第一套完
2019年6月英语六级真题与答案解析(第一套完整版)
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are baxxxxsed on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) why Roman Holiday was more famous than Breakfast at Tiffany’s.B)why Audrey Hepburn had more female fans than male ones.C)Why the woman wanted to be like Audrey Hepburn.D)why so many girls adored Audrey Hepburn.2. A)Her unique personality.B)Her physical condition.C)Her shift of interest to performing arts.D)Her family’s suspension of financial aid.3. A) She was not an outgoing person.B)She was modest and hardworkingC)She was easy-going on the whole.D)She was usually not very optimistic.4. A)She was influenced by the roles she played in the films.B)Her parents taught her to symbolize with the needy.C)She learned to volunteer when she was a child.D)Her family benifited from other people’s he lp.Questions 5 to 8 are baxxxxsed on the recording you have just heard.5. A) Give a presentation.B)Rise some questions.C)Start a new company.D)Ateed a board meeting.6. A) It will cut production costs.B)It will raise productivities.C)No staff willl be dismissed.D)No new staff will be hired.7.A) The timeline of restructuring.B) The reasons for restructuring.C) The communication channels.D) The company’s new missions.8.A) By consulting their own department managers.B) By emailing questions to the man or the woman.C) By exploring various channels of communication.D) By visiting the company’s own computer network.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are baxxxxsed on the passage you have just heard.9.A) It helps passengers to take care of their pet animals.B) It has animals to help passengers carry their language.C) It uses therapy animals to soothe nervous passengers.D) It allows passengers to have animal travel with them.10.A) Avoiding possible dangers.B) Finding their way around.C) Identifying drug smugglers.D) Looking after sick passengers.11.A) Schedule their flights around the animal visits.B) Photograph the therapy animals at the airport.C) Keep some animals for therapeutic purposes.D) Bring their animals on board their plane.Questions 12 to 15 are baxxxxsed on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Beside a beautifully painted wall in Arles.B) Beside the gate of an ancient Roman city.C) At the site of an ancient Roman mansion.D) At the entrance to a reception hall in Rome.13. A) A number of different images. B) A number of mythological heroes.C) Various musical instruments. D) Paintings by famous French artists.14. A) The originality and expertise shown. B) The worldly sophistication displayed.C)The stunning images vividly depicted. D) The impressive skills and costly dyes.15. A) His artistic taste is superb. B) His identity remains unclear.D) He was a collector of antiques. D) He was a rich Italian merchant.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are baxxxxsed on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They encourage international cooperation.B) They lay stress on basic scientific research.C) They place great emphasis on empirical studies.D) They favour scientists from its member countries.17. A) Many of them wish to win international recognition.B) They believe that more hands will make light work.C) They want to follow closely the international trend.D) Many of their projects have become complicated.18. A) It requires mathematicians to work independently.B) It is faced with many unprecedented challenges.C) It lags behind other disciplines in collaboration.D) It calls for more research funding to catch up.Questions 19 to 21 are baxxxxsed on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Scientists tried to send a balloon to Venus.B) Scientists discovered water on Venus.C) Scientists found Venus had atmosphere.D) Scientists observed Venus from a space vehicle.20.A) It resembles Earth in many aspects.B)It is the same as fiction has portrayed.C)It is a paradise of romance for alien life.D)It undergoes geological changes like Earth.21.A) It might have been hotter than it is today.B)It might have been a cozy habitat for life.C)It used to have more water than Earth.D)It used to be covered with rainforests.Questions 22 to 25 are baxxxxsed on the recording you have just heard.22.A) Causes of sleeplessness.B)Cross-cultural communication.C)Cultural psychology.D)Motivation and positive feelings.23.A) They attach great importance to sleep.B)They often have trouble falling asleep.C)They pay more attention to sleep efficiency.D)They generally sleep longer than East Asians.24.A) By asking people to report their sleep habits.B)By observing people’s sleep patterns in labs.C)By having people wear motion-detecting watches.D)By videotaping people’s daily sleeping processes.25.A) It has made remarkable progress in the past few decades.B)It has not yet explored the cross-cultural aspect of sleep.C)It has not yet produced anything conclusive.D)It has attached attention all over the world.。
买完人生第一套房时内心感想
买完人生第一套房时内心感想买房是现在很多人都在做的事情，这个是必须去做的，有房才有家是我们中国人的传统想法，下面这篇买完人生第一套房时内心感想一起欣赏！上个月刚入手人生中的第一套房，环沪三线小城市，最后成交价一万九一平，面积113，总价200w+。
这是我毕业工作的第一年，年薪不过10w+。
真的是举全家之力买了这套房！贷款110，外债50。
月供7000不到（正好赶上银行利率上浮30%）……身边许多人都觉得我是不是疯了，在楼市最高价时进了！没办法，谁让我就是那众多刚需中的一枚呢！！买房的主要原因有两点：一是我结婚用，家里老宅太破，即将面临拆迁，父母觉得不值得再重新装修给我做婚房。
二是照顾老人，拆迁后不能马上拿到新房，而我奶奶已经80+，如果以后租房不一定好租（一般房子都不愿租给带老人的，怕死在那），而且由于最近群租房整顿，房租价格蹭蹭上涨……所以，没办法，我只能咬牙上车了！要说买完后的感受，第一感觉是如释重负，以后我只要专心想着如何挣钱还房贷，而不用每周都去看房（看房真的很心累……）第二感觉就是莫名的喜悦，感觉自己真的成为社会人了，开始肩负家庭的责任，帮父母分忧。
第三个感觉才是压力，因为以后我的工资基本都要用来还房贷了，手头会比较紧张。
总之，买完人生第一套房后，突然觉得自己有些牛逼！很佩服自己的勇气！我买房的理念有两点：1、如果我现在能够供的起贷款，那以后肯定也没问题！毕竟工资每年都会上涨，而且未来随着通货膨胀，十年后再看这七千，就如同现在看两千的感觉。
2、买这套房就是为了给自己和父母住的，不会去炒房，所以即使房价跌了，也不会纠结。
所以，我人生中的这套房买完的感觉还是很不错的！当然，我本来就是一个乐天派，房贷的压力就当督促我赚钱的动力啦～最后还有一个小感悟就是：只有在付首付款的时候，我才觉得我这一年赚的钱是有意义的，不然，它只是银行卡里的一串数字，感受不到任何温度……而现在我们全家都很高兴，目标一致还贷款，哈哈哈！。
新中国第一套人民币
新中国第一台人民币发行原因第一套人民币是1948年12月1日由新成立的中国人民银行总行印制发行的唯一法定货币。
