染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻粒型QTL

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水稻染色体片段代换系群体的构建及应用研究进展

水稻染色体片段代换系群体的构建及应用研究进展徐建军,梁国华*(扬州大学,江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室,江苏扬州225009)摘要定位和克隆水稻重要农艺性状QTL ,是水稻功能基因组学研究的重要方向,是分子标记辅助选择选育高产、优质、多抗水稻新品种的重要基础。

染色体片段代换系是进行QTL 分析的理想材料。

介绍了水稻染色体片段代换系群体的构建原理,综述了其构建及应用研究进展,并对其研究方向进行了展望。

关键词水稻;染色体片段代换系;构建;应用;进展中图分类号 S 511 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2011)04-01935-04R esearch Progress of Constructi on a nd Applicatio n of R i ce (Or yza sati va L .)Chro mos o m e Seg men t Substituti on L i nes XU Jian -jun et al (Ji ang s u K ey Laboratory of CropG enetics and Physi o l ogy /K ey L aboratory o f theM i nistry ofEducati on for P lant Functi on -a lG enom i cs ,Y ang z hou Un i versit y ,Y angz hou ,Ji angs u 225009)Abstract The fi ne m apping and cl oni ng quantitati ve tra it loc i (QTL s)res ponsi b l e for traits of agrono m i c m i portance i n rice i s kno wn as the most general stategy i n pl ant genom ics and prov i des a f ounda ti on t o select new rice vari e ties whit h h i gh y i e l d qua lity ,resistance via marker -as -sisted selecti on (MA S)i n rice breedi ng prog ra m s .Chro moso m e segment substituti on li nes(CSSLs)are one o f t he most po w erful too ls for the det ecti on and prec i se mappi ng ofQTL s .I n t h i s paper ,t he pri nci p l e of deve l op i ng t he CSS L swas descr i bed ,t he research progress of consturcti on and applicati on was rev i ewed ,and the pros pectwas discussed .K ey words R i ce ;Chromoso m e seg m ent s ubstit uti on li nes(CSSLs);Constructi on ;Applicati on ;Progress基金项目国家重大基础研究发展规划项目(2005CB120807)。

利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻粒重QTL

利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻粒重QTL王军;周勇;杨杰;朱金燕;范方军;李文奇;梁国华;仲维功【期刊名称】《农业科学与技术（英文版）》【年(卷),期】2014(000)008【摘要】谷物重量是确定水稻产量的主要因素之一，是多种基因控制典型的定量性状。

随着广禄4作为收件人和Nipponbare作为捐助者，已经开发了119条染色体单段替代线的人口。

SPSS粒重和晶粒形状之间的相关性分析显示，1 000粒重量与粒度长度和长度宽比共同分享极明显的Posi-Tive相关性，但与颗粒宽度和厚度无显着相关性。

使用单向分析和Dunnett测试进行谷粒重量的QTL分析。

两年内确定了19个稳定的QTLS，粒度重量是粒度重量。

除了染色体10和12的染色体，均为染色体的染色体，均为P≤0.001的显着性水平，Al 19 QTL。

其中，10个QTLS具有积极效应，源自Nipponbare Al ELE，这些QTL的添加效果范围为0.49至2.74g，添加剂效应的贡献范围为2.00％至11.05％。

另外9个QTL具有负效应，并且是从广禄4铝的衍生出来的，这些QTL的ad-dity效应范围为0.60至2.35克，添加剂效应的贡献范围为2.40％至9.84％。

结果为与稻米重量相关的新型基因座的细制和基因克隆提供了基础。

％粒重是决定水稻，是本载有4次编号为血，日本晴为繁体的119，利用SPS软件材料，利用sps软件分享，通讯单位因素差分享和dunnett的多重，测验单位代换系与受与亲本广陆矮4号之间的差异，以2年都能检测的显着显着作为稳定达的qtl。

结果结果明：千粒重与粒长，长宽比比极显着正相关，与粒宽，粒厚相关键词不显着;以p≤0.001为阈值，2年都能检测到的qtl 19个，分布在除第10,12繁体外部的10条繁体上。

其中，10个qtl的加入效应表现作用，其加入效应值的含量为0.49〜2.74g，加载百分比的含量为2.00％〜11.05％; 9个qtla性效应表现为减效，加入均匀化为0.60〜2.35g，加入百分比的含量为2.40％〜9.48％。

