托福分类词汇
托福口语分类词汇_必备
1地理GEOGRAPHYledge暗礁remote-sensing遥感的terrain地域geography地理terrestrial地球的，陆地的geographer地理学家terrestrialheat(geothermal)地热hemisphere半球terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)meridian子午线，经线地磁parallel平行圈，纬线subterranean(underground)地底下latitude经度evaporation蒸发longitude纬度salinity含盐度elevation海拔sediment沉淀物，沉积物altitude高度tropics热带地区horizon地平线tropical热带的equator赤道temperate温带的Arctic北极temperatelatitudes温带地区Antarctic(Antarctica)南极frigid寒带的expedition探险frostheaving冻胀现象navigation航海topography地形，地形学continent大陆2地质continentalshelf大陆架geology地质学continentaldrift大陆漂移说geologist地质学家plain平原crust地壳plateau(highland)高地mantle地幔lowland低地core地核basin盆地continentalcrust大陆地壳cavern(cave)洞穴oceaniccrust海洋地壳oasis（沙漠）绿洲layer(stratum,复strata)地层cleft(flaw)裂缝plate板块crevice(rift;slit)裂缝fault断层summit山顶faultplane断层面range（山）脉faultzone断层带valley峡谷rift(crack;split)断裂gorge峡谷fossil化石canyon峡谷petrify石化，硬化channel(strait)海峡igneousrock火成岩marine（maritime;oceanic）海的sedimentaryrock沉积岩tide潮汐ebb(away)退潮metamorphicrock变质岩sea-floorspreading海床扩展quartz石英oceanbottom海床limestone石灰岩coastland沿海地区marble大理石contour轮廓；海岸线granite花岗岩continentalisland大陆岛lithogenous岩成的volcanicisland火山岛lithosphere岩石圈coralisland珊瑚岛mineral矿物aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星aluminum铝vacuum真空tin锡cosmos(universe)宇宙lead铅cosmology宇宙学zinc锌cosmic（universal）宇宙的nickel镍cosmicradiation宇宙辐射mercury汞，水银radiation辐射sodium钠emission发射，散发fieldstone卵石cosmicrays宇宙射线gem宝石infraredray红外线diamond钻石celestial天的天体的emerald绿宝石celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体ruby红宝石celestialmap/skyatlas天体图crystal水晶celestialsphere天球glacier冰川space空间glacial冰川的planeroid位面glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期constellation星座glacialdrift冰渍cluster星团iceberg冰山nebula星云volcano火山galaxy星系，银河activevolcano活火山intergalactic星系间的extinctvolcano死火山MilkyWay银河系dormantvolcano休眠火山dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星eruption火山喷发quasar类星体，类星射电源crater火山口star恒星lava(magma)火山岩浆stellar恒星的magma岩浆interstellar恒星间的volcanic火山的solarsystem太阳系volcanicdust火山尘solarradiation太阳辐射volcanicash火山灰solarcorona日冕earthquake(quake;tremor;chromosphere色球seism)地震photosphere光球seismic地震的convectionzone对流层seismology地震学radiativezone辐射层magnitude震级thermonuclearenergycoreseismicwave地震波solareclipse日食cataclysm灾变planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星3天文interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星ASTRONOMY天文学lunar月球的astronomy天文学meteor流星astronomical天文的巨大的meteorshower流星雨astronomicalobservatory天文台meteoroid流星体astronomer天文学家meteorite陨石astrophysics天文物理学chondrite球粒状陨石astrology占星学comet彗星。
托福词汇
sediment 沉淀物，沉积物
tropical 热带的
temperate 温带的
frigid 寒带的
formation 形成
frost heaving 冻胀现象
fieldstone 卵石
新托福分类词汇|新托福分类词汇下载
3 geology 地质学
originate 起源于
ancestor 祖先
hominid 人（科）
homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的
tribe 部落
clan 氏族
archeologist 考古学家
excavation 挖掘
excavate (unearth) 挖掘
ruins 遗迹，废墟
meteor 流星
meteor shower 流星雨
meteoroid 流星体
meteorite 陨石
comet 彗星
space (outer space) 太空，外层空间
spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船
spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员
condense 浓缩
crystal 水晶体
downpour (torrential rain) 大雨
tempest (storm) 暴风雨
drizzle 细雨
shower 阵雨
hail 冰雹
blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪
avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩
equator 赤道
tropics 热带地区
Arctic 北极
托福分类词汇表(共17类863个常用单词)
托福分类词汇表(共17类863个常用单词)TOEFL Vocabulary List by Category (Total 17 Categories。
863 Common Words)Category 1: Psychology1.Mental - related to the mind2.Physical - related to the body。
material。
or physics3.Spiritual - related to the soul or spirit4.Conformity - the act of following the majority5.Majority - the larger group6.Minority - the smaller group7.XXX - XXX8.Subject - the object of study in an experiment9.Psychology - the study of the mind and rXXX - XXX XXX11.Mental Process - mental activity or cognitive process12.Mental State - mental n or mood13.Mental Activity - mental n or processness - awareness or XXX15.Internal Activity - mental activity within the mind16.General Psychology - the study of basic psychological principles17.XXX - the study of XXX18.ral Science - the study of r and its effects19.Mind-Body n - the n een the mind and body20.Heredity - XXX offspring21.Activity Theory - the theory that activity is XXX-being22.Central Processor Model - a model of cognitive processing in the brain23.n Storage - the process of storing n in the brain24.Artificial Intelligence (AI) - the development of computer systems that XXX intelligenceputer Analogy - the use of computer XXXputer n - the use of computer XXXputer Model - a computer program used to XXX28.XXX Detector - a device used to detect XXX29.n Error - an error in judgment due to n of a certain e30.Method of Right and Wrong Cases - a method used to test hypotheses31.Response - XXX32.Interview Method - a method of XXX interviews33.nnaire - a set of XXX data34.Method of n - a method of studying XXX35.n Method - a method of predicting XXX experience36.n - the ability to see37.Pupil - the opening in the center of the eye38.Visible Light - the n of XXX to the human eye39.Color Matching - the process of matching colors40.Color Contrast - the difference in color een two objects41.Color Mixture - the process of mixing colors42.Additive Color Mixture - the process of creating colors by adding light43.Color Weakness - XXX colorsGeography is the study of the Earth's surface。
托福分类词汇学科类