1948年，随着人民解放战争的顺利进行，分散的各解放区迅速连成一片，为适应形势的发展，亟需一种统一的货币替代原来种类庞杂、折算不便的各解放区货币。
为此，1948年12月1日，在河北省石家庄市成立了中国人民银行，同日开始发行统一的人民币。
当时任华北人民政府主席的董必武同志为该套人民币题写了中国人民银行行名。
1947年夏，解放战争进入我人民解放军胜利反攻阶段，人民解放军野战部队在各解放区人民群众的配合下，取得了一个个重大胜利，各解放区进一步巩固和发展，华北、西北、华东解放区逐步连成一片，各解放区之间贸易联系、物资交流日益发展。
但是各地货币不统一，货币比价不固定，成为经济发展和贸易往来的重大障碍，给野战军的机动作战带来很大困难。
因此，迫切需要改变各解放区货币版别多、种类繁杂、比价不同、相互折算不便的状况，统一各解放区货币。
1947年10月24日，中共中央华北财经办事处成立，统一领导华北区财经工作，并着手开展统一货币工作。
不久，晋察冀边区银行币停止发行，冀南银行币成为华北解放区的统一货币。
1948年1月，西北解放区停止发行陕甘宁边区银行币，西北农民银行币成为西北解放区的统一货币。
10月，山东解放区北海银行币与华北解放区货币相互流通。
11月，华北解放区统一流通北海银行币。
从此，北海银行币成为山东和华中各解放区的统一货币。
1948年底，全国各解放区除中原、东北等解放区自成独立货币体系外，华北、西北、华东三大解放区货币统一工作基本完成。
为了适应形势发展的需要，进一步统一解放区货币，经华北人民政府、山东人民政府、陕甘宁和晋绥两边区人民政府会商决定，合并华北解放区的华北银行、山东解放区的北海银行和西北解放区的西北农民银行，于1 948年12月1日在河北省石家庄市成立中国人民银行。
首任总经理南汉宸，副经理胡景云、关学文。
2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套完整版)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.D)Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.2. A) It is stable.B) It is durable.C) It is inexpensive.D) It is sophisticated.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D)It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Shrinking potato farming.B) Heavy reliance on import.C) Widespread plant disease.D) Insufficient potato supply.6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.B) It wants to expand its own farming.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.D)It is worried about unfair competition.7. A) Global warming.B) Ever-rising prices.C) Government regulation.D) Diminishing investment.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Informative.B) Inspiring.C) Dull.D) Shallow.9. A) She types on a keyboard.B) She does recording.C) She takes photos.D) She takes notes.10. A) It keeps her mind active.B) It makes her stay awake.C) It enables her to think hard.D) It helps her kill time.11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.B) It helps her better remember what she learns.C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To spend her honeymoon.B) To try authentic Indian food.C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.D) To trace the origin of a love story.13. A) In memory of a princess.B) In honor of a great emperor.C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.D) To celebrate the birth of a princess’s 14th child.14. A) It looks older than expected.B) It is built of wood and bricks.C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.D) It has walls decorated with jewels.15. A) Their streets are narrow.B) Each one has a unique character.C)They are mostly crowded.D) Life can be tedious in some places.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They help spread the latest technology.B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.C) They provide residents with the resources they need.D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.17. A) By helping them find jobs.B) By keeping them off the streets.C) By inspiring their creativity.D) By providing a place of relaxation.18.A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.C)They tended to visit libraries regularly.D) Their number increased modestly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.B) It is an unusual cross breed.C)It is the largest cat in Africa.D)It is a large-sized wild cat.20.A) They are as loyal as dogs.B)They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.C)They have unusually long tails.D)They know how to please their owners.21. A) They shake their front paws.B) They shower with them.C) They teach them to dive.D) They shout at them.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Contented and relieved.B) Anxious and depressed.C) Proud but a bit nervous.D) Excited but somewhat sad.23. A) It starts the moment they are born.B) It depends on their parents for success.C) It is gaining increasing public attention.D) It is becoming parents' biggest concern.24. A) Choose the right school for them.B) Help them to learn by themselves.C)Read books and magazines to them.D)Set a good example for them to follow.25. A) Their intelligence.B) Their home life.C) The quality of their school.D) The effort they put in learning.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious __26__ occurring in the developing world.The figures include a number of costs __27__ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes __28__ like home heating and cooking, has remained __29__ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray __30__ it as an “urgent call to action.” “One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little __31__,” he said.The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income __32__ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low- and middle-income countries live in places where they __33__ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.But the problem is not limited __34__ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel（柴油）__35__ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.A) abilityB) associatedC) consciouslyD) constantE) control F) damageG) described H) equalsI) exclusivelyJ) innovatedK) regularlyL) relatesM) sourcesN) undermineO) vehiclesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing ProgressA) Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some ideas on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”B) Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.C) Nadeau notices the pre-made macaroni （通心粉）-and-cheese boxes in Scott’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it? ” she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sur e they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”D) Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.E) Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications （药物）.By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as ‘Shop with Your Do’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There’s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.F) In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of St. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital’s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”G) In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.H)”It’s a different paradigm （范式）of how to treat disease,” says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients，nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.I) Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea s ays. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long- term disease.”J) Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet-particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.K) “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.41.One food-as-medicine program net only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted（抽取）.The team at Stanford investigatedthe aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought.It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating （脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.46. How could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?A) By building more reserves of groundwater.B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.D) By upgrading its water distribution system.47.What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.B) It was not considered worth the expense.C) It may not provide quality freshwater.D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.48.What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?A)The sinking of land surface.B) The harm to the ecosystem.C) The damage to aquifers.D) The change of the climate.49.What does the author say about deep wells?A) They run without any need for repairs.C) They are the ultimate solution to droughtsB) They are entirely free from pollutants.D)They provide a steady supply of freshwater.50.What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?A) People’s health may improve with cleaner water.B) People’s water bills may be lowered considerably.C) The cost may go up due to desalination.D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The AlphaGo program's victory is an example of how smart computers have become.But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too 抑^ 识出whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between live. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, passengers?Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings sm arter, more able and “just better human beings.”51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victory?A) Computers will prevail over human beings.B) Computers have unmatched potential.C) Computers are man’s potential rivals.D) Computers can become highly intelligent.52.What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?A) They are capable of predicting possible risks.B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching 及decision.C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.D) They sacrifice everything to save human lives.53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?A) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.54. What do we learn about Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ Taylor?A) She could not distinguish good from bad.B) She could turn herself off when necessary.C) She was not made to handle novel situations.D) She was good at performing routine tasks.55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?A) It will be far superior to human beings.B) It will keep improving as time goes by.C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人速度增长。
秦朝度量衡制度
秦朝度量衡制度
秦朝是中国历史上最具影响力的朝代之一，它的度量衡制度是影响后世的重要历史遗产。
秦朝的度量衡制度是中国第一套完整的度量衡制度，它规定了重量、长度、体积、时间等各种度量衡单位，并规定了应用这些单位的方法。
秦朝的度量衡制度可以分为重量度量衡和长度度量衡两大部分。
重量度量衡是秦朝最重要的度量衡制度，它以“斤”为基本单位，把重量分成16个等级，最小的一等是“六斤”，最大的一等是“千斤”，每一等之间的重量差别是六斤。
长度度量衡以“尺”为基本单位，把长度分成10个等级，最小的一等是“一尺”，最大的一等是“十尺”，每一等之间的长度差别是一尺。
秦朝的度量衡制度极大地推动了中国古代社会的发展，它不仅使中国古代的贸易活动得以顺利进行，而且还为中国古代社会提供了一种统一的衡量标准，促进了社会的统一。
秦朝的度量衡制度在中国历史上发挥了重要作用，它对中国古代社会发展的影响仍然存在，它的精神也一直流传至今。
2019年6月英语六级听力原文第一套完整版共6页word资料
Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A 短对话Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: What's wrong with your phone, Gary? I tried to call you all night yesterday.M: I'm sorry. No one's able to get through yesterday. My telephone was disconnected by the phone company.Q: What does the woman ask the man about?12.W: I finally found a really nice apartment that's within my price range.M: Congratulations! Affordable housing is rare in this city. I've been looking for a suitable place since I got here six months ago.Q: What does the man mean?13.M: I got this in my mailbox today, but I don't know what it is. Do you have any idea?W: Oh, that's your number for the new photocopier. It acquires an access code. Everyone got one.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: Jane told me that you'll be leaving at soon. Is it true?M: Yeah, my wife's maternity leave is close to an end. And since she wants to go back to work, I've decided to take a year off to raise the baby.Q: What does the man mean?15M: We'll never find a parking space here. What about dropping you at thesouth gate and I'll find parking somewhere else. W: Well, OK. It looks like everyone in town came to the mall today.Q: What does the woman mean?16W: When will the computers be back online?M: Probably not until tomorrow. The problem is more complicated than I thought.Q: What does the man mean?17M: Did you catch Professor Smith on TV last night?W: I almost missed it, but my mother just happened to be watching at home and gave me a call.Q: What does the woman imply?18M: May I get this prescription refilled?W: I'm sorry, sir, but we can't give you a refill on that. You'll have to get a new prescription.