利用染色体片段代换系定位水稻叶片形态性状QTL

1 材料与方法
1.1 供试材料利用本实验室之前的一套以广陆矮 4 号为受体
亲本 , 日本晴为供体亲本构建的含 175 个系的
CSSLs[13], 从中选取 85 个染色体单片段代换系进行水稻上三叶形态 QTL 定位。 1.2 试验方法
将这套染色体片段代换系和 2 个亲本, 2014 年种植于扬州大学农牧场, 2015 年种植于扬州市槐泗镇, 每个株系种植 4 行, 每行 10 株, 随机区组设计, 共 2 个重复。扬州大学农牧场施氮量为 300 kg hm–2, 槐泗镇的施氮量为 150 kg hm–2, 均按常规模式进行田间管理。抽穗期调查水稻剑叶长(flag leaf length, FLL)、剑叶宽(flag leaf width, FLW)、倒二叶长(length of the second leaf from top, SLL)、倒二叶宽(width of the second leaf from top, SLW)、倒三叶长(length of the third leaf from top, TLL)和倒三叶宽(width of the third leaf from top, TLW), 用于 QTL 检测和效应分析。
水稻叶部形态通常包括叶片的大小、叶倾角、披垂度、卷曲度等。适当的叶面积既保证了群体的光合面积又能改善水稻基部的受光面积, 因此, 提高透光率是高产育种的主要目标之一。叶片长、宽决定叶面积, 进而影响光合作用和群体透光率。因此明确叶长、叶宽等性状的遗传机制可以为水稻高产育种提供理论依据和技术支持。
本研究利用一套背景单一的染色体片段代换系 (chromosome segment substitution lines, CSSLs), 在 2014 年和 2015 年 2 个环境中调查水稻上三片功能叶的叶长与叶宽性状, 共重复定位到 20 个控制叶形的 QTL, 期望为水稻理想株型的建成, 培育优良水稻品种提供重要遗传信息。

基于水稻染色体片段代换系的粒形QTL鉴定分析

形性状ＱＬ进行鉴定分析，Ｔ旨在为水稻粒形性状相关ＱＬ的Ｔ精细定位、克隆及分子标记辅助选择提供理论依据。
１材料与方法
１１材料．
１ＱＬ在Ｅ和Ｅ个Ｔｌ３中都能检测到。３个ＱＬ的加性效应有Ｔ
表现为减效作用，性效应值为一Ｏ１加．１一一０２，外．２另
水稻粒形是影响水稻产量的重要因素，也是衡量稻米外观品质和商品稻米分类的重要指标，蒸煮和加工品质等性对
状也有重要影响。大量研究表明，稻粒形性状受多基因控水
制，属于典型的数量性状。林鸿宣等应用ＲＬＦＰ标记对籼稻
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利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比QTL

利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比QTL水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，而水稻籽粒的形状与大小对其产量与品质具有重要的影响。

水稻籽粒的长宽比是籽粒形状的重要参数之一，对水稻的产量和品质有着重要的影响。

通过利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比QTL，可以为水稻的品种改良与种质创新提供重要的理论依据与技术支持。

本文将对利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比QTL的研究进行综述和分析，以期为水稻品种改良与产量提高提供一定的参考价值。

水稻籽粒长宽比QTL的重要性水稻籽粒的长宽比是指水稻籽粒长度与宽度的比值，是描述水稻籽粒形状的重要参数之一。

长宽比大小会影响水稻籽粒的形状，进而影响籽粒的外观、储粮性、加工性和食味等品质特征。

过大的长宽比会使得水稻籽粒变得纤细细长，较长的籽粒易发生折断，而过小的长宽比则会导致水稻籽粒显得较短粗，从而影响籽粒的外观以及产量。

合适的水稻籽粒长宽比对水稻的产量和品质具有重要的影响。

重测序染色体片段代换系（resequencing-based chromosome segment substitution lines, CSSLs）是通过分子标记辅助选择在两亲本之间加强子交换的代换系，是利用现代分子生物学技术构建的高分辨率的群体。

