高中英语语法填空常考点精讲精练知识讲解

派生词部分

语法填空中有些单词变形侧重于考查构词法，主要是派生构成法。

派生法（derivation）是英语中重要的构词法，它借助在词干上加词缀的办法来构成新的单词。一个单词的基本部分称为词干（stem），加在词干前面的部分称为前缀（prefix），加在词干后面的部分成为后缀（suffix）。一般来说，前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。如：在repayment（偿还）一词中，pay付钱，是词干；re-有“返还”之意，是前缀，改变词义；-ment 是后缀，改变词性为名词。

英语中派生词很多。这里我们只能把常考的派生词按词缀进行归类练习，以提高我们掌握、识记单词的能力。把课本生词表中的生词记牢才是备考的上策。

第 1 讲常见前缀

1.This may sound ____ (convenient), but English people

are used to doing so.

2.Meanwhile, the editor was getting ____(patience), for the

magazine would soon go to press.

3.If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of boredom

will build up, leading eventually to ____(patience) and fatigue.

4.My motto also makes me become an ____ (depend)

person.

5.Faridabad is very poor and most people don’t have air

conditioners or even electric fans. Besides, electricity is often cut off____ (expect).

6.Something ____ (believe) happened on the plane.

7.Do not carry too much money or ____ (necessity) credit

cards.

8.Although ____ (able) to publish at that time, he

circulated(使传阅) three photocopied collections of his work.

9.The student or any other person, may come back to his

work tired and ____ (interested).

10.People were ____ (familiar) with this product at the

beginning, and made many guesses at how it was produced.

11.Staring out of the window, my mother complained about

the ____ (responsible) and cruel person who left his dog with us.

第 2 讲常见名词后缀

1.To my____ (amaze), Life of France and Italy seemed

more pleasant and relaxing than that of Toronto.

2.I love Jack a lot but we are getting into a lot of ____

(argue) about our wedding plans.

3.Similar____ (arrange)also exists in some British schools.

4.【2016全国Ⅱ】Then, handle the most important tasks

first so you’ll feel a real sense of______ (achieve).

5.【2016全国Ⅲ】Some people think that the great Chinese

scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479

B.C., influenced the______ (develop) of chopsticks.

6.When you stand in front of the mirror, it will use the

technology to make its own ____ (judge) of your body type.

7.In ____ (conclude), wise choices and full preparations

are reliable measures to reach our goals.

8.I think it necessary for us to discuss this problem with

our parents before we make a final ____ (decide).

9.I think they were all better worth visiting than many

other ____ (attract).

10.【2016全国Ⅰ】But for tourists like me, pandas are its

top ______ (attract).

11.There are two new hotels here under ____ (construct).

12.He has made great ____ (contribute) to the development

of our company.

13.Since news broke, netizens have praised Tian for his

____ (devote) to teaching his students and his ability to think out of the box.

14.Researchers argue that people have too high ____

(expect) of the power of saying sorry.

15.He has received three similar ____ (invite) so far.

16.But the hardest part lay in my oral ____ (present) from

my memory—for to read from the paper was not allowed.

17.Knowing that, my mum and I made careful

____ (prepare) for the celebration.

18.However, the collector said it was one of his valuable

_______ (possess) and he could not let it go. possessions 19.Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly

1500 years, but ____ (express) from them have entered various languages.

20.I couldn’t see a sad ____ (express) on his face.

21.Some people whose ____ (intend) is to make big money

appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income

22.Now let me give you a brief ____ (describe) of his

experience.

23.The pressure helps us learn the true meaning of ____

(compete) before we step into society.

24.The ____ (explain) was simple but very unusual.

25.That smile is what gives him the ____ (determine) to

love himself.

26.For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the

dogs would not eat what they caught without ____ (permit).

27.Once you reach that point in life, happiness and ____

( satisfy ) can’t be too far away.

28.____ (honest) is the best policy.

29.More and more students would drop out of school if their

personal ____(safe) could not be guaranteed.

30.The reasons for its ____ (popular) are the music’s fast

pace and rhythmic beat.

31.I know your ____(curious) is driving you mad!

32.It gives us a strong heart and teaches us to step forward

no matter what the ____ (real) is.

33.After two earlier____ (marry)，she married Vincent Astor

in 1953 again.

34.Hello Kitty is all about ____ (happy) and friendship and

fun.

35.It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to

remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but also friends, relatives and neighbors whose ____(friend) and helpfulness we have enjoyed.

36.As she more and more studied the photo, she began to

see the sadness and ____ (lonely) in his eyes.

37.These young ____ (employ), who are enthusiastic about

cars, know that quality comes first.

38.The line has a ____ (long) of 174 km.

39.Eventually, I went home with my car full of groceries

and my heart full of ____(warm) and kindness.

40.Shawn tried to decide whether to admit the ____ (true).

41.On Tuesday, you build up ____ (strong) in your legs by

doing deep knee bends.

42.【2014陕西】On June 27, 2012, the J iaolong reached a

____（deep）of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean. 43.Culture shock can happen immediately upon your ____

(arrive) in the country.

44.If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of ____

(bore) will build up

45.He looked so happy when he enjoyed the _____ (free) of

running on the grass.

46.When people pet animals, their blood (press) and heart

rates go down.

第 3 讲常见形容词后缀

1.Drawn in simple black and white, Tuzki（兔斯基）doesn’t

seem ____ (impress) at first sight.

2.Keeping a diary in English is an ____ (effect) way to

improve our English writing ability.

3.There is no ____ (effect) vaccine or treatment currently

available for Ebola.