倒装
倒装
英语句子的语序一般是固定的：主语在前，谓语在后，这叫陈述语序。谓语的全部或一部分（助动词或情态动词）放在主语之前的现象称为倒装。倒装有两种情况：语法倒装和修辞倒装。因为语法结构而必须倒装的，叫语法倒装；为达到某种修辞目的而倒装的，叫修辞倒装。我们学习倒装的主要目的是增加对英语句式多样性的认识，以便在写作和口语中使用，这也是我们学习英语语法的主要目的。
一、语法倒装
1．一般疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装
例如：
Shall I open the door? 要我开门吗？
Are you cold? 你冷吗？
Can you read this poem in German? 你能用德语朗诵这首诗吗？
Which of the pictures do you like best? 你最喜欢哪张画？
How are you getting along? 你目前怎么样？
When will there be lasting peace in the world?
什么时候世界上才能有持久的和平？
2．There be 句型当中。There be 句型表达的意思是：“某处有….”。这个句型的主语在谓语动词后面，因此这是倒装语序。
例如：
There are not many people who want to read this book.
想看这本书的人不多。
There once lived a pack of wolves in this cave.
在这个洞里曾经住过一群狼。
There happened to be a taxi parked at the gate.
碰巧门口停着一辆出租车。
There is going to be a change in our arrangement.
我们的安排将有一个变化。
3．当连词as 表示“虽然、尽管”引导让步状语从句时，句子要倒装，as 相当于though,可以替换。
如：
Small as/though the atom is, we can smash it.
尽管原子很小，我们可以击碎它。
Tired as/though he was, he went on working.
(=Although he was very tired, he went on working.)
虽然他很累，他还是接着工作。
Cold as/though it was, we went out. 虽然天气冷，我们还是出去了。
Child as/though she is, she knows a great deal.
她虽然是个孩子，但她懂得很多。
Teacher as he is, he knows little about teaching.
尽管他是个老师，但不懂什么教学。
Pilots as he claims he is, no one has ever seen him fly a plane.
尽管他声称是个飞行员，但谁也没见过他非飞机。
注意后四句是可数名词单数作表语并提前，习惯上不用冠词。
翻译练习：
尽管他自己受伤了，但他还是尽力帮助别人脱险。
→Wounded as he himself was, he still tried to help others to safety.
尽管他很有名，但他很平易近人。
→Famous as he is, he is easy going.
尽管他是囚犯，他行为举止仍像个国王。
→Captive as he is, he still behaves as if he were a king/behaves like a king.
4．虚拟语气条件从句中的if 被省略时，要把从句中的were, had 或should 移到主语之前。（if 的省略、倒装只限于从句中有were, had 或should这三个词时。）
例如：
If I had been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.
=Had I been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.
如果我在你的位置，我不会这样早放弃。
If he were to succeed, the sun would rise from the west.
＝Were he to succeed, the sun….
如果他能成功，太阳就会从西边出来。
If you should be asked about this, say that you know nothing.
=Should you be asked about this, say……
如果有人问起你这件事，你就说你什么也不知道。
Were there no air or water, there would be no life on the earth.
如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会有生命。
Had you been more careful, you might have avoided the mistake.
如果你再细心点，本来事可以避免这个错误的。
5．以so开头的，表示“也一样”，“也这样”的句子要倒装。So 用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是“so + be (do, have 其他助动词或情态动词)＋主语”。
如：
Production is going up, so is the people’s standard of living.
生产不断发展，人们的生活水平也一样。
Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社会变了，
社会上的人也变了。
Coal is under the ground, and so is oil. 煤在地底下，石油也是。
He saw it, and so did I. 他看见了，我也看见了。
They can swim now, and so can we. 他们现在能游泳，我们也能。
We must start for the work-site now. So must you.
我们该动身去工地了，你们也该去了。
注意：如果只是对前句的内容表示同意，则不要倒装。
如：
It was hot yesterday. ？So it was! 昨天很热。是的。
He works very hard. ？So he does. 他工作很努力。是的。
Tomorrow will be Monday. ？So it will. 明天星期一。对。
翻译下列句子：
1）我会说英语。我弟弟也会。
→I can speak English. So can my brother.
2）他们上星期日到颐和园去了。我们也去了。
→They went to the Summer Palace last Sunday. So did we.
3）他去过长城。我也去过。
→He has been to the Great Wall. So have I.
