从餐桌礼仪看中西方饮食文化差异(英文论文)
中西方餐桌礼仪文化差异英语作文
中西方餐桌礼仪文化差异英语作文英文回答：Cultural Differences in Dining Etiquette between the East and the West.Dining etiquette, a set of formalized rules governing table manners and behavior during meals, variessignificantly between cultures. While some principles, such as using utensils properly and avoiding talking with one's mouth full, are shared across regions, other practices differ vastly.Table Setting: In Western cultures, each person has their own designated place at the table, with plates, glasses, and utensils arranged in a specific order. This arrangement ensures that everyone has easy access to the necessary items. In contrast, East Asian meals are often served family-style, with dishes shared from communal plates and bowls.Meal Sequence: In the West, meals typically adhere toa set sequence: appetizer, soup, salad, entree, and dessert. It is considered polite to wait until everyone at the table has finished a course before proceeding to the next. InEast Asian cultures, however, the meal begins with a rangeof dishes that are enjoyed simultaneously and there is no predetermined order.Tableware Usage: Westerners primarily use knives, forks, and spoons for eating, while East Asians typically use chopsticks. In some East Asian cultures, spoons arealso used for soups and broths. The handling of these utensils differs as well; in the West, forks are held inthe left hand and knives in the right, while in East Asia, chopsticks are held in the dominant hand and used to convey food to the mouth.Conversation and Communication: During meals in the West, conversations are typically light and engaging, butit is considered impolite to speak with one's mouth full or to discuss controversial topics. In East Asian cultures,mealtimes are often used for more serious conversations and discussions.Table Manners: In the West, it is considered polite to sit up straight, not to reach across the table, and to fold one's napkin on the table when leaving. In some East Asian cultures, it is customary to slurp noodles or soup to show appreciation for the meal, while in the West, such behavior is considered rude.These are just a few of the many differences in dining etiquette between Eastern and Western cultures. Understanding these variations is essential for respectful and enjoyable dining experiences across borders.中文回答：东西方餐桌礼仪文化差异。
中西方餐桌文化的差异英语作文
中西方餐桌文化的差异英语作文Differences in Dining Culture Between East and West。
The way people approach dining and mealtime rituals can vary significantly between Eastern and Western cultures. These cultural differences are deeply rooted in history, traditions, and societal values, shaping the dining experiences and etiquette observed in each region.In the West, particularly in North America and Europe, dining is often viewed as a more individualistic experience. Meals are typically consumed at a table, with each person having their own plate, utensils, and personal space. The focus is on the food itself, with the act of eating being the primary purpose of the gathering. Conversation and socializing are important, but they often take a secondary role to the culinary experience.Western dining etiquette emphasizes the proper use of utensils, with forks, knives, and spoons being the standard tools for consuming various dishes. The order in which these utensils are used, the placement of the napkin, and the way food is presented on the plate are all considered important aspects of dining etiquette. Additionally, the concept of "course-by-course" dining, where different dishes are served in a specific sequence, is a common practice in Western cuisine.In contrast, the dining culture in the East, particularly in Asia, tends to be more communal and family-oriented. Meals are often shared among a group, with multiple dishes placed in the center of the table for everyone to enjoy. The emphasis is on the shared experience of the meal, rather than the individual consumption of food. Conversation, social interaction, and the enjoyment of the overall dining experience are often prioritized over the specific rules of etiquette.In Eastern dining, the use of chopsticks is the predominant method of eating, and the mastery of this skill is highly valued. Chopsticks are used not only for consuming the main dishes but also for sharing and serving food from the communal plates. The act of passing dishes and sharing food is seen as a gesture of hospitality and community.Another significant difference lies in the pacing and structure of meals. In the West, meals are often consumed in a more linear fashion, with a clear beginning, middle, and end. In contrast, Eastern dining tends to be more fluid, with dishes being served and shared throughout the meal, allowing for a more continuous and interactive dining experience.Moreover, the role of the host and the guest in Eastern and Western dining cultures can vary. In the East, the host is expected to ensure the comfort and satisfaction of the guests, often taking an active role in serving and refilling dishes. Guests, in turn, are expected to express their gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality. In the West, the host-guest dynamic may be more balanced, with both parties contributing to the overall dining experience.These cultural differences in dining etiquette and practices can lead to misunderstandings and potential challenges when individuals from different backgrounds interact. However, understanding and respecting these cultural nuances can greatly enhance the cross-cultural dining experience, fostering a deeper appreciation for the diverse ways in which people approach the art of eating and socializing around a table.。
中西方餐桌礼仪差异 九年级英语作文
中西方餐桌礼仪差异九年级英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Differences in Table Manners Between East and WestHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about something interesting—differences in table manners between East and West. Table manners are the way we behave while eating, and they can vary a lot from one culture to another. Let's explore some of these differences!In Western countries, it is common to eat with a knife, fork, and spoon. Each person has their own set of utensils, and they use them to eat their food. It's important to hold the knife in the right hand and the fork in the left hand. When eating, they cut their food into small pieces and then eat it with the fork. Also, it is polite to keep your elbows off the table while eating.In China and many other East Asian countries, we use chopsticks to eat. Chopsticks are thin, long sticks that are usually made of wood or bamboo. We hold one chopstick in each hand and use them to pick up food. It takes some practice to use them properly, but once you get the hang of it, it's really fun! InChinese culture, it is considered impolite to stab food with chopsticks or point them at others while eating.Another difference is the way we drink during meals. In the West, it is common to drink from a glass or cup, and it's okay to take small sips while eating. However, in China, we usually drink from small bowls or cups and we take big gulps of soup or tea. It is also polite to refill other people's cups when they are empty as a sign of respect and generosity.One more interesting difference is the way we express our appreciation for the food. In Western culture, it is polite to say "please" and "thank you" to the host or the person who prepared the meal. You can say things like "Please pass the salt" or "Thank you for the delicious meal." In Chinese culture, we often say "吃饭了" (chī fàn le), which mea ns "Let's eat" before we start our meal. We also use phrases like "好吃" (hǎo chī), which means "delicious," to show our appreciation.Remember, it's important to respect and understand different cultures, including their table manners. When we visit someone from a different culture or have guests from another country, it's a good idea to learn a little about their customs and try to follow them. By doing this, we can show that we are respectful and open-minded individuals.In conclusion, table manners can vary greatly between East and West. Whether it's the utensils we use, the way we drink, or how we express appreciation, these differences reflect the unique traditions and customs of each culture. So let's embrace diversity and enjoy the delicious food from all around the world!I hope you enjoyed learning about the differences in table manners between East and West. Have a great day, everyone!