托福词汇词以类记学科类生物（ creature / organism )Strain 种；血统（ species 物种）Parasite寄生虫；寄生植物parasitic寄生的Vital 活体 ripe 成熟的生物行为：Mimicry模仿，拟生Symbiosis 共生，合作关系symbiotic共生的Evolve（使）进化，（使）发展 evolutionary进化的Extinct灭绝的 extinction灭绝繁殖： breed（ n. 品种） reproduction（复制品） proliferate Propagate （传播）后代： posterity = offspring =descendantSubsist生存 = exist= surviveFermentation发酵Respiration 呼吸Secrete分泌 secretion 分泌物Assimilate 吸收 ---stodgy 难消化的Immune免疫的 = unaffected = unsusceptible（ immunity免疫性）Metabolism新陈代谢学术类：Darwinism达尔文学说进化论Morphology形态学Microscope显微镜Calorie卡路里Carbohydrate碳水化合物Glucose葡萄糖Protein蛋白质地质类( Geology )地理类石头Quartz石英Marble大理石Gem宝石Fieldstone散石大卵石Emerald祖母绿翡翠Granite花岗岩Lead铅Limestone石灰石Lava熔岩火山岩Ruby红宝石Mineral矿物矿石Ore矿石Sediment沉淀物Fossil化石petrify 变成化石Aluminum铝Ledge暗礁地貌terrain地形topography地形学Vein矿脉Pit 地坑borehole钻孔Wiikite杂泥矿Bonanza富矿带Crater弹坑Glacier 冰河冰川glacial冰的冰河的Iceberg冰山Plateau 平原Basin 盆地海洋Insular 海岛的peninsula半岛Maritime海的海上的Ledge暗礁Tide 潮汐ebb 退潮Subsidiary支流Contour轮廓海岸线Strait海峡Navigation航海Salinity盐分盐度大陆Continent大陆Terrestrial领土的Outskirt外边郊区Endemic 地方的Cosmopolitan全世界的Subterrane地下Cavern 大山洞Coastland沿海岸地区Flaw裂隙Cleft 裂缝crevice裂缝rift slit地球Equator赤道Longitude经度altitude高度latitude纬度Meridian子午线Antarctic南极的Antarctica南极洲Arctic北极，北极的Elevation高地正面图Geothermy地热Tropical热带的Tropics 回归线热带地质灾害Tremor震动颤动Seism地震Seismic地震的Seismic wave地震波Cataclysm Seismology Magnitude Cataclysm Magma 地震地震学震级地震灾难岩浆 squirt大洪水喷出erupt爆发outburst爆发喷出eruption火山灰volcanic火山的地球构造Stratum地层Mantle地幔Lithosphere岩石圈Layer层阶层Crust地壳Fault 断层气候Moist温润的多雨的化学（chemistry化学biochemistry生物化学）腐烂Hackneyed 陈腐的= mouldy = stale = smelly = musty = flatCaustic Erosion Erode Rot Rotten 腐蚀性的= abrasive = corrosive 腐蚀腐蚀= corrode腐烂=perish = decay腐烂的= decaying = decomposedDecomposition分解腐烂Rust生锈化学物质Silica硅土Crystal 水晶Gasoline汽油Methane甲烷沼气Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物Petroleum石油Plastic塑胶Intermediary媒介物= mediator Dye 颜料染色= pigment Carbon碳Copper铜Lead 铅Nickel镍币Platinum白金Silver银子Sodium钠Tin 锡Zinc锌Calcium钙Helium氦Silicon硅Ammonia氨水Sulfur 硫磺Iodine Nitrogen Oxygen 碘酒氨氧气化学反应氧化oxidizeCatalysis催化作用Catalyst催化剂Adhesive粘合剂Scorch 使褪色= discolorBleach 去色漂白= blanch n.Tint上色漂白剂Hydronic液体循环加热（冷却）的Kindle燃起=ignite = inflameSear 烧灼Ignite 使燃着Neutralize中和 counteract Polymerization 聚合Synthetic综合的Solubility溶度溶性Solution解答溶解溶液Solvent溶解的Solvent溶解的 n.溶媒Dissolve溶解Substance物质实质on离子Molecule分子Element元素Impurity杂质Blend 混和Particle颗粒Combination化合组合Compound混化物化合物Artificial人造的Implementation：Alchemy炼金术魔力Alkaline碱性的Alkalinity碱度Fluid流度Dilute弱的Acetic乙酸的Muriatic碱金属Lye碱液Limestone石灰石Art艺术类见书本 P96Picturesque如画般的生动的Impressionism印象派Embroider绣花Enact 扮演 = impersonatePrelude 序幕Profile n.外形Renaissance 文艺复兴Conjure 用魔术做成Aesthetic审美的Georgraphy地理类地理形态：岛：Insular海岛的Island岛屿Peninsula半岛Islet小岛海，河：Marine海的= marine/ deanicMaritime海的近海的海上的= marine / oceanic Ledge 暗礁Tide 潮汐Ebb 退潮Contour轮廓海岸线= outline / profileStriat 海峡地峡= channelNavigation航海Coastland沿海岸地区Subsidiary 支流Salinity盐度盐分陆地：Continent大陆Terrestrial领土的terrestrial magnetism地磁学Outskirt外边郊区Domain =region 地区地域Endemic地方的 = nativeCosmopolitan = global全世界的Subterrane地下 = underground subterranean地下的Cavern大洞穴Flaw 裂隙crevice=cleft裂缝Gap =opening 裂口Terrain地形 topography地形学：Lowland低地苏格兰低地Plain 平原草原Volcano火山Plateau高原Basin 盆地Geothermy地热Oasis 绿洲地理单位Zone带=region areaEquator赤道Elevation高地正面图海拔Longitude经度Altitude高度Latitude纬度Meridian子午线Hemisphere半球Horizon地平线Equator赤道Tropical热带的Tropics回归线Antarctic南极的Antarctica南极洲Arctic北极法律类 law法庭 court =bar：penal受刑罚的刑事的arbitration调停仲裁confiscate没收充公convict判罪正面 = penalizeverdict判决indemnity赔偿imprisonment监禁invalidate使作废captivity拘留关押trial 审判detain拘留阻止extenuate=diminish 使罪过显得轻微plaintiff原告plead抗辩恳求defend辩护proscribe禁止abstinence 禁戒节制abstain戒绝ban 禁令revise修订verify验证testimony证言accusation控告 = complaint 控告诉苦impeach弹劾控告 = incriminate 控告indictment起诉 = prosecutedenounce告发lawsuit诉讼interrogate审问impunity免罚exempt免除condone宽恕赦免 = liberate = release = absolve acquit宣告无罪= vindicate = exonerateterm = clause条款bill 法案constitution宪法decree法令规定legislate立法legalize合法化enact制定法律prescribe指示规定非法illicit = unlawful = illegal违法的不守法的unruly不守法的illegitimate非法的私生的default不履行责任缺乏violate违法侵犯infringe侵犯违反= encroach intrude flee逃跑逃离义务Bound负有义务的Compulsory义务的必修的Oblige强迫Obligatory义务的必须得Responsible有责任的Domineering专权的Mandatory命令的强制的Licensed = permissive被许可的Fine罚金Saddle是负担Abide遵守权利Heirship继承权Jurisdiction司法权Authorize授权使能够Oath誓言Veto否决权Stipulate约定Testify 证明= substantiate = corroborate Credential凭证环境类environment污染：Noxious有害的有毒的Pollute污染pollutant污染物质Contaminate= defile污染Sewage下水道污水Fume 难闻的烟气体Equilibrium= balanceFauna 动物群动物区系Decibel分贝Ozonosphere臭氧层教育教Adj. didactic = instructive教诲的说教的N.sermon = speechV.initiate 启蒙 = enlighten 启蒙开发 = edify 陶冶教化 = illuminate instill 灌输 = infuse = impartLead = direct=instruct = conduct引导Curriculum课程Discipline学科经济类财富：Precious Prosperous = valuable 宝贵的珍贵的= thriving，flourishingProsperity繁荣= well-beingRare = scarce = uncommon稀罕的珍贵的Asset 财富 = possessions = prosperityFortune = wealth财富商业 commerce ：Bidding投标Drawback退款Lease出租Redress补偿 = rectify = remedy = compensation Ration 定量配给量 = allowanceRebate返回款折扣Merchandise商品 = commodities = goods Currency通货市价 = exchangeInventory物品清单Quota限额定额 = portionCause事业Acting 代理的Inertia惯性惯量Discount打折Shipment装船装货Surplus过剩剩余物资 = residue残余Savings储蓄Collateral抵押品Reimburse偿还 = refundGarner储存Underestimate低估Exchange兑换交换 = barterAssess 估计 =evaluateUtility效用Deposit存款押金Commission佣金Ransom赔偿金财政finance sponsor subsidizeExponent指数Deficit赤字Levy 课税征收Tariff关税Inflation通货膨胀Consume 消耗消费Disburse 支出支付分配= distribute Depreciate贬值Merge合并= amalgamate = consolidateAudit 审查查账=censorTransaction交易Patronage资助Bond公债Custom进口税Revenue 收入 = returns earnings。
完整版托福听力分类词汇完整版