4）她喜欢教英语。我姐姐也喜欢。
→She enjoys teaching English. So does my sister.
5）你说他很努力，对，他确实很努力，你也一样。
→You say he works hard. So he does, and so do you.
注意：在so…..that…..结构中，如果so 在句首，通常也用倒装结构。
例如：
So easy is it that a boy can learn it.
那很容易，小孩子都能学。
（原句是：It is so easy that a boy can learn it.）
So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly understand him clearly. 他说得很快，我们简直听不清楚。
（原句是：He spoke so rapidly that we could hardly understand him clearly.）
6．以neither与nor开头的句子，表示“…也不”时，句子倒装。Neither 与nor 意思相同，可以互换。Neither, nor 用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是：Neither (nor) + be (do, have, 其他助动词或情态动词) ＋主语。
例如：
I won’t do such a thing. Nor/Neither will anyone else.
我不会做这样的事，别人也不会。
The first one wasn’t good and neither was the second.
第一个不好，第二个也不好。
I won’t go there. Neither will she.
我将不去那里。她也不去。
翻译练习：
1）我不知道他住哪儿。她也不知道。
I don’t kn ow where he lives. Neither does she.
2）我不知道这两个句子的区别。？他们也不知道。
I don’t know the difference between these two sentences. Nor do they.
3）我昨天晚上没有写作文。魏芳也没写。
I didn’t write my composition yesterday evening. Neither did Wei Fang.
4）学生们不在教室里。老师也不在。
The students were not in the classroom. Nor was the teacher.
7．以here, there, now, then 等副词开头的句子中。习惯上用一般现在时（除以then开头的句子用过去时）。
例如：
There comes the bus! 汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Now comes your turn. 该轮到你了。
Then came a new difficulty. 接着来了个新难题。
Then followed three days of heavy rain. 后来连着下了三天大雨。
Up went the plane. 飞起来了飞机。
Our rushed a cat from under the bed. 从床底下窜出一只猫。
Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。
注意：在这种句型中，如果主语是代词时就不倒装。
例如：
Here you are. 给你。
There he comes. 他来了。
Here it is. 这就是。
8．在表示祝愿的句子中。
如：
May you have a pleasant trip. 祝你旅途愉快。
二、修辞倒装
1．在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor, little, nowhere, hardly….when, no sooner….than, by no means, under no circumstances 等开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。
例如：
Never have I come across such a difficult problem.
我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。
Seldom do I read such magazines. 我很少读这种杂志。
No sooner had they left than the bus arrived.
他们刚走，公共汽车就来了。
Never before have I met him. 我以前从未见过他。
Hardly did I think it possible. 我想这几乎不可能。
Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but we should try our best to overcome them.
我们不但应该不怕困难，而且要尽最大努力克服困难。
Not until midnight did it stop raining. 直到半夜雨才停。
（正常语序是：It did not stop raining until midnight. 注意not位置的变化）
Very seldom do you find that two clocks or watches exactly agree. 你很难发现两个钟或表的时间完全一样。
By no means will this method produce satisfactory results.
这种方法决不会产生令人满意的结果。
翻译练习（使用倒装结构）：
1)我从来没有读过这么一本有意思的书。
Never have I read such an interesting book.
2)她一点也不知道会发生什么事。
Little does she know what may happen.
3)我简直不相信这是真的。
Hardly could I believe it (to be) true.
4)我刚到家，就下起大雨来了。
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain heavily.
5)最近我很少见到她。
Seldom have I met her recently.
6)爱因斯坦不仅是世界闻名的科学家，而且还是一个相当不错的小提琴家。
Not only was Einstein a world famous scientist, but also a fairly good violinist.
7)直到战争结束，他才回家。
Not until after the war did he return home.
（正常语序是：He did not return home until after the war.）
8)在任何情况下，我们都不应该做违反人民意愿的事。
Under no circumstances should we do anything against the will of the people.
2．在以“only+状语”开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状
语从句，这是关键。否则就不倒装。
例如：
Only after the war was over was man able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb.
只是在战争结束后人类才意识到原子弹的可恶。
（注意：only 引导的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装。）
Only then did I realize the importance of English.
只在那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can we improve ourselves.
只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。
Only after you finish it can you leave.
只有结束它以后，你才能离开。（主句倒装）
注意：Only 如不在句首，或only 修饰的不是状语，则不倒装。
如：
The contract was signed only after bitter negotiations.
