党校研究生剑桥英语9-15课背诵和翻译
党校研究生剑桥英语(9-16)听力练习
UNIT9P62 10 listening1.How to overcomeshyness 如何克服羞怯心理M: Well, I think if you’re really shy it might be a good idea to see a therapist or someone like that –you know, to get some professional help. Y ou can’t always change by yourself. 嗯，我认为如果你真的很害羞，去看心理治疗师或类似这样的人可能是一个好主意，你知道，你可以得到一些专业帮助。
你不能总是靠自己来改变。
W: Or how about getting one of those self-help books from the library? I’m sure there are books around with lots of good suggestions that you can try. 或者到图书馆找一本自助的书怎么样？我肯定那里有些书中会有很多好的建议，你可以试一试这些建议。
M: I think the best thing is to join a club and do activities where you have to meet and talk to different people. Like, if you join a theater group and work on putting on a play, you’ll probably be able to overcome your shyness. 我认为最好的方法是加入一个俱乐部，参与一些活动，在活动中那你必须去和不同的人见面并交谈。
比如，如果你加入一个戏剧社并扮演角色，你很可能可以克服你的羞怯心理。
2.How to stop bitingyour fingernails 如何停止咬指甲M: I think biting yourfingernails is just a sign ofnervousness, so the firstthing to do is to find outwhat’s making younervous. Once you’veidentified that problemand then solved it, the nailbiting will disappear. 我想咬指甲只是一个内心紧张的表现，所以首先要做的是找出什么事情使你紧张不安。
研究生英语系列教材上 第9单元 A篇课文翻译参考
研究生英语系列教材上第9单元 A 篇参考译文住房危机走向郊区在过去的五年里;弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县的住房价格增长速度是家庭收入增长速度的12倍。
今天，该县中等家庭不得不将其收入的54%用于购买位于该县的普通住房;在2000这个数字是26%。
形势如此严峻，以至于费尔法克斯县最近开始对年收入90，000美元的家庭提供住房补贴;很快，这个数字可能提高到I10，000美元。
1. 富兰克林·罗斯福总统曾经说经济大萧条造成1/3的美国人住房简陋、衣衫楼兰、营养不良，然而70午后的今天，美国人却是穿着考究、营养日益过剩。
但是，廉价房稀缺是一场日益加深的民族危机，而不仅仅是依靠福利为生的城市家庭的危机。
这个问题己经波及中产阶级，并向郊区蔓延，在那里服务工作者及其家属挤在过于狭小的公寓里，大学毕业生不得不借宿在父母家，而消防队员、警察和教师在他们所服务的社区也买不起房。
2．住房拥有率接近历史最高位，但有房户和无房户之间的差距越来越大，有房子离工作单位80英里远的有房户之间的差距也越来越大。
现在，1／3的美国人花费至少30%的收人用于住房，联邦政府将这种情况定义为"无力支付"的负担，而有一半的穷打工仔花费至少50%的收人用于租房，这种情况被称为"极其严重"的负担。
在过去10午里，房地产迅猛发展，这使得在此之前就已经购置房产的美国人大赚特赚了一把，但现在廉价房对中、低收人的美国人来说，是一个比税收、社会保险、汽油价、格更严重的问题。
3美国曾经非常关注廉价房间题。
1934午和1937午，罗斯福签署了住房立法，提供抵押贷款、攻府公寓，并为那些穷困潦倒的工人提供建筑工作。
1949午，国会树立了官方目标---- "让每一个美国家庭都能拥有一个体面的家和宜居环境，"而到了1974年，尼克松总统开始对数以百万计的低收入租户在私有住房方面提供租金补贴凭单。
半个世纪以来，在华盛顿发生的大多数住房方面的辩论都围绕着一个主题:即应该在多大程度上扩大联邦政府的资助。
研究生英语上册Unit9new words
spinster和 bachelor这两个词也同样如 此 —— 表示不同性别的“未婚之人”。
neuter
adj. 中性的；不及物的；无性的
pejorative
adj. 轻蔑的
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prissiness
n.严肃谨慎
bachelor 是个中性词，经常用作褒 义，而spinster却一般用作贬义，具 有拘谨、大惊小怪等涵义。
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你很少听到一个已过青春期的男子 被称为男孩，除非在像“和男孩子 出去”这样的短语中，它流露出一 种少年轻浮和不负责任的腔调。
lurk
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n.潜伏；埋伏 vi.潜伏；潜藏；埋伏 这大概是因为“女孩”和“女士” 都同样是委婉用法：在强调未成熟 这个概念时，“女孩”排除了“女 人”所潜藏的性的含义。
baldly
adv.露骨的；直截了当地，率直地
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像这样的句子，自然存有其它解释 的可能性，一种可能性是：说话者 心目中有一个特定的回答 —— “是的”或“不是” —— 但他不 愿直述其言。
subliminal
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adj.潜在意识的；微小的难以察觉 的 n. 潜意识
这种不确定性又进一步下意识地得 到强化。
overtones
n. 泛音；弦外之音
Chivalry
n. 骑士精神；骑士制度
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Stature
n.身高，身材（精神、道德等 的）高度