篇2Differences in Table Manners Between China and the WestHello everyone! Today, I want to tell you about the differences in table manners between China and the West. Table manners are important because they show respect to others and make dining a pleasant experience for everyone. Let's explore some interesting differences!In China, it is polite to slurp your noodles while eating. It may seem strange to some people, but it's a way of showing that you are enjoying the meal. In the West, however, it is considered impolite to make noise while eating. So, if you are visiting a Western country, remember to eat quietly.Another difference is the use of chopsticks and forks. In China, we use chopsticks to eat most of our meals. Chopsticks are held in one hand and used to pick up food. However, in the West, people usually use forks and knives. They hold the fork in their left hand and the knife in their right hand to cut the food. Then, they switch the fork to their right hand to eat. It's interesting how different tools can be used for the same purpose!When it comes to seating arrangements, there's a difference too. In China, the host usually sits facing the door as a sign of respect to the guests. The most honored guest is seated on the host's right side. In the West, there are no strict rules about seating arrangements. People usually choose their seats freely, and the host can sit anywhere. It's nice to know these differences so we can be respectful when we have guests from different cultures.One more difference is the way we offer and receive food. In China, it is polite to offer food to others before serving yourself. We often say "请吃" (qǐng chī), which means "please eat," as a way of showing politeness. On the other hand, in the West, it is common for people to serve themselves first and then offer foodto others. It's important to be aware of these customs to avoid any misunderstandings.Lastly, let's talk about the use of utensils during the meal. In China, it is common to use chopsticks for everything, including picking up rice. It may take some practice to master the art of using chopsticks, but it's a fun skill to learn. In the West, forks and knives are used for cutting and eating food. They also use spoons for soup or desserts. It's interesting how different cultures have their own unique ways of enjoying a meal!In conclusion, there are many differences in table manners between China and the West. From how we eat noodles to the use of utensils and seating arrangements, each culture has its own customs and traditions. By being aware of these differences, we can show respect and have a better understanding of each other's cultures. So, let's embrace diversity and enjoy our meals together, no matter where we are from!I hope you enjoyed learning about the differences in table manners between China and the West. Remember, it's always good to be respectful and open-minded when it comes to different customs. Happy dining!篇3中西方餐桌礼仪差异大家好！我是小明，今天我想和大家分享一下中西方餐桌礼仪的差异。
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异英语作文
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异英语作文英文回答：Table manners, the set of rules governing the properway to behave at the dining table, vary widely between Western and Eastern cultures. While some basic principles, such as using utensils to eat and avoiding talking withyour mouth full, are shared across both traditions, there are also numerous subtle differences that can be confusingto navigate for those unfamiliar with a particularculture's dining etiquette.One of the most noticeable differences between Western and Eastern table manners is the way that utensils are used. In Western cultures, it is considered proper to hold thefork in the left hand and the knife in the right hand, andto cut food with the knife before spearing it with the fork. In Eastern cultures, on the other hand, chopsticks are typically used for both eating and cutting food. Chopsticks should be held between the thumb and index finger, andshould not be crossed over each other.Another difference between Western and Eastern table manners is the way that rice is eaten. In Western cultures, it is considered acceptable to use a fork to eat rice, while in Eastern cultures, rice is typically eaten with chopsticks. When eating rice with chopsticks, it is important to hold the bowl close to your mouth and to scoop the rice into your mouth with the chopsticks.There are also differences between Western and Eastern table manners with regard to the way that food is shared. In Western cultures, it is considered acceptable to share food by passing dishes around the table. In Eastern cultures, on the other hand, it is considered more polite to serve individual portions of food to each guest.Finally, there are differences between Western and Eastern table manners with regard to the way that the table is set. In Western cultures, it is customary to set the table with a plate, a fork, a knife, a spoon, and a glass. In Eastern cultures, on the other hand, the table istypically set with a bowl, a pair of chopsticks, a spoon, and a teacup.These are just a few of the many differences between Western and Eastern table manners. By understanding these differences, you can avoid making any embarrassing faux pas the next time you dine with someone from a different culture.中文回答：餐桌礼仪的差异。
西方和中国的餐桌礼仪差异英语作文
西方和中国的餐桌礼仪差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Differences in Table Manners between the West and ChinaTable manners are an important aspect of dining etiquette in both Western and Chinese cultures. However, there are significant differences between the two when it comes to dining etiquette. In this article, we will explore the differences in table manners between the West and China.1. Seating arrangement:In Western cultures, there is no strict seating arrangement at the dining table. Guests can often choose their own seats and may switch seats during the meal. In contrast, Chinese dining etiquette places a significant emphasis on seating arrangement. The host is usually seated at the head of the table, with the most important guest seated to the right. The rest of the guests are seated in order of importance, with the least important guest seated to the left of the host.2. Use of utensils:In Western cultures, diners typically use a knife and fork to eat their meals. The fork is held in the left hand, while the knife is held in the right hand. In Chinese dining etiquette, chopsticks are the primary utensil used for eating. Diners are expected to use chopsticks to pick up food from communal dishes and their own bowls. It is considered rude to use chopsticks to point at people or to spear food with chopsticks.3. Noise level:In Western cultures, it is generally acceptable to engage in lively conversation and laughter during a meal. However, in Chinese dining etiquette, it is considered impolite to make loud noises while eating. Diners are expected to eat quietly and to avoid talking with their mouths full. It is also considered rude to slurp noodles or soup.4. Serving and accepting food:In Western cultures, it is common for diners to serve themselves from communal dishes or to have food passed around the table. In Chinese dining etiquette, the host is responsible for serving food to the guests. Diners should wait for the host to offer them food before taking any themselves. It is also considered polite to accept food with both hands as a sign of respect.5. Drinking etiquette:In Western cultures, it is common for diners to toast each other with alcoholic beverages during a meal. In Chinese dining etiquette, toasting is also common, but it is important to pay attention to the order in which toasts are made. The oldest or most senior person at the table should make the first toast, and others should follow suit, starting with the most important guest and then moving down in order of importance.In conclusion, there are significant differences in table manners between the West and China. Understanding these differences can help to avoid misunderstandings and ensure a pleasant dining experience in both cultures. By following the appropriate etiquette, diners can show respect for their hosts and fellow guests while enjoying a delicious meal together.篇2Differences in Table Manners Between Western and Chinese CulturesTable manners are an essential part of dining etiquette in both Western and Chinese cultures. However, there are significant differences in how each culture approaches and adheres to these customs. Understanding and respecting thesedifferences is crucial when dining with people from different cultural backgrounds. In this essay, we will explore and compare the table manners of Western and Chinese cultures.In Western cultures, particularly in Europe and North America, table manners are generally more formal compared to Chinese culture. This formality is evident in various aspects of dining etiquette, such as how one holds their utensils, the order in which dishes are served, and the use of napkins. For example, in Western cultures, it is common to hold a fork in the left hand and a knife in the right hand while cutting and eating food. In contrast, in Chinese culture, chopsticks are held in the right hand and used to pick up food from shared dishes.Another key difference in table manners between Western and Chinese cultures is the seating arrangement. In Western cultures, there is often a designated seating plan, with guests assigned to specific seats at the dining table. The host typically sits at the head of the table, and guests are seated based on their relationship to the host. In Chinese culture, seating arrangements are less formal, and guests may choose their seats based on their preferences or social status.Furthermore, in Western cultures, it is customary to wait for everyone to be served before starting to eat. It is also consideredpolite to wait for the host to begin eating before taking the first bite. In Chinese culture, it is common for diners to start eating as soon as the first dish is served, and there is less emphasis on waiting for others to start eating.The way dishes are served and shared also differs between Western and Chinese cultures. In Western cultures, individual plates or portions are served to each diner, and it is uncommon to share dishes during a meal. In Chinese culture, meals are typically served family-style, with multiple dishes placed on the table for everyone to share. This communal style of dining promotes a sense of togetherness and sharing among diners.Another important aspect of table manners is the use of utensils and tableware. In Western cultures, knives, forks, and spoons are the primary utensils used for eating. Napkins are placed on laps and used to wipe hands or mouths during the meal. In Chinese culture, chopsticks are the primary utensils, and diners use small bowls for rice and soup. It is also common for diners to use a small plate or bowl to discard food scraps while eating.In conclusion, while table manners may vary between Western and Chinese cultures, the underlying principles of respect, courtesy, and consideration for others remain constant.By understanding and respecting the differences in table manners between cultures, we can bridge cultural divides and create more meaningful and inclusive dining experiences. It is essential to approach cultural differences with an open mind and a willingness to learn from others.