高考阅读理解第一讲-细节理解题
高考英语江苏：专题三+阅读理解第一讲+细节理解题
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【能力要求】
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【图解题型】
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阅读理解解题四步法 第一步：扫描题干，画关键定位词，区分题型和预测文章主要内容 第二步：通读全文，抓住中心 1.通读全文，抓两个重点： (1)段中心句。核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题。 (2)其他各段的段首和段尾句。其他部分略读，有重点地读。
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[典例4] (2019·江苏卷，阅读C) In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the
recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”.As a result，in the last twenty years or so，many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back.Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital，labour and goods, with poor results.
2021浙江新高考英语二轮复习课件：专题一 阅读理解 第一讲 理解文中具体信息——细节理解题
29．Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch? A．To meet with her coworkers. B．To catch up with her work. C．To have some time on her own. D．To collect data for her report.
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅰ·A 片段) Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符 合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
常见的设问方式： ◆Which of the following best describes...? ◆Why was...a success? ◆How does the writer recommend...to readers?
专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)(解析版)
专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)目录考点阅读理解之细节理解题------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向1 考查直接信息题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向2 考查间接信息题--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页考向3 考查数字计算题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页1．命题规律--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页2．细节题的设题方式-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页3．常用的解题方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10页4．阅读理解之细节理解题的解题关键-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页5．细节理解题的实用技巧---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页【题型特训·命题预测】------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向1 考查直接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向2 考查间接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14页预测考向3 考查数字计算题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17页考点 阅读理解之细节理解题考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考阅读理解细节理解题考向分布。
(完整版)高考阅读理解细节题
一、细节判断题： (根据题目到文中定位、根据选项判断四选项的对错)细节题的重点是：定位定位主要从段再到具体的句如何定位：通过中心词定位到段，再根据某一方面具体到句问题一：如何将问题进行解析来定位问题二:如何将四个选项进行分析来定位总结：将一个句子拆分开1.which one is ture among the sentences?（判断四个选项的对错：其中有3个选项存在细节性的错误，在看选项时务必将每个选项可能存在的错误找出来在到文中进行比对）2。
what can we infer from the passage?（四个选型那句话是对的)课堂讲解训练ATEACH DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IN QUITO IN ECUADORSUMMARY FACTFILEPrice: From ￡775, excluding flightsDuration ： From 2 weeks to 6 months subject to visa requirementsStart Dates ： All year round —you choose your start and finish datesRequirements ： At least aged 17, no qualifications necessary, but you’ll have to be enthusiastic。
You’ll need to know a little Spanish to do this project, but if you have no knowledge of Spanish at all, you can combine your project with 1—week intensive （强化的) Spanish course in Quito before starting your project 。
01 阅读理解(细节理解题 )
阅读理解---细节理解题[设题特点]新高考阅读理解的4种命题形式中，细节理解题所占相对比例最高，但相对容易，重在考查对文章的某一细节或事实的理解，都是对文中具体信息进行提问，如who,when,where,which,why,what,how many/much等。
[选项特征]正确选项特征1.同义替换：指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换；有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换；2.信息归纳：用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案；3.正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项；4.原文原词：利用原文原词作为正确选项。
干扰选项特征1.张冠李戴：是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；2.无中生有：符合常识，但不是文章的内容；3.曲解文意：与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动；4.颠倒是非：在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；5.正误参半：部分正确，部分错误。
考法一直接细节题[技法点拨][设题特点]直接细节题的特点是在原文中可以找到和选项信息几乎一样的短语或句子。
只需要弄清题干问的是什么,找到题干中的关键信息，然后根据信息在文中寻找相关内容(有时需跨段落寻找细节信息)。
正确选项和原文在表述上没有太大的变化。
常涉及考查直接细节题的一般为应用文，涉及人与社会这一主题的：①旅游广告；①活动介绍/通知/启事；①演出信息；①飞机/火车等交通工具出行问题。
[设问方式] 特殊疑问句形式：以when,where,what,which,who等疑问词开头引出问题。