另一方面，许多妇女认为，“女士” 一词寓意深刻，使人想起骑士风范 的那个时代：赋予所指之人很高的 地位。
denigrate
vt. 诋毁；使变黑；玷污
研究生新阶英语阅读 Unit 9 参考译文
研究生新阶英语阅读unit9参考译文Text A单项计时和多项计时1多年接触外国文化使我发现，复杂的社会在组织时间上至少有两种不同的方式：一种是根据不同时段安排不同任务，一次干一件事，这种计时制多见于北欧地区；另一种是在一个时段同时进行多项任务。
这两种系统在逻辑上和实际操作上都迥然不同，因此就像油和水，无法互融，各自既有优点也有缺点。
我把同时做多项事情称为多项计时或P-time,而把北欧系统——一次做一件事——称为单项计时或M-time。
多项计时强调的是人员的参与以及任务的完成，而不是强调对事前计划的执行。
对待预约时间也并不很认真，因此，食言是常有的事。
同时，多项计时也不像单项计时那样明确。
多项计时的人们很少感觉时间“被浪费了”。
时间通常被看作是一个点而不是一条丝带或一段路，但这个点一般却是很郑重和严肃的。
例如，如果一个阿拉伯人说：“我一个小时左右会见你”或者“我两天后见你”。
第一句话意味着他（她）会在一个小时之内见你。
第二句话意味着至少两天之后才会见你。
身处多项计时模式的社会里，人们严肃认真地对待这些承诺。
2尽管单项计时文化中的人恪守时间的安排，但是有时事情的发生却不像单时制预料地那么好。
因为我们的生活在很多时候都是难以预料的，谁能准确无误的预言某一客户、病人或多宗交易将要进行的时间。
这些都是人生交往中无法估量的因素。
也许今天十分钟能完成的事，明天得需要二十分钟才行。
有时人们有拼命还赶不完的任务，而过几天却又有剩余时间，所以说他们“浪费了”剩余的时间。
3北美人在拉美和中东经常会感到心情郁闷。
因为不论在地中海和阿拉伯国家的市场、商店还是集市，他们都处在多项计时的大环境中，周围到处是购物付款的顾客，但只有一位收银员，大家都争着吸引收银员的注意，收银员也恨不得一次就让所有人付完帐。
由于没有公认的秩序确定谁先谁后，也没有排队一说，因此也就不清楚到底谁来得最早。
对北欧或美国人来说，周围似乎充斥着混乱和喧嚣。
剑桥雅思9听力原文加翻译双语
Text 1Section1W: Good evening。
King's restaurant.W:晚上好.国王的餐厅。
M: Good evening. I'm ringing about the job I understand you have vacant?M:晚上好。
我打电话是关于工作我理解你有空吗?W: Oh, yes。
W:哦，是的。
M: I'd like to find out a few more details if I may。
M:我想如果我可以找到更多的细节。
W：Yes, of course。
Can I take your name？W:是的，当然。
我能把你的名字吗?M: It’s Peter Chin.M：这是彼得的下巴。
W: Ok, Peter. Well, if you want to ask about the job and then if we’re both still interested，we could arrange you to come for an interview.W:好的，彼得。
好吧,如果你想问一下工作，然后如果我们都仍然有兴趣,我们可以安排你来参加面试。
M：Great, thanks. I’m afraid I missed the advert for the job but I heard about it from a friend。
M：很好，谢谢.我恐怕错过了广告的工作,但是我从一个朋友那里听说的。
W：That's no problem at all。
What would you like to know?W：没问题。
你想知道什么？M：Well, um，what sort of work is it- washing up？M：好吧,嗯,什么样的工作——洗餐具吗？W: It's answering the phone。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 9
Pollution is a dirty wordThe earth is our home.we must take care of it,for ourselves and for the next generation.This means preserving the quality of our environment.地球是我们的家，为了我们和我们的下一代我们必须保护她。
这意味着我们要保护我们环境的质量。
The importance of this task is stressed by scientists who study the relation of man to nature.These scientists are called ecologists,from the Greek word oikos,which means home.Ecologists are responsible for keeping the land,air and water clean.”How are we doing?”an ecologist was asked recently.”Lousy,the scientist said,sniffing the fume-laden air.”We’re got to do a better job-and soon-or it will be too late.”研究人与自然关系的科学家强调了这个任务的重要性。
这些科学家被称为生态学家，这个词源于希腊语oikos，意思是家。
生物学家对保护土地、空气和水源的洁净负有责任。
一个生物学家最近被问到：“我们做的怎么样？”他嗅着满是烟雾的空气回答说：“很差劲，我们必须要做的更好，否则很快就会太迟了。