篇3Differences in Table Manners between the West and ChinaTable manners vary greatly across different cultures and countries, reflecting the unique customs and traditions of each society. In this essay, we will explore the differences in table manners between the West and China.In the West, dining etiquette is often formal and structured. For example, in Western countries, it is customary to place the napkin on one’s lap as soon as one sits down at the table. This signals to the host or hostess that you are ready to eat. In China, however, people often place the napkin on the table next to their plates, as it is believed to be more polite.One of the most noticeable differences between Western and Chinese table manners is the use of chopsticks. In China, chopsticks are a staple utensil used to pick up food, while in the West, forks, knives, and spoons are the primary utensils.Westerners may find using chopsticks difficult at first, but it is a skill that can be mastered with practice.In the West, it is considered polite to wait for everyone at the table to be served before beginning to eat. This demonstrates respect for others and ensures that everyone can enjoy the meal together. In China, however, it is common for people to start eating as soon as their food is served. This difference in etiquette can sometimes lead to misunderstandings or confusion between Westerners and Chinese diners.Another key difference in table manners between the West and China is the way food is shared. In Chinese culture, it is customary to order several dishes and share them family-style. This encourages interaction and bonding among diners. In the West, individual portions are served, and it is considered impolite to reach across the table to take food from someone else's plate.In the West, it is also common to leave a small amount of food on one’s plate as a sign that the meal was satisfying and the portion size was adequate. In China, however, it is generally expected that one will finish all the food on their plate as a sign of appreciation for the meal and the chef's efforts.Ultimately, while there are clear differences in table manners between the West and China, the important thing to remember is to be respectful and open-minded when dining with people from different cultures. By understanding and respecting each other’s customs and traditions, we can create a more inclusive and welcoming dining experience for everyone.。
中外餐桌文化差异英语作文
中外餐桌文化差异英语作文英文回答：One of the most notable differences between Chinese and Western dining cultures lies in their respective attitudes towards mealtime. In China, meals are typically seen as social gatherings, where friends and family come together to enjoy a leisurely and convivial dining experience. The emphasis is on sharing dishes and conversation, and meals can often extend for hours. In contrast, Western dining culture tends to place greater emphasis on individual dining experiences. Meals are often eaten alone or in small groups, and the focus is more on the food itself than on socializing.Another key difference between Chinese and Western dining cultures is the way in which food is served. In China, dishes are typically served family-style, meaning that they are placed in the center of the table and shared by all diners. This style of serving encourages a sense ofcommunity and togetherness. In contrast, Western dining culture typically involves serving food individually, with each diner receiving their own plate of food. This style of serving allows for more customization and control overone's own meal.The use of chopsticks is another distinctive feature of Chinese dining culture. Chopsticks are a versatile toolthat can be used to eat a wide variety of dishes, from noodles to rice to vegetables. Western dining culture, on the other hand, typically uses a fork and knife to eat food. Forks are used to spear food, while knives are used to cut food into smaller pieces.Finally, there are also differences between Chinese and Western dining cultures in terms of the types of food that are eaten. Chinese cuisine is known for its diversity and use of bold flavors, while Western cuisine is often more focused on simplicity and a balance of flavors. Chinese dishes often include a variety of meats, vegetables, and sauces, while Western dishes are often more likely tofeature a single main ingredient, such as a steak or apiece of fish.中文回答：中外餐桌文化差异巨大，主要体现以下方面。
论文中西方餐桌礼仪英文版（5篇范文）
论文中西方餐桌礼仪英文版（5篇范文）第一篇：论文中西方餐桌礼仪英文版Different Table Manners between China and the West不同的国家和民族由于地区差异形成了不同的文化。
而不同国家的社会生活方式则形成了不同的饮食文化及餐桌礼仪。
饮食文化及餐桌礼仪是非语言文化的重要组成部分。
作为一名外语学习者，了解中西方饮食文化及餐桌礼仪方面的差异及其渊源是必要且必须的。
因为这不仅仅可以增加对所学语言文化的认识，更加有助于提高跨文化交际的成功率，以此避免由不合适的行为或方式所形成的误解。
本文第一部分分别对中西方餐桌礼仪做简要概括。
第二部分为本文核心，从餐具，座次，点餐及用餐氛围四个方面具体介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异。
第三部分从地理因素，价值观，及传统习俗入手，讲述形成中西方餐桌礼仪差异的缘由。
以此三个部分展现餐桌礼仪文化在中西方文化交流中占据重要地位。
Different countries and nations have different cultures as a result of regional differences.The social lifestyle of different countries form different diet culture and table manners, which are an important part of non language culture.As a foreign language learner, it is necessary to learn the differences between Chinese and Western food culture and table manners.Because it can not only increase the comprehension of the language culture, but also help to improve the success rate of intercultural communication, so as to avoid the misunderstanding caused by inproper behavior or manner.The first part of this paper gives a brief summary of Chinese and western table manners.The second part is the core of this paper, descriping specificly the difference between chinese and western table manner from four aspects that are tableware, seat arrangement, serving order and dining atmosphere.The third part from the geographical factors, values,and traditional customs introduces the reasons that the differences between Chinese and western table manners from the geographical factors, values, and traditional customs.The purpose of this paper shows that table manner plays an important role in the process of communication and colliding between Chinese and western culture.Etiquette is the process that show respect for others and constrain ourselves with a certain and conventional way in interpersonal communication, involving dress, communication, emotional intelligence and so on.Etiquette is a language, a tool, and a set of communicational rules between people.Table manner refers to the common eating polite standard in human society.On the contrary, some behaviors when eating are regarded as rude or destroying other’s appitite.In accordence with different culture of different countries, there are different table manner.According to the literature, chinese table manner has formed a quite complete system since Zhou Dynasty.This traditional banquent are still remaining in most parts of China.As the saying goes, food is the paramount necesssity of the people.In this way we can see that eating diet plays a significant role in Chinese daily life.Wheareas, table manner has high statue.While eating with traditional chinese family, we have to respect their manner, culture and custom.In addition, not to offend the taboo for Chinese believe that diet is closely related with fate.if you offend the taboo, it will lead to bad luck.For example, after dinner ,you can’t say I finish the meal, which it means you are dead and no chance to eat.Instead you should say I am full.Table manner occupies a important place in the modern chinese life order.They think that eating is not just to meet the basic phycial need, but also esencial social experience.Therefore it is particularly important to mastersome ceremorial knowledge about Chinese table manner, whether you are a host or a guest.dinnerware Western dinnerware are mainly the knife and fork which were widely used by France in the European continent in the 18th century.Westerners using knife and fork is consisted with their culture about nomadism and maritime, which shows vividly that they are competitive and adventurous.before eating, knife and fork are placed in accordance with the rule : left fork and right knifon both sides of the plate respectivly, with the blade took inward.At eating, right hand take the knife to cut food without blade outward, while left hand use the fork to eat food.If not to eat temporarily, one should place knife and fork in “eight” shape with the blade toward oneself.When the meal is finished, the fork is raised on the back and the blade is folded inward with the fork.Except knives and forks, spoon, napkin, glass are also essential for Western dishes.Spoons divide two types: soup spoon and sweet spoon.A large spoon is next to the knife, while small dessert spoon are placed on the top of the dessert dish.When drinking soup, one should take the spoon with the right hand.After drinking, one should place it in the opposite side of the plate.The napkin is usually prepared on the plate before the meal.The wine glasses are placed with the order :liqueur glass, red wine glasses, champagne glasses, beer mugs, and the type of wine is the same as the type of wine.The wine glass is usually on the top of the right side of the knife.Chopsticks, which has a long history of 3000 years, is the typical Chinese tableware, consistent with the traditional “harmony” thought.Pay attention to 2 notes about the use of chopsticks: first, place chopsticks neatly on the right side of the bowl before eating.Second, do not use chopsticks to make a sound, lick chopsticks, or not to point atanyone with chopsticks.Taking particular notice, do not insert the chopsticks in rice or pasta, because it is very similar to the ancient ritual