中国典籍英译
中国典籍英译概述

到了20世纪下半叶,西方汉学的中心转到了美国。中
国典籍在西方的传播已经由译介为主发展到翻译和研 究并重,如:波顿沃森翻译了大量中国典籍,宇文所 安(Stephen Owen)编译了《中国文论:英译与评 论》(Readings in Chinese Literary Thought)等。 在继承和创新方面,新型研究方法的流行与继承传统 的努力形成鲜明的对照。
国的中国通”。他曾道出拒绝前往中国的原由:“中国对 我来说,最熟悉的莫过于唐代的长安,但我估计如今那里 已有了一些改变。”为了不破损头脑中的 “长安 ”形象, 他宁愿终生不踏足 “变迁” 后的“长安”。他所翻译的
《诗经》、《论语》、《道德经》、《一百七十首中国诗》 等书,以其忠实流畅的译笔,广受好评,深受读者喜爱, 成为西方颇具影响的翻译名著。《不列颠百科全书》在 《英国文学》辞条中介绍阿瑟·韦理时说:“他是20世纪最 杰出的东方学家,也是将东方语种译为英文的最杰出翻译 家。”
哲学
在哲学方面,包含老庄孔孟在内的先秦诸子 固然十分重要,后来一些具有宗教文献性质的著 作,如佛经和禅宗的代表性文献《坛经》等作品 也应占有一席之地。这样,就可以形成以儒释道 为核心的中国思想文化典籍的基本格局。
(二)尝试以汉族文献为主,兼顾其他民族文 献的多元文化格局
中国是一个多民族的国家,中华民族多元文化 的共生共存状态是一个不争的事实。由于历史原因, 以往的中国文化史往往讲成了汉族文化的历史,或 者只利于汉语的历史资料,或者围绕汉语和汉族文 化构建历史文化观念,导致一定程度上忽略了其他 民族及其语言的历史和文化特点,其中也包括其他 民族中一些极为重要的历史事实和文化现象。
三卷为一百二十回本的前八十回,后两卷为后四十回,后 两卷实际工作由约翰·闵福德(John Minford)完成。霍译 本备受海内外红学界和翻译界褒奖。在为英译本写的“导 论”结尾,他这样写道:“《红楼梦》是一个伟大艺术家 以其一生心血浇灌而成的作品,如果我能把这部中国小说 给予我的愉快和幸福多多少少地转达给读者,那我就算没 有白白生活于世。”
典籍英译,育才为先——《中国文化典籍英译》评介

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24部中国名著的英文翻译

24部中国名著的英文翻译《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio《论语》 Analects of Confucius《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers《围城》 A Surrounded City《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror《史记》 Shi Ji/ Historical Records四书(《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》)The Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean,The Analects of Confucius, The Mencius)《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals《论语> THE ANALCETS OF CONFUCIUS《诗经> the book of odes《世说新语》 essays and criticism (shi shuo hsin yu)《封神演义》 the legend of deification《金瓶梅》 The golden lotus《西厢记》 The west chamber英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列Chapter 13chapter 13 geography 地理位置1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。
中国文化典籍英译版本

中国文化典籍英译
An Anthology of Chinese Masterpieces in English Translation I
1. 神话传说(Myth)
女娲补天·淮南子
2. 寓言(fable)画蛇添足·战国策
3. 诗经
(Book of Songs 或 Book of Odes )
中国的诗歌传统“诗六艺”:风、雅、颂、赋、比、兴,
始成于《诗经》。
风、雅、颂是诗歌分类,赋、比、兴是创作方法。
“风土之音曰风,朝廷之音曰雅,宗庙之音曰颂”。
4. 楚辞(Elegies of Chu, Songs of Chu, The Verse of Chu, Chu Ci)
离骚: Grief of Parting
5. 老子《道德经》(Lao Zi,The Way and Its Power)--- 道家(Taoism)
6. 庄子(Zhuang Tzu)
论语 [春秋] 孔子
The Analects / Lun Yu by Confucius
理解的困惑
Arthur Waley 亚瑟·威利Analects of Confucius Thomas Cleary 托马斯·柯立瑞Essential Confucius
唐诗
宋词
元曲
明清小说红楼梦。
中国文化典籍英译

中国文化典籍英译Introduction:Chinese culture is rich and diverse, with a long history that dates back thousands of years. One of the most important aspects of Chinese culture is its literature, which includes a vast collection of classical texts known as "典籍" (diǎnjí). These texts cover a wide range of topics, including philosophy, history, poetry, and more. Translating these cultural treasures into English is crucial for promoting cross-cultural understanding and sharing Chinese wisdom with the world. In this text, we will explore the standard format and guidelines for translating Chinese cultural classics into English.1. Understanding the Cultural Context:Before starting the translation process, it is essential to have a deep understanding of the cultural context surrounding the text. This includes knowledge of Chinese history, philosophy, and literary traditions. Familiarize yourself with the time