”Consume,consume,consume!Our society is consumer oriented-dangerously so.To keep the wheels of industry turning,we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities,and ,in the process,are rapidly exhausting our natural resources.But this is only half the problem.What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out?They must be disposed of,but how and where?Unsightly junk-yards full of rusting automoniles already surround every city in the nation.Americans throw away 80 billion bottles and cans each year,enough to build more than ten stacks to the moon.There isn’t room for much more waste and yet the factories grind on.They cannot stop because every one wants a job.Our standard of living,one of the highest in the world,required the consumption of manufactured products in ever-increasing amounts.Man,about to be buried in his own waste,is caught in a vicious cycle.”Stop the world ,I want to get off.”is the way a popular song put man’s dilemma.消费，消费，消费！我们的社会是以消费者为中心的，而这是非常危险的。
党校研究生剑桥英语(916)语法
第9课（语法）1.How can I buildself-confidence-participate in more socialactivities.2.What could help mebe happier?-plan funactivities to lookforward to everyweek.3.How can I loseweight?-cut down oncalories.4.What can I do to savemoney?-come upwith a budget.5.How can I improvemy memory?-playconcentration games.6.How can I get alongwith my roommatebetter?-try not to getpeeved about littlethings.第11课（语法二）1.If I’d listened to myparents, I would havemade more pragmaticdecisions.2.If I’d been moreactive, I wouldn’t beoverweight.3.If I’d been moreambitious, I couldhave gotten apromotion.4.If I’d studied harderin school, I couldhave learned a lotmore.5.If I’d saved mymoney, I wouldn’t beas broke as I am now. 第10课（语法）1.Rock music has beenpopular for more than50 years. The Beatleswere a well-knownEnglish band in the1960s. Theyperformed togetherfor ten years-from1960 to 1970. In 2003,the Beatles releasedanother album, eventhough two of theoriginal members hadalready died. Thealbum was recordedin 1969, nearly 40years ago.2.In 2003, the UnitedStates launched twoMars explorationspacecraft. Theirmission, which lasedfor more than a year,was to gatherinformation about therocks, soil, andatmosphere on Marsusing rovers calledspirit andOpportunity. Therovers functionedlonger than anyoneexpected –scientiststhought they wouldlast for only fourmonths on Mars.During/In that timethey sent backthousands of picturesof the surface ofMars.第（10）课（语法）1．In ten years, flightsfrom New York toTokyo will take lessthan two hour. (take)2．Soon they will sellcomputers that cantranslate perfectlyfrom one language toanother. (sell)3．By the middle of thetwenty-first century,scientists will havediscovered a way toprevent aging.(discover)4．Sometime in thefuture, scientists willinvent a machinethat transmits ourthoughts.(invent)5．Within 50 years,people will be livingon the moon. (live)6．In less than a century,global warming willhave melted most ofthe polar ice capsand many coastalcities will havedisappeared.