只有在艰苦的谈判以后，合同才得以签署。
（改成倒装：Only after bitter negotiations was the contract signed.）
Only the senior staff are allowed to use this room.
只许资深的职员使用这个房间。
Only five passengers survived the accident.
事故中只有五位旅客生存了下来。
翻译练习（用倒装结构）：
1）我今天早上才听到这个不幸的消息。
→Only this morning did I hear the sad news.
2）他1949年以后才能上学。
→Only after 1949 was he able to go to school.
3）过了几个月，我才看到工作的结果。
→Only after several months did I see the results of my work.
4）经过长时间的争论他才同意我们的意见。
→Only after a long argument did he agree with us.
5）只有这样，你才能学好英语。
→Only in this way can you learn English well.
3．用于以表示处所、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示运动的不及物动词（如go, come, rush, fly 等）作谓语时，为了表示生动，可将某些副词放在句首，谓语动词放在主语之前，形成倒装结构。
例如：
Away flew the birds. 鸟儿飞走了。
Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。
Down came the rain. 下起大雨来了。
Bang went the firecracker. 爆竹砰的一声响了。
The door burst open and in rushed a stranger.
门突然开了，一个陌生人冲了进来。
4．用倒装来避免头重脚轻，使句子显得平衡。这主要是因为主语过长或强调表语或状语。
例如：
At the center of the big room over there is a table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America.
在那边那个大房子的中央有一张用从南美洲的巴西进口的木头做成的桌子。
（正常语序：A table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America is at the center of the big room over there. 这句话主语和谓语间隔太长，不平衡。）
Still wider will be the use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense.
雷达在我们的国防事业中起着非常重要的作用，它的用处将会更广泛。
（正常语序：The use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense, will be still wider. 主语和谓语间隔太长，不平衡。）
Written in English on the blackboard were these words: “Merry Christmas!”在黑板上用英语写着这么几个字：“圣诞快乐！”
Present at the meeting were the school headmaster, the English teacher, and the students’parents. 出席会议的有校长、英语教师和学生们的家长。
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms. 金字塔里面是国王和王后们的墓穴和通往墓穴的长通道。
5．其他用法
（1）倒装还可用在强调表语和宾语的句子中。把表语和宾语提到主语前。
如：
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
爱因斯坦就是这样一个取得了伟大成就的单纯的人。
Such was the story he told me. 这就是他给我讲的故事。
Happy is he who devotes himself to the cause of communism.
献身于共产主义事业的人是幸福的。
Great have been our achievements since 1978.
自从1978年以来我们取得的成就是伟大的。
So careful is she in doing her job that she never makes mistakes.
她工作如此认真，从来不犯错误。
Involved in the problem are some teaching methods.
牵涉在这个问题中的是某些教学方法。
Written on the label is the model of the machine.
写在标签上的是机器的型号。
Very important in our lives is reading. 在我们生命中非常重要的是读书。
Still greater contributions should we make to promoting the friendship. 为促进友谊我们应当做出更大的贡献。
注意：如主语是代词，且无较长的修饰语时，即便表语提前也不倒装。
如：
Terribly hot it certainly was. 天确实是太热了。
A very reliable person he is. 他是一个可靠的人。
（2）某些表示祝愿的句子倒装。
如：
Long live the friendship among the Asian people and sportsmen!
亚洲各族人民和运动员之间的友谊万岁！
May you return safe and sound. 祝你平安归来！
May you succeed. 祝你成功。
May your country become rich and strong. 祝你的祖国繁荣强大。
（3）在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, every two hours, thus (方式状语)，so (程度状语)，in the distance, in front of (地点状语)等开头的句子中，如果强调这些状
语，就倒装；如果不想强调这些状语，就不倒装。
如：
Often did we warn them not to do it. 我们经常警告他们别做这事。
Often had I intended to speak of it. 我曾经多次想谈及那件事情。
Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.
他不止一次帮我做实验。
Thus was the Emperor deceived. 皇帝就这样受骗了。
So busy is he that he has no time to spare. 他忙得抽不出一点儿时间。
So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光的传播太快了，我们很难想象它的速度。
In the distance was a tall tree. 远处有一棵大树。
翻译练习（地点状语放在句首，倒装）：
1)在那棵大树底下坐着一个老农民。
Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer.
2)教室的外面站着一个男孩。
Outside the classroom stood a boy.
3)农舍后面是一片稻田。
Behind the farmhouse was a rice field.
4)小山脚下有一个美丽的小湖。
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.