period in which the text was written, the author's background, and the societal influences that shaped the work. This understanding will help you accurately convey the intended meaning and nuances of the original text in English.2. Accuracy and Faithfulness to the Original:When translating Chinese cultural classics, it is crucial to prioritize accuracy and faithfulness to the original text. Pay close attention to the author's style, syntax, and word choices. Strive to retain the original meaning while adapting it to the target language. Avoid adding personal interpretations or biases that may distort the author's intentions. A faithful translation will preserve the essence of the original work and allow readers to experience the beauty and depth of Chinese culture.3. Language and Style:Translating Chinese cultural classics into English requires a mastery of both languages. The translator should possess a strong command of Chinese and Englishgrammar, vocabulary, and syntax. It is important to choose appropriate English equivalents for Chinese idioms, metaphors, and cultural references. Consider the target audience and aim for a style that is accessible and engaging. Maintain a balance between preserving the original text's literary qualities and ensuring readability for English-speaking readers.4. Footnotes and Annotations:Chinese cultural classics often contain references to historical events, figures, and cultural practices that may be unfamiliar to non-Chinese readers. To provide necessary context and enhance understanding, footnotes and annotations can be added to the translated text. Footnotes should be concise and provide explanations or additional information without interrupting the flow of the main text. Annotations can be used for more extensive explanations or discussions of specific cultural elements.5. Consistency and Coherence:Maintaining consistency and coherence throughout the translation is essential. Use consistent terminology for recurring concepts, names, and phrases. Pay attention to the logical flow of ideas and ensure that the translated text reads smoothly and coherently. Consider the overall structure of the text and how individual sections relate to each other.A well-structured translation will help readers navigate the complexities of the original work and fully appreciate its cultural significance.6. Editing and Proofreading:Once the translation is complete, thorough editing and proofreading are necessary to ensure accuracy and quality. Review the translated text for any grammatical errors, typos, or inconsistencies. Verify that the translation accurately reflects the original text's meaning and intent. Consider seeking feedback from native speakers or experts in the field to further refine the translation. A well-edited and polished translation will enhance its credibility and readability.Conclusion:Translating Chinese cultural classics into English is a challenging yet rewarding endeavor. It requires a deep understanding of both Chinese and English languages, as well as a profound knowledge of Chinese history and culture. By following the standard format and guidelines outlined above, translators can accurately convey the beauty and wisdom of Chinese literature to a global audience. Through these translations, we can bridge cultural gaps and foster a greater appreciation for the richness of Chinese culture.。