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?W: Well, it’s the South Theater Company. They want to know if we’d be interested in sponsoring a tour they want to make to East Asia.M: East Asia? uhh… and how much are they hoping to get from us?W: Well, the letter mentions 20,000 pounds, but I don’t know if they might settle for us.M: Do they say what they would cover? Have they anything specific in mind?W: No, I think they are just asking all the firms in tongue for as much money as they think they’ll give.M: And we are worth 20, 000 pounds, right?W: It seems so.M: Very flattering. But I am not awfully happy with the idea. What we get out of it?W: Oh, good publicity I suppose. So what I suggest is not that we just give them a sum of money, but that we offer to pay for something specific like travel or something, and that in return, we ask for our name to be printed prominently in the program, and that they give us free advertising space in it.M: But the travel bill would be enormous, and we could never manage that.W: I know. But why don’t we offer to pay for the printing of the programs ourselves on condition t hat on the front cover there's something like This program is presented with the compliments of Norland Electronics, and free advertising of course.M: Good idea. Well, let’s get back to them and ask what the program they want will cost. Then we can see if we are interested or not.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the South Theater Company?20. What benefit does the woman say their firm can get by sponsoring the Theater Company?21. What does the woman suggest they do instead of paying the South Theater Company’s travel expenses?Conversation TwoW: Rock stars now face a new hazard --- voice abuse. After last week's announcement that Phil Collins might give up touring because live concerts are ruining his voice, doctors are counseling stars about the dos and don'ts of voice care. Here in the studio today, we have Mr. Paul Phillips, an expert from the High Field Hospital. Paul, what advice would you give to singers facing voice problems?M: If pop singers have got voice problems, they really need to be more selective about where they work. They shouldn't work in smoky atmospheres. They also need to think about resting their voices after a show. Something else they need to be careful about is medicines. Aspirin, for example, singers should avoid aspirin. It thins the blood. And if a singer coughs, this can result in the bruising of the vocal cords.W: And is it true that some singers use drugs before concerts to boost their voices when they have voice problems? M: Yes, this does happen on occasion. They are easily-available on the continent and they are useful if a singer has problems with his vocal cords and has to sing that night. But if they are taken regularly, they cause a thinning of the voice muscle. Most pop singers suffer from three things: lack of training, overuse and abuse of the voice, especially when they are young. They have difficult lives. When they go on tour, they do a vast number of concerts, singing in smoky places.W: So, what would you advise the singers to do?M: Warm you voice up before a show and warm it down after.Questions 22-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. What does last week's announcement say about rock star, Phil Collins?23. What does Paul Philips say about aspirin?24. What does Paul Philips say about young pop singers?25. What are the speakers mainly talking about?Would you trust a robot to park your car? The question will confront New Yorkers in February as the city's first robotic parking opens in Chinatown.The technology has been successfully applied overseas, but the only other public robotic garage in the United States has been troublesome, dropping vehicles and trapping cars because of technical problems.Nonetheless, the developers of the Chinatown garage are confident with the technology and are counting on it to squeeze 67 cars in an apartment-building basement that would otherwise fit only 24, accomplished by removing a maneuver space normally required.A human-shaped robot won't be stepping into your car to drive it. Rather, the garage itself does the parking. The driver stops the car on a flat platform and gets out. The platform is lowered into the garage, and it is then transported to a vacant parking space by a computer-controlled device similar to an elevator that also runs sideways.There is no human supervision, but an attendant will be on hand to accept cash and explain the system to newly users. Parking rates will be attracted about $400 monthly or $25 per day, according to Ari Milstein, the director of planning for Automation Parking Systems, which is the U.S. subsidiary of a German company. This company has built automated garages in several countries overseas and in the United States for residents of a Washington, D.C. apartment building.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about the robot parking in the U.S. so far?27. What advantage does robotic parking have according to the developers?28. What does the attendant do in the automated garage?29. What does the company say about the parking rate?Passage 2A recent study shows that meat consumption is one of the main ways that human can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicles. So how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all animals, such as cows, pigs and sheep, always gas limed methane, which is the second most common green house gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that methane is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane that released into the atmosphere coming from farm animals. Another way in which meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef. While 20 gallons of water are need to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland use to for raising cows can produce 250 pounds of beef. One acre of farmland use to for crop production can produce 1,500 pounds of tomatoes. Many people now say the benefits of switching to vegetarian diet which excludes meat and fish. Not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting theenvironment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian diet. They believe such a diet which includes no products from animal sources can be deficient in many of the necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need. Today many people have come to realize that help the environment and for the human race to survive, more of us will need to become vegetarian.