（4）在直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的句子里，主语是名词时，常用倒装结构；主语是代词时，往往不用倒装结构。
例如：
“You all did well in the exam,” said the teacher.
“你们大家考的都很好。”老师说。
“How is your mother?” asked her friend.
“你母亲近况如何？”她的朋友问道。
“Let’s go,”suggested Mary. “我们走吧。”玛丽建议说。
“Nonsense!”shouted the man. “胡说！”那个人喊道。
“Whom are you looking for?”she asked. “你找谁？”她问道。
“Yes, I’m a new student,” he answered.
“对，我是新生。”他回答说。
倒装句综合练习
1．把下列句子改写成倒装句，把括号里的词放在句首：
Models:
The lesson had hardly begun when the lights went out. (hardly)
→Hardly had the lesson begun when the lights went out.
It can’t be done in any other way. (in no other way)
→In no other way can it be done.
1)They had never seen such a sight before. (never before)
→Never before had they seen such a sight.
2)They had no sooner entered the theatre than the performance began. (no sooner)
→No sooner had they entered the theatre than the performance began.
3)She will not do such a thing under any circumstances. (under no circumstances)
→Under no circumstances will she do such a thing.
4)The lesson will not begin until everyone is seated. (not until)
→Not until everyone is seated will the lesson begin.
5)I will on no account sign this document. (on no account)
→On no account will I sign this document.
6)He wrote the letter so badly that I couldn’t read it. (so ba dly)
→So badly did he write the letter that I couldn’t read it.
7)You will succeed only by working hard. (only)
→Only by working hard will you succeed.
8)He seldom takes a holiday. (seldom)
→Seldom does he take a holiday.
9)He not only advised me what to do; he also lent me the money. (not only)
→Not only did he advise me what to do, he also lent me the money.
10)He hardly realizes how ill he is. (hardly)
→Hardly does he realize how ill he is.
11)The old man didn’t say a word. (not a word)
→Not a word did the old man say.
12)The soldiers didn’t utter a sound while the general was speaking. (not a sound)→Not a sound did the soldiers utter while the general was speaking.
13)I have hardly ever seen anyone so unhappy. (hardly ever)
→Hardly ever have I seen anyone so unhappy.
14)I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset. (rarely)
→Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
15)He didn’t speak to us even once. (not even once)
→Not even once did he speak to us.
2．用倒装结构翻译下列句子：
1)枪砰的一声响，鸟儿都飞了。
Crack went the gun and away flew the birds.
2)一群士兵突然冲进宅内。
Suddenly into the house rushed a group of soldiers.
3)他简直没有时间玩。
Scarcely could he find time for playing.
4)我们学校附近有一座高大的建筑。
Near our school there stands a high building.
5)我晚上很少一个人出去散步。
Seldom do I go for a walk in the evening by myself.
6)她几乎无法用言语来表达她的感激之情。
Hardly could she express her gratitude in words.
7)要是你早来一会儿，就赶上火车了。
Had you arrived a little earlier, you could have caught the train.
8)过了一个星期她才知道父亲去世了。
Only after a week did she know about her father’s death.
9)他不但勤奋，而且富有想象力。
Not only is he industrious, but he is also imaginative.
10)如果你听了他的劝告，你早就成功了。
Had you followed his advice, you would have succeeded.