中国古典名著英译

1.《三国演义》Three Kingdoms or Romance of The Three Kingdoms2.《水浒传》The Water Margin or the Outlaws of the Marsh3.《西游记》Story of a Journey to the West or The Pilgrimage to the West 4.《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions or A Red-Chamber Dream5.《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio6.《大学》The Great Learning7.《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean8.《论语》The Analects of Confucius9.《孟子》The Words of Mencius10.《诗经》The Book of Songs11.《书经》The Book of History12.《易经》The Book of Changes13.《礼记》The Book of Rites14.《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals15.《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics16.《战国策》Stratagems of the Warring States17.《史记》Records of the Grand Historian18.《世纪新说》New sayings of the World19.《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber8. Stories to Awaken Men《醒世恒言5. The Scholars《儒林外史》9. Stories to Enlighten Men《喻世明言》10. Stories to Warn Men《警世通言》11. Exposure of the Official World《官场现形记》12. Outline of Herb Medicine《本草纲目》14. History as a Mirror《资治通鉴》《世纪新说》New sayings of the World《西行漫记》Red Star over China《三国志》History of the Three Kingdoms《三国演义》Romance of the Three Kingdom / Three Kingdoms《世说新语》New sayings of the World《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《临川四梦》the Four Dreams of Linchuan《书经》The Book of History《二刻拍案惊奇》the Second Series of Striking the Table in Amazement at the Wondrous Storie 《倩女幽魂》Wandering Soul of a Beauty《儒林外史》The Scholars《史记》Records of the (Grand) Historian《喻世明言》Instruction Stories to Enlighten the World《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men《国语》Guo Yu《大学》the Great Learning《孙子兵法》the Art of War by Master Sun《孟子》The Words of Mencius / the Book of Master Meng《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World《封神榜》Canonization of the Gods《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics /the Classic of Mountains and Rivers《左传》Zuo's Commentary《战国策》Intrigues of the Warring States / Stratagems of the Warring States《拍案惊奇》Striking the Table in Amazement at the Wondrous Stories《易经》The Book of Changes《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《本草纲目》 Outline of Herb Medicine/Compendium of Materia Medica《桃花扇》the Peach Blossom Fan《水浒》Outlaws of the Marsh《水浒传》The Water Margin / the Outlaws of the Marsh /Heroes of the Marshes《永乐大典》the Great Encyclopaedia of the Emperor《汉书》History of the Han Dynasty《牡丹亭》the Peony Pavilion《礼记》The Book of Rites《窦娥冤》the Injustice of Dou E《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions / A Red-Chamber Dream/A Dream of Red Mansions/A Drea of the Stone《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio/Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio/Tales fr Tales of the Tale-Telling Studio《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber/The Western Chamber《西游记》Pilgrimage of the West /Story of a Journey to the West / The Pilgrimage to the West 《警世通言》Comprehensive Stories to Admonish the World/Stories to Warn Men《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Words of Mencius《诗经》The Book of Songs《书经》The Book of History《易经》The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《赵氏孤儿》Orphan of the Zhao Family《道德经》the Classic of the Way and Its Virtue《醒世恒言》Lasting Stories to Awaken the World《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men 《金瓶梅》Jin Ping Mei《风》《雅》《颂》Songs, Odes, Hymns。