(melt/disappear)第（10）课（阅读）The term globalvillage implies that peoplearound the world areconnected and face thesame kinds of problems.The global village becamepossible because ofpolitical and technologicalchanges in the past halfcentury. Politically, theend of the cold war madethe global village possibleby opening new channelsof communicationsbetween nations. Theevolution of themicrochip has madesatellites and computerspossible. These newforms of communicationhave made people moreaware of their neighbors.第15课语法二1. You can’t escapeadvertising nowadays, canyou?2. There aren’t enoughgun-control laws, arethere?3. Noise pollution is amajor problem here, isn’tit?4. There are more andmore homeless people onthe streets, aren’t there?5. The sales taxshould be lowered,shouldn’t it?6. It isn’t easy to savemoney these days, is it?7. Downsizing ishurting the economy, isn’tit?8. The city doesn’t doenough for stray animals,does it?第13课（语法一）1.Jane is in a terriblemood today. Shecould have had afight with herboyfriend.2.Brian got a call andlooked worried. Hecouldn’t have heardgood news.3.The teacher looksvery happy today.He may have gottena raise.4.Maura couldn’t keepher eyes open. Shemust not havegotten enough sleep.5.Teff was fired fromhis job. He mightnot have done hiswork on time.6.My cousin is shortof money again. Shemust have spent toomuch last month.第16课（语法）Not being distracted by household chores or hobbies.4 What’s one of the best things about being a police officer?Getting to know people from all parts of society.5 What’s one of the most interesting aspects of working abroad?Learning how people in other cultures live and think.6 What’s one of the most difficult aspects of doing volunteer work?Finding enough time to do it on a regular basis. 第12课（语法二）MTV is one of the mostpopular televisionnetworks in the world.People love MTV notonly because of its musicvideos, but also becauseof it clever and diverseprogramming. Since itkeeps its shows up-to-theminute, young peoplewatch MTV for the latestfads in music and fashion.MTV is also well knownfor its music awards show.The reason why manypeople watch it is to seeall the fashionable guests.MTV even has showsabout politics. Theseshows are popularbecause they areinformative and appealingto young people. Becauseof MTV’s widespreadpopularity, manyteenagers have becomeless industrious with theirhomework.第16课（语法）1 What’s one of therewards of being ateacher?Helping people learnthings that they couldn’tlearn on their own.2 What’s one of the mostdifficult things aboutbeing an emergency-roomnurse?Dealing withlife-or-death situationsevery day.3 What’s one of themost challenging thingsabout telecommutingfrom home?第13课（语法二）1.A: I invited myboyfriend over tomeet my parents, buthe arrived wearingtorn jeans. He lookedso messy!B: Well, he couldhave dressed ( dress )neatly. I would haveasked (ask) him towear something nicer.2.A: John borrowed mycar and dented it.When he returned it,he didn’t even sayanything about it!B: He should havetold (tell) you! Well, Iwouldn’t have lent(not lend) it to him inthe first place. He’s aterrible driver.3.A: I’m exhausted.Mary came over andstayed until 2 A.M.!B: She shouldn’t havetold (not stay) so late.You should havestarted (start)Yawning. Maybe shewould have gotten thehint!4.A: Tom invited me toa play, but I ended uppaying for us both!B: I wouldn’t havepaid (not pay) for him.He shouldn’t haveinvited (not invite)you if he was short ofmoney.