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you've just heard.30. What does the recent study show?31. What do some nutritionists say about the strict vegetarian diet?32. What does the speaker think more people need to do?Passage 3Alcoholism is a serious disease. Nearly nine million Americans alone suffer from the illness. Many scientists disagree about what the differences are between the alcohol addict and social drinker. The difference occurs when someone needs to drink. And this need gets in the way of his health or behavior. Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness. After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. The illness is dangerous, because it is involved in half of all automobile accidents. Another problem is that the victim often denies being an alcohol addict and won’t get help. Solutions do exist. Many hospitals and centers help patients cop e. Without the assistance, the victim can destroy his life. He would detach himself from the routines of life. He may lose his employment, home or loved ones.All the causes of the sickness are not discovered yet. There is no standard for a person with alcoholism. Victims range in age, race, sex and background. Some groups of people are more vulnerable to the illness. People from broken homes and North American Indians are two examples. People from broken homes often lack stable lives. Indians likewise had the traditional life taken from them by white settlers who often encourage them to consume alcohol to prevent them from fighting back. The problem has now been passed on. Alcoholism is clearly present in society today. People have started to get help and information. With proper assistance, victims can put their lives together one day.Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33. What is the problem of the victims about alcoholism according to the speaker?Q34. Why did white settlers introduce alcohol to Indians?Q35. What does the speaker seem to believe about those affected by alcoholism?Self-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are. Included in your self-image are the categories in which you place yourself, the roles you play and other similar descriptors you use to identify yourself. If you tell an acquaintance you are a grandfather who recently lost his wife and who does volunteer work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are bought to light — the roles of grandparent, widower and conscientious citizen.But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback from others are indicative of how they see us: conformation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Conformation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are.You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with yourself definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his first election. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise— Their vote was inconsistent with his self-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail torespond to your notion of self by responding neutrally. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks. Rather than relying on how others classify you, consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify yourself is the best refection of yourself-image.附:参考答案11. Why she could not get through to him12. He has difficulty finding affordable housing13. A code number is necessary to run the copy machine14. He will stop work to take care of the baby15. The shopping center is flooded with people16. It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net17. She did see Prof. Smith on TV18. The man has to go to see his doctor again19. It is planning to tour East Asia20. A lot of good publicity21. Pay for the printing of the performance programme22. He might give up concert tours23. It can do harm to singer’s voice chords24. Many lack professional training25. Voice problems among pop singers26. It has not been very successful27. It increases parking capacity28. Collect money and help new users29. They will be discountable to regular customers30. Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment31. It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health32. Quit eating meats33. They do not admit being alcohol addicts34. To stop them from fighting back35. With support they can be brought back to a normal life36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks。
中华人民共和国全套人民币图样大全(1-5套)
中华人民共和国全套人民币图样大全(1-5套) 第一套人民币（12枚） 1948年，随着人民解放战争的顺利进行，分散的各解放区迅速连成一片，为适应形势的发展，亟需一种统一的货币替代原来种类庞杂、折算不便的各解放区货币。
为此，1948年12月1日，在河北省石家庄市成立中国人民银行，同日开始发行统一的人民币。
至1951年底，人民币成为中国唯一合法货币，在除台湾、西藏以外的全国范围流通。
为了改变第一套人民币面额过大等不足，提高印制质量，进一步健全我国货币制度，中国人民银行自1955年3月1日起发行第二套人民币，收回第一套人民币。
第二套人民币和第一套人民币折合比率为：1元等于1万元。
第二套人民币（16枚）第二套人民币成为国第一套完整、精致的货币，对健全我国货币制度，促进社会主义经济建设发挥了重要作用。
第三套人民币（13枚） 为了促进工农业生产发展和商品流通，方便群众使用，中国人民银行于1962年4月20日开始发行第三套人民币。
第三套人民币和第二套人民币比价为1:1，并在市场上混合流通。
第四套人民币（11枚） 为了适应经济发展的需要，进一步健全我国的货币制度，方便流通使用和交易核算，中国人民银行自1987年4月27日起，采取“一次公布，分次发行”的办法，陆续发行第四套人民币。
53年挺版的10元人民币，近日已被炒到20多万；第四套人民币中的50元，市价也翻了一番……近日记者走访宜昌收藏市场了解到，当前，人民币的第一、二、三、四套藏品均出现不同幅度增值。
其实，要想让手里的钱生钱，除了把钱存银行、投资股市或者买房子等待升值，直接把人民币攥在手里也可以令它升值。
. 现行流通的第五套人民币是1999年10月1日一次公布、陆续发行的，各面额纸币年版号均为“1999年”。