中国文化典籍英译

学号:42120446哈尔滨师范大学读书汇报论文题目《中国文化典籍英译》读书报告学生万晓安指导教师毛海燕年级 2012级专业英语笔译系别翻译硕士学院西语学院中国文化典籍英译中国文化典籍英译这本书主要包括绪论,正文和附录。
绪论包括两个部分:第一部分题为中国文化典籍和概论概括了典籍英译的理论定界和教学与研究的涉及范围;第二部分题为中国文化典籍英译的理论与技巧,讨论了文化典籍的文献分类,注释体例与翻译技巧。
中国文化典籍的定界,第一覆盖文史哲三科,兼顾儒释道三教,坚持开放与全球视野尝试打通与贯穿思路第二尝试以汉族文献为主,兼顾其他民族的文献的多元化格局,第三以统一的文明史理念,确定典籍选材的上下限,重点以及思路贯穿的途径。
中国文学文焕典籍的外译和英译状况,如何在认真而科学的评论中摆脱中国文化的本位论,破除民族的,语言的,文学的偏见仍然是个没有解决的问题,其次是价值合作方式问题。
绪论的第二部分中国文化典籍翻译的理论与技巧,首先讨论何为国学与国学之要点,中国文化典籍的整理与注释,如今分为经部史部子部和集部.关键术语的综合性注释作为译文的正文的必要补充,所谓的综合性注释,就是根据一个词在中国文化典籍中的基本含义和所指的意义,编写一个综合性的知识条目,说明他的来源,所指和扩充的含义,以及可能的引申义,以便定下一个基本的调子,提供一个基本的语义场作为在整个文本和其他地方这一词汇的基础..英文基本术语的对应于阐释明确有序,应考虑到语源知识尽量求的对应,基本定义,搭配关系,语境变异和系统的构建,句子需要明晰而行文晓畅,篇章层次可做必要的调整以求适合性,译文应关注不同文体和表达功能的体现,在知识可靠的基础上讲究艺术性和诗学功能。
本书的正文部分有二十四讲,基本囊括所有的中国文化典籍,第一讲上古神话,首先对神话进行概说,中国神话记载最早且最早见于战国至出汉,著名的《盘古开天辟地》《盘古化生万物》《夸父追日》等,选《女娲补天》作为例文翻译,其中很多中国元素,翻译的生动,女娲直译为Nuwa,九州和四极须加以解释,英文用the four corners of the sky and the world with its nine regions . 第二讲为先秦寓言,中国的寓言开始于先秦,但是社会动荡,列国争雄,诸子百家,各抒己见,或借传说故事讥他人之迂腐,寓言大兴。
浅析中国文化典籍英译的必要性

浅析中国文化典籍英译的必要性改革开放以来,伴随着科技的进步,国力的增强,中国逐渐成为全球第一大经济体,在全球治理体系中的重要作用愈发明显,无疑是世界上的政治强国和经济强国。
与之形成强烈对比的是,中国的文化软实力相对薄弱,在国际舆论环境中处于不利地位。
别具一格,自成体系的中国文化在目前以西方文化为主导的世界文化大背景下显得处境较为艰难。
同时,由于中西方文化的差异与冲突,中国威胁论和修昔底德陷阱等理论甚嚣尘上,不利于中国人类命运共同体等和谐理念的传播。
在这种背景下,响应领导人为外语人提出的“讲好中国故事”的任务,翻译中国文化典籍,让世界了解中国人的思想和精神,对改善中国在国际舆论中的不利地位,打破修昔底德陷阱的谬论,提升中国的文化软实力,传播中国关于国际关系和全球治理的先进理念有着重要战略意义。
从1807年第一本《论语》英译版 The Work of Confucius开始到目前为止现存11个英译版本,而其中只有辜鸿铭版,黄治中版和吴国珍版三版是中国人主导的翻译版本,其他8个版本均为外国学者所译。
由于中西方文化的差异和语言障碍,外国学者在进行《论语》英译特别是对文化负载词进行翻译的时候难免会存在理解的偏差和代入本国文化的现象,致使原文的语义无法被精准传达,《论语》所蕴含的精神内核也无法被外国人真正了解。
[1]“仁”是孔子思想的核心概念,是孔子全部政治主张的出发点的概念之一。
[2]因其因材施教的思想,孔子在《论语》一书中并未对“仁”做出明确的定义,但我们可以将其给出的不同答案大致归为两点:第一,爱人为仁,即应相互仁爱,建立伦理关系从而实现社会的稳定;第二,“克己复礼”为“仁”,即克制自己,使言行符合礼的规范。
理雅各(1815-1897)是苏格兰的汉学家,传教士,教育家和学者。
理雅各致力于人类的发展,他尽力学习和吸收包含中国经典文学在内的亚洲思想和文化,以传播这些新知识到基督教中。
显而易见,理雅各的翻译目的是了解中国文化以补全西方的基督文化,是以西方文话为出发点和立足点,因此他对《论语》进行翻译时无需深究语句的深层含义,仅需提取其中和基督文化相同点,进而大量采用了直译的翻译方法,对语篇中蕴含的文化负载词并没有进行过多的研究和注解。
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孝当竭力,非徒养身。
鸦有反哺之孝,羊知跪乳之恩。
岂无远道思亲泪,不及高堂念子心。
爱日以承欢,莫待丁兰刻木祀;椎牛而祭墓,不如鸡豚逮亲存。
Mere support of your parents is not enough, You should do your utmost to be dutiful.A crow feeds its parents when they are old,A lamb kneels downWhen sucking milk from its mother,Because it has gratitude to show.Do people travelling far awayNot miss their parents?Yet parents at homeWorry more about their absent children. Cherish your parents' remaining yearsAnd make them happy,Ding Lan's carving of wood portraitsFor his parents after their deathIs not a good example.Killing a bull to offer at your parents' gravesIs not as good as serving them chicken and pork Before they are decrepit and old.兄弟相害,不如友生;外御其侮,莫如弟兄。
有酒有肉多兄弟,急难何曾见一人。
一回相见一回老,能得几时为弟兄。
父子和而家不败,兄弟和而家不分,乡党和而争讼息,夫妇和而家道兴。
只缘花底莺声巧,遂使天边雁影分。