CSSL群体的构建可以加速QTL定位，提高定位精度，为研究种质创新和分子育种提供了有力的工具。

在水稻籽粒长宽比QTL的研究中，利用CSSL群体可以实现引种基因效应的解析和水稻籽粒形状形成的遗传基础研究。

通过比较不同的CSSL群体，可以精确地定位和解析水稻籽粒长宽比相关的QTL，为后续的分子育种和种质创新提供了重要的信息。

近年来，国内外学者们通过构建CSSL群体，利用重测序技术和分子标记技术对水稻籽粒长宽比QTL进行了深入的研究与分析。

通过这些研究，已经发现了一系列影响水稻籽粒长宽比的QTL，并对这些QTL在水稻籽粒形状形成中的作用进行了初步的解析。

利用染色体片段置换系定位水稻苗期耐盐QTLs

利用染色体片段置换系定位水稻苗期耐盐QTLs林静;张所兵;张云辉;汪迎节;方先文【摘要】[目的]解决盐碱化土地水稻生产,缓解粮食供求矛盾.[方法]以籼稻品种9311和粳稻品种日本晴为亲本培育的高代回交置换系为材料,在0.5％NaCl盐胁迫条件下,以存活率为耐盐指标,进行水稻苗期耐盐性QTL定位.[结果]采用QTL IciMapping v3.1软件对存活率进行QTL分析,在第3染色体相邻标记RM1350附近检测到1个苗期耐盐相关QTL(QSst3),所在遗传区间为113.2 cM～132.8 cM,贡献率17.75％,加性效应10.9,说明来自供体亲本日本晴相应QTL使苗期耐盐性变强.[结论]该研究有利于水稻耐盐性种质资源的筛选.%In this study, a population of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from the cross between 9311 (indica) and Nipponbare (japonica) was employed to map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for salt tolerance under the salt stress simulated with 0.5％ NaCl, using survival rate as the index. The data were analyzed by QTL IciMapping v3.1, and the results showed that one QTL (QSst 3) related to salt tolerance was located in the vicinity of the marker RM1350 on chromosome 3, into a genetic interval of 113.2 -132.8 cM, with a contribution rate of 17.75％. The additive effect was 10.9, indicating that the QTL derived from the parent Nipponbare improved the salt tolerance of rice at seedling stage. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of salt tolerant rice germplasm.【期刊名称】《农业科学与技术（英文版）》【年(卷),期】2017(018)012【总页数】3页(P2209-2211)【关键词】水稻;苗期耐盐;染色体片段置换系(CSSLs);数量性状基因(QTL)定位【作者】林静;张所兵;张云辉;汪迎节;方先文【作者单位】江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/江苏省种质资源保护与利用研究中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/江苏省种质资源保护与利用研究中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/江苏省种质资源保护与利用研究中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/江苏省种质资源保护与利用研究中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/江苏省种质资源保护与利用研究中心/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京 210014【正文语种】中文With the rapid growth of the world’s population and the continued decline in the area of arable land,increasing attention has been devoted to developing high-yield crops.However,due to the deterioration of the global environment,irrational irrigation and fertilization,etc.,the area of salinized land has been increasing and widely distributed in more than 30 countries on six continents,covering a total area of about 956 millionhm2.The area of salinized land in China is about 99.133 millionhm2,accounting for about 10%of the total area of the salinized land all over the world.The quality and production of rice,one of the major food crops in China,are greatly influenced by soil salinity.Therefore,cultivating new varieties tolerant to salt through genetic improvement and other methods is important to solve the problem of rice production in salinized land,to alleviate the contradiction between food supply and demand,and to ensure food security in China.As early as the 1960s,it was reported that salt tolerance in rice is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes,and the inheritance of salt tolerance is influenced by both additive and epistatic effects[1-4].In addition,rice has different tolerance to salt at different growth stages,and it is most sen sitive to salt at one-bud two-leaf stage[5].Previous studies have shown that the salt tolerance of rice at seedling stage has a certain correlation with that at maturity stage[6].The study of Zang et al.[7]proved the genetic overlap of partial salt tolerance QTLs at the seedling and tillering stages.Therefore,the salt tolerance of rice at seedling stages is studied a lot at present[2,8-14].There are many indicators to evaluate the salt tolerance in rice at seedling stage,including the survival time of seedlings under salt stress,Na+and K+contents in aboveground part and root,seedling height,dry weight of aboveground part and root,Na+-K+ratio and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of seedlings[6-7,15-16].The populations of F2,BC1,BC2F8inbred lines and RIL,etc.are mostly used for studying the inheritance of salt tolerance and QTL mapping.Inorder to better analyze the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance in rice,the QTLs for salt tolerance in rice seedlings were analyzed under 0.5%NaCl treatment using a population of chromosome segment substitutionlines(CSSLs)in this study.And the results will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of salt-tolerance rice germplasm,and the study of the molecular mechanism of rice salt tolerance.Materials and MethodsMaterialsTheCSSSLsweredeveloped from the cross and successive backcross between theindicavariety 9311(the recurrent parent)and thejaponica variety Nipponbare(the donor parent),as previously described[17].The substituted segments in some CSSLs previously reported were toolong,and some regions of the genome were not covered by the substituted segments,so in this study,the CSSLs with the same genetic background but harboring the substituted segments at different regions of the genome were selected from the original BC4F1population for selfing to generate pure lines,and the BC4F2homozygous lines containing a large substituted segment were selected and crossed with the recurrent parent,and then the F1lines harboring a small substituted segment were selected and selfed to generate pure lines[7].As a result,24 new pure lines wereobtained.Therefore,a total of 119 CSSLs were used in this experiment.The total length of the substituted segments(excluding the overlapped fragments)was 1 202 cM,covering 78.6%of the whole genome. Simulation of salt stressThe salt tolerance of the 119 CSSLs and their parents 9311 and Nipponbare was identified under the salt stress simulated with 0.5%NaCl solution.In detail,the seeds were placed in 9-cm diameter petri dishes,12 ml of dH2O was added to each dish.Then,the dishes were incubated at 28℃for 3 d in the dark.The seeds with similar length of bud were selected,and placed on 96-well plates,with eight seeds per row,and one row for each material.Three replicates were prepared for each material.The 96-well plates were incubated in illuminated incubators under a photoperiod of 13 h light,at 28℃during the day,and 24℃at night.From one-bud and twoleaf stage,the seedling were grown in the nutrient solution containing 0.5%NaCl for 21 d,while the nutrient solution was refreshed once every 3 d.At the end of the experiment,the survived seedlings of each CSSL and each parental line were counted.Evaluation of salt tolerance of rice at seedling stageAfter being cultured under salt stress for 21 d,the survival rate of the CSSLs and the parent lines was calculated to evaluate their tolerance to salt. Survival rate=Number of survived seedlings of each line/Number of all seedlings cultured of each line×100%Data analysis and QTL mappingThe likelihood ratio test based on stepwise regression (RSTEP-LRT)proposed by Wanget al.