candles and symbolizes infelicity.In addition to chopsticks, spoons, plates, cups, napkins, toothpicks are necessary.The spoon is used for soup or other small morsels.Attentiuon, do not put soup too full to smear the table cloth or clothing.After using, put the food into the plate immediately.In general, the big plate is for a variety of dishes, small dishes for the food dish, to hold the incoming food from the public plate.Remember not to put too many things in the disk cover so as not to avoid oil to spill , and put thorns on the front end of the plate.Napkins are often used in some large hotels.Before dinner, the waiters will prepare a hot wet towel for the guests.The cup is usually on the left of the dish, not to pour fully.Serving order Appetizers, the first dish, are sometime made of four kinds of cold platet representative appetizers are the cold jellyfish skin, preserved eggs and so on.After the cold plate, it is followed by four hot plate that commonly is fried shrimp, fried chicken and so on.However, hot plates are mostly omitted.While placing the hot plate, one ought to serve from the left of the opposite seats of guests of honor.The heads of the whole fish and duck should not be pointed at the chief seat.The following are the main course, also known as large dishes,will be taken on table.If the menu is marked “eight pieces”, it says that there are a total of eight main course.The number of courses in the main course is usually four, six, eight and so even, since the Chinese people think that even is the number of Kyrgyzstan.In the luxurious banquet, the main course even can be up to ten kinds of species.These dishes are made of different materials, added acid, sweet, bitter, spicy, salty flavors, with fried, steamed, boiled, fried, roasted, fried and other cookingmethods.Most of the order of the dishes are matched interactively, for example, combining light taste with oily and greaty taste.Soup is the end.Dessert, such as pies, cakes, buns, almonds and so on, is provided after the main st is the fruit, which is good for digesting.In western banquent, the appetizer is also the first dish which is specialty.As for the first dish , it usually match with aperitif.It is with acid and crisp taste and westerners’ favorite snack.The following dish, extremly different from China, is soup which is classified genelly into five categories: vegetable soup, cold soup, cream soup, pureed soup,and clear soup.Next is side dish, also called fish dish, including a viatery of seafood such as shellfish and molluscs for the seafood is full of nutrition and good for lung and eye.The fourth dish is main course, which also known as poultry or meat dish.Delicious steak or lamb is the most common main course.It is more tasty when drizzling fresh foie gras.After greasy meat dish, it is right time for salad, refreshing vegetable dish, such as tomato, broccoli, onion and so on.The following dish is dessert which have many different kinds.It can be chocolate cookie, croissant, mousse cake,macarons.Coffee is the final drinking, which can be added milk and sugar according to own taste.It also has different kinds such as blue mountain coffee, latte, macchino, mocha and so on.Table setting In the Chinese table manner, at the begining, let guests attend the seats, then please the elderly seat next to the guests.One should seat from the left side of the chair.When sitting on the chair, one should not move the chopsticks, or make noise, let alone walk casually unless having urgency.Host should invites guest to have a seat and notice that do not let guest sit close to the place that is seryed dishes.If you are the master, you should point to a chair and say to the guestswith a gentle tone: “please sit here.” There are four fountamental way for sitting arrangement: first, taking the table of the host sitting as a sign, the guest on its right is honor and the left is low.Second, first host should sit facing the main door, then guest of honor sit on the right of the host and deputy chief gust on the left.Third, if the position of the host is inferior to the guest of honor, the host is able to ask guest to sit where the host should have seated, then the host sit on the right, host should have a seat that is faced the main door, and the guest of honor sit on the right of master.As for deputy chief guest, he should sit on the left.Western people believe that the right is honor and the left is low.when hostess announces that the dinner is ready, the host will lead the guests to sit in turn, with the hostess walking last.Some careful master willplace name card on the table in order to show seats.while, if there is no such arrangement, then the seat arrangement is generally:men and women sit separatedlly, male host first, gewhose seat is in the hostess On the right of hostess.the other couples are diagonally seated.Couple sitting dividually shows the opening and lively nature of the American banquet.They hope that the banquet can be used to enhance the relationship of each other and relaxing atmosphere.In the informal party, seat arrangment follows that women is first.If a gentlman shares a supper with a woman, the man should not let the woman sit near the passageway and should let the woman sit on his right;the man should let the woman sit inside.If two men with a woman, men ought to lead the woman sit in the middle．What is more, men should remove the chairs and let women sit first．When two man have a dinner，the junior sit outside． Atmosphere When chinese people enjoy yummy food they usually talk a lot, which shows the sincere andhospitality of hostess.Besides, lively table can reflect the guests’joy.The active atmosphere reflects the warmth of family, and harmony of the nation in a sence.However, in the western tradition, people think that excessive noise is rude, and only the quiet and orderly looks noble.There not exist these phenomenon such as pesuading to drink alcohol and carrying dish for others.This reflects the respect for the individual in the western culture.people hardly talk with each other but cut and eat their food with fork quietly.They avoid making noise while eating and drinking.Even if they have something important to talk, they keep the sound that both of them can heard.When chinese invited guests to have dinner, they usually prepare a wild variety of dishes, which is no less than seven or eight dishes.The more delicious and expensive the dishes are, the more important guests are.Although the hostness elaborate perpectly, she would say: I am so sorry that the dish does not cook well, eat more.Hope you bear with me.Please forgive me, there are not so much food for you all.Or some modest words similar like this.In addition, the host will ask the guest: Would you like some more? And maybe the host will ask this later.The guest answer with a little shame: just a little more.While in western dinner, there are four or five dishes.If it is at home, the guest had better eat all of the food, so the hostness will be very happy because of her good ually, host simply say to guest: heip yourself.When the host ask: would you like more fried chicken? The guest just answer according to himself.If he is full enough, he say: no , thanks.If not, he should answer: yes, I would like some more chickens.After dinner, guest could say it was out of the world！So delicious！I licked the plate clean.or I made a pig of myself.In this way can make hostness happy.By comparing this, we can know that Chinese obey theprinciple that is to belittle themselves and to respect others.Western people pay more attention to keeping their prestige and saving face.For example, western people never talk adout the disguesting things on table.They will try their best to use implicit and elegent words to replace toilet.such as: “Where can I wash my hand”, “I wonder if I could go somewhere.”, “Can I add some powder? ”Geography China is located in the east Asia-Europe continental monsoon climate zone, rain and heat over the same period, very suitable for growing plant, which forms Chinese people's plant character.Most western countries are located in temperate maritime climate zone, which is the perfect place for natural pasture.So western people are fond of meat.For Europeans, pasture means food, and food means survival, which in turn leads to their expansion and the formation of aggressive character.There are big animals such as cattle and sheep in the vast ranch, so their diets are mainly steak and lamb, and thus have the argument that is “from Berlin to Los Angeles, steak is a taste”.This is why milk from Europe and the United States is spreaded into China.as we all know, chopsticks, fork and knife are the most foundemental difference between Chinese and western table manner.Chopsticks originate from the place where there is bamboo.More wood in the north , more bamboo in the south, ancestors use local materials, cuting bamboo and wood for making chopsticks.anyway, chopsticks play an indispensable role in Chinese daily life.knife and fork later than the chopsticks is the representative of Western tableware, which originated in the ancient European living nomadic habits.Before and after the 15th century, there appeared two-teeth fork, the emergence of four-teeth fork in the 18th century.They cut down and eat meat assoon as it cooked.From then on, western people use knife and fork as their tableware.The view of value In China, a state of ceremony, table manner reflects Chinese “solidarity” collectivist values.During the dinner, seat arrangement can give expression to it obviously.Chinese people emphasis that to respect the old and cherish the young, to be filial first.Relativly speaking, in western countries, the value of individualism occupies a position of importance, which shows individual valve and strength.Because they emphasis personality development, self-expression in their philosophical