新托福IBT听力场景入学：en rollme nt登记,注册opening ceremony n开业典礼,仪式comme nceme nt ceremony 毕业典礼con vocation n正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orie ntatio n meet ing 开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuiti on, fee 费用pl aceme nt test 开学测试excellent出色的average平均的，一般的below average低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓：uni versity- p reside nt 大学，校长cha ncellor名誉校长college 学院school学院dea n院长principal中学校长pro fessor教授associate pro fessor副教授assista nt pro fessor 助理教授coordi nator班主任，协调人coun selor辅导员advisor指导老师in structor 讲师tutor个人辅导sup ervisor 管理人un dergraduate 本科graduate研究生建筑物buildings: can tee n餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅adm ini strati on build ing 行政大楼main building 主楼wing/annex 酉己楼teaching building 教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂,礼堂=lecture hall assembly n集合，集会hall com puter lab计算实验室，机房dining hall 食堂选课学科major主修mi nor畐J修scie nee 理科,arts 文科,engin eeri ng 工科Mathematics 数学p hysics 物理chemistry化学biology生物学geogra phy 地理学electr onics 电子学compu ter scie nee计算机科学astro nomy天文学electr onics engin eeri ng 电子工程学bota ny植物学p sychology 心理学zoology动物学architecture 建筑学ocea nography 海洋学ecology生态学medical scie nee 医学archaeology 考古学history历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies教育学，教学法anthropo logy 人类学econo mics经济学statistics 统计学acco un ti ng 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compu Isory course 必修课selective/op ti onal course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座semi nar高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial个人辅导课程worksho p 专题课程级别In troductory 入门级eleme ntary, fun dame ntal 初级In termediate, sec on dary 中级Adva need 高级P rerequisite先修课程上课：Atte nd class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class 逃课Syllabus教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Atte nda nee 出勤Gradi ng system 打分体系Class p artic ip ati on 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter 小学期course guideli ne 课程纲要major主修mi nor畐J 修exe mp tio n 免修syllabus教学大纲Professor ' s signat教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数），openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）,drop 退（课）Late registrati on 晚注册Deregistrati on 注销教师称号pro fessor 教授lecturer = in structor 讲师teach ing assista nt = TA 助教research assista nt = RA助研coun selor, adviser 咨询者，顾问p reside nt大学校长teacher/faculty 教师stude nt's advisor 学生顾问physicist物理学家mathematicia n 数学家chemist化学家historia n历史学家statisticia n统计学家作业：assig nment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork =studies 作业lab rep ort实验报告book report读书报告p roject 作业p rese ntati on 发言term paper 学期论文（research pape）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal学术期刊social in vestigati on 社会调查survey调查questionnaire n调查表,问卷observatio n n 观察in terview vt .n.采访collect data收集数据broad （论文等）内容宽泛narrow dow n （论文等）缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadl ine n最终期限exte nsion 延期due date/time 期限outline n.大纲，提纲（roadmap） bibliography n 书目,参考书目refere nee 参考p lagiarism n.抄袭revise v.修改rewrite v.重写final draft 完成稿sp eech n演讲p rese ntati on 演讲，陈述eye con tact目光接触inton ati on 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = fin als 期末考cumulative final总结性考试take-home exam （拿回家的开卷考试, 一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test主观性测试objective test客观性测试pop quiz抽查式测验blue book答题本assessme nt i估价app raisal n评价,估价make up for 补考, resit, retake 重考grade （mark、score）分数成绩：p erfect grade优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分p ass ing grade 及格分faili ng grade不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全 A be all A's and B's 全是 A 和 B B plus B力卩A mi nus A 减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物p eriodical 期干刊magaz ine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index按字母顺序排列的索引circulatio n desk 借书处reserved books馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine过期罚金P eriodical reading room 期刊阅览室on li ne journal在线期干刊video tape录像带back issue过期杂志curre nt issue近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品scie nce-ficti on 科幻小说cop ier复印机check out办理（借、还）手续renew续借overdue 过期in terlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称in formatio n desk n.服务台delivery/circulati on desk 借书台shelf n.书架p hotoc opy room 复印室return area 还书处stude nts locker学生存储间refere nee secti on 参考书咅 E 科研过程Hypo thesisAlter native hypo thesis 择一假说Null hypothesis 无效假说,零假说Collect dataSurvey, questi onn aireExp erime ntIn terfere, i nflue neeObservati onAn alyze dataIn terpret dataAn alysisAn alyticalSubjectSamp le Treatme nt group Non-treatme ntCon trol group校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter of refere nce/recomme ndati onComp etitiveBen efit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress BabysitterWork at the libraryQualification 资格，qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarsh ip Fellowshi pTeach ing assista ntsh ip 助教奖学金Research assista ntship研究奖学金Grant助学金Loa n贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based以优秀为基础Stude nt union 学生会Clubs俱乐部Membersh ip成员资格Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodati on n住处,膳宿reside nee hal I 宿舍suite套间studio工作室，独立套间village村落（校内一栋一栋的房子, 可以用做宿舍）lounge n公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者，室友corridor n.走廊，过道，租房lease n租借,租约Ian dlord 房东Ian dlady女房东rent租金tenant房客p atio n.阳台，slid ing door n.推拉门sin gle room 单人房twin room双人房two-bedroom ap artme nt house key房锁匙床上用品：pillow n.枕头bed linen n.床上用品sheet n.被单mattress n床垫bla nket n 毯子towel n.