[18]was adopted for QTL mapping in this study,using QTL IciMapping v3.1(LOD threshold of 2.0).The QTLs related to salt tolerance were identified in the whole genomes of the CSSLs and parental lines based on molecular detection and seedling survival rateunder salt stress,and named according to Mc-Couchet al[19].Results and AnalysisThe salt tolerance of the 119 CSSLs and their parents at seedling stage As shown in Fig.1,the salt tolerance of rice at seedling stage is a quantitative trait that is controlled by multiple genes.There was a significant difference in the salt tolerance between the two parents.The survival rate of the recipient parent 9311 under salt stress was higher,up to 32%,while that of the donor parent Nipponbare was only 12.35%.The survival rate of the 119 CSSLs at the seedling stage ranged from 1.7%to 55.7%,showing a continuous distribution pattern.The survival rate of most CSSLs ranged from 20%-40%,while that of only 21 CSSLs had a survival rate lower than 20%or higher than 40%.QTLs related to salt tolerance in rice at seedling stageOne salt tolerance-related QTL QSst3 was detected on chromosome 3 of rice,and its location was shown in Fig.2.QSst3 was located in the vicinity of the marker RM1350,into a genetic interval of 113.2-132.8 cM,with a contribution rate of 17.75%.The additive effect was 10.9,indicating that the corresponding QTL from the parent Nipponbare QTL improved the salt tolerance of the CSSLs.Fig.1 Distribution of survival rate after salt stress treatmentatseedling stage in CSSLsFig.2 Location of QTL for salt tolerance at seeding stage on chromosome 3 DiscussionIn this study,a population of 119 CSSLs derived from the cross between9311 (indica)and Nipponbare(japonica),which are different in salt tolerance,was used to map the QTLs related to salt tolerance of rice at seedling stage under 0.5%NaCl solution treatment.CSSLs are generated by introducing the chromosomal segments of the donor parent to a recipient,to reduce the influence of largeeffect QTLs on small-effect ones,and the interaction between QTLs,so that the minor-effect QTLs can be detected.In addition,a secondary segregating population can be rapidly constructed based on the primary identification to locate the QTLs within a smallsubstituted segment,which greatly speeds up the process of fine mapping.In this study,the seeds with similar length of bud of the CSSLs were selected and used for salt tolerance test,which effectively reduced the experimental error caused by growth potential and improved the accuracy of phenotyping.As a result,one QTL QSst3related to salt tolerance in rice at seedling stage was located on chromosome 3.We also found that the salt tolerance-related QTLQSst3identified in this study was overlapped with the QTL that was identified using a set of reciprocal introgression line by Yang et al.[20]to be related to salt damage,survival time and Na+content of aboveground part of seedlings.In addition,we found thatQSst3 was from Nipponbare,which has poor resistance to salt at seedling stage.The reason may be that the genetic background has a certain effect on the detection ofQTLs,especially the minor-effect ones.By mapping the QTLs influencing panicle size including primary branch number and secondary branch number of rice in tworeciprocal introgressive line (IL)populations derived from Lemont and Teqing,Mei et al.[21]found that there were only four QTLs in 14 loci(near 30%)commonly detected in both reciprocal IL populations,implying the large impact of genetic background on QTLs expression.By analyzing the QTLs related to sheath blight resistance of rice using the reciprocal introgression lines of Lemont and Teqing,Xieet al.[22]found that among the 11 QTLs for sheath blight resistance identified in two genetic backgrounds,only two were identical(18.2%),and most of the major QTLs detected in Teqing background were not expressed in Lemont background[22].The study of Yang et al.[20],showed that no common QTL for salt tolerance was detected in the reciprocal IL populations,indicating that the genetic background had a great effect on the expression of salt tolerance QTLs,and that these QTLs may have a weak effect,so that their expression is greatly affected by the genetic background.References[1]PEARSON GA,AYERS AD,EBERHARD DL.Relative salt tolerance of rice during germination and early seeding development[J].SoilSci,1966,102:151-156[2]GUO Y,CHEN SL,ZHANG GY,et al.Selection of a salt tolerant rice line controlled by major gene using cell engineering[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,1997,24(2):122-126.[3]GONG JM,HE P,QIAN Q,et al.QTL mapping for salt tolerance inrice[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1998,43(17):1847-1850.[4]FLOWER TJ.Improving crop salt tolerance[J].J.ExperiBot,2004,55(396):307-319.[5]FANG XW,TANG LH,WANG YP.Selection on rice germplasm tolerant to salt stress[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2004,5(3):295-298.[6]WANG ZF,CHENG JP,CHEN ZW,et al.Identification of QTLs with main,epistatic and QTL×environment interaction effects for salt tolerance in rice seedlings under different salinity conditions[J].Theor Appl Genet,2012,125(4):807-815.[7]ZANG JP,SUN Y,WANG Y,et al.Dissection of genetic overlap of salt tolerance QTLs at the seeding and tillering stages using backcross introgression lines in rice[J].Science in China Series C:LifeSciences,2008,51(7):583-591.[8]GU XY,MEI MT,YAN SL,et al.Preliminary detection of quantitative trait loci for salt tolerance in rice[J].Chinese Journal of RiceScience,2000,14(2):65-70.[9]PRASAD SR,BAGALI PG,HITTALMANI S,et al.Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with seeding tolerance to salt stress in rice(Oryza sativaL.)[J].Curr Sci,2000,78:162-164.[10]LIN HX,ZHU MZ,Y ANO M,et al.QTLs for Na+and K+uptake of the shoots and roots controlling rice salttolerance[J].TheorApplGenet,2004,108:253-260.[11]KOYAMA ML,LEVESLEY A,KOEBNER RMD,et al.Quantitative trait loci for component physiological traits determining salt tolerance in rice[J].Plant Physiol,2001,125:406-422.[12]ZHANG GY,GUO Y,CHEN SL,et al.RFLP tagging of a salt tolerancegene[J].Plant Sci,1995,110:227-234.[13]LEE SY,AHN JH,CHA YS,et al.Mapping of quantitative trait loci for salt tolerance at the seeding stage in rice[J].Mol Cell,2006,21:192-196.[14]SUN Y,ZANG JP,WANG Y,et al.Mining favorable salt-tolerant QTL from rice germplasm using a backcrossing introgression line population[J].Acta AgronomicaSinica,2007,33 (10):1611-1617.[15]LIN HX,ZHU MZ,YANO M,Gao J P,et al.QTLs for Na+and K+uptake of the shoots and roots controlling rice salt tolerance[J].Theor Appl Genet,2004,108(2):253-260.[16]SHEN B,JIANG L,YU WD,et al.QTL analysisof chlorophyllfluorescence parameters in rice seedlings under salt stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rice Science,2009,23(3):319-322.[17]ZHU WY,LIN J,YANG DW,et al.Development of chromosome segment substitution lines derived from backcross between two sequenced rice cultivar s indica recipient ‘9311’ and japonicadonor‘Nipponbare’[J].Plant Mol Biol Pep,2009,27(2):126-131.[18]WANG JK,WAN XY,LI HH,et al.Application of identified QTL-marker associations in rice quality improvement through a design-breeding approach[J].TheorApplGenet,2007,115:87-100.[19]MCCOUCH SR,CHO YG,PANL E,et al.Report on QTLnomenclature[J].Rice Genet Newsl,1997,14:11-13.[20]YANG J,SUN Y,CHENG LR,et al.Genetic background effect on QTL mapping for salt tolerance revealed by a set of reciprocal introgression line populations in rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(6):974-982.[21]MEI HW,XU JL,LI ZK,et al.QTLs influencing panicle size detected in two reciprocal introgressive line (IL)populations in rice(Oryza sativaL.)[J].Theor Appl Genet,2006,112:648-656.[22]XIE XW,XU MR,ZANG JP,et al.Genetic background and environmental effects on expression ofQTL for sheath blight resistance in reciprocal introgression lines of rice [J].Acta AgronomicaSinica,2008,34(11):1885-1893.。