thought.They believe that it is not fate but your own laziness to contribute to your faiure.During Chinese dinner, seniority would give dish to the junior so that displays their kindness to children.This is lively and harmonious atmosphere conforming to chinese traditional value.On the contrary, western people eat their own food and pick up food they want to have.They refuse others to force themselve eating food they do not like.Different from chinese traditional food culture, western diet is more rational, more emphasis on science and health.Regarding nutrition as the highest standard, they eating food is just like adding a fuel to a biological machine, with particular emphasis on the nutrition of the food.Whether the amount of Protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and all kinds of inorganic elements is reasonable, whether the supply of calories is proper, whether nutrients can be fully absorbed by the body, which are the westerners’ focus.Western diet that demonstrate strong pragmatism and utilitarianism will not combine the diet with spiritual enjoyment together.Chinese diet has always been pursuing the taste as the primary purpose of eating.A folk saying goes: “hunger breeds discontentment, and whether the food i9os delicious or notdepends on taste.Chinese cook create a lot of cooking methods in ordre to make dish tasteful.Even if the dish name is poetic.Making food and eating food having special cultural connotation, to a certain extent, is the embodiment of the art.Although we attach importance to eating for keeping in good health, our cooking methods result in a lack of many nutrients in the processing process that is one disadvantage.culture The different national ethnic and historical development can lead to different history.Confucianism and Taoism are the origion of Chinese traditional culture, which have a long and profound influence on Chinese society.Faith, propriety, righteousness, wisdom, benevolence are the core of Chinese traditional culture.Mr.Yi Zhongtian, in the book Culture on Dinner Table said that the core thought of Chinese culture is group consciousness while the western corn thought is individual consciousness.Edward Hall, a famous American anthropologist, propose that time concept of human has two cultural patterns, Monochronic-time and Polychronic-time.Western people insisting on M-time follow close to the line of scheduling program, deal with things with time correspondently.By contrast, eastern people holding P-time are more flexible on time.In the Chinese banquet, the M-time model makes the guests more inclined to be late and the host seems to have prepared for the guests who arrive on time some intresting activities to kill time such as chating, watching TV so that the guests who come earlier would not feel boring.In China, especially in ancient times, women are not allowed to participate in formal banquets which is identical to the Chinese traditional feudal thought Males are supposed to be worth more than the other sex.In the book of the Chinese, Lin Yutang even said: ”since the primitive times,wome nhas not occupied the deserved status in the Chinese people's blood.“ in the chinese traditional culture, woman has been in a subordinate position, Although Chinese women's status been significantly improved, but when there exist collision between the ”old“ principle and the ”lady first“ principle , Chinese choose the former instead of later.On the contrary, ”ladies first" is a traditional culture in the west, and an absolutely necessary etiquette in social activities.Women can enjoy many traditional customs of the knigh: When a woman enters a restaurant, all the men have to stand up;and in front of the table, the man take the chair for the lady.ConclusionIn recent years, with the rapid development of China, the trade and cultural exchanges between China and Western countries have become more and more paring the difference of table manner between China and west, we can see that it is important to improve the international image of our country, strengthen the cultivation of personal qualities, and promote the further cooperation between China and the west. 第二篇：中西方餐桌礼仪差异分析英文There are many difference in Chinese and western table manner , but which tings lead to these difference, There may be three aspects.Different cultural connotations,different ways of thinking ,different values.Now I will explain how the values make the culture different.The value is the deepest level in the culture , is used to evaluate the behavior things by members in society, and select the most suitable principle in a few possible targets, that is the theme of culture.Therefore every country and society use the same value which is recognized.The table manners behaved by the people is a microcosm of their value.Such as China , a country which emphasize “filial” “loyalty” refl ect thevalue of collectivism.When we eat dinner ,we can find that Chinese people emphasize that caring the young, respecting the old.So the arrangement of the seat is regularly.In western countries , the values of individualism plays an important role.People use their own values.Embodies their personal energy This is because in Western philosophy, people tend to focus on individualism, personality development and self-expression.They believe that if one can not achieve the goal , that is not destiny ,but their laziness and lack of struggle spirit..It can be seen through the dining system, each of them eat t food on their own plate and choose their favourite food.and the scene that eating the food that hosts provide will not appear.第三篇：英文中西方的餐桌礼仪+练习题十条应该遵守的西方礼仪How to behave at table in western society?1.When helping a woman pull her chair to the table, hold it and guide it.Don't shove it against the back of her legs.为女士拉椅子的时候，要把椅子抓住了，留个角度，让女士好走过去。
中西餐桌礼仪文化的差异初中英语作文
中西餐桌礼仪文化的差异初中英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Differences in Table Manners between Chinese and Western CulturesTable manners play an important role in social interactions and cultural traditions in both Chinese and Western societies. However, there are noticeable differences between Chinese and Western dining etiquette. Understanding and respecting these differences is crucial for effective cross-cultural communication and building relationships. In this essay, we will explore and compare the table manners of both cultures.One major difference between Chinese and Western dining etiquette is the seating arrangement. In Chinese culture, the most honored guest is usually seated facing the entrance or with their back to the wall, while in Western culture, the host or hostess is typically seated at the head of the table. The seating arrangement reflects the emphasis on hierarchy and respect for elders in Chinese culture, whereas Western culture places moreimportance on the host's role in facilitating conversation and ensuring the comfort of guests.Another key difference in table manners is the use of utensils. In Chinese dining etiquette, chopsticks are the primary utensils used for picking up food, while in Western culture, a variety of utensils, including forks, knives, and spoons, are used to cut and eat food. The use of chopsticks requires precision and skill, while Western utensils allow for easier handling and cutting of food. Additionally, in Chinese culture, it is considered rude to stick chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice, as it resembles incense offerings made to the dead, whereas in Western culture, resting utensils on the plate is a sign that one has finished eating.Furthermore, the order of dishes served during a meal differs between Chinese and Western dining etiquette. In Chinese cuisine, dishes are typically served all at once and shared among diners, while in Western cuisine, meals are served in courses, starting with appetizers, followed by the main course, and ending with dessert. This difference reflects the communal nature of Chinese dining culture, where sharing food is a symbol of unity and harmony, while in Western culture, the order of dishes is structured to create a sense of progression and anticipation throughout the meal.Additionally, the way food is consumed and appreciated also varies between Chinese and Western cultures. In Chinese dining etiquette, slurping noodles or making noise while eating is considered acceptable and an indication of enjoying the meal, whereas in Western culture, such behavior is seen as impolite and disrespectful. Furthermore, in Chinese culture, it is common to express gratitude and appreciation for the meal by complimenting the host or chef, whereas in Western culture, thanking the host and offering compliments on the food is expected.In conclusion, the differences in table manners between Chinese and Western cultures reflect unique cultural values, traditions, and social norms. Understanding and respecting these differences is essential for effective cross-cultural communication and building relationships. By appreciating and learning from each other's dining etiquette, we can deepen our cultural understanding and foster mutual respect and appreciation.