典例1【江苏省百校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次考试】Even tree-planting can increase health risks to local human populations if it focuses too narrowly on a small number of species, as is often the case in commercial forests. Outbreaks of infectious diseases are more likely in areas of monoculture plantations, according to a new study.The researchers of the study said this was because diseases are filtered (过滤) and blocked by a range of predators (食肉动物) and habitats in a healthy, biodiverse forest. When this is replaced by a palm oil plantation or soy fields, the specialist species die off, leaving generalists such as rats and mosquitoes to thrive (繁殖) and spread pathogens across human and non-human habitats. The net result is a loss of natural disease regulation.The researchers examined the correlation between trends for forest cover, plantations, population and disease around the globe using statistics from international institutions such as the World Health Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization. Over the period of study from 1990 to 2016, this covered 3,884 outbreaks of 116 diseases that crossed the species barrier and 1,996 outbreaks of 69 vector-borne infectious diseases, mostly carried by mosquitoes, ticks or flies.The new study adds to a growing body of evidence that viruses are more likely to transfer to humans or animals if they live in or near human-disturbed ecosystems. This is shaped by trade patterns and consumer behaviour. A quarter of global forest loss is driven by the production of commodities such as beef, soy, palm oil and wood fibre.Morand, lead-author of the study, said his study showed that disease risks need to be added to risk-benefit analysis of new projects. “We should take the costs of public health into account when considering new plantations. The risks are first to local people, but then worldwide because we have seen with Covid how quickly diseases can spread.”Morand is now working on a more detailed study that will use satellite analysis of forest cover to examine links with disease. With more information, he believes it may be possible to predict future outbreaks and to work with local communities to build ecologically diverse and economically productive landscapes that reduce the risks.12．Why are outbreaks of infectious diseases more likely in areas of monoculture plantations?A．The specialist species are wiped out by their predators.B．Biodiversity decline destroys natural disease regulation.C．Local human populations have no knowledge of health risks.D．Commercial forests provide food for disease-carrying insects.13．How did the researchers get their findings?A．By conducting data analysis.B．By referring to another study.C．By making field investigation.D．By consulting authoritative agencies.【答案】12．B13．A12．细节理解题。
高考英语二轮复习-第二部分-题型突破-专题12-阅读理解-第1讲-细节理解题(二)对点特训
第1讲细微环节理解题（二）细微环节理解题(二)A(2016·山西四校高三第三次联考)World Book Day is a celebration of all things wonderful about books for all ages, with author events, school fancy－dress parades(游行) and a ￡1 book token(购书券) given to all school children under 18. It is a yearly event on 23rd April, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), to promote reading.In the United Kingdom, the day is recognized on the first Thursday in March. On 3rd March, 2016 children of all ages in the U．K. will come together to appreciate reading. Sometimes, reading a modern novel can be tough (Booker Prize winner The Luminaries runs to 832 pages! ), especially if reading is not your strong suit. In fact, one in six people in the U．K. never pick up a book because they've experienced difficulties or are out of the habit of reading for pleasure.The Galaxy Quick Reads series are designed to introduce reluctant readers to bestselling short funny novels, which bring the joy of reading without demanding hours of concentrated time. They cover a range of subjects, from romance to comedy.Jojo Moyes's Paris for One is a romantic adventure in which 26－year－old Nell books a weekend away to Paris with her lazy, neglectful boyfriend. When he fails to turn up, she is alone in the city. That is, until she meets Fabien, who shows her the charms of the French capital—in more ways than one.Adele Geras's moving story Out In The Dark was set in World War I, in which young Rob came back from the battlefields. Determined to find the officer's widow to return the photo of her and their daughter that the captain kept with him, he traveled several thousand miles but never gave up.Dead Man Talking is a fantastic tale of Pat, who had a terrible fight with his best friend, Joe, ten years ago—but now hears that Joe is dead, and he must attend his funeral. But Joe is not going quietly that very night—he's lying in his coffin being very chatty indeed.体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：《银河快速阅读》系列语篇导读：有些书让不擅长阅读的读者望而却步。