利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比qtl

收稿日期：２０１９－０２－１３基金项目：国家重点研发计划（编号：２０１７ＹＦＤ０１００４００－３）；江苏省
农业科学院探索性项目［编号：ＺＸ（１７）２０１４］；江苏省重点研发计划（编号：ＢＥ２０１７３６８）。作者简介：卫纯洁（１９９６—），女，上海人，主要从事水稻分子生物学研究。Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｗｃｊ４４３５＠ｏｕｔｌｏｏｋ．ｃｏｍ。通信作者：王军，博士，副研究员，主要从事水稻分子遗传及育种研究。Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｗａｎｇｊｕｎｊａａｓ＠ａｌｉｙｕｎ．ｃｏｍ。
— ３６—
江苏农业科学２０２０年第４８卷第６期
卫纯洁，陶亚军，范方军，等．利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比ＱＴＬ［Ｊ］．江苏农业科学，２０２０，４８（６）：３６－４０．ｄｏｉ：１０．１５８８９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００２－１３０２．２０２０．０６．００７
利用重测序染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻籽粒长宽比ＱＴＬ
水稻的粒形是一个与水稻产量和品质都存在密切关系的重要性状，由粒长、粒宽、粒厚以及长宽比构成。水稻粒形遗传机制十分复杂，是受多基因控制的数量性状［１－４］。目前，不同研究者利用各种分离群体，已经定位了４００多个水稻粒形相关ＱＴＬｓ，这些ＱＴＬｓ分布在水稻１２条染色体上。粒形的遗传调控网络也非常复杂［５－６］，主要涉及植物激素、ＭＡＰＫ信号、泛素－蛋白酶体通路、表观修饰和Ｇ－蛋白信号等分子路径。油菜素内脂（ＢＲ）不仅可以调控水稻的生长发育，还可以控制水稻粒形。ＢＲ生物合成中的关键基因Ｄ１１发生突变后，其突变体ｄ１１表现为植株矮化，谷粒小且圆［７－８］，过量表达该基因可以增加粒长和粒宽，并通过增加种子中糖积累以提高粒质量［９］。Ｄ２／ＳＭＧ１１同样与ＢＲ合