第15课（语法一）1.People shouldn’t beallowed to use cellphone while driving.(allow)2.Young peoplemustn’t be permittedto get marriedbefore age 15.(permit)panies ought tobe required to giveworkers periodicbreak. (require)4.People shouldn’t beallowed to have petsin high-riseapartments. (allow)5.Scientists have gotto be permitted touse animals forresearch. (permit)ws must bepassed to ban thesale of handguns.(pass)7.The sale of furproducts shouldn’tbe permitted.(permit)8.Something shouldbe done to stopclubs from stayingopen so late. (do)。
精读第九课翻译
第九课最危险的猎物1.“将军，”瑞斯福德语气坚定地说，“我希望马上离开这个岛。
”2.将军扬起眉毛，仿佛自尊心受到了伤害。
3.“我希望今天就走，”瑞斯福德说道。
他看到将军那双冰冷、毫无表情的黑眼睛在盯着他，审视着。
突然，扎洛夫将军露出笑容，为瑞斯福徳的杯子斟上了酒。
4.“今晚，”将军说，“我们去打猎棗你和我。
”5.“不，将军，”瑞斯福德说，“我不去打猎。
”6.将军耸了耸肩。
“悉听尊便，我的朋友。
如何选择完全取决于你。
不过我能否冒昧地提醒你注意，你难道没有发现我对体育运动的看法要比伊凡的更有趣吗？”7.将军朝站在角落里的那个巨人点了点头，巨人两只粗壮的胳膊交叉着放在他那像啤酒桶般的胸前。
8.“你不是棗”瑞斯福德大叫起来。
9.“亲爱的朋友，”将军说，“我不是告诉过你，我从不拿打猎的事开玩笑吗？”10.将军举起了酒杯，可瑞斯福德仍然坐在那，紧盯着他。
11.“你会发现这场游戏值得一玩。
”将军热情洋溢地说，“较量你我的智慧，较量森林生活的技巧，较量体力与耐力。
这不过是场室外象棋比赛！下这样大的赌注可谓昂贵，嗯？”12.如果我赢了棗瑞斯福德声音沙哑地开口道。
13.“如果我到第三天午夜还找不到你的话，我会欣然认输。
”将军说，“我会用小船把你送到陆地上靠近小镇子的地方。
”他了一口葡萄酒，然后一本正经的继续说道：“伊凡会向你提供猎装、食物，还有一把刀子。
我建议你穿上路皮鞋，这样鞋印就不容易被发现了。
我还建议你要避开岛东南角的那片大沼泽地，我们叫它死亡沼泽，那里有流沙。
一个白痴曾试过。
令人遗憾的是拉撒路斯撵上了他。
他可是我最优秀的猎犬。
好啦，请原谅，我得告辞啦。
我吃完午饭后总要睡上一小觉。
恐怕你几乎没有时间睡了。
毫无疑问，您想动身了吧。
黄昏之前我不会追你。
夜里打猎要比白天打猎更刺激，你不这样认为吗？瑞斯福德先生，再见。
”14.扎洛夫将军深深地优雅地鞠了个躬，信步走出了房间。
15.瑞斯福德在灌木丛中艰难地前行了两个小时。
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UNIT9Perhaps you’ve had experiences like these. Most people have.也许你也有过同样的经历，大多数人如此And, what’s worse, most people have resigned themselves to a life of forgetting. 更糟糕的是，很多人听任自己处于健忘之中。
They’re unaware of a simple but important fact: Memory can be developed. If you’ll just accept that fact, this book will show you how.他们没有意识到的一个简单但重要的事实：记忆可以开发。
如果你接受这个事实，这本书将告诉你怎么做。
Fist, relax. If you’re overanxious about remembering something, you’ll forget it.首先，放松，如果你过度焦虑于记住某事，你会忘了它。
Relaxing will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate. Take deep breaths and tell yourself that you have all the time in the world to remember. 放松会提升你的意识和集中精力的能力。
深呼吸，告诉自己，你有世界上所有的时间去记住。
UNIT10POLITICALCHAN GES 政治改变The years followingWorld War Ⅱ seemed topromise peace.二战之后的岁月似乎承诺了和平。
In fact, in 1945, theUnited Nations wasfounded to helpcountries resolvedisputes peacefully.事实上，在1945，联合国的创立是为了帮助国家和平解决争端。
However, this promisewas soon broken by theCold War-distrust andtension between theUnited States and theSoviet Union.但是，这种承诺很快被美苏之间的冷战—不信任和紧张局势所打破These two superpowersengaged in an arms race,spending huge amountsof money on weapons.这两个超级大国开展军备竞赛，在武器上花费大量金钱。