【英语】中考英语倒装句技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)
【英语】中考英语倒装句技巧阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案) 一、倒装句 1． In recent years more and more Indians like traveling in Asia during May Day. . A. So do we Chinese B. So we Chinese do C. Neither do we Chinese D. Neither we Chinese will 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：最近几年在五一期间，越来越多的印度人喜欢在亚洲旅行。So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某也如此，与上文不是同一人，如果上句是否定句，表达某某也不neither +助动词+主语；so + 主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某确实如此，与上文是同一人。该句式在时态，人称上与前一个句子相同。上句是肯定句，故选A。 【点评】考查倒装句。 2．— I think the plan is just a waste of time. What do you think? — Well, if you don't support the plan, ________. A. neither do I B. so do I C. neither will I D. so will I 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——我认为这个计划只是在浪费时间。您是怎么想的？——好，如果你不支持这个计划，我也不支持。Neither+助动词+主语，表示主语也不是……；这里是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，这里是主句，故助动词用will。根据题意，故选C。 【点评】考查倒装句，注意Neither+助动词+主语，表示主语也不是这样；so+助动词+主语，表示主语也是这样。 3．—He's never been late for school. —________________. A. So have I B. So am I C. Neither have I D. Nor am I 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—他从来没有上学迟到过。—我也没有。So+助动词+主语，表示主语也是；neither+助动词+主语，表示主语也不是这样；根据上文是现在完成时，这里用助动词have。根据题意，故选C。 【点评】考查固定句型neither+谓+主。 4．If you go to his party tomorrow, A. won't, neither do I B. don't, neither will I C. don't, neither do I D. /, so do I
倒装句与强调句专练
倒装句与强调句专练 （）l. Only in this way _______the foreign language well. A. can we learn B. can learn we C, should we learn D. we can learn （）2, On the ground _______which had gone into the cave to die. A. an old sick goat lay B. lay an old sick goat C. lying an old sick goat D. an old sick goat lying （）3. It is so hard for people to understand his behavior. Never _______ his thoughts. A. you can learn B. can you master C. you can study D, can you read （）4. _______ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise. A. Rushed he out B. Out rushed he C. Out he rushed D. Out did he rush （）5. _______ for the doctor, the old man would have died a long time ago. A. If it had been B. If it were not C. Were it not D. Had it not been （）6. Not until _______ to the top of the palace ______ caught. A.. he got, was he B. did he get, he was C. he got, he was D. did he got, he was （）7. It is not _______ number of books you read but the way in which you read them _ _____ decides how successfully you gain knowledge. A. the, that B. a, that C. a, which D. the, which （）8, Was it for the reason ______ he left school at the age of eleven. A. because B. why C. what 1（）. that （）9. ______ that he found it difficult to stop at the red light. A. So fast he was driving B. So fast he drove C. So fast was he driving D. So fast drove he （）10. It is because she is too inexperienced _______ she does not know how to deal with the situation. A. so that B. that is why C. that D. so （）11.No sooner _______ arrived _______ he set out to write his report A. he had, than R. had he , than C. he had, when D. had he, when （）12.Could it have been yesterday _______ you found the old man _______ and _ ___ on the bed? A. when , seated , dressed himself B. that, seated, dressing himself C. that, seating, dressing himself D. when, sitting, dressing in clothes （）13.He _______ like to listen to music in ______. A. do, silence B. does, the silence C. does, silence D./, silent （）14.Was it because he was ill ____ _ lie asked for leave ? A. and B. that C. it D. which
英语完全倒装和部分倒装解决不易懂
完全倒装 完全倒装则指将谓语动词完全（全部）置于主语前。完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件： ①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词，且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 ②主语只能是名词。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。 The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。 注：若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装。如： Away he went. 他跑远了。 主要分为以下几种类型： 1.there/here/then/now/next 等地点副词和时间副词+V.+ 主语 2.up/down/off/out/in/away 等表示运动方向的副词+V.+主语 3.in the room, on the wall + V+主语等介词短语+V.+主语 4.such+ be.+主语 用法说明与经典例句： 1.在以here , there 等表示地点的here型副词开头的句子里，要用全部倒装以示强调。 在描述情景时，为了使景象更生动，有时把here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等方向性副词作为句子开头，句子用完全倒装。此时， ①子主语必须是名词； ②谓语动词通常是be, come, go, run, rush, fly, follow, fall等表示位移的不及物动词，且为 一般时态； ③其中的here, there不是表示地点，而是用以引起对方注意。如： here comes the bus. There is a hole in the wall. Here are some advertisements about cars. 这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。 2.以表示时间的副词Now，then 引导的句子，谓语动词是come, begin, end, follow, be 等表示位移或状态的词时，句子要用全部倒装。 Then came the workers. Now is your turn. 注：如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。 Then he went.