因此，通常称为1999年版第五套人民币。
与第四套人民币相比，第五套人民币的防伪技能由十几种增加到二十多种，主景人像、水印、面额数字均较以前放大，便于群众识别。
大学英语B模拟题完形填空
完形填空第一套Last night, a fire broke out in Ann’s house in Manchester.Ann’s 21were out of town for the weekend when something wrong in the room caused the fire to start in the middle of the night. The 22 was waken up by the family dog, Danny, who was barking loudly in the back garden. Ann smelled something 23. She 24 and 25ran through the smoke filled house to wake her old brother, Frank. When Frank would not wake up, Ann got some help from the dog. Frank’s unconscious body was far too 26for the little girl to move alone, but the 27 girl brought the dog 28and tied the dog’s lend (牵狗的皮带) to Frank' s left ankle. She then held her brother’s right ankle, and together the girl and the dog 29 Frank to safety. The 10 year old girl, Ann, 30 her big brother from death.21, A parents 22 C girl 23 D burning 24 C got up 25 A at once 26 D heavy27 C clever 28 C back 29 B pulled 30 D saved完形填空第二套Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found 21 the look of the package has a great effect22 the "quality" of the product and on how well it 23 because consumers generally cannot 24 betweena product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products, “as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers' feeling for packaging, noticed.”Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human 25 quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word "green" today can keep food prices 2627 are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are 28 to both the eye and the heart. That's 29 the round yellow M signs of McDonald’s are inviting to both young and old. This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people 30 to satisfy both body and soul.21, A that 22 D on 23 B sells 24 C tell 25 A attention 26 C going up 27 B Shapes 28 B pleasing 29 D why 30 C buy完形填空第三套Paris, which is the capital of the European nation of France, is one of the most beautiful and 21 cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What stylish women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women 22 the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO ( 联合国教科文组织)The Seine River（塞纳河）23 the city into two parts. Thirty two bridges 24this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, 25was built in the sixteen century. The Sorbonne （索邦大学）, a famous university, 26 on the Left Bank of the river.There are many other famous places in Paris, 27 the famous museum the Louver （卢浮宫) as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame（巴黎圣母院. However, the most famous landmark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower（埃菲尔铁塔).Paris is named 28 a group of people called the Parisii. They 29 a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lie de la Cite, is 30 Notre Dame is Located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.21, B most famous 22 A all over 23 A divides 24 C cross 25 D which26 C is located 27 B such as 28 C after 29 B built 30 C where完形填空第四套Nowadays most people decide quite early what kind of work they would do. When I was at school, we had to choose __21____when we were fifteen. I chose scientific subjects. I tried to learn physics and chemistry, but in the end I decided that I would __22____be a scientist. So I began to 23 for a job.I talked about it with my friends Frank and Lesley. __24____of them could suggest anything, ___25__they promised that they would ask their friends. A few days later while I was still in bed, someone telephon ed. “Is that Miss Jenkins” a man’s voice asked, “I hear your hobby is photography and I’ve got a job that might interest you in my clothes factory. My name is Mr. Thomson.” He seemed __26____on the phone, so I went to see him.I arrived _27____early and when Mr. Thomson came he asked me if I __28____waiting a long time. “No, not long.” I replied. 29 talking to me for about twenty minutes he offered me a job-----not 30____a photographer though, being a model.21, A. what to study 22. A. never 23. B look 24. A.Neither 25. C. but 26. D. pleasant27. A. there 28. D. had been 29. B after 30. A. as完型填空第五套Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found 21 the look of the package has a great effect __22 the "quality" of the product and on how well it 23 because "Consumers generally cannot 24 between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products, " as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers' feeling for packaging noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human 25 quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word "green" today can keep food prices 26 . 27 areanother attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are 28 to both the eye and the heart. That' s 29 the round yellow M signs of McDonald' s are inviting to both young and old.This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people __30 to satisfy both body and soul.21.A. that 22. D. On 23. B. sells 24. C. tell 25. A. attention 26. C. going up27. B. shapes 28. B. pleasing 29. D. Why 30. C. buy完型填空第六套Last night, a fire broke out in Ann' s house in Manchester.Ann' s 21 were out of town for the weekend when something wrong in the room caused the fire to start in the middle of the night. The 22 was waken up by the family dog, Danny, who was barking loudly in the back garden. Ann smelled something 23 . She 24 and 25 ran through the smoke-filled house to wake her old brother, Frank.When Frank would not wake up, Ann got some help from the dog. Frank' s unconscious body was far too 26for the little girl to move alone, but the 27 girl brought the dog 28 and tied the dog' s lend to Frank' s left ankle. She then held her brother’s rig ht ankle, and together the girl and the dog 29 Frank to safety. The 10 year-old girl, Ann, 30 her big brother from death.21. A. parents 22. C. girl 23. D. Burning 24. C. get up 25. A. at once 26. D. heavy27.C. clever 28. A. inside 29. B. pulled 30. D. saved完型填空第七套Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found 21 the look of the package has a great effect __22 the "quality" of the product and on how well it 23 because "Consumers generally cannot 24 between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products, " as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers' feeling for packaging noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human 25 quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word "green" today can keep food prices 26 . 