手巾,毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric app lia nce(i nstrume nt; equipment)电器heater, furn ace力卩热器，炉子heati ng unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove炉子microwave ove n 微波炉washer / dryer洗衣机/烘干机 (laundry洗衣店)ute nsil器皿；用具kitche n ute nsil 炊具ove n烤箱；烤炉range煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机wash ing mach ine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffee pot咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer)冰箱vacuum clea ner 吸尘器tape p layer 录音机CD player CD 机Laundromat自动洗衣店maintenance维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch沙发chest柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau)梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cup board (closet)碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug小地毯carpet地毯curta in窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture (房屋)固定装置furni shi ngs 室内陈设日常生活/问题：personalpo ssessi ons/prop erty/bel ongings个人财产get in sura nee forpo ssessi ons/prop erty/bel ongsgarbage/rubbish/waste r垃圾dis pose v.处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leak in g/leakage n.泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n.滑坡Lan dslide n山体滑坡Mud 泥土，soil 土壤Earth n. 土Sink V.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n.灌溉Freeze, froze, froze n v冷冻Melt V.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v倾斜Slo pe n斜坡Steep adj陡峭Erode v., erosi on n 腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dino saur n.恐龙Sedime nt, dep osit 沉淀物Marble大理石gran ite花岗岩Ore矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v.提炼PI ati num v.铂金Seismology 地震学Vibrati on, tremor,震动Wave波动Volca no, volca nic 火山，火山的Volca nic erup tio n 火山喷发Mag ni tude 级数Collisi on n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dorma nt adj.休眠的Extinct adj.熄灭的Magma n岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erup t v.喷发expl ode v.爆炸(ex pl osi on) boom n爆炸Blast n爆炸Avala nche n 雪崩地球科学Earth'si nterior地球的内部Seismic waves 地震波Comp ressi on 压缩Shear ( a deformation of an object in which parallel planes rema in p arallel but are shifted in a direct ion p arallel to themselves) Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boun dary 边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continen tal plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate（地球表面的）构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack裂缝Molten lava融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic cha nges 气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar en ergy 太阳能Radiate发射，放射Crude app roximatio n 大概的猜测Sp eculation 猜测Cooling down 冷去卩Mecha nism 机制9 Len gth of the day Physical force 体力Imaginary line 虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库Latitude Redistribute再分配，再分布Spin快速旋转Min erals矿物质Diverse多样的Sp ecimen, Sam pie 样品Abu nda nt丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amaz on stones 天河石Firing vapor炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高P recise measuremen精确personal的测量Global Po siti oning System 全球定位系统Lon gitude 经度Latitude 维度Alter native sources of en ergy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap困住Flame火焰P ote ntial潜在的Model模式Geological fault 地质断层Crack裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带p ostulate 假设chu nk大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical圆柱形的ground tilt measureme nt 地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj.沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业In sura nee 保险Note注意Con tract 合约Verbal agreeme nt 口头协议Repay偿还In terest 利息Mercha nt 商人Cautious谨慎的P aram ount极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label标签Conten tio n所持观点Inform告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and dema nd供求Supply chain 供应链Fluctuati on 浮动Recessi on 衰退Dep ressi on 萧条Market ing strategies 市场营销策略Survey调查Surplus 剩余Shi pment 运输Distribution 分布Retail零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, P lato and AristotleTheme主题Logic逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fun dame ntal causes基本原因Prin ci pies of the uni verse 宇宙的原则Perceive看待，观察P erce pti on 观点Sense感觉Soul 灵魂spiritEleme nt组成成分Reas oning 推理Ration理性,rational有理性的Contemp lati on 沉思，思考Judgme nt 判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明，justification合理的理由Exp licit明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral有道德的Ultimate truth 终极真理Uni versal普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic内部的Extrinsic外部的Critic评论家Old-fashio ned 过时的Valuable有价值的Survive生存，存活Con servative 保守的Liberal开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cog nitive认知的Weaken削弱Dimi nish (影响力)减小Medieval中世纪Ren aissa nee文艺复兴Doctrine教义，主义，学说Idealism唯心论，理想主义Ep istemology n.认识论Meta physics形而上学,玄学Reco ncile和解,调停天文学astronomy con stellati on 星座zodiac (星象学的星座) planet行星sun恒星Jup iter 木星Pluto冥王星Satur n 土星Mercury 水星Mars火星Venus金星Nep tu ne海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星(the largest asteroid and the first discovered)White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper北斗七星Asteroid belt小行星带Milky Way银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v.转Axis n.轴track n.轨道outer sp ace外太空gravity n.重力equator n 赤道tropical热带的bright ness n 亮度dime nsion n.维度dista nee n.距巨离Ecli pse (日月食) Wane, dimi nish v.逐渐变小Centrip etal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust inin terstellar space) Nebulous adj.星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen) P article 微粒Polar light 极光Observatory 天文台Astro nomical 天文的Photos phere 光球层Astro physics天文物理学Plan etarium 天文馆Big Dipper北斗七星P la netoid小行星Black hole 黑洞Polestar北极星Celestial天体的P seudoscie nee 伪科学Celestial map 天体图Quasar类星体Cen trifugal force 离心力Radiation 辐射Cho ndrite球粒状陨石Revoluti on 旋转Chromos phere太阳的色球层Rotati on 旋转Clockwise顺时针Satellite 卫星Cluster星团，一群星星Sky atlas天体图Comet彗星Solar corona 日冕Cosmos 宇宙, Space debris太空垃圾cosmetic宇宙的Sp ace shuttle太空飞船Cosmology宇宙学Space suit太空服Emission排放物，发射Spin快速旋转Fai nt微弱的Star cluster星群，星团Feeble微弱的Stellar 星星的Gaseous bodies 气态包Sunspot太阳黑子Gravitational force 吸弓丨力Time differe nee 时差Gree nwich mea n time 格林尼治时间Time zone 时区High resolution 高清晰度etc.) Ignite引燃表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，「Illusive object 幻影物体Genre艺术分类Image影响，形象P erformi ng art 表演艺术Infinite无限的moder n dance p iece现代舞In frared ray红外射线concert音乐会In terferometer 干扰仪play 剧In tergalactic 星系间的opera歌居寸In ternatio nal date line国际日期变更线film电影Interplan etary 星球间的camera摄影In terstellar 星际的camera shotLea p year 闰年an alytical 分析的Light year 光年parallel平行的Luminosity 光亮度ballet巴雷舞Lunar阴历的，月亮的choreogra pher 舞蹈指导Massive巨大的Fin e/visual arts 视觉艺术Meteor流星Abstract art抽象艺术Meteor shower 流星雨Ian dsca pe 风景Meteorite 陨石p hotogra phy 摄影Meteoroid流星体exp osure 曝光Molten融化的develop film冲洗胶卷Naked eye 裸眼n egative n.