(完整版)部分倒装与完全倒装的区别
部分倒装与完全倒装的区别 英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，称为完全倒装；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。 一、全部倒装 1．以here，there，now，then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如： Here comes the train！ There goes the bell！ 注意：如果句子的主语是人称代词，则不能使用倒装结构。如： Here it comes！／There it goes！ 2．有些动词短语以副词out，in，up，down，away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。这时，为了使句子更形象，常将这些副词提前到句首。这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面，构成全部倒装。（注意，这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词，也不能使用倒装结构。）如： Up went the rocket． Up it went． 3．为了强调表示地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句首，构成全部倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如： In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker． 4．表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如： Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat． 5．so／neither／nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者，其倒装结构为“so／neither ／nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”（so表示肯定意义，neither／nor表示否定意义）。如： She has finished her homework，so has her brother． She hasn’t gone there，neither／nor has he． 但如果so表示强调，即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构是“so＋主语＋助动词／系动词／情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：She knows little English，so she does．她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。 二．部分倒装 1．用于疑问句中。如： How did you do that﹖ Did you see the film yesterday﹖ 2．用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略，应把were，had，should提到主语前面。如： If you had come yesterday，you would have seen him． →Had you come yesterday，you would have seen him． 3．用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式： 1) 副词置于句首。如： Much as I like it (＝Although I like it very much), I will not buy it．
托福阅读常见句型解析之倒装句
托福阅读常见句型解析之倒装句 托福阅读之所以难就是句子太长不好分析，下面由为大家搜集的托福阅读常见句型解析之倒装句，欢迎大家阅读与! 如果你在备考托福阅读，那么你一定会在TPO4的第一篇文章Deer Populations of the Puget Sound的第三段看到这样一个句子：“…not until the second of December did they kill their first elk.”在这里，你可能会纳闷：为什么助动词“did”放在了“they”的前面?其实这是个倒装句。在什么情况下使用倒装呢?咱们今天就来看看托福阅读中常见的倒装句的“道”是什么。 常见词或词组有： not, never, rarely, little, hardly, seldom, on no aount, by no means, neither, nor … 因此，对于倒装句“…not until the second of December did they kill their first elk.”来说，第一步先把句子变成正常语序，即把not的位置还原，第二步再理解句子。那么这个句子就变成“…they did not kill their first elk until the second of December。”“not…until”表示“直到……才”，因此句子意思为：他们直到第二年的十二月才杀死了第一批麋鹿。
真题例句：Only recently have investigators considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites…(TPO5-1 Minerals and Plants) 解析：该句是only+recently(时间状语)位于句首引起的倒装， 因此该句变成正常语序为：“Investigators have only recently considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites…”,意思为：研究人员最近才考虑使用这些植物清理土壤和垃圾场。 真题例句：“So admired were these pieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation of porcelain and instigated research into the method of their manufacture.(TPO10-1 Chinese Pottery) 解析：该句是“so…that”结构中的so位于句首引起的倒装，因此该句变成正常语序为：“These pieces were so admired that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation of porcelain and instigated research into the method of their manufacture.”意思为：这些艺术品受到极高的赞赏，于是他们鼓励制陶来仿制瓷器，并激励人们研究制作方法。
高中英语 全部倒装
高中英语倒装02－全部倒装 倒装句主要分为和。 第十三章倒装 A. 完全倒装 完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。 On her left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她丈夫。 Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。 Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。 A.常见的完全倒装结构 1．there be 句型。 There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有一个手机和一些书。 There are thousands of people gathering on the square. 广场上聚集着成千上万的人 注意引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。 There lived an old fisherman in the village. 村里住着一位老渔夫。 There stand two white houses by the river. 河滨矗立着两座白房子。 There existed some doubt among the students. 学生中有些怀疑。 2．用于here, there, now, thus, then + 动词+ 主语的句型中（谓语动词多为be, go, come等）。 Here comes the bus．汽车来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。 Then came the order to take off. 起飞的命令到了。 3．以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。 In came a stranger in black. 进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。 Down fell the leaves. 树叶掉了下来。 注意在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。 Out she went. 她走了。 Here we are. 我们到了。 4．表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。South of the lake lies a big supermarket. 湖泊的南边是一个大超市。 20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool. 我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。On the floor were piles of old books, magazines and newspapers. 地板上是一堆堆旧的书报杂志。 5. “表语+连系动词+主语”结构。