水稻染色体单片段代换系农艺性状分析及QTL定位的开题报告

水稻染色体单片段代换系农艺性状分析及QTL定位的开题报告一、研究背景与意义:水稻作为我国重要的粮食作物之一，具有广泛的种质资源和复杂的农艺特性。

水稻的染色体结构复杂，由24条染色体组成，其中包含大量的农艺性状基因。

因此，掌握水稻染色体的分子机制和农艺性状基因的遗传规律对于水稻品种选育和改良具有非常重要的意义。

近年来，通过分析不同水稻品种的DNA序列，发现了许多与农艺性状相关的基因片段，但如何将这些片段对特定性状的表达进行解析仍然存在一些难点。

因此，需要建立种属资源体系并通过不同水平的群体遗传学与分子性状分析来揭示水稻性状基因的遗传规律。

在这个基础上，可通过定向选择和育种结合来更好地开发和利用水稻品种资源。

二、研究内容:本研究选用水稻的染色体单片段代换系，通过对比代换系和野生型的差异，分析代换系的农艺性状，构建性状表型和分子标记遗传地图，并运用QTL分析方法寻找到和性状相关的基因片段。

具体研究内容如下：1.选取水稻染色体单片段代换系，克隆其中代换的染色体片段，并进行基因组重测序，获得代换系和野生型之间的基因组学差异。

2.通过对比代换系和野生型在不同条件下（氮素吸收、光照、病虫害等）的表现，评估代换系在不同农艺状况下的表型差异，找到与代换的染色体片段相关的农艺性状基因。

3.构建性状表型和分子标记遗传地图，绘制染色体位点图，明确代换系和野生型之间基因极化的区域和位置，并研究基因间的遗传关系（包括连锁和连锁解除）。

4.利用QTL分析方法确定和性状相关的基因片段及其遗传效应，对性状相关的片段进行克隆，并确定其作用机制。

三、研究方法:1.选取适宜的水稻染色体单片段代换系根据已有文献的介绍，选取经过反复育种和筛选，已具有稳定代换的水稻单片段代换系，建立一个可控制的实验体系。

2.基因组DNA提取，测序和比对提取野生型和代换系的基因组DNA，对其进行不同水平的测序，比对差异，确定代换系和野生型之间基因组学差异。

3.性状测定和分析根据预设实验样品和不同农艺条件下的性状表现，进行性状测定和统计分析。

利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻粒重 QTL

利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻粒重 QTL王军;周勇;杨杰;朱金燕;范方军;李文奇;梁国华;仲维功【期刊名称】《华北农学报》【年(卷),期】2013(000)006【摘要】粒重是决定水稻产量的三要素之一，是由多基因控制的数量性状。

以广陆矮4号为受体，日本晴为供体的119个染色体单片段代换系群体为试验材料，利用SPSS软件分析了粒重与粒形性状之间的相关性，通过单因素方差分析和Dunnett′s多重比较，测验单片段代换系与受体亲本广陆矮4号之间粒重的差异，以2年都能检测到的显著差异位点作为稳定表达的QTL。

结果表明：千粒质量与粒长、长宽比呈极显著正相关，与粒宽、粒厚相关性不显著；以P≤0．001为阈值，2年都能检测到的千粒质量相关 QTL 19个，分布在除第10，12染色体以外的10条染色体上。

其中，10个QTL的加性效应表现为增效作用，其加性效应值的变化为0．49～2．74 g，加性效应百分率的变化为2.00％～11．05％；9个QTL加性效应表现为减效，加性效应值的变化为0．60～2．35 g，加性效应百分率的变化为2.40％～9.48％。

这些QTL的鉴定，为进一步精细定位或克隆相应QTL奠定了基础。

【总页数】7页(P11-17)【作者】王军;周勇;杨杰;朱金燕;范方军;李文奇;梁国华;仲维功【作者单位】江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014; 扬州大学江苏省遗传生理重点实验室，教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;扬州大学江苏省遗传生理重点实验室，教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014;扬州大学江苏省遗传生理重点实验室，教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室，江苏扬州225009;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，国家水稻改良中心南京分中心，江苏南京 210014【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S511.03【相关文献】1.利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻垩白QTL [J], 陶亚军;徐梦彬;王飞;陈达;周勇;梁国华2.基于染色体单片段代换系的水稻芒性 QTL 定位 [J], 王军;朱金燕;周勇;杨杰;范方军;李文奇;梁国华;仲维功3.利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻穗粒数 QTL [J], 朱金燕;仲维功;杨梅;王中德;王军;周勇;杨杰;范方军;李文奇;梁国华4.利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻粒重QTL [J], 王军;周勇;杨杰;朱金燕;范方军;李文奇;梁国华;仲维功5.利用染色体单片段代换系定位水稻结实率QTLs [J], 周勇;缪军;陶亚军;朱金燕;王军;王中德;梁国华因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

基于染色体片段置换系群体检测水稻株型性状QTL

作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2022, 48(5): 1141 1151 / ISSN 0496-3490; CN 11-1809/S; CODEN TSHPA9 E-mail:***************本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31860373)和江西省“5511”优势科技创新团队项目(20165BCB19005)资助。