27 are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are 28 to both the eye and the heart. That' s 29 the round yellow M signs of McDonald' s are inviting to both young and old.This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people __30 to satisfy both body and soul.21. A. that 22. D. On 23. B. sells 24. C. tell 25. A. attention 26. C. going up 27. B. shapes 28. B. pleasing 29. D. Why 30. C. buy完形填空第八套Paris, which is the capital of the European nation of France, is one of the most beautiful and 21_______cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What stylish women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women 22________the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO ( 联合国教科文组织)The Seine River（塞纳河）23________the city into two parts. Thirty two bridges 24________this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, 25________was built in the sixteen century. The Sorbonne （索邦大学）, a famous university, 26________on the Left Bank of the river.There are many other famous places in Paris, 27 ________the famous museum the Louvre （卢浮宫) as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame （巴黎圣母院. However, the most famous landmark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower（埃菲尔铁塔).Paris is named 28________a group of people called the Parisii. They 29________a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lie de la Cite, is 30________Notre Dame is Located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.21. B. most famous 22. A. all over 23. A. divides 24. C. cross 25. D. which26. C. is located 27. B. such as 28. C. after 29. B. built 30. C. where完形填空第九套Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found 21______the look of the package has a great effect22______the "quality" of the product and on how well it 23 ______because "Consumers generally cannot 24______between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products, "as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers' feeling for packaging, noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human25______quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word "green" today can keep food prices 26______.27______are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are 28______to both the eye and the heart. That' s 29______the round yellow M signs of McDonald' s are inviting to both young and old. This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people 30______to satisfy both body and soul.21. A. that 22. D. on23. A. buys B. sells C. offers D. works24. A. show B. display C. tell D. differ25 .A. attention B. eye C. presence D. perception26. A. to go up B. to go down C. going up D. going down27. A. Packages B. Shapes C. Tools D. Products28. A. pleasantly B. pleasing C. pleased D. pleasure29. A. how B. because C. where D. why30. A. sell B. make C. buy D. produce完形填空The first invention of mankind was the wheel．Although no wheel form is found in 21 ，undoubtedly the earliest “wheels”were smooth 22 which were used for moving weights over the earth's 23 ．No one recorded who he was or when it happened，but when the“first inventor”placed a wheel on an axle（轴），mankind began to 24 from one place to another．Records of this 25 of wheel have been found dating back to 2,000 B．C．and earlier Chinese civilization（文明）are believed with separate invention of the same kind．The wheel so fascinated（迷住）the 26 of man that 27 has spent centuries building machines around it；yet in over 4，000years he has not changed 28 basic design．All about us we see the spinning shafts，gears（齿轮），flywheels，which are the descendents（后代）of the first 29 ．It is hard to conceive（设想）of continuous 30 without the wheel．21．A．the earth B．nature C．the world D．the century22．A．logs B．iron C．steel D．copper23．A．ground B．cover C．surface D．planet24．A．move B．travel C．tour D．roll25．A．types B．kind C．sorts D．forms22．A．spirit B．idea C．mind D．thought27．A．people B．he C．they D．it28．A．his B．their C．its D．the29．A．car B．wheel C．invention D．invent30．A．movement B．travel C．journey D．motion。
(完整版)第一套至第五套人民币图片大全
全套人民币图样大全第一套人民币图样100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案100元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案10元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案10元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案10元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第一套人民币正面图案反面图案第二套人民币图样！10元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案3元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案2元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第二套人民币正面图案反面图案5角第二套人民币正面图案反面图案2角第二套人民币正面图案反面图案1角第二套人民币正面图案反面图案5分第二套人民币正面图案反面图案2分第二套人民币正面图案反面图案1分第二套人民币正面图案反面图案第二套人民币图（主币）[第二套人民币图（辅币）第三套人民币图样10元第三套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第三套人民币正面图案反面图案2元第三套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第三套人民币正面图案反面图案5角第三套人民币正面图案反面图案2角第三套人民币正面图案反面图案1角第三套人民币正面图案反面图案第四套人民币图样100元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案10元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案2元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第四套人民币正面图案反面图案5角第四套人民币正面图案反面图案2角第四套人民币正面图案反面图案1角第四套人民币正面图案反面图案第五套人民币图样100元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案50元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案20元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案10元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案5元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案1元第五套人民币正面图案反面图案。