倒装用法归纳(部分-全部)
Unit5 Grammar Inversion（倒装） 英语部分倒装用法归纳（Partial Inversion） 1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。 We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。 【注意】 (1)对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the r oom until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。 3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装 副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构： You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
英语阅读难句分析之倒装句
英语阅读难句分析之倒装句 英语阅读难句分析之倒装句 英语句子通常有两种语序，一种是自然语序(Natural Order)，又称正装语序，另一种便是本章要介绍的倒装语序(Inverted Order)。 从形式上分，倒装有两种：全部倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作全部倒装，例如：In front of me stood a boy. (我面前站着一个男孩。)只将谓语动词的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装，例如：Only in this way can we do it better. (只有这样，我们才能做得更好一些)从使用目的区分，倒装也有两种情况，即语法倒装(Grammatical Inversion)和修辞倒装(Rhetorical Inversion)。语法倒装是由于语法规则的要求而必须进行的倒装，例如：Who called me just now?(刚才谁打给我?)修辞倒装是出于修辞的需要而把正常语序转为倒装语序，例如：Out rushed the children.(孩子们冲了出去)H?Fowler归纳倒装的原因有九种，即疑问、命令、惊叹、假设、平衡、衔接、点题(signpost)、否定和韵律(metrical)。这并不完全，还应加上强调和为使描写更加生动两种。在英语中，倒装句俯拾即是，用得非常普遍，但汉语却很少用，所以在翻译倒装句时，仍应按原文词序翻译，并照顾汉语的习惯，以保持译文句子结构流畅、匀称。本章只列举在阅读文章中常遇到的倒装现象，以使考生熟悉英语和汉语在语序上的差异。 1. Jack London poured into his writings all the pain of his life,the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him,and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters. 第一层：Jack London 主poured 谓into his writings 状all the pain 宾of his life,定the fierce hatred 宾of the bourgeoisie 定that it had produced in him ,定语从句1 and 连the conviction 宾it had brought to him 定语从句2 that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise 同位语从句up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters . 第二层：(定语从句1)that 引it 主had produced 谓in him 状 (定语从句2)it 主had brought to 谓him 间宾 (同位语从句)that 引the world 主could be made 谓 a better place 宾to live in 定if the exploited would rise up and take the man- 状语从句agement of society out of the hands of the exploiters. 第三层：(状语从句)if 引the exploited 主would rise up 谓and 连take 谓the management 宾of society 定out of the hands of the exploiters 状 要点本句为倒装句。如果宾语较长或宾语结构比较复杂，往往将宾语后置，采用倒装语序，以使句子保持平衡。本句的宾语由三个并列的名词构成，且第二和第三个名词后又带有限定性定语从句，故采用倒装语序，将动词poured的宾语放在状语into his writings之后。all the pain……，the fierce hatred……和the conviction……是poured的三个并列的宾语;其中，
强调句和倒装句讲解与练习
强调句和倒装句 倒装是一种语法手段。 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。 强调句为了使句子的某一个成分受到强调，改变句子结构。 高考重点要求： 1、掌握部分倒装，全部倒装的句型及倒装形式 2、掌握倒装句的都中使用方式 第一节知识点扫描 一、强调句 为了突出某一部分重要信息，常常借用语法中的变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。 1. it 为先行词的强调结构 It was Li Ping who told me the news. (强调人时才能用who) It was in the park that I met him. (强调地点不能用where，只能用that) It was yesterday that I saw him off at the airport. (强调时间不能用when，只能用that) 2. 助动词do 的强调作用 在行为动词作谓语的句子中，常用“助动词do或did” + 谓语“动词原形”表示强调语气。 例如：She did go to see him yesterday. We do have four lessons in the morning. 二、倒装句 句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。倒装语序，谓语在前，主语在后。陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。 例如：He speaks English.(陈述句，自然语序) Does he speak English?(疑问句倒装语序) 倒装语序： 全部倒装，整个谓语放在主语之前。 部分倒装，谓语中需要强调的是一部分放在主语之前，其他部分仍放在主语之后。 倒装语序的作用，着重强调部分放在句首，引人注目。变化句子，使句子生动活泼。 例如：The bus comes home.(自然语序) Here comes the bus.(倒装语序) 倒装句除疑问句及“there + be “句之外，陈述句为了强调谓语或谓语某个部分也常可用倒装句，另外so,neither,no等词经常用于对话简略答语的句首，用倒装语序避免重复。 第二节实战演练 一、复习时需注意的要点 1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 例如：Here he comes. Away they went. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。 例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. —It's raining hard. —So it is.
