药理学留学生试题 山东大学

Pharmacology Exam for Grade 2003(A) Pakistan Students(Exam 1) —Nov 10th,2005Part ⅠChoice Questions （60 points）Type A (only one answer is correct)1. Which of the following statements is correct?A.weak bases are absorbed efficiently across the epithelial cells of thestomachB.coadministration of atropine speeds the absorption of a second drugC.drugs showing large V d can be efficiently removed by dialysis of theplasma.D.stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug absorption.E.if the V d for a drug is small, most of the drug is in the extraplasmic space.2. The drugs that can pass across the blood brain barrier areA. small in molecular weight and ionized drugsB. small in molecular weight and nonionized drugsC. large in molecular weight and ionized drugsD. large in molecular weight and nonionized drugsE. all of above are not true3. Which of the following statements is correct?A.if 10mg of drug A produces the same response as 100mg of drug B, drug Ais more efficacious than drug B.B.the greater the efficacy, the greater the potency of a drugC.in selecting a drug, potency is usually more important than efficacyD.a competitive antagonist increases ED50E.variation in response to a drug among different individuals is mostlikely to occur with a drug showing a large therapeutic index4. Which of the following is true for a drug whose elimination from plasma showsfirst-order kinetics?A.the half-life of the drug is proportional to the drug concentration inplasmaB.the amount eliminated per unit time is constantC.the rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma concentrationD.elimination involves a rate-limiting enzyme reaction operating at itsmaximal velocityE. a plot of drug concentration versus time is a straight line5. Which of the following drugs has the largest therapeutic index ?A. Drug A LD50=150mg, ED50=100mgB. Drug B LD50=100mg, ED50=50mgC. Drug C LD50=250mg, ED50=100mgD. Drug D LD50=300mg, ED50=50mgE. Drug E LD50=300mg, ED50=150mg6. A drug eliminated with first-order kinetics, the concentration of the drug inplasma is 100mg/L at 9 am after administration of a single dose, and at 6 pm the drug plasma concentration is 12.5 mg/L. So, its t1/2 isA. 4hB. 5hC. 6hD. 3hE. 12h7. The maximal effect of a drug is calledA. potencyB. efficacyC. affinityD. toxic effectE. margin of safety8. Among the following drugs, which will be excreted most quickly in acidicurine？A. a weak acid drug with pKa of 5.5B. a weak base drug with pKa of 7.5C .a weak base drug with pKa of 4.5D. a weak acid drug with pKa of 3.5E. a weak base drug with pKa of 6.59. The mechanism of treating phenobarbital poisoning with bicarbonate sodium is that itA. neutralizes PhenobarbitalB. stimulates Phenobarbital transference from the brain to the plasmaC. alkalinizes urine fluid, prevents Phenobarbital from reuptaking, andstimulates excretion of drugD. both B and C are rightE. both A and C are right10. The half-life isA. the time that the concentration of the drug in plasma declines by 50%B. the time that the amount of the drug in the body declines by 50%C. the time that half amount of the drug in the body are metabolizedD. the time that the effects of the drug decline in a halfE. all of above are wrong11.After repeated administration of phenobarbital sodium, the patients complain the drug is less useful, this phenomenon is calledA. toleranceB. resistanceC. dependenceD. side reactionE. residual effect12. The study of the time course of absorption, distribution, metabolism andexcretion of drugs in the body is calledA. pharmacologyB. pharmacokineticsC. pharmacodynamicsD. pharmacyE. pharmaceutics13. The bioavailability isA. the quantity of drug absorbed after oral administrationB. the rate of drug absorbed after oral administrationC. the ratio of AUC(oral)/AUC(intravenous)C. the ratio of AUC (intravenous)/AUC(oral)D. the area under curve of oral administrationE. the area under curve of intravenous administration14. The pharmacological mechanism of side effect isA. overdoseB. low in selectivityC. hypersensitivityD. administration of drug for a long time15. Property of a partial agonist isA. high affinity and high intrinsic activityB. low affinity and low intrinsic activityC. high affinity and low intrinsic activityD. low affinity and high intrinsic activityE. high affinity and no intrinsic activity16. The effect of pilocarpine on eye isA. miosis, increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysisB. miosis, decrease intraocular pressure, accommodation of spasmC. mydiasis , decrease intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysisD. mydiasis , increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of spasmE. mydiasis , increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysis17. Patients with myasthenia gravis are more effectively treated withA. epinephrineB. propranololC. neostigmineD. atropineE. pilocarpine18. β-antagonists can NOT be used in the treatment ofA．hypertensionB．bronchial asthmaC．tachycardiaD．angina pectorisE．hyperthyroidism19. The released norepinephrine is disposed mainly byA．the metabolism in the liverB．enzymatic inactivationC．reuptake by the neuronal terminalD．hydrolysisE. MAO and COMT in the circulation20. Which of the following drugs can be used in treatment of glaucoma?A. neostigmineB. pilocarpineC. phentolamineD. norepinephrineE. atropine21. Which of the following therapeutic projects would be used in the treatment of patient with serious organophosphate intoxication?A．atropine + norepinephrineB．atopine+ neostigmineC．atropine + pralidoxime iodideD．atropine + epinephrineE．atropine + morphine22. The main route of inactivation of Ach is thatA．it is destroyed by MAOB．it is destroyed by COMTC．it is retaken into the cytoplasmD．it is hydrolyzed by cholinesteraseE．it is retaken into the vesicle23. The elevated blood pressure caused by epinephrine may be reversed by A．propranololB．phentolamineC．norepinephrineD．nicotineE．atropine24. Scopolamine is contraindicated in patients withA．glaucomaB．gastrospasmC．organophosphate poisoningD．infectious shockE．parkinsonism25. Which of the following does NOT belong to muscarinic actions caused by M-receptor activation?A. Heart depressionB. Vessel dilationC. Smooth muscle contractionD. Glands secretion increasedE. Mydriasis26. Which of the following can inhibit the acetylcholinesteraseA. PilocarpineB. OrganophosphateC. EpinephrineD. TimololE. Atropine27. Which of the following is NOT correct in the treatment of acute organophosphate poisonA. supporting respirationB. gastriclavageC. blocking the muscarinic effect by atropineD. blocking the nicotinic effect by succinylcholineE. reactivating the inhibited cholinesterase by PAM28. The intoxication of tubocurarine can be antagonized byA. atropineB. adrenalineC. neostigmineD. dopamineE. ephedrine29. Which of the following is the drug of choice in the treatment of cardiac arrest?A. AtropineB. EpinephrineC. NorepinephrineD. IsoprenalineE. Lidocaine30. The dilation of bronchial smooth muscle can be caused byA.α 1 -receptor activationB.α 2 -receptor activationC.β 1 -receptor activationD.β 2 -receptor activationE.M-receptor activationPART ⅡPlease explain the following pharmacological terms（20 points）1.Agonist2.First-pass elimination3.Side reaction4.First-order Elimination Kinetics5.Therapeutic index (TI)PART ⅢAssay Questions （20 points）1. Please describe the pharmacological action of atropine.2.Why is epinephrine used as the drug of choice in the treatment of allergicshock?ANSWERS:1.D2.B3.A4.C5.D6.D7.B8.B9.D 10.A 11.A 12. B 13. C 14.B 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.B 21.C 22.D 23.B 24.A 25. E 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.D。