底片p ortrait (p ortray v.)肖像,人像、still life 静物scu Ip ture 雕塑statue人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vivid an them 国歌Critic评论家Criticism批评，评论Review n.评论Master piece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic app eal 美学吸弓I力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Dist inct adj.与众不同的Un ique独一无二的Style风格Tech nique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Editi on n.专辑Release v.发行Debut n首映Imp ressi onist印象主义者Imp ressi onism 印象派Persp ective 透视法An gle角度P ress/Publish ing house出版社Acclaim v.盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产P reserve v.保存Ext inct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biogra phy 传记autobiogra phy 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist小说家collecti on of short stories 短篇小说集Allegory 寓言Comp arative literature 比较文学Diary 日记Editorial社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descri ptive p rose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism未来派Lege nd传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative p rose 叙述性散文Podium讲台Prose散文Realism现实主义School of literature 文学派别Lead ing character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot情节Poetry诗歌P rologue 前言P roverb 谚语Surrealism超现实主义美术Art gallery 艺廊Calligraphy 书法Imitating 模仿Lan dsca pe pain ti ng 风景画Oil painting 油画Paste粘贴Crayon蜡笔，粉笔，颜料P igme ntatio n 颜料Canvas帆布Wax蜡Sp ectrum 光谱Pers pective透视画法Poster海报Portrait 肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawi ng 蜡笔画Sketch草图Autogra ph 手稿建筑Architecture 建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style 建筑风格Art deco装饰艺术Art moder neGeometric p atter ns 几何图形Arch拱门Castle城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing 结构Lobby n.大厅(entrance hall)Elevator n.电梯Facade n.正面Stairs楼梯Interior内部的Exterior外部的Imp ressi oni stic style 印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Ren aissa nee文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Acco mpaniment 伴奏Audition试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music 古典音乐Con certo协奏曲Lullaby催眠曲Duet二重奏Harm ony和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Seren ade小夜曲Solo独奏Son ata奏鸣曲Symphony交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music民间音乐P relude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score乐谱Note音符Notation乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics歌词Tempo节奏Melody主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune旋律Con duct 指挥Violin小提琴Viola中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['kr ?ml?:n] n.变号（一种古双簧乐器）Harp竖琴考古anthropo logist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropo logist生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropo logy 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源origi nate起源于an cestor 祖先hominid 人(科) homoge neous同一种族(种类)的tribe部落cla n氏族archeologist考古学家excavati on 挖掘excavate (un earth)挖掘Scoop铲子ruins遗迹，废墟remai ns遗迹，遗骸artifact手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter) Po rcela in 瓷器fossil化石relic遗物，文物Rock pain ti ng 岩石画an tique古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull颅骨Cran iai颅骨的Sto ne Age石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的Exhume挖掘P aleoa nthropo logyP rehistoric 史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Ami no acid氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological age ncyCalcium 钙Carbohydrate碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒En zymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Ferme ntati on 发酵Fun gus菌类Gene基因Gen etic engin eeri ng 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immuno logy 免疫学In cubatio n 孵蛋Inflection 传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe微生物Nucleus细胞核On e-celled单细胞的Oxidation 氧化P arasitic ani mal 寄生动物P arasite disease寄生虫病Parasitology寄生虫学Pathogen病菌，病原体P rotozoa原生动物San itatio n 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vacci ne 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)细菌algae海藻coral 珊瑚rode nt啮齿类动物primate灵长类动物ape 猿chi mpan zee n.黑猩猩gorilla大猩猩mon key n.猴子mammal哺乳类动物dino saur n 恐龙bat (ecolotio n)蝙蝠(声波定位) sno wshoe hare 雪兔子racco on 浣熊po lar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部； rep tile爬行类动物snake, cobra 眼镜蛇,rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard 蜥蜴， sn ail蜗牛amp hibia n adj.两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n.青蛙tad pole 蝌蚪toad蟾蜍pond池塘puddle水坑insect n 昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grassh opper 蚱蜢honey bee mon arch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having dee p orange wings with black and white markin gs; the larvae feed on milkweed egg卵larvae 幼虫cater pillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n.白蚁marine adj.海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅p redator n.捕食者prey n.被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrim p 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab螃蟹bird, hum ming bird artery动脉scale鳞片claw爪,paw 爪子horn 角horm one荷尔蒙in testi ne 肠hive蜂巢p olle n n.花粉p olli nate v.授粉hiber nate 冬眠migrate v.迁徙com muni cate v.交流camouflage 保护色evolve进化evolutio n n.