最全英语倒装句语法
倒装句 概念：用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要，分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 一.完全倒装：句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。 1.以here, there, now, then等副词或out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等。 2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时 A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。 In he came and back he went again. Away he went . 二.部分倒装：be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面。 Is am are was were（be动词）do does did（助动词）can could would may will might（情态动词）等1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装. Only then did I realize the importance of learning English. Only after he came back was I able to see him. 注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：Only socialism can save China. I seldom go to the cinema. 倒装：Seldom do I go to the cinema. 我很少去看电影． I have never seen such a performance. 倒装：Never have I seen such a performance. 我从来没有看过这样的表演． 2.否定副词及介词短语的否定词位于句首时。 高考常考的这类词或词语有：never , not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time等。 3.not until 引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装 He didn’t finish his homework until his mother came back. 倒装：Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework. 直到他的妈妈回来，他才完成作业。 The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 倒装：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 等到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间． 注意：当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 4、as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句 名词\形容词\副词\分词+as\though+主语+其他 Although I am ugly, I am gentle. 倒装：Ugly as I am, I am gentle. Though he is a child, he has to make a living. 倒装：Child as he is, he has to make a living. 注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词
倒装常用句型
1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 2. “only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 3. “绝不”： 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：by no means/on no occasion/ not in the least;/ in no circumstances; On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.
无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 4.固定搭配： (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) “前倒后不倒型” ①由not only…but also引出的倒装 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装: Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. ②表示“刚……就……的倒装结构 no sooner…than, hardly… when，scarcely… when Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.
倒装和强调
高中倒装句和强调句1.倒装句 倒装句分为全倒装和半倒装两种。 1)全倒装的构成形式是:谓语十主语，构成条件是:(1)由there引导的存在句，用于这个句型中的动词有:be , come , lie , happen , appear , seen , stand , exist ,1iv e等。 (2)下列副词放在句首时，谓语动词一般是不及物动词的现在时和过去时，并且主语是名词要全倒装，但如果主语是代词就用自然语序。这些副词有：there,here,now,up,down, on,in,out,off,away,back等。 (3)地点状语放在句首，谓语是不及物动词的现在时和过去时，主谓要全倒装。如：North of the city lies a railway. (4)such作表语时要全倒装如：Such were the facts. (5)为平衡句子结构，当主语带有很长的同位语或定语从句时，谓语又是不及物动词，要全倒装。 2)半倒装的构成形式是助动词+主语+谓语。半倒装构成的条件是： (1)否定意义的副词状语放在句首时，这些动词有：never, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom,not，nowhere, by no means,in no time,in no way,neither...nor...放在分句句首时。 (2)only+状语放在句首时。only可以强调介词短语状语，也可以强调从句状语，主句中谓语要半倒装。 (3)下列句型中，not only如果主句中否定意义的词放在句首，主句中要用半倒装，从句中不倒装，这些句式有：a.not only... but also...b.no sooner...than...c.hardly...when...d.scarecely...when...e.not until...f.so或such...that... so或such修饰的成分放在句首，主句要半倒装that从句中不倒装。如：So good was the book that I couldn't tear from it. (4)“so +助动词+主语”表示也相同。 (5)在虚拟语气的条件从句中，如果有were, had, should时，可以移到主语前面.省略if 构成半倒装的条件从句。如果从句中没有这些同不能用倒装。 一、复习时需注意的要点 1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Here he comes. Away they went. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。 例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. —It's raining hard. —So it is. 2、only在句首要倒装的情况 例如：Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 3、在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：Were I you, I would try it again. 4、只有当Not only…but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only…but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。例如：Not only you but also I am fond of music. 2.强调句: 1)如果强调谓语动词，用助动词do(does) did加动间原形。2)如果强调主语、宾语、表语或状语，要用强调句型。①强调句型的构成: "It is( was)+被强调的句子成分+that(who)+其他成分”。 如果被强调部分是人可以用that也可以用who，如果是其他情况只能用that, ②强调句型的一般疑问句。Is it/was it+被强调部分+that( who) ? ③强调句型的特殊疑问句。 如果被强调的部分是特殊疑问词，特殊疑问词要放在句首构成特殊疑问句。who,(why, when, where, How等)is( was) it that......? ④强调not until...…状语。It is( was) not until...... that...... ⑤强调主语时.that或who后而的谓语形式要和主语保持一致。 一、强调句的基本结构及用法 强调句常用来突出说话人要强调的语言信息，给对方以强烈的印象和感受。译成汉语时，常加上“正是…”等字眼。 其基本结构是：It+ be的适当形式+被强调成分+that (who)+其他成分He bought the book in this shop yesterday. →It was he that bo ught the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he) →It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book) →It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop) 【注意】 1.在该强调结构中，It 无任何意义但不可以换成this或者that等。 It is (was)…that (who)…为结构词，假如去掉，剩下部分在语法结构和句子含义上均完整，这一点正是它和定语从句等的本质区别。2. 关于that与who：