Brothers struggling with each otherAre not as useful as friends;To resist insults from outside,Brothers are better than best friends.Meat and wine bring you a lot of brothers,But is there anyone seen near youWhen you are in misfortune?Each time brothers meet,Each gets older than the last time;How many times are leftWhen they can call each other brother again?A father and his sons in harmonyCan keep a family from decline,Brothers in harmonyCan keep a family from division;Neighbors in harmonyCan avoid disputes and lawsuits,A husband and his wife in harmonyCan make their family flourish.Brothers are often estranged from each otherBecause of their wives' blandishments.楚有祠者,赐其舍人卮酒,舍人相谓曰:“数人饮之不足,一人饮之有余。
请画地为蛇,先成者饮酒。
”一人蛇先成,引酒且饮之,乃左手持卮,右手画蛇,曰:“吾能为之足。
”未成,一人之蛇成夺其卮,曰:“蛇固无足,子安能为之足?”遂饮其酒。
为蛇足者终亡其酒。
Adding Feet to a Snake While Drawing ItA native of Chu after worshiping his ancestors gave his retainers a pot of wine. One of the retainers said: “It’s in sufficient for all of us, but too much for one of us. I suggest, therefore, that we draw snakes on the ground, and the one who first finishes drawing the snake will win the pot of wine.”When one retainer had completed his drawing, he took the pot to drink. As he held it in his left hand, he continued to draw the snake with his right hand, saying: “I can add feet to it.” While he was adding feet to his snake, another man who had then drawn his snake snatched the pot from his hand, protesting: “No snake has feet. How can you add feet to it?” Then he drank the wine.The man who added feet to the snake lost his prize at last.逍遥游A Happy ExcursionIn the northern ocean there is a fish, called the k'un, I do not know how many thousand li in size. This k'un changes into a bird, called the p'eng. Its back is I do not know how many thousand li in breadth. When it is moved, it flies, its wings obscuring the sky like clouds. When on a voyage, this bird prepares to start for the Southern Ocean, the Celestial Lake.And in the Records of Marvels we read that when the p'eng flies southwards, the water is smitten for a space of three thousand li around, while the bird itself mounts upon a great wind to a height of ninety thousand li, for a flight of six months' duration.There mounting aloft, the bird saw the moving white mists of spring, the dust-clouds, and the living things blowing their breaths among them. It wondered whether the blue of the sky was its real color, or only the result of distance without end, and saw that the things on earth appeared the same to it.If there is not sufficient depth, water will not float large ships. Upset a cupful into a hole in the yard, and a mustard-seed will be your boat. Try to float the cup, and it will be grounded, due to the disproportion between water and vessel.So with air. If there is not sufficient a depth, it cannot support large wings. And for this bird, a depth of ninety thousand li is necessary to bear it up. Then, gliding upon the wind, with nothing save the clear sky above, and no obstacles in the way, it starts upon its journey to the south.科学研究证实:植物受伤会叫痛在花园行走脚步要放轻,摘玫瑰要小心。
根据对植物充满压力的生活的最新声学研究:剪花时,花会叫痛,切黄瓜时,黄瓜会尖叫,甚至正常生长的水果也会咕噜咕噜作响。
波恩大学应用物理研究所公布的这些发现对农民可能具有重要意义,因为如果配备合适的窃听装置,就能区分健康蔬菜与病害蔬菜。
看来,对植物谈话不如倾听它们的声音更为有益。
波恩大学的科学家已研制出一种激光驱动的麦克风,能接收人耳听不到的声音。
茎叶被切开,植物就会在整个切面释放出乙烯气体,以示痛苦(也许仅仅是惊慌) 。
波恩大学弗兰克·屈内曼博士一直在用钟形广口瓶收集这种气体。
然后用校准激光束轰击气体分子,使其振动,产生声波,由麦克风接收。
屈内曼说:“植物受到的压力越大,麦克风接收到的信号就越强。
”但是,波恩大学的这些科学家认为,植物不仅仅诉苦喊痛,就象人们在候诊室消磨时间一样,他们还认为,植物会互相提醒迫在眉睫的危险。
这种“警报”是植物单株之间传递的一种化学信息,也能用这种新装置加以测量。