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31860373) and the “5511” Superior Science and Technology Innova-tion Team Project of Jiangxi Province, China (20165BCB19005).*通信作者(Corresponding authors): 朱昌兰,E-mail:*******************;孙晓棠,E-mail:***************第一作者联系方式:E-mail:***************Received (收稿日期): 2021-04-07; Accepted (接受日期): 2021-09-09; Published online (网络出版日期): 2021-10-15. URL: https:///kcms/detail/11.1809.S.20211014.2314.006.htmlDOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.12024基于染色体片段置换系群体检测水稻株型性状QTL王小雷李炜星欧阳林娟徐杰陈小荣边建民胡丽芳彭小松贺晓鹏傅军如周大虎贺浩华孙晓棠* 朱昌兰*江西农业大学 / 作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室 / 江西省超级稻工程技术研究中心, 江西南昌 330045摘要: 株型是由多个形态和生理性状集成的复合性状, 它与水稻产量密切相关。

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徐建军，赵强，汤在祥，等．利用重测序的染色体片段代换系群体定位水稻粒型ＱＴＬ．中国水稻科学，２０１１，２５（）：４３６５３６９．
摘要：以一套用籼稻品种９粳稻品种日本晴为供体构建的１按随机区组实验设３１１为受体、２８个染色体片段代换系为材料，于成熟后考查代换系粒长、粒宽性状，利用多元回归分析方法，结合Ｂ鉴定出６个与粒长相关的Ｑ计种植，ｉｎ图谱，ＴＬ、２个与粒宽相关的ＱＴＬ。其中，犌犔３．１被定位在水稻第３染色体的５７９２９５４ｂ犌犔３．２被定位在第３染色体的９１７８７８ｐ区间内；狇狇犌犔８．１被定位在第８染色体的８８９５４３ｂ犌犔８．２被定位在第８染色体的２０８６１４ｂ犌犔９．１ｂｐ区间内；ｐ区间内；ｐ区间内；狇狇狇被定位在第９染色体的１１４９６８５ｂ１被定位在第１１染色体的３１８４７６０ｂ１被定位在第１犌犔１１．犌犠１．ｐ区间内；ｐ区间内；狇狇染色体的２为进一步精细定犌犠５．０００７０ｂ１被定位在第５染色体的７０４９０５ｂＴＬ的准确定位，ｐ区间内；ｐ区间内。上述Ｑ狇位及克隆相应ＱＴＬ和开展水稻粒型分子育种奠定了基础。关键词：水稻；粒型；染色体片段代换系；数量性状基因座中图分类号：Ｑ文章编号：（）９４３．２；Ｓ５１１．０３２文献标识码：Ａ１００１７２１６２０１１０４０３６５０５
、粒宽（ｌｅｎｔｈ，ＧＬ）ｒａｉｎｗｉｄｔｈ，ＧＷ）和长宽比ｇｇ（，）。其中粒长最能反映籽ｌｅｎｔｈｗｉｄｔｈｒａｔｉｏＲＬＷｇ粒形状，粒长与千粒重呈显著正相定位水稻粒型犙犜犔
２３１１１１１３徐建军１，赵强汤在祥赵元凤朱磊徐辰武顾铭洪韩斌梁国华１，
１２（扬州大学教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室／江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室，江苏扬州２上海市松江区农业技术推广中２５００９；３中国科学院植物生理生态研究所，上海２：）心，上海２０１６１３；００２３３；通讯联系人，Ｅｍａｉｌｒｉｃｅｂ＠ｙｚｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎｇ
１２３１１１１１３，，，，ｈｏｎＸＵＪｉａｎＺｉａｎＴＡＮＧＺａｉｘｉａｎＺｕａｎｆｅｎＺｅｉＸＵＣｈｅｎｗｕＧＵＭｉｎｉｎｕｎＨＡＯＱＨＡＯＹＨＵＬｇ，ＨＡＮＢｇ，ｇ，ｇ，ｇｊ１ＬｕｏｈｕａＩＡＮＧＧ，，
３２０１６１３，犆犺犻狀犪；犐狀狊狋犻狋狌狋犲狅犾犪狀狋犘犺狊犻狅犾狅狀犱犈犮狅犾狅犆犺犻狀犲狊犲犃犮犪犱犲犿犮犻犲狀犮犲狊，犛犺犪狀犺犪犻２００２３３，犆犺犻狀犪；犆狅狉狉犲狊狅狀犱犻狀狌犳犘狔犵狔犪犵狔，狔狅犳犛犵狆犵犪
要因素之一，同时也是衡量稻米外观品质的重要指标之一。因此，弄清水稻粒型性状的遗传基础，发掘并利用控制水稻粒型的主效ＱＴ选育大粒优质的Ｌ，水稻新品种已成为水稻育种的一个主要目标，这对提高稻谷产量和满足人们对优质稻米的需求都具有重要意义。ｒａｉｎ水稻籽粒形状的主要指标包括粒长（ｇ
（犑犻犪狀狊狌犓犲犪犫狅狉犪狋狅狉狉狅犲狀犲狋犻犮狊犪狀犱犘犺狊犻狅犾狅犓犲犪犫狅狉犪狋狅狉犾犪狀狋犉狌狀犮狋犻狅狀犌犲狀狅犿犻犮狊，犕犻狀犻狊狋狉犱狌犮犪狋犻狅狀，犢犪狀犵狔犔狔狅犳犆狆犌狔犵狔／狔犔狔狅犳犘狔狅犳犈犵
全世界水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，［］１约３０多亿人口以稻米为主食。水稻也是我国第一大粮食作物。随着人口的不断增长，耕地面积的不断减少，粮食生产仍然面临着巨大的压力，因此，高产育种仍然是水稻育种的主要方向。随着国民经济的发展，人们生活水平不断提高，人们对稻米品质提出了更高的要求，不仅要求口味适合，而且要求外形美观。因此，选育优质的水稻新品种也是水稻育种的主要目标之一。水稻粒型是影响水稻产量的重