通用版2024高考英语二轮复习第一板块阅读理解之题型篇专题一第一讲细节理解题_定位信息巧比对讲义
专题一阅读理解[全国卷3年考情分析]题型与题量卷别细微环节理解题推理推断题主旨大意题词义揣测题考情分析从统计表可以看出，高考英语阅读理解的题型设置以细微环节理解题和推理推断题为主，兼顾主旨大意题和词义揣测题。
细微环节理解题相对简洁，而其他三种题型相对较难。
在近两年的考查趋向上，细微环节理解题的答案更加隐藏，叙述含蓄，干脆信息题会越来越少，取而代之的将是事实细微环节题加入很多推理、推断、归纳等元素；推理推断题的难度会适当加大。
本专题将对这四种题型进行递进式的指导。
2024 卷Ⅰ7 5 2 1 卷Ⅱ9 3 2 1 卷Ⅲ9 3 2 12024 卷Ⅰ7 6 1 1 卷Ⅱ 5 6 2 2 卷Ⅲ 6 6 2 12024 卷Ⅰ10 3 1 1卷Ⅱ7 5 1 2卷Ⅲ8 4 1 2第一讲细微环节理解题——定位信息巧比对细微环节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简洁，只须要依据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。
因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。
但有些细微环节理解题由于命题人有意设置障碍，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有时又有转折、否定等，因此有些题目须要细致地思索、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。
尽管细微环节理解题相对简洁，但不行掉以轻心。
细微环节理解题常见的考查题型有：干脆信息题、间接信息题、概括细微环节理解题和正误推断题。
一、题型特点要知晓(一)细微环节理解题常见设问方式1．特别疑问句形式。
以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。
2．推断是非形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题。
此时要留意题干中是否含有否定词，如not, never等。
3．以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。
高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读理解篇专题1阅读理解第1讲细节理解类课件
• ……
• Q：What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
• A．Her lack of proper training in law. • B．Her little work experience in court. • C．The discrimination against women. • D．The poor financial conditions.
• ◆Rental Information
• Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
•
(2017·全国Ⅰ，A片段)
• Pacific Science Center Guide
• ◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Store
• Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
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阅读理解第一讲细节理解题
1.全国卷3年高考统计表
[解题指导]
1．阅读短文和读题审题的先后顺序问题。
Passage→Questions→Passage这种答题模式有利于把握文章的主旨和作者的态度情感，但是速度较慢，不能在阅读过程中积极主动地预测文章内容，不能快速地把握题目和选项的关联性。
因此，阅读过程缺乏主观能动性。
Questions→Passage→Questions这种答题模式针对性较强，节省答题时间，可用来解答细节性的问题，但是对于主旨性和推断性问题显得效果不明显。
对于两种答题模式，可根据题型而做出选择，以提高答题效率。
2．准确定位阅读材料的题材和体裁，抓住正确选项和干扰选项的特征，把握短文材料的主旨大意，依照题目和自然段对应的关系，找出事实依据，排除绝对意义的语义选项，提高阅读速度和精确度。
1．特殊疑问句形式。
以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．判断是非的形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true/false或EXCEPT等词的判断是非的问题。
要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。
3．以“According to...”开头的提问形式。
4．填空形式。
如The teacher used Tinkertoys in order to________。
一、细节理解题正确选项的特征
1．同义替换。
对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。
如把lose one’s job换成了be out of work；有时候词性或者语态有所变化。
把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important 改成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，即主动语态与被动语态的转换。
2．语言简化。
把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
3．正话反说。
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
二、细节理解题干扰选项的特征
1．张冠李戴。
是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2．无中生有。
符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3．曲解文意。
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。
4．颠倒是非。
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
5．正误参半。
部分正确，部分错误。
一、直接信息题——“关键词”定位法
首先从问题中找到“关键词”，然后以此为线索，运用略读和跳读的技巧在文中快速寻找“关键词”细节部分，找到后仔细阅读这一部分内容，仔细对比文中细节与所给选项的细微差别，然后确定最佳答案。
二、间接信息题——对号入座法和排除法
间接信息题属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。
命题者在出此类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的方法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A观点说成B观点等。
所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是解题的关键。
常见干扰项的特点：
1.将原文内容扩大或缩小。
把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上
却是错误选项。
2.无中生有。
即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
3.偷换概念。
把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，而所述细节却与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
4.文不对题。
这类选项最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确实属于原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
5.符合常识，但不是文章内容。
6.部分正确，部分错误。
例如：Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.
…
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解A片段)
…
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930－present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
…
22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.。