【初中英语】2017年中考英语考点总动员系列试卷(36份) 人教版20

考点十一主谓一致聚焦考点☆温习理解定义：在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

根据主谓语之间的规律大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

一、语法一致语法一致即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。

①当and连接两个或多个名词，或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。

②不定代词eit her，neither，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，so mebody，s omething，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。

③由each，each...and each...，every...and every...，every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。

④主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，more than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。

如：Mr.Green with his wife an d two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。

⑤“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：A number of trees are cut down.许多树木被砍倒了。

The number of students in our class is 32.我们班学生人数为32。

⑥“a lot of(lots of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。

如：Lots of people hav e been there.很多人去过那儿。

⑦由“a pair(a kind，a series...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)＋of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：A pair of sungla sses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。

Fifteen pairs of sh oes are made each day.每天能制作15双鞋。

⑧某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves...)作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。

如：My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。

⑨不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Reading is learning.读书就是学习。

二、逻辑意义一致原则意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

①由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。

如：The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。

The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。

②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。

如：Three years is a long time.三年是一段很长的时间。

③集体名词(如family，team，crowd，company，class，group，government...)如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。

如：My family is a small one with three people.我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。

④people，police，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：The police are h elping a girl find her mother.警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。

⑤算式中，表示加法和乘法时谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式，但表示减法和除法时谓语动词必须用单数形式。

如：What is/are three times three？3乘以3是多少？三、就近一致原则在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

1. 当两个主语由either ……or，neither ……nor，whether ……or ……，not only ……but also 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。

2. there b e句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。

如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。

注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。

名师点睛☆典例分类类型一、语法一致【例1】—Who ________ a pet in your class? —Many students ________.A. have; hasB. has; hasC. has; haveD. have; have【例2】Lily with her parents_______ the Greener China since two years ago.A. have joinedB. has joinedC. has been inD. have been in【点睛】判断出主语的单复数是解答此类题型的关键，注意一些常见词在表示单复数时的习惯用法。

类型二、语法一致【例3】【2016湖北黄石】— Why does the earth look blue in space?— Because most o f the earth’s surface ______by water.A．covers B．is covered C．cover D．are covered【点睛】解答此类题型关键是注意牢记一些特殊名词在表示不同意义时的不同用法。

类型三、就近原则【例4】【2016贵州黔西南】There two sofas and a table in her room.A.haveB.isC.areD.was【点睛】初中阶段就近原则主要考查的也就是there be句型以及几个固定句式的应用，牢记即可。

课时作业☆能力提升1. –What the number of the students in your school?–About two thousand. A number of students from England.A. is ；areB. is ；isC. are ；is2.I think ____of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam_____ easy .A. three fourths，isB. third four，areC. three fourth，isD. three fourths，are3. There a lot of furniture in the house. so we don't have to buy any more.A.amB. i sC.areD. be4. _________ of the population in this area __________ farmers.A. Two thirds ,areB. Two thirds, isC. Two third, is5. ---______ Tom _____ to work hard to help his family ?---Yes, he_______ .A. Does ; have; doesB. Has; / ; doesC. Does ; has; has6. A number of stars _____ going to the concert, but th e number of them _______unknown.A. are; areB. is; isC. are; isD. is; are7. Both the children ______ good at maths.A. isB. beC. areD. being。