收稿日期：２０１０１０２９；修改稿收到日期：２０１０１１３０。基金项目：国家９）。７３计划资助项目（２００５ＣＢ１２０８０７
３６６
中国水稻科学（犆犺犻狀犑犚犻犮犲犛犮犻）５卷第４期（２０１１年７月）第２
ＭａｉｎｆＱＴＬｓｆｏｒＧｒａｉｎＳｈａｅＵｓｉｎｏｌｅＧｅｎｏｍｅＲｅｓｅｕｅｎｃｅｄＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅＳｅｍｅｎｔｐｐｇｏｐｇＷｈｑｇＳｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎＬｉｎｅｓｉｎＲｉｃｅ
１
狕犺狅狌犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋犪狀狕犺狅狌２２５００９，犆犺犻狀犪；２犛狅狀犻犪狀狉犻犮狌犾狋狌狉犪犾犜犲犮犺狀狅犾狅狀犱犘狅狌犾犪狉犻狕犪狋犻狅狀犆犲狀狋犲狉狅犺犪狀犺犪犻，犛犺犪狀犺犪犻狔，犢犵犵犼犵犃犵犵狔犪狆犳犛犵犵
狕狌．犈犿犪犻犾：狉犻犮犲犫犲犱狌．犮狀）狋犺狅狉，＠狔犵
，，，ｅｎｏｍｅｒｅｓｅｕｅｎｃｅｄｃｈｒｏＸＵＪｉａｎｕｎＺＨＡＯＱｉａｎＴＡＮＧＺａｉｘｉａｎｅｔａｌ．ＭａｉｎｆＱＴＬｓｆｏｒｇｒａｉｎｓｈａｅｕｓｉｎｈｏｌｅｇｑｊｇｇｐｐｇｏｐｇｗ，（）：ｍｏｓｏｍｅｓｅｍｅｎｔｓｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｌｉｎｅｓｉｎｒｉｃｅ．ＣｈｉｎＪＲｉｃｅＳｃｉ２０１１，２５４３６５３６９．ｇ：Ｏｅｉｈｔｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｓｅｍｅｎｔｓｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｌｉｎｅｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄｆｒｏｍ９３１１ａｓｒｅｃｉｉｅｎｔａｎｄＮｉｏｎｂａｒｅ犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋ｎｅｈｕｎｄｒｅｄａｎｄｔｗｅｎｔｇｇｐｐｐｙ，ａｓｄｏｎｏｒｗｅｒｅｕｓｅｄｆｏｒｍａｉｎＴＬｓｆｏｒｇｒａｉｎｓｈａｅｂｏｍｂｉｎｉｎｈｅｓｅｕｅｎｃｉｎｂａｓｅｄＢｉｎｍａｉｔｈａｍｕｌｔｉｌｅｌｉｎｅａｒｒｅｐｐｇＱｐｙｃｇｔｑｇｐｗｐ（（，犌犔３．ｒｅｓｓｉｏｎａｎａｌｓｉｓ．ＳｉｘａｎｄｔｗｏＱＴＬｓｗｅｒｅｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｆｏｒｇｒｉａｎｌｅｎｔｈＧＬ）ａｎｄｇｒｉａｎｗｉｄｔｈＧＷ）ｒｅｓｅｃｔｉｖｅｌ．１ｗａｓｇｙｇｐｙ狇２ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ９１７８７８ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ３；ｎａｒｅｉｏｎｍａｅｄｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ５７９２９５４ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ３，犌犔３．犌犔８１ｉｇｐｏｇｐｐｇｐｏ狇狇ｏｆ８８９５４３ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ８；２ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ２０８６１４ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ８；１ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ１１４９６８５ｂｎ犌犔８．犌犔９．ｐｏｇｐｏｇｐｏ狇狇犌犔１１．１ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ３１８４７６０ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ１１；犌犠１．１ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ２０００７０ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ９；ｇｐｏｇｐｏ狇狇１；ａｎｄ狇犌犠５．１ｉｎａｒｅｉｏｎｏｆ７０４９０５ｂｎｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ５．ＴｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄａｆｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｆｉｎｅｍａｉｎＴＬｓａｎｄｇｐｏｐｐｇＱｓｕｂｓｅｕｅｎｔｇｅｎｅｃｌｏｎｉｎ．ｑｇ：；；；ｒａｉｎｓｈａｅｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｔｒａｉｔｌｏｃｕｓ犓犲狅狉犱狊ｒｉｃｅｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｓｅｍｅｎｔｓｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｌｉｎｅｓｇｐｑｇ狔狑