不能用分词替换的定语从句
定语从句简化的四种方法
定语从句简化的四种方法定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，为了使句子更简结，可以把定语从句简化为短语，其方法有以下几种：一，当定语从句中谓语动词的后面是介词短语时，只需要去掉关系代词和谓语动词即可，例如：1:The student that is from Canada speaks French.The student from Canada speaks French.2:The book that is on the table is expensive.The book on the table is expensive.二，当定语从句是主动结构，且是进行时态（现在进行时态和过去进行时态），或者当定语从句表示经常性的动作或状态时，可以简化为分词短语，例如：1:The boy that is reading a book is Tom.The boy reading a book is Tom.2:The students who study here are all from Shanghai.The students studying here are all from Shanghai.三,当定语从句是被动结构时，去掉关系代词和助动词，成为一个过去分词短语，例如：1:This is a book which was written by a writer.This is a book written by a writer.2:The floor that was swept by Bill yesterday is clean now.The floor swept by Bill yesterday is clean now.四，当定语从句中的谓语动词，表示一个将要发生的动作或者有某种情态意义时，可以简化为动词不定式，例如：1:She has a lot of work that she must do.She has a lot of work to do.简化下列定语从句：(作业题)1:I bought a book that was written by Luxun.2:That boy who is studying in class is my brother.3:Now I have one thing that I must tell you .4:The man that is at the school gate is my headmaster.。
高一定语从句讲解
高一定语从句讲解关于高一定语从句讲解关于高一定语从句讲解有哪些呢？我们不妨一起来参考下范文吧！希望对您有所帮助！以下是店铺为您搜集整理提供到的关于高一定语从句讲解内容，希望对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读参考学习！关于高一定语从句讲解一、什么是定语(Attributive) :aloyalfriend 形容词作定语awomanteacher 名词作定语a girlwith long hair介词短语作后置定语falling / fallenleaves 分词作定语定语从句在句中相当于一个定语的成分起修饰的作用。
二、定语从句的构成：1）which/thata. Annawas wearinga hat.b.Itwas too dirty.定从： Annawas wearing a hatwhich/thatwas too dirty. （主语）安娜戴了一顶很脏的帽子。
a.The hatwas too dirty.b. Anna was wearinga hat定从：The hatthat/ whichAnna was wearing was too dirty.（宾语）安娜戴着的那顶帽子太脏了。
2). who/whoma. I meta boy.b. Theboy can speak three languages.定从： I met a boy who can speak three languages.（主语）我见到了一个能说三种语言的`男孩儿。
a. Theboy can speak three languages.b. I met a boy.定从：The boy whom/ who I met can speak three languages.(宾语）我见到的男孩儿能说三种语言。
3. whosea. We saw some people.b. Their arms had broken.定从： We saw some people whose arms had broken.我们看见了一些手臂受了伤的人。
定语从句(详解及关键注意事项)
定语从句1、定语可以由形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句．2、定语从句用来修饰名词，代词或整个主句．3、定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
4、定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词+从句5、定语从句的构成步骤：1）找出先行词a．确定从句中关系代词的人称和数。
b．确定定语从句的位置（一般定语从句都紧跟在先行词后）2）确定关系代词在从句中所担当的成分，以确定关系代词的格。
3）确定从句时态，根据实际情况确定定语从句的时态（它的时态和语态都不受主句的限制）。
（一）定语从句及相关术语1、定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
(1) I, who am your best friend, will do all that I can to help you.(2) The family, who are fond of music, go to the concert once a month.(3) He is one of the boys in our class who speak English well.（one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数形式）(4) He is the only one of the boys in our class who speaks English well.the (only；very；right) one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用单数形式）2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当动词或介词的宾语，常可省略。
高考重难点语法-定语从句和分词短语的转化
定语从句与分词短语的转换英语的表达方式是非常灵活而又多种多样的。
人们常常用各种不同的形式、措辞去表示同一个意思。
英语定语从句与分词短语的转换就是其中之一，这就是说，在表达同一个意思时常可用定语从句和分词短语两种不同的表达方式。
然而，我们不能见到定语从句，就可随意将其改为分词短语作定语的句子，而要视情况而定。
以下从三个方面对定语从句与分词短语的转换作些介绍。
主动式定语从句与分词短语的转换在主动式定语从句中，如关系代词作从句中的主语，其谓语是一个行为动词时，在以下情况下，一般都可转换为相应的分词短语。
a.定语从句的谓语动词和主句的谓语动词在时间上是一致的，这主要见于两种情况:一是主从句的谓语动词都是一般过去时二是主从句的谓语动词都是一般现在时例如:He used to live in the house which faced south.→ He used to live in the house facing south .他过去常常住在面向南里的那间房The students who study here are mostly from peasant families.→ The students studying here are mostly from peasant families.在这里学习的学生大部分是农民家庭出身。
b.从句的谓语动词是进行时态，主句的谓语动词可以是一般现在时、过去时或其他时态。
例如:The man that is talking with Mary is my brother.→ The man talkin g with Mary is my brother .跟玛丽谈话的那个人是我哥哥Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man who will be at that desk.→ Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man sitting at that desk .你明天来，把你的签证给坐在那个桌子边的那个人看看。
现在分词,过去作定语,意义上接近一个定语从句,表示一个正在进行的动作或者表示一个主动的动作
多数不及物动词的过去分词不能作定语，只有少数不 及物动词的过去分词能作定语， 表示该动作在谓语动 词动作之前完成。如：
The path to the library was covered with fallen leaves.