进化endotherm n温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n.冷血动物beak鸟嘴en zymes 酵母secreti on(n.) secrete(v.)分泌pan creas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragranee scent smell) gla nd腺体chromosome 染色体植物bota ny植物学bota nist植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带，冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel月桂chest nut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae( pl. alga)海藻orga nism有机物birch tree (bark)桦树crops谷物corn玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素ami no acids 氨基酸protein蛋白质n itroge n 氮p hotos yn thetic(adj.) p hotos yn thesis( n.) 光合作用liche n地衣，苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such a&UMP KIN s bean豆类植物n ectar花蜜flower 花floral花的petal花瓣bloom开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss苔藓herbicide除草剂herb草本植物herbivorous 食草的classificati on 分类hierarchy 级另hazardous有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (p redict)预报climate 气候atmos phere 大气层troposp here 对流层Convection 对流Stratos phere 同温层Barometer气压计curre nt (气)流vapor蒸汽eva po rate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid)潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb吸收dew露frost 霜fog (mist)雾smog烟雾drop let小水珠condense 浓缩crystal水晶体dow npo ur (torre ntial rain)大雨temp est (storm)暴风雨drizzle纟田雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard (sno wstorm)暴风雪avala nche (sno wslide) 雪崩precip itati on (雨、露、雪等)降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze微风Blast大风gale大风whiriwind 旋风Cyclo ne旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurrica ne 飓风Mon soon 季风San dstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴torn ado (twister, cycl one)龙卷风Tropi cal dep ressio n 热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel漏斗，漏斗云cum uloni mbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastro phe)灾难devastati on 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v.淹没drought 干旱Avala nche 雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave 热浪Te pid adj.微温的环保en vir onmen tal p rotecti on 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的p reserve v 保护，保存污染：p ollute, p olluti on, p olluta nt con tam inant n 污染物con tam in ate v 污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学an tise ptic adj 防腐的atmos pheric p olluti on 大气污染垃圾：rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理:dis pose of, burn, bury (la ndfill), recycle, reduce, reuse, dump回收:glass, paper, water, milk cart on 牛奶盒,tyre, alu minium cans 铝罐, pl astic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway可丢弃的dis po sable 可丢弃的discourage v.不鼓励燃料non e-re newable不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料： n atural gas, coal, p etroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alter native en ergy 替代能源, replace=substitute v取代wind po wer, hydr opo wer 水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nu clear po wer 核能radioactivity n.辐射性use up, dep lete, exhaust v 用光，耗尽con serve v.节省，节约, 污染:water p olluti on, air p olluti on, soil pollution 土壤污染， no ise p olluti on soil erosi on 土壤侵蚀soil pollution 土壤污染stain n污染，污点，玷污stink V.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical有毒的化学物品fume n烟，气味light pollution 日光污染refuse废物sewage污水p esticide n 杀虫剂chemical waste 化学废料con gest v使充满危害动物： poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地， rare breed稀有物种， endangered specie濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), an imal rights activist动物权益保护者， n atural reserve(gia nt pan dot 熊猫)自然保护区，protect wild life保护野生动物，p reserve v保护disastrous灾难性的，devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on 对。
托福的词汇表整理
托福的词汇表整理托福考试是一个重视词汇量的英语考试，因此扩大词汇量对于预备托福考试格外重要。
下面是一个大约包含1500个常用托福词汇的整理：A1. abandon-放弃2. ability-力量3. abolish-废除4. absorb-吸取5. abstract-抽象的6. absurd-荒谬的7. abundant-丰富的8. abuse-滥用9. accelerate-加速10. accessible-可接近的B11. bias-偏见12. bless-祝愿13. blend-混合14. boast-夸耀15. boundary-边界16. breed-繁殖17. brief-简短的18. brilliant-杰出的19. budget-预算20. bully-欺侮第1页/共11页C21. calculate-计算22. capable-能干的23. capture-捕获24. cautious-当心的25. celebrate-庆祝26. challenge-挑战27. charity-慈善28. clarify-澄清29. client-客户30. climate-气候D31. decade-十年32. decay-腐败33. decline-衰退34. decorate-装饰35. dedicate-奉献36. defend-保卫37. define-定义38. democracy-民主39. demonstrate-证明40. dense-密集的E41. eager-渴望的42. efficient-高效的43. eliminate-消退44. embrace-拥抱45. emerge-消灭46. emphasize-强调47. enable-使能够48. encounter-患病49. enhance-增加50. enormous-巨大的F51. facilitate-促进52. faithful-忠诚的53. former-前者的54. foundation-基础55. fraud-欺诈56. frustrate-使懊丧57. fundamental-基本的58. furthermore-此外59. furious-生气的60. fusion-融合G61. gender-性别62. generate-生成63. global-全球的64. gradual-渐渐的65. grant-授予66. greed-贪欲67. grief-哀痛68. guarantee-保证69. guide-指导第3页/共11页70. guilty-有罪的H71. habitat-栖息地72. harmony-和谐73. hazardous-危急的74. hence-因此75. hesitate-迟疑76. host-主持77. humble-虚心的78. hurricane-飓风79. hypothesis-假设80. identical-相同的I81. illustrate-说明82. immense-巨大的83. impact-影响84. implement-实施85. imply-示意86. inevitable-不行避开的87. infect-感染88. inferior-低劣的89. influence-影响90. innovative-创新的J91. jealous-嫉妒的92. justify-证明93. keen-热衷的94. launch-放射95. liberty-自由96. logic-规律97. loyal-忠诚的98. luxury-铺张品99. maximize-最大化100. motivate-激励K101. keen-热衷的102. pace-速度103. mirror-反映104. mutual-相互的105. objective-客观的106. patience-急躁107. persistent-长久的108. potential-潜力109. process-过程110. prompt-快速的L111. labor-劳动112. landscape-风景113. launch-放射114. leisure-休闲115. liberate-解放116. logic-规律117. luxury-铺张品118. maintain-维持第5页/共11页119. majority-大多数120. massive-大规模的M121. magnify-放大122. manipulate-操纵123. maximize-最大化124. medieval-中世纪的125. mercy-慈善126. mislead-误导127. modify-修改128. moral-道德的129. mystery-奇特130. negotiate-协商N131. neglect-忽视132