篇2Differences in Table Manners between Chinese and Western CulturesTable manners play an important role in both Chinese and Western cultures. However, there are distinct differences between the two in terms of dining etiquette. Understanding and respecting these differences is essential when interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds. In this essay, we will explore the disparities in table manners between Chinese and Western cultures.One major difference between Chinese and Western table manners is the use of utensils. Chinese cuisine mainly utilizes chopsticks as the primary eating utensil, while Western cuisine commonly employs forks, knives, and spoons. The use of chopsticks requires a certain level of skill and etiquette, such as not sticking them upright in a bowl of rice, as this is considered taboo in Chinese culture. On the other hand, in Western culture, it is acceptable to rest utensils on the plate between bites or when finished eating.Another key difference is the seating arrangement and serving order. In Chinese dining etiquette, the most important guest is seated facing the door, while in Western culture, the host usually occupies the head of the table. Additionally, in Chinese dining, dishes are usually served family-style and sharedamong guests, whereas in Western dining, each person is served individual portions.Furthermore, the concept of tipping also varies between Chinese and Western cultures. In Western countries, tipping is customary and expected for good service, usually ranging from 15% to 20% of the total bill. However, in China, tipping is not customary and can even be considered rude in some circumstances.Additionally, the way food is consumed differs between Chinese and Western cultures. In Chinese dining, it is common to pick up dishes with chopsticks and place them directly in the mouth. On the other hand, in Western dining, it is customary to use utensils to cut food into smaller pieces before eating.Lastly, the pace of dining also varies between the two cultures. In Chinese dining, meals are often served in several courses and can last for hours, allowing for ample time for conversation and enjoyment. In contrast, Western dining tends to be faster-paced, with all courses served relatively quickly.In conclusion, while there are many differences in table manners between Chinese and Western cultures, it is important to approach these disparities with an open mind and a willingness to learn. By understanding and respecting eachother's dining etiquette, we can foster greater cultural understanding and appreciation.篇3The Differences in Table Manners between Chinese and Western CulturesTable manners play an important role in both Chinese and Western cultures, as they reflect the values and traditions of a society. However, there are significant differences between Chinese and Western table manners, which can lead to misunderstandings and even cultural clashes. In this essay, we will explore the differences in table manners between Chinese and Western cultures.Firstly, one of the key differences between Chinese and Western table manners is the use of utensils. In Chinese culture, chopsticks are the primary utensil used for eating. Chopsticks are held in the right hand and used to pick up food from shared dishes. In contrast, Western culture predominantly uses knives, forks, and spoons for eating. Knives are used to cut food, forks are used to hold food in place, and spoons are used for soups and other liquid-based dishes.Additionally, there are differences in the seating arrangements at the dining table. In Chinese culture, the most honored guest is typically seated at the head of the table, facing the door. The host sits to the left of the guest of honor, while other guests are seated based on their social status. In Western culture, seating arrangements are less strict, with guests typically choosing their own seats. However, the host is usually seated at the head of the table, with guests seated on either side.Furthermore, the way food is served and shared differs between Chinese and Western cultures. In Chinese culture, food is typically served in large communal dishes and shared among all diners. It is common for diners to pick up food from shared dishes using chopsticks. In Western culture, food is usually served on individual plates and eaten separately. There is also a greater emphasis on etiquette in Western dining, such as chewing with your mouth closed and not talking with food in your mouth.Moreover, there are differences in the way beverages are consumed at the dining table. In Chinese culture, tea is the most common beverage served at meals. It is customary for the host to pour tea for guests as a sign of respect. In Western culture, a variety of beverages are consumed with meals, including water,wine, and soft drinks. Wine is often served with dinner, and it is considered polite to offer a toast to the host before drinking.In conclusion, there are significant differences in table manners between Chinese and Western cultures, which can lead to misunderstandings and cultural clashes. By understanding and respecting the table manners of different cultures, we can bridge the gap between East and West and appreciate the diversity of dining customs around the world.。
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AbstractThe topic for the culinary culture of the Western table manners ongoing comparison, so that people better understand the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures, for their own future development to make adequate preparations. In this thesis, their food culture in the West as the background, analyzing China and Britain and other Western countries tableware, seating arrangements, and cultural differences between Chinese and Western table manners of four dining atmosphere, and the Word table view, which reveals cause food culture the underlying causes of the differences. Through this study was to investigate the paper, can make people fully understand Western food culture, focusing on Cultural differences, thus enhancing people's intercultural communicative competence.Keywords: cultural differences between Chinese and Western dining table mannersCONTENTSCONTENTS (2)1 Introduction (3)2 Performance differences between Chinese and Western table manners42.1 Differences in time to attend , the Chinese concept oftime is a diverse people , Westerners concept of time is a single person . (4)2.2 Differences seating arrangements (4)2.3 Tableware differences. (5)2.4 Differences meal etiquette (5)3 Reasons for the difference between Chinese and Western table manners (8)3.1 Difference between Chinese and Western food ideas .. 83.2 Differences between Chinese and Western food objects 83.3 Different ways in Qinzhou food , cutlery and etiquette (9)3.3 Differences in the nature of the Western diet (10)Conclusion (11)References (12)1 IntroductionDifferences between Chinese and Western table manners , by the Western philosophical and ideological influence of social factors, so far from the two cultures . In China , no one party , no matter what the purpose , there will be a formality. Is everyone sitting around , sharing a seat ; banquet use round table , which formally created a united, courtesy of interesting momentum. Delicacies on the table of people in the center , it is an object table of people appreciate the taste , but also a table of people 's emotional communication medium . People toast each dish to persuade each other to allow food, then good things before , reflects the mutual respect between people struggle to let virtue. Reflects the Chinese Classical Philosophy "and" ideological influence in this area for future generations , to facilitate collective emotional communication , which has been difficult to reformThis mainly pasta and Western -oriented groups , details of table manners becomes more tedious and methodical . They are used in food Dining System , personal self sweep intraday dishes, soup bowl, regardless of others , each disturbance . Westerners also let voluntarily drink , brandy, whiskey , cocktails , like what drink , drink how much to drink , the individual will be respected , reflecting ideas and more reasonable diet .In summary, the Western etiquette ten million kinds , the following are some of my table manners analysis methods.2 Performance differences between Chinese and Western table manners2.1 Differences in time to attend , the Chinese concept of time is a diverse people , Westerners concept of time is a single person .Asked to do anything else, strict compliance with the schedule , which do what , so when attending dinner , this difference appears to be more prominent , in general , Chinese people are more inclined to time diversity mode ' late ' . Often after a half an hour to reach the stipulated time , the owner seems to have already mentally prepared , usually arrange some other programs during this ' waiting ' time, such as playing cards , drinking tea, chat , so that some of the ' first ' guests spend their time. For this ' late ' phenomenon both subject and object become accustomed to not see it as a kind of contempt for the host to offer or impolite. All at a predetermined time to start activities in Western countries , it is impolite to be late , formal banquet requests arrive , who after less than ten minutes , it will be considered substandard etiquette, is the owner and other guests are not respect .2.2 Differences seating arrangementsChina 's banquet seating is usually facing south on the north face , the formation of the 'South statue North Peel ' traditional values , 'South ' in the eyes of the Chinese people Suntech is a supreme symbol of the right , status and identity . Thus , we often see some of the diners at the banquet let let pushing , red in the face , the original order of the seat just for the sake of humility , in most Chinese banquet for high weight or elderly persons seated first and sat chief , which is because the Chinese people will seniority , respect for elders row seat as standard , in China , long the dominant Confucian culture and thought, Confucianism king, father , husband , long -respect, first, to the minister , son , his wife , was humble after the young , and thus there is formed a high or low , etc. , the couple are different, the idea of seniority . Westerners will be ladies first , respect for women's banquet rows of seats standard , while the other acts as a standard banquet, when the seating arrangements , first listed in the list of guests for sex , then forms and detailed seating arrangements