动词的宾语
(1) They pretended that they were reading in the room. (2) I didn’t know what they were talking about.
have won the game.
3、It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said that – clause reported thought hoped believed known
(1) It is said that he is the best student in the class.
功能
例词
从属 连词
只起连接作 用，不充当从 句中的任何作 用。
that, whether, if，as if（只用 于表词从句）
连接 代词
功能
既起连接作用 ，本身又做从 句的主语、宾 语、表语或定 语。
例词
Who,whom, whose,what,
which
功能
例词
连接 副词
既起连接作用 ，本身又做从 句的状语。
2、表语从句：
(1) This was what Tom was reading. (2) The truth is that I have never been there. (3) It looks as if it is going to rain. (4) The reason why he was late was that he got up late. (5) This is how we overcame the difficulties. (6) That is why she was absent yesterday. (7) The house is where Lu Xun once lived.

注意：如果宾语从句后边还有宾 语补足语，则用it作形式宾语而将宾语 从句后置。如：
(1) We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
(2) He has made it clear that anyone who breaks the law is to be punished.
引导宾语从句的连词that常可省 去，特别在口语中是这样。
注意：
whether 和 if 引导的宾语从句：
whether 和 if 引导宾语从句时可 以互换使用，但下列情况用whether 不用if。
（1） 在whether or not结构中不可 用if代替whether
I don’t know whether or not he’ll come.
Noun Clause 名词性从句
名词性从句
1、本讲内容： 学习名词性从句。
2、学习要求： （1）掌握名词性从句的种类。 （2）引导名词性从句的连接词。 （3）初步学会运用名词性从句。
4、典型例题解析：
名词性从句包括主语从句、表 语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 它的功能相当于名词，引导名词性 从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下 三类。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
The question is whether it is worth doing.
(4) whether 可用在不定式前，if 则不能.
Please tell me whether to go or not.
2、用作介词的宾语从句：
I wonder whether it is true or not.
（2）介词后面的宾语从句用whether， 不用if
Everything depends on whether the situation will improve.（后面要讲 到介词后面的宾语从句）
（3）引导主语从句和表语从句用 whether不用if
（2） It is probable that he told me everything.
2、It + be + 名词词组 + that从句
It is / was a pity that – clause shame duty
(1) It is a pity that we can’t go. (2) It is no surprise that our team should
when,where, why,how 用how组成的
词组，如： how many, how much
1、主词从句 (1) That he will come is certain. (2) Whether she is coming or not doesn’t
matter too much. (3) What surprised me most was to see
注意：介词的宾语从句一般不用 which和if来引导，而要分别用what和 whether来引导。如：
Are you sorry for what you’ve done? which不可以
Everything depends on whether we have enough experience. 不可用if
(3) Do you know why winter is colder than summer? (4) He couldn’t tell where his home was.
(5) John made the boy sit still, promising that nothing would hurt him.
(2) It is thought that Joe drives badly.
4、It + seem, happen, appear等不及物 动词 + that从句。
(1) It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.
(2) It happened that I was out that day.
(1) They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.
(2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.
(3) The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.
这种句型的谓语动词有 think, make, feel, find, consider.
4、同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某些名词的 同位语，这些名词常见的有，fact, news, hope, truth, idea, suggestion, thought, question, order, problem, belief, doubt, fear等。引导同位语从 句的连词通常有that和whether, what, why, how…等。
some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.
(4) Which team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
(5) Where she has gone is not known yet.
(4) They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
(5) They problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
(3) Everyone was afraid that someone might find out that he could see nothing.
(4) Mother was very pleased (that) her daughter had passed the entrance exams.
3、用作某些形容词的宾语从句：
这类形容词常见的有sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等。
(1) I am sure you looked beautiful that evening.