. network-网络133. neutral-中立的134. nevertheless-然而135. noble-高尚的136. nourish-滋养137. numerous-很多的138. nurture-培育139. obstacle-障碍140. option-选择O141. objective-客观的142. obtain-获得143. obstacle-障碍144. omit-省略145. opinion-观点146. organize-组织147. overwhelming-压倒性的148. obvious-明显的149. modify-修改150. obligation-责任P151. perceive-感知152. persist-坚持153. perspective-观点154. precise-精确的155. prevail-流行156. principle-原则157. proclaim-宣布158. profound-深刻的159. progress-进步160. promote-促进Q161. qualify-使具备资格162. quality-质量163. quantity-数量164. quest-追求165. quote-引用166. urban-城市的167. reassuring-使人放心的第7页/共11页168. reflect-反映169. regime-政权170. render-使成为R171. random-随机的172. rational-理性的173. recent-最近的174. recover-康复175. remarkable-卓越的176. reliable-牢靠的177. renewable-可再生的178. represent-代表179. restore-恢复180. reveal-揭露S181. sacred-神圣的182. scale-规模183. scarce-稀缺的184. scheme-方案185. significance-重要性186. skeptical-怀疑的187. sophisticated-简单的188. strategy-策略189. substantial-大量的190. successor-继任者T191. technique-技术192. temporary-临时的193. terror-恐怖194. transform-转变195. transparent-透亮的196. tremendous-巨大的197. ultimately-最终地198. unique-独特的199. universe-宇宙200. utilize-利用U201. unanimous-全都的202. undergo-经受203. undermine-减弱204. uphold-支持205. uprising-起义206. urgent-紧急的207. utilize-利用208. utmost-极度的209. utter-说出210. undermine-减弱V211. vacant-空缺的212. valid-有效的213. vanish-消逝214. venture-冒险215. verify-核实216. versatile-多才多艺的第9页/共11页217. virtue-美德218. vision-视力219. vital-至关重要的220. vow-宣誓W221. welfare-福利222. whereas-然而223. wicked-邪恶的224. withdraw-撤退225. widespread-广泛的226. witness-目击者227. withstand-经受住228. worship-崇拜229. worthy-值得的230. yield-产生X231. xenophobia-仇外心理232. xenophilic-爱外国事物的233. xenology-外星学234. xenial-外国人的235. xenobiotics-外源性物质236. xenoloneliness-外地人的孤独237. xenolinguistics-外语学238. xenophilia-对外国人的宠爱239. xenodochial-好客的240. xenolith-岩石中的异质体Y千里之行，始于足下。
托福的必备词汇
托福的必备词汇在备考托福考试时，掌握必要的词汇是非常重要的。
通过学习和掌握这些词汇，考生可以更好地理解和应用英语，在听力、阅读、写作和口语等各个方面都能取得更好的成绩。
下面将介绍一些托福的必备词汇，并提供一些有效的学习方法供考生参考。
一、常见词汇分类1. 基础词汇：包括常用的名词、动词、形容词和副词等，如“book”（书）、“run”（跑）、“beautiful”（美丽）和“quickly”（快速）等。
2. 高频词汇：在托福考试中，部分词汇出现的频率较高，考生需要特别重视。
例如“analysis”（分析）、“explain”（解释）和“issue”（问题）等。
3. 学术词汇：这些词汇主要用于解决听力和阅读部分的学术题目，包括科学、历史、社会学等领域的专业术语和概念。
例如“hypothesis”（假设）、“experiment”（实验）和“theory”（理论）等。
4. 过渡词汇：在写作和口语表达中，使用适当的过渡词可以使句子和段落之间有机地连接起来，增加文章的连贯性和流畅性。
常见的过渡词汇包括“however”（然而）、“therefore”（因此）和“furthermore”（此外）等。
二、词汇学习方法1. 制定学习计划：根据自己的学习进度和时间安排，制定合理的学习计划。
每天安排一定的时间进行词汇学习，并记录下生词和例句，进行反复复习。
2. 创造语境：仅仅死记硬背词汇是不够的，考生需要在实际语境中运用词汇。
可以通过读英语文章、听英语新闻和参与英语角等方式，将词汇融入到实际语言环境中。
3. 制作记忆卡片：将生词和词义写在纸片上，一面写英文，另一面写中文解释。
可以根据需要分为不同的主题，如动物、食物、社交等，方便复习时分类查看。
4. 多种学习方式结合：可以通过听力、阅读、写作和口语等多种学习方式来巩固词汇。
如通过听力练习提高听词能力，通过写作练习提高词汇运用能力。
5. 常用词组搭配：在学习词汇时，特别需要注意一些常见的词组搭配。
托福知识分类词汇
托福知识分类词汇1.astronomy 天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomical observatory天文台astronomical instruments天文仪器astronomical telescope天文望远镜astronomical observation天文观测astronomical unit天文单位astronomical almanac天文年历; = yearbook planetarium天文馆astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrophysicist天文物理学家astrophotograph天体摄影影图astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学hidebound包紧的; 思想狭隘的pinnacle (peak; summit; apex)巅; 顶峰deviate偏离cosmos (universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic force宇宙力cosmic dust宇宙尘cosmic noise宇宙噪声cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线cosmic speed宇宙速度celestial天的celestial body (heavenly body)天体celestial map (sky atlas)天体团celestial sphere天球celestial globe天球仪celestial mechanics天体力学celestial navigation天文导航; = astronavigation stellar星的nebula(复数 nebulae 或 nebulas) 星云nebular (nebulous)星云的; 星云状的dwarf (dwarf star)矮星quasar类星体; 类星射电源constellation星座galaxy (Milky Way)银河系observable可观察到的cluster星团solar太阳的solar system太阳系solar corona日冕solar flare日辉; 太阳耀斑solar prominence日珥solar eclipse日食solar radiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid (asteroid)小行星revolve旋转; 绕转twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的lunar eclipse月蚀lunar probe月球探测器lunar astronaut登月宇航员;= lunarnaut;lunanaut lunar module登月舱; = lunar excursion module lunar rover月面车; = lunar roving vehicle lunarscape月面景色; = moonscapephase月相; 阶段meteor流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space (outer space)太空; 外层空间spacecraft (spaceship)宇宙飞船space capsule宇宙飞船座舱; 航天舱spacelab太空实验室spaceman宇航员; 航天员; = astronaut; cosmonaut space suit宇航服; 航天服space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜2.geography 地理geography地理geographer地理学家hemisphere半球northern&southern hemispheres北半球和南半球eastern&western hemispheres东半球和西半球meridian子午线; 经线parallel平行圈; 纬线latitude纬度high latitudes高纬度地区low latitudes低纬度地区temperate latitudes温带地区longitude经度horizon地平线equator赤道Tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic (Antarctica)南极expedition探险zone气候带time zone时区topography地形plain平原plateau (highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern (cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean (underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continental island地陆岛volcanic island火山岛coral island珊瑚岛island小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continental shelf大陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon (通常谷底有溪涧流过的)峡谷channel (strait)海峡survey测绘elevation海拔altitude高度remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的; 陆地的terrestrial heat地热；＝ geothermal; heat of the earth's int terrestrial magnetism (geomag地磁3.Geology 地质Geology地质学geologist (geologic an)地质学家geological (geologic)地质学的geologic age (geological time)地质时代geologic map地质图geological survey地质调查geochronology地质年代学geosciences (earth science)地球科学crust地壳continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer地层；＝ stratum;复数 strata