accordingly seat If there is a common men and women to the party , co-chaired by the man of the house shall fitted to both male and female guests of the list , usually in the form of seating arrangements : male master and mistress opposite sides about female guest of honor for the man of the house then arrange a clockwise outward .2.3 Tableware differences.Two different ethnic cultural influence on the choice of different dishes , Chinese people use Chopsticks and Westerners use knives and forks. Affected due to the long Chinese farming culture , like the peace and stability of life , due to the opposition of aggression . Western countries due to the impact of hunting culture, like the feisty , and willingness to take risks , Chinese people like to use round table during a meal , eat with chopsticks reflects ----- unity and gas ; while Westerners are generally good enough with square table knife and fork , then giving a sense of the brutal killing of furious .However , with the development of economic exchanges between China and the West , the cutlery has been no clear distinction , many Westerners like to learn to use chopsticks to eat Chinese food, Chinese people also often into the restaurant and use a knife and fork .2.4 Differences meal etiquetteChinese dining etiquette reflects a ' make ' the spirit of party , all people will wait for the owner at the beginning , and only when the owner please meal before indicating the banquet , but the owner generally must first give the guest of honor take their food , make their first use . When a new dish up , please master, guest of honor and show respect for older people first , Western dining etiquette to convey a ' beauty ' of the spiritual quest , the whole process should not only delicious meal , but also pleasing to the eye , pleasing to the ear . First of all, not only dressed , often wearing the dress also required and requested to correct posture , and secondly, can not be issued without pleasing sound when eating , talking to each other to whisper , not loud noise . Table in the West , there are so few details are Chinese food on the table can not be understand. Such as:1 . When using the forks , knives and forks should be drawn outside to the inside , take the left fork to the right hand and took the knife when cutting things , take the left fork holding the food , the right to food into small pieces with a knife , fork and then into the mouth . When a knife , fork and knife can not outward , should be put into a knife and fork down meal in the ' eight ' shaped , respectively, on the edge of the plate , knife and fork toward themselves, said that he would continue to eat , eat each dish , the knife and fork together on the plate, if you are talking to , you can hold in your hand without having to put down . When the knife is not available right hand fork , but the gesture should For all put down the knife and fork , knife and fork must not hand waving in the air . Nor in one hand and a knife and fork in one hand and a napkin , and do not take food in one hand and a tissue in one hand , any time, can not be the end of the knife and fork on the plate and the other end on the table.2 . Do not sip soup when the Western table , eating chewing to shut up . Do not lick their lips or smack sound. If the soup hot, and so can be the first cooler drink , donot blow soup. When the soup with a spoon to scoop the soup from the outside , when the soup dish soup fast finish , soup plate with his left hand to the outside slightly cocked, with a spoon to scoop net . When eating soup , the soup spoon left in the pan , spoon the point itself.3 . When fish , meat and other dishes with thorns or bones , do not directly outside the spit , available Napkins Wuzui gently spit on the fork into the tray . If the disc remaining small amount of food , do not insert the bottom plate with a fork , not to eat with your fingers to help , should help small piece of bread or a fork to eat . Usea fork to eat pasta noodles rolled up first and then into the mouth.4 . It normally takes the bread into small pieces and then put in the mouth by hand , not holding a piece of bread to bite , but also the first time the bread into small pieces add a touch of butter or jam .5. When chicken , chicken breasts and more Europeans and Americans as expensive. Forced to eat chicken bones should be removed first , not eaten with the fingers . Do not turn over the fish when the fish after eating upper to use a knife and fork to eat the fish bones tick off the lower fish. To cut a piece to eat a cut or not cut too large meat are cut into pieces.6. Chinese move on the table , the table on the West static . Chinese people to eat as a matter of life music, great pomp , the momentum of excitement often breathtaking. Chinese people riding in the table , they are forever , let each other vegetables , urging people to drink , enjoy, delicacies, delicious cuisine. Such a way as to reflect the owner's banquet enthusiasm and sincere, heartfelt lively reflects the cheerful diners on the table . This " downtown" Chinese family from the refraction somehow cozy , neighborhood and Mu , people unite . Westerners go to the table is a dedicated sat quietly cutting their own dishes on the menu . You can chat with guests about the meal , but do not just talk to a few acquaintances. If the guests do not know about , you can introduce myself first . Others can not take the mouth interjected his speech . Keep the volume level of the other party can hear , and chew food do not speak, even if someone with your speech , swallowing and then have to wait for the answer . Chinese people generally follow the " derogatory several statues of people " principle, while Westerners emphasize the values of efficiency and pragmatism , in practice requires great attention to their face . Such as: When Chinese people a dinner party, put food on the table variety, at least 78 dishes, if it is a feast , the main course will be more and more expensive , the more exotic dishes will be more attentive to display the master and guest identity. The owner often say , "Today there is no good food to entertain everyone," "food done well, eat a little ," " excuse me " , " neglect your " kind of thing . The feast is generally four to five Western dishes to eat or slight residual component is not optimal . If at home , it is best eaten all the food , so the hostess will be very happy that you like her to do the dishes . Face feast , the owner would say, " We have to give everything to entertain ," the words. Westerners do not talk on the feast disgusting things , will do everything possible to employ subtle gentle word to replace generations.7 . Phone : Basically when eating Western food will not open the phone , unless you have a very important thing, and ringtones will be very quietly , you have to havea phone with you to say " sorry" and then got up and went to the phone . This one also applies when eating Chinese food , listen to the phone at meal time wherever people are cast aside . The Chinese people do not care about the details , and some people even put down the chopsticks phone began to talk , and some people still do not care about the length of time , even more than a half-hour chat .8. Wine drinking . Western table last dish is often wine, red wine , such as Porto , Portugal . It is often down to the right hand side of the cup , and then passed the bottle then the person next to you . This is the female guests will get up to the living room, while leaving men drink alcohol, smoking and talking . When the ladies got up , men should stand up, to show respect , when the ladies leave the back seat . Soon men also should go to the living room and the ladies together. China , wine has become the first course , and even some people from the outset last drink , and the owner must be constantly pouring also expressed enthusiasm for the guests , and some even to a " Buzuibugui " " not drunk do not give up "purposes. Western table wine of your own people be, how much to drink down , the owner is also fully respect your choice.3 Reasons for the difference between Chinese and Western table manners3.1 Difference between Chinese and Western food ideasHistorically, China is one of the oldest countries in the world , with 5,000 years of a long and rich history , creating countless brilliant civilization , hidden in this culture , making Chinese food more profound. With the passage of time and geographical differences vast territory , gradually formed four Cuisine , Cuisine of four self-contained , have their own characteristics , but the common denominator is the complexity of the materials used sophisticated , complex production methods , taste a variety of dishes , amazing.Western Europe and America , represented by its culture also has a long history . To the Middle Ages, European culture has been perfect, in the meantime , the old Western food culture has been formed. Its main features are: flour -based staple food , raw materials are also more abundant , the production method is simple compared to China , but also paid great attention to taste.Due to the different Western philosophical thought Westerners diet heavy in science . Heavy science that emphasizes nutrition. Therefore, the Western diet with the highest standards of nutrition , eating like a biological machine to add fuel , special emphasis on the content of food nutrients, protein, fat , carbohydrates , vitamins and various inorganic elements are appropriate mix , the supply of heat is just right and these nutrients are able to fully absorb eaters , with or without other side effects. These questions are asked college cooking , and food color , smell, taste how , it is inferior requirements. That diet or in the West 's premier big country - France , although its food culture in many ways with our approximation, but