I need some boiled wa可te编r辑pnptow.
=The question being discussed is very important.
•Do you know the boy who is being punished by his parents?
=Do you know the boy being punished by his parents?
可编辑ppt
16
5、 不定式（to+V.）作定语表示一个将来要发生的 动作。如：
The patient to be examined next is waiting outside. 下一个要检查的病人正在外面等着。
Practice:
The meeting _t_o_b_e__h_e_ld___ (hold) tomorrow is important. The meeting _b_e_i_n_g_h_e_l_d___ (hold) now is important.
China is a developing country.
= China is a country which is developing. 中国是一个发展中saw a girl who is sleeping in the waiting room. = I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room.
浅析有些定语从句不能转换为分词短语的现象
浅析有些定语从句不能转换为分词短语的现象
王甸奎;罗立明
【期刊名称】《自贡师范高等专科学校学报》
【年(卷),期】2002(017)B03
【总页数】2页(P58-59)
【作者】王甸奎;罗立明
【作者单位】自贡红旗职中;自贡红旗职中
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G633.41
【相关文献】
1.定语从句何时不能转换为分词短语 [J], 蔡莉;
2.试谈定语从句紧缩为分词短语 [J], 杜思民
3.分词短语与定语从句的转换 [J], 凌如珊
4.分词短语作定语与定语从句的比较 [J], 周迪裔
5.浅谈分词短语作定语与定语从句 [J], 梁洁
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
GRAMMAR-4 从句
表语从句
引导表语从句的关联词有三类 1). The problem is that I also like Chen Yihan. 2). The question is whether they will be able to help us. He looked as if he lost his heart. 3). That was what his life was about. The question is how he did it.
定语从句
that的用法： 用that: 1. 先行词同时出现人和物时 2. 先行词是不定代词
something/anything/nothing/everything 3. 先行词被any, only, all, every, no, some, much, few, little, 序数 词, 形容词最高级等成分修饰时
came early in the morning. 2). I have no idea whether he will come or not. 3). The question who should do the work requires consideration.
翻译
1. 她工作很努力的事实我们都知道。 2. 我们队赢得决赛胜利的消息令人兴奋。
的任何时态，但客观真理除外 The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
1. The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
2). where 指地点 This is the place where I was born. I live in the room where he used to live.
定语从句归纳及用法
定语从句归纳及用法定语从句归纳及用法定语从句是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。
下面是店铺分享给大家的定语从句归纳及用法，希望对大家有帮助。
定语从句归纳及用法 1I 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，英语定语从句知识和用法概述。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen beforeappears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which / that在句中作宾语）The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
一篇吃透“定语从句”。终于把定语从句搞明白了
概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where,why。
关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)关系词只用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
that引导的定语从句的用法
that引导的定语从句的用法关系代词that可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导非限定性定语从句。
that可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。
例如：The bag that lies on the ground is hers. 地上的那个包是她的。
（关系代词that修饰bag的定语从句中充当主语）The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。
（关系代词that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语）在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中， that和which一般可互换，但在下列情况下不可以互换：1. 只能用that，不能用which作先行词的情况（1）先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
例如：① That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这些。
② Is there anything that you want to buy in town? 你有什么东西要在城里买吗？③ Nothing that the teacher does doesn’t influence his students. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。
（2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、 the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
例如：① The first English novel that I read was Cities. 我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。
② This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
③ This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
学习好资料欢迎下载
定语从句与分词（短语）作定语的转换
以下几种情况，一般不可以把定语从句转换为分词（短语）
1.虽然关系代词作定语从句的主语，但如果从句的谓语中含有情态动词，则不能转换成分
词{短语)
Those who must finish their work before lunch are working very hard now.
2.虽然关系代词作定语从句的主语，但从句谓语是完成时态主动语态时，则不能转换成分
词{短语)
The flower survived the fire that had burned the market-place.
此句不宜写成：
The flower survived the fire having burned the market-place.
但是，如定语从句的先行词是泛指的，有时候也可用分词的完成体作定语。
Any student who has finished their work can go home now. 可写成;
Any student having finished their work can go home now.
3.当关系代词指的是前面整个主句时，不能将这个非限制性定语从句转换成分词（短语）
4.虽然关系代词作定语从句的主语，且从句谓语动词是主动语态，但如果从句谓语动词所
表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前或之后，则不能转换成分词{短语)
The man who came this morning is our class teacher.
This is the professor who is going to teach us English next term.
I want to talk to the person who broke that cup.
5. being 不能与形容词一起作定语。
如果所指的被动动作正在进行或是与谓语所表示的动
作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式作后置定语。
Anybody who is outside after ten o’clock will be arrested.
不能说;
Anybody being outside after ten o’clock will be arrested.
But :He told us to keep a secret of the things being discussed here.
6.在特指某一事物的名词后面，现在分词短语通常具有进行的意思，若表示“非进行时”
的意思，只能用定语从句。
定语从句不表示进行时就不能转换成分词短语。
The boy who brings the milk has been ill.
不能说;
The boy bringing the milk has been ill.
The woman who looks after my small brother gets paid 50 yuan an hour.
不能说;
The woman looking after my brother gets paid 50 yuan an hour.
当一个名词所指的内容是泛指时，分词短语既可以有进行时的意思，也可以由一般时的意思：（定语从句不论是进行时还是一般时，都可转换成分词短语）
Women looking after small children generally get paid about 50 yuan an hour.
等于;
Women who are looking after small children generally get paid about 50 yuan an hour.
Women who look after small children generally get paid about 50 yuan an hour.。