Cadence推出第一套完整支持CPF的解决方案
Cadence推出第一套完整支持CPF的解决方案Cadence 推出了CadenceLow-PowerSolution，这是用于低功耗芯片的逻辑设计、验证和实现的业界第一套完全集成的、标准化的流程。
CadenceLow-PowerSolution 将领先的设计、验证和实现技术与Si2CommonPowerFormat（CPF）相集成，为IC 工程师提供端到端的低功耗设计方案。
CPF 是在设计过程初期详细定义节约功耗技术的标准化格式。
通过在整个设计过程中保存低功耗设计意图，该解决方案避免了费力的人工操作，大大降低了与功耗相关的芯片故障，并在设计过程初期提供功耗的可预测性。
随着节能器件需求的增加，低功耗设计技术正在成为主流。
例如，便携应用设备需要较长的电池使用时间，这就使得合适的功耗节约成为必然。
高度集成、高性能的90 纳米以下芯片对热量管理提出了挑战，而这就要求整个芯片的功率优化。
而大型终端产品应用如服务器群组的所有层面都需要功率优化，以降低整体能量消耗。
此外，与封装相关的成本考虑也推动着设计师采用低功耗设计。
为了满足这些不同的需求，设计师正越来越多地采用高级低功耗设计方式，例如电源关断（PSO）、多供应电压（MSV）以及状态保留功率闸（SRPG）。
然而这些技术的EDA 支持是支离破碎的，不同的工具需要不同的方式来表示低功耗意图。
结果，设计师不得不通过一系列的特殊手段定义低功耗功能，例如在同一个设计中多次人工地输入功耗数据。
这个过程不仅枯燥而且很容易出错，更重要的是，它使得设计的可预测性和验证变得极其困难。
全新的CadenceLow-PowerSolution 通过在CPF 规范中建立一个设计功耗意图的单一的表示法解决了这一困难，促进了IP 复用和RTL 轻便性。
这种表现法跨越了逻辑设计师、验证工程师和实现工程师所使用的CadenceLogicDesignTeamSolution 和DigitalImplementation 解决方案，包括计划。
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第一套题一、选择题【A 型题］每题1分，共40分。
1．周围性眩晕一般不伴有（）A．听力下降 B．耳鸣 C．水平眼震 D．意识丧失E．面色苍白、出汗、恶心、呕吐2．听力测试中最常用的声刺激是（）A．短声 B．自噪声 C．窄带噪声 D．纯音 E．短音3.您在日常医疗活动过程中产生的感染性废物、病理性废物，应当投入以下那种颜色垃圾袋中：（）A.黑色垃圾袋B.黄色垃圾袋C.红色垃圾袋D.以上都可投4.早期休克的主要体征是：（）A.昏迷B.末梢发绀C.心率增快D.血压下降5.尿量在多少以上即说明休克已纠正：（）A.20ml/hB.30ml/hC.40ml/hD.50ml/h6.按新农合医疗政策，下列可以报销的医疗项目是：（）A.CT检查B.心脏及血管造影X线机C.彩色多普勒仪D.全套化验检查7.开具处方时，剂量单位除什么外，其他都不能省略？（）A.gB.mgC.ngD.ml8、尿中出现何种管型对诊断肾盂肾炎有帮助（）A.红细胞管型B.上皮细胞管型C.白细胞管D.颗粒管型E.混合管型9.为门（急）诊癌症疼痛患者和中、重度慢性疼痛患者开具的麻醉药品、第一类精神药品注射剂，每张处方不得超过几日常用量？（）A.3日B.4日C.7日D.14日10.关于临床输血，应记入病历的有以下几项，哪项除外？（）A.《输血治疗同意书》B.输血报告单C.输血情况记录D.无输血反应的《输血不良反应单》11．血浆凝血酶原时间延长见于下列哪种因子缺乏（）A．VIII因子 B．IX因子 C．XI 因子 D．V 因子 E．XII因子12.医疗机构应当对出现超常处方几次以上且无正当理由的医师提出警告，限制其处方权？( )A.1次B.2次C.3次D.4次13.限制处方权后，仍连续几次以上出现超常处方且无正当理由的，取消其处方权？（）A.1次B.2次C.3次D.4次14、下述哪项最能反映门脉高压的特征（）A.脾脏肿大B.腹水形成C.食管静脉曲张D.腹壁静脉曲张E.痔核形成15.第三代头孢菌素中抗铜绿假单胞菌活性最强的是：（）A.头孢地嗪B.头孢他定C.头孢吡肟D.头孢哌酮16．腰椎间盘突出症的体征有（）A、代偿性腰椎侧突B、病变间隙棘突间压痛C、拾物实验阳性 D、直腿抬高实验及加强实验阳性 E、下肢感觉、下肢肌力及下肢反射异常17.医务人员在医疗活动中发生或者发现医疗事故、可能引起医疗事故的医疗过失行为或者发生医疗事故争议时，应该：（）A.立即抢救病人B.立即向上级医师报告C.向所在科室负责人报告D.立即向医教科或护理部报告18、结节性多动脉炎与系统性红斑狼疮，下列哪一项最具有鉴别诊断价值的是（）A.关节痛B.肾脏损害C.ANA阳性D.ANA细胞计数增加，嗜酸性粒细胞增加，血小板增加 E.皮肤红斑19.按照社会危害程度.影响范围等因素，自然灾害.事故灾难.公共卫生事件等分为哪四级：（）Ａ.特别重大、重大、较大和一般 B.特大、重大、较大和较小C.重、中、轻和一般D.１级、２级、３级和４级20.需要患者签署手术同意书的主要目的是：（）A.告知患者疾病情况B.告知患者手术过程C.告知患者手术风险D.告知患者手术难度21、下列哪项不是糖皮质激素使用的绝对禁忌证（）A.青光眼B.重度高血压C.活动性肺结核D.骨质疏松E.怀孕Ⅲ22、纠正呼吸性酸中毒，最主要的措施是（）A输碱性溶液，使PH值恢复正常 B.纠正电解质紊乱 C.改善通气 D.使用脱水剂减轻脑水肿 E.以上都不是23、甲状腺功能亢进症用抗甲状腺药物治疗后的停药指标中以哪项最好（）A.血清总T3总T4B.血浆TSH水平C.血浆TRAb测定D.THR兴奋试验 E.T3抑制试验24、结缔组织疾病中，最易引起肾脏损害的是（）A.系统性红斑狼疮B.系统性进行性硬化症C.皮肌炎D.结节性多动脉炎 E.干燥综合症25、下列结缔组织病中，最易并发恶性肿瘤的是（）A.系统性红斑狼疮B.皮肌炎C.系统性进行性硬化症D.韦格内氏肉芽肿 E.类风湿性关节炎26.开放性气胸的现场急救为（）A、给氧、补液B、做胸穿抽气C、清创术 D立即用清洁物品填塞伤口E、镇静、止痛27.64岁男性患者，上班时突起持续剧烈左胸痛2小时．心电图示V1 ~5T波明显变为高尖，心室率11 0次／分．室性期前收缩7次／分．为安全起见将患者转送至某医院急救．以下哪项措旌最为重要（）：A. 静滴硝酸甘油B. 肌内注射哌替啶C. 静注利多卡因继以持续滴注D. 吸氧E. 滴注极化液28再生障碍性贫血与阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿最主要的鉴别点是（）A．前者有全血细胞减少，后者无 B．前者有血小板减少，后者无C．前者骨髓增生低下，后者无 D．后者Ham 试验阳性不是E．以上都29. 男性．22岁．血压l 9/12kPa．大量尿蛋白，血浆清蛋白25g/L，下列何种疾病可能性大：（）A．隐匿性肾炎 B．高血压肾小动脉硬化 C．急性肾炎 D．肾病综合征 E. 慢性肾炎30.高血压心脏病患者．突发呼吸困难，咳吐粉红色泡沫痰，血压为24.0／ 16.0kPa(180/120mrnHg)，以下哪种药物可作为首选治疗用药（）A. 利血平B. 硫甲阿脯酸C. 哌唑嗪D. 硝普钠E. 尼群地平31．重度至危重度哮喘患者，痰液粘稠咳不出来，最有效的祛痰方法是（）A．抽吸痰液 B．使用抗生素 C．用综色合剂或氯化钱 D．输液纠正失水 E．纠正酸中毒32．患者近3个月夜间频发胸骨后疼痛，24小时动态心电图示发作时胸导联ST段上移，下列哪种药物最为恰当（）A．西地兰 B．心得安 C．潘生丁 D．异搏定E．强痛定33．某窦性心动过缓患者近年晕厥3次，可选用下列哪项最安全而简便的方法协助诊断（）A．动态心电图 B．阿托品心电图试验 C．窦房传导时间测定D．希氏束心电图 E．窦房结恢复时间测定34．以下哪项检查为发现心肌缺血、诊断心绞痛最常用而简便的方法（）A．心电图 B．心尖搏动图 C．心脏B超 D冠状动脉造影E．放射性核素心肌显像35．抬举性心尖搏动最常见于（）A．肺源性心脏病 B．心肌炎 C．右心室肥大 D．高原性心脏病 E．心包积液36．慢性弥漫性阻塞性肺气肿最主要的症状是（）A．咳嗽B．咳痰 C．逐渐加重的呼吸困难 D．心悸E．咯血37．下列甲状腺功能试验哪项受雌激素影响（）A甲状腺摄131I率 B．总T3、总T4 C．TSHD．游离T3、T4 E．T3抑制试验38．糖尿病饮食治疗不包括哪项（）A．总热卡的确定 B．营养成分的搭配 C．三餐热量分配D．微量元素的分配 E．忌食单糖类食品39再生障碍性贫血与阵发性睡眼性血红蛋白尿以下哪项可次鉴别（）A．全血细胞计数 B．血小板计数 C．白细胞计数D．Hb测定 E．ham试验40．血浆凝血酶原时间延长见于下列情况，但除外（）A．肝硬化 B．维生素K缺乏 C．阻塞性黄疸 D．用肝素后E．用华法林后[B型题]每题1分，共6分A.过敏性紫癜B.单纯性紫癜C.血友病D.原发性血小板减少性紫癜 E.血栓性血小板减少性紫癜41、皮肤散在瘀点和紫斑，无粘膜和内脏出血（）42、紫癜伴腹痛.关节痛和肾脏病变（）43、深部血肿，关节腔积血和迟发出血（）44、微血管病性溶血（）A.周围血片上有幼粒细胞B.巨脾C.两者均有D.两者均无45、骨髓纤维化症（）46、脾功能亢进（）【C型题】每题1分，共4分.A．PaO2<60mmHg(7.89kPa)B．PaO2>50mmHg(6.65kPa) C．两者均有 D．两者均无47．I型呼吸衰竭可出现（）48．Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭可出现（）问题33—35A．劳累性呼吸困难 B．心电图ST-T改变C．两者均有 D．两者均无49．早期冠心病可出现（）50．早期高血压可出现（）[X型题]每题3分，共15分。
51 口对口人工呼吸的正确操作方法（）Ａ、使病人头后仰，托起下颌Ｂ、术者深吸一口气，对准病人口部用力吹入Ｃ、每分钟吹气6--8次/分Ｄ、仅一人进行复苏时，每做心脏按压15次大力吹气两口，交替进行52．小肠梗阻最易产生（）A．呼吸性酸中毒 B．代谢性酸中毒 C．呼吸性碱中毒D．代谢性碱中毒 E．严重失水53．影响肌肉松弛药的药动学因素包括（）A．水、电解质和酸碱平衡 B．低温 C．年龄 D．假性胆碱酯酶异常 E．神经肌肉疾病54．根据侵犯部位不同，念珠菌病可分为以下几种类型（） A．肺念珠菌病 B．内脏念珠菌病 C．皮肤念珠菌病D．肠道念珠菌病 E．黏膜念珠菌病55．糖皮质激素（）A．有抗炎、抗过敏、免疫抑制、抗毒及抗休克等作用B．可用于重症药疹、急性荨麻疹及系统性红斑狼疮等C．长期使用可有许多副作用 D．皮损内注射可治疗某些皮肤病E．外用制剂长期使用亦不会发生副作用二、是非题每题1.5分，共15分。
56．精神病患者应禁用氯胺酮复合麻醉。
（）57．喉癌主要采用放射治疗。
（）58.患者死亡，医患双方当事人不能确定死因或者对死因有异议的，应当在患者死亡后48小时内进行尸检。
（）59．预激综合征突发阵发性室上性心动过速，可选毛花苷C或普萘洛尔静脉缓慢注射。
（）60．社区获得性肺炎又称院外感染肺炎。
（）61．胃复安是α多巴胺拮抗药。
（）62．口服避孕药对甲状腺摄碘率无影响。
（）63．新生儿出生后24小时应立即接种乙型肝炎疫苗全程免疫（）64．厌氧菌所致败血症首选头孢类抗生素。
（）65．用多巴胺静脉滴注治疗心力衰竭，如剂量太大可能出现室性期前收缩。
（）三、填空题每题2分，共20分。
66．成人骨髓穿刺一般选________为穿刺点，2岁以下婴幼儿通常选_________为穿刺点67.五脏是指：_________、__________、_________、__________、__________。
68.六腑是指_________、__________、_________、_________、__________、__________。
69．血钾浓度低于__________mmol/L称为低钾血症。
其产生原因有_________、__________、__________。
70．心肌梗死的心电图特征性改变为__________、__________、__________。
71．大肠杆菌败血症首选的抗生素为________、________。
72．成人胃管插入深度一般为________cm。
73．脓肿切开排脓的主要目的是________。
74．股静脉穿刺点位于靠近________内侧________cm处。
75．静脉切开一般输液导管可保留________天，硅胶管可保留________天左右。
1-10 DEBCB DACAD11 DCBCB CCDAC21CCCAB DCDDD31DDBAD CBDEB41-46BACECB 47-50 ACBD51AC 52BE 53ABCDE 54 BCE 55ABCD56-65+_+_++_+_+65．髂前上棘胫骨粗隆前下方66心、肝、脾、肺、肾67胆、胃、小肠、大肠、膀胱、三焦68 钾摄入减少排钾增多细胞外钾向细胞内转移69．病理性Q波 ST段弓背向上 T波倒臵70．氨基苷类头孢菌素类71．45-5572．防止炎症扩散和促进炎症消退73．股动脉 0.574．3—5 10。