an access to nutritional problems , the two sides will pull away .Chinese flavors designed to reconcile the pursuit of delicious cooking technique , its processing and long hot frying Man Fire Attack , will make food nutrients are destroyed . Although the pursuit of delicious French cuisine also , but never forget , " nutrition" this premise, blindly seeking with delicious nutrition is they do not take . Especially modern cooking ideas emerged in the 1960s , with particular emphasis on health , diet , and thus less pursuit of light oil , emphasizes the use of fresh ingredients , emphasizing the cooking process nutrients and maintain the original flavor of the original , so basically vegetables is eaten raw. So heavy Western diet nutrition is a universal .3.2 Differences between Chinese and Western food objectsWesterners think the food is to eat , so eats a large piece of meat, whole chickensand other "hard food" ; while Chinese cuisine is "eat taste" . So Chinese cooking in the selected materials also show great randomness : Many Westerners as something thrown away , are excellent raw materials in China , foreign chefs can not handle things , one to cook Chinese hands on can be miraculous . Demonstration of Chinese food in broad terms with the randomness of the material .According to a survey of Western botanists , the Chinese people have more than 600 kinds of vegetables to eat , and more than six times the West . In fact, the Chinese people 's dishes , the vegetarian is usually food, meat dishes only when the holidays or a higher standard of living , before entering the usual diet, it has always been there , " fresh vegetables ," said the fresh vegetables in the diet of the usual dominates. Chinese people plant-based dishes, and Buddhists advocate inextricably linked . Buddhism as the animals they " creatures " , while the plant is " No Hope" So , advocates vegetarianism .Western diet characterized by the introduction of their own country , I felt more attention than China with a reasonable nutrition , there are more developed food industry, such as canned food, fast food , etc., although the taste is monotonous, but to save time , and good nutrition . Therefore their country than the Chinese people generally robust body : tall, long legs , large shoulders , well-developed muscles ; while the Chinese seem petite , short legs, narrow shoulders , yellow quality is weak. Some of the significant differences according to the characteristics of the object in the Western diet , the Chinese plant called character , Westerners called animal character.3.3 Different ways in Qinzhou food , cutlery and etiquetteWestern diet is very different , these differences also have an impact on the national character . In China , no one feast , no matter what the purpose , there will be only one form , is everyone sitting around , sharing a seat ; feast use the roundtable , which formally created a united, courtesy of Fun atmosphere . Delicacies on the table of people in the center , it is both a table of people enjoy tasting the object is a table of people 's emotional communication medium . People toast each other , make each other vegetables , advised dishes in front of the good things , reflects the mutual respect between people , let 's fight virtues . Although from a health point of view, this diet has obvious shortcomings, but it is consistent with our nation "happy ," the general attitude reflects the Chinese Classical Philosophy "and" ideological influence in this area for future generations , to facilitate collective emotional communication , which has been difficult to reform .In the cutlery , the difference would even more obvious. As we all know , the Chinese people, including some of the yellow race Asian countries , using chopsticks , spoons , eating bowl filled ; while Westerners do , it is the food on the plate , with knife and fork and cut that eating soup is a dedicated spoon. Chopsticks and forks as most representative of two things side dishes, chopsticks and forks affect something different side of life, representing two different kinds of intelligence. The famous physicist , Nobel Prize winner Dr. Li Zhengdao , in an interview with a Japanesereporter to interview , there are some very brilliant exposition : " The Chinese nation is an excellent nation, the Chinese people as early as the Spring and Autumn period on the use of chopsticks . such a simple two things , but it is sublime exquisite use of the lever principle in physics . chopsticks is an extension of the human finger , the finger can do it almost can do , and not afraid of high temperature and cold. really very clever ! "In the ritual , the western two more different . In ancient China, in the dining process, on a set of red tape. " Book of Rites song in mind," contains: " not full of food of rice not choose the hand , not put rice, ...... was not solid , Wu Yang rice, ...... soldier food, passengers from the front kneeling , sprinkle rice Sarkozy to grant phase who resigned as the owner of the passengers, and then off to sit , " these words to the effect mainly: when we work together to eat, not eat their own interests . If you eat with others , you must check hands clean. Do not take extra rice back into the pot , not exclusively occupied the food , do not winnow a hot meal . After dinner , guests should pack up and move the dishes on the table , to the owner , the owner followed up , guests are not working , then the guests and then sit down. Some of these rituals are also necessary in modern manners . Feast in the West , the owner generally only one dish to the guests folder , and the rest consumed by the guests autonomy : if guests do not have hard and let people eat , nor according to the Chinese people's habit of frequently urging people to drink to guests , take their food . When eating , do not make noise , but guests should note with appreciation of the owner to prepare meals. If you talk to people , only , do not talk to your neighbor and talk with people from far away .3.3 Differences in the nature of the Western dietDifferent concepts of diet , Western diet tends to make scientific , rational, Chinese food tends art sensibility . Cooking from the diet , diet was originally designed to supply to maintain a nutritious life. The focus of Western dietary practices is just an extension of the original diet practicality ; while eating customs in China 's emphasis on flavor , put the food into a palace of art . As can be seen from both diet concept : Western diet increasingly standardized , the national diet arbitrary .Western food culture differences are obvious , and have their own strengths. With economic globalization and the information flow becomes accelerated integration of Chinese and Western food culture will continue in the collision , complementary to each other in a fusion . Now the Chinese have begun to focus on the nutrition , health and cooking the science ; western Chinese have begun to color , smell, taste , meaning , the realm of development shaped. Western food culture will jointly develop exchanges .ConclusionWestern table manners in different cultures is an important part of the national cultural differences between Chinese and Western , traditional Western culture is a culture of livestock and marine culture, Chinese culture is the farming culture and land , two different cultures reflect differences in the way people live , where table manners and cultural differences is one aspect of a representative of each country , the people of each region are consciously or unconsciously reveal their profound cultural background in the diet. Such as: China , followed by the form bears eat a rich sense of psychological and cultural as well as people 's awareness and understanding of things , to obtain a more profound social significance , that translate into a psychosocial adjustment, there are many scholars this unique Chinese concept of "Food" called " pan- food ' cultural tendencies , creating differences between Chinese and Western food culture and the differences between Chinese and Western culture, table manners , this difference comes from the Western way of thinking and a different philosophy of life . Chinese people pay attention to "Heaven" Westerners focus on "people -oriented" concept of the difference between the value of the formation of such a lunch to eat ideographic to matter teaser features , focusing on the type and quantity of food , with little regard for nutritional meals . Although the U.S. pursuit diet overwhelm rational .With the acceleration of economic globalization and information exchange , Western table manners and cultural integration in the collision will continue to complement each other in a fusion . So now the Chinese have begun to focus on the nutrition , health and science of cooking , table manners also tend to civilization , science . Who does not exist between the two cultures, who advanced behind , the future of the world, will also continue to blend the two cultures , through .Differences in social background , history and culture led to the differences between Chinese and Western table manners , table manners to some extent a reflection of a lifestyle , and habits are not formed in a short time available to it. It is actually a historical and cultural sedimentation and extension. Therefore, the cultural differences between Chinese and Western table manners are also a part of the Western tradition of cultural differences .References[1] Baidu Encyclopedia, table manners, /view/685669.htm[2] Wikipedia, table manners, /wiki/ table manners[3] Yi Zhongtian, "culture on the table."[4] Ya Red, "as well as differences between Chinese and Western food culture comparison table manners," "The Border Economy and Culture", 2009 4[5] Baidu library, "table manners and Western cultures"/view/076092dc5022aaea998f0fd4.html。