The other nations ofthe world were dividedinto two “sides,” andthe world was frozen ina state of hostility.世界上的其他国家被分为两边，世界僵持于敌对状态。
The development of theglobal village willalmost certainlycontinue into thefuture, Not only isthis probable, but thechallenges that theworld faces-forexample, conflictsamong peoples,pollution, andpopulationgrowth-will make itnecessary.地球村的发展几乎肯定会延续到未来，这不仅是可能的，是整个世界所面临的挑战，：种族冲突、、污染、人口增长都使其成为必然。
UNIT11After I finished highschool, I just wasn’tready to go on tocollege.我高中毕业以后，我还没有准备好去上大学。
I really needed sometime to figure out whatI wanted to do.我需要时间来弄明白自己想要什么。
I had saved up a lot ofmoney, so I used it totravel through EasternEurope for six months.我已经存了很多钱，所以我用它穿越东欧六个月。
It was an amazingexperience, and Ilearned a lot aboutmyself.这是一次了不起的经历，我也对自己了解了很多。
Once I got home, I wasready to startcollege.当我回到家，我准备好去上大学。
Now the only trouble isthat I don’t haveenough money to pay forit!现在唯一的问题是我没有钱交学费了。
Before I decided totake such an expensivetrip, I should havethought morepragmatically about myfinancial decisions.在我决定开始这样昂贵的旅行之前，我应该更务实的考虑我的财务决定。
UNIT12Sometim es it’s theslogan that doesn’t work.有时是它的口号没有产生作用。
No company knows thisbetter than Pepsi-Cola,with its “Come alivewith Pepsi!”campaign .没有哪个公司比百事可乐对此体会的更深，对于他们的“喝百事有活力”营销活动。
The campaign was sosuccessful in theUnited States, Pepsitranslated its sloganliterally for itsinternationalcampaign.这个营销活动在美国获得极大的成功。
百事将这个口号逐字翻译到国际营销活动中。
As it turned out, the translations weren’t quite right. Pepsi was pleading with Germans to “Come out of the grave” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the grave.”实际情况是，这个翻译并不十分准确。
百事恳求德国人是“从坟墓中出来”，告诉中国人的是“百事将把你们的祖先从坟墓中带出来”UNIT13Today, the town of Silver Cliff, Colorado, has a population of only 100 people. Once, however, it was a prosperous mining town where thousands came with dreams of finding silver and making their fortune.今天，银崖镇，科罗拉多州，人口只有100人。
曾经，然而，这是一个繁荣的矿业城市，成千上万的人带着他们的寻银梦和他们的财富梦想来到这里。
UNIT14While there are manytypes of films made inIndia, the mostpopular are the moviesmade in Bollywood. 印度制作了各种类型的电影，但是最流行的还是宝莱坞发行的。
The films, which aremade in the Hindilanguage, generallydeal with Indianhistory and socialproblems. 这种印地语的电影，通常反映的是印度的历史和社会问题。
The average Bollywoodfilm runs about threehours, but audiencesdon’t seem to mind thelength.宝莱坞电影的平均时长有3小时，但是关注似乎并不介意他的长度。
The stories aremelodramatic: Heroesdrive around in flashycars, actresses twirlaround in beautifulcostumes, and the poorboy always triumphsagainst the richvillain.故事情节总是很夸张：英雄开着名车，女演员穿着漂亮的服装旋转出场，穷小子总是战胜有钱的恶棍。
They also feature manymusical numbers,usually love songs.他们还发行了很多音乐剧，通常都是爱情歌曲。
UNIT15Although some peoplefind reasons tojustify plagiarism,虽然很多人寻找理由来证明抄袭合法,others feel the issueis clear-cut: Theyfeel it is morallywrong, and consider itstealing-a theft ofideas rather thanmoney.其他人认为问题很清晰明了:他们认为抄袭是道德问题,并且认为这是小偷偷思想而不是偷钱。
These people believethat students whoplagiarize benefitunfairly.这些人相信学生从抄袭中受益是不公平的。
They receive a bettergrade than theydeserve.他们得到了比应得的更好的成绩。