mantle地幔core地核plate板块plate tectonics板块构造论fault断层fault plane断层面fault zone断层带rift (crack; split)断裂disintegration (decomposition)分解erosion侵蚀fossil化石rock岩石igneous rock火成岩sedimentary rock沉积岩metamorphic rock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenqus岩石成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆prospect勘探sounding测探mine采矿mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金; 铂copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zine锌nickel镍mercury (quicksilver)汞; 水银gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch (age, period)冰川期glacial drift冰碛iceberg冰山(ice)sheet冰原; 冰盖frigid (refrigerated; freezin寒冷的plummet（气温)急剧下降thaw (melt)融化retreat后退terminate(end)结束volcano火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆scoria火山渣volcanic火山的volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰volcanic bombs火山弹earthquake地震；＝ quake; tremor; seism seismology地震学magnitude震级epicenter震中hypocenter (focus)震源wave地震波（earthquake; seismic; shock ～)cataclysm灾变4.meteorology 气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast (predict)预报weather天气weathercast气象报告weather chart (weather map)天气图weather station气象站weather balloon气象气球weather eye气象观察器; 气象卫星weather satellite气象卫星climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层front（气）锋current（气）流vapor蒸汽damp (wet; moist; humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿; 水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog (mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体coalescence聚合; 合并downpour大雨tempest (storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨sleet雨夹雪hail冰雹blizzard (snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche (snowslide)雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水breeze微风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado (twister; cyclone)龙卷风funnel漏斗; 漏斗云swirl (whirl)旋动rotate旋转counterclockwise逆时针方向disaster灾难；＝ calamity; catastrophe devastation破坏treacherous危险的; 变化莫测的disastrous灾难的; = destructive; devastating submerge淹没flood洪水arid (dry)干燥的aridity干燥drought旱灾5.chemistry 化学chemistry化学inorganic chemistry无机化学organic chemistry有机化学physical chemistry物理化学industrial chemistry工业化学synthetic chemistry合成化学biochemistry生物化学chemist化学家overlap重叠chemical化学的chemical property化学特性; 化学性能chemical composition (makeup)化学成分chemical agent化学试剂chemical reaction化学反应chemical change化学变化chemical bond化学键chemical equation (formula)化学方程式（公式）chemical symbol化学符号chemical industry化学工业chemical apparatus化学器械substance (matter; material)物质element元素periodic table周期表hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氦carbon碳calcium钙potassium钾silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘uranium铀compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum (oil)石油petroleum products石油产品crude oil原油refine提炼; 精炼gasoline汽油solution溶液dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可溶性cohesive聚合力adhesive粘合力atom原子nucleus原子核electron电子neutron中子proton质子molecule分子particle粒子particle accelerator粒子加速器catalysis(复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst催化剂behave起（某种）作用alter (change; convert)改变transformation (alteration)变换; 转换process (变化)过程artificial人造的synthetic合成的synthetic fiber合成纤维scarce缺乏的; 稀有的superior优良的; 优越的elastic有弹性的resist抗; 耐polymer聚合物polymerization聚合作用plastic塑料dye染料cosmetics化妆品6.physics 物理physics物理classical physics经典物理学modern physics现代物理学physicist物理学家experimental physicist实验物理学家theoretical physicist理论物理学家mechanics力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学electromagnetism电磁学optics光学dynamics动力学force力velocity速度acceleration加速度uniform acceleration匀速加速度equilibrium平衡stationary静止的statics静力学motion运动inertia惯性mass质量expand膨胀contract收缩gravitation引力relativity相对gravity地心引力vibration震动medium (media)媒质frequency频率wavelength波长pitch音高intensity强度echo回声resonance洪亮; 回声sonar声纳microphone麦克风; 扩音器ultrasonic超声学electricity电static electricity静电magnetism磁性; 磁力magnet磁体electromagnet电磁magnetic field磁场electric current电流direct (electric) current直流电alternating (electric) current交流电electric circuit电路electric charge电荷electric voltage电压electric shock触电electric appliance电器conductor导体insulator绝缘体semiconductor半导体battery (cell)电池dry battery干电池storage battery蓄电池electronics电子学electronic电子的electronic component (part)电子零件integrated circuit集成电路chip集成电路片; 集成块electron tube电子管vacuum tube真空管transistor晶体管diode二极管terminal端子; 终端amplification（名词）放大amplify（动词）放大amplifier放大器; 扬声器oscillation震荡optical光（学）的optical fiber光学纤维optical disk (disc)光盘lens透镜; 镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱ultraviolet紫外线X rays X射线Gamma raysγ射线infrared红外线microwaves微波reflect反射refract折射emit发（光、热、气味等）dispersion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的7 mathematics 数学mathematics数学pure mathematics纯粹数学applied mathematics应用数学mathematician数学家arithmetic算术calculation计算calculator计算器abacus算盘numeral数字sum和total (sum total)总和, 总数aggregate总计fraction分数, 小数decimal十进位, （十进）小数digit数字, 数位percentage百分比addition加法plus加上subtraction减法minus减去multiplication乘法multiplication table乘法表multiply乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以over (介词）除以denominator分母numerator分子quotient商remainder余数algebra代数quantity表示量的数（或符号）unknown quantity未知数（量）equation方程式, 等式formula公式root根square root平方根cube root立方根geometry n.几何,几何学plane geometry平面几何solid geometry立体几何geometric几何的dimension维parallel adj平行的 n 平行线quadrilateral四边形square正方形area面积rectangle长方形, 矩形polygon多边形rhombus菱形; 菱形六面体trapezoid梯形cube立方形volume体积sphere球形circle圆形ellipse (oval)椭圆形cone圆锥形circumference圆周diameter直径radius半径trigonometry三角学triangle三角形angle角right angle直角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角degree(角) 度calculus微积分differential calculus微分学integral calculus积分学function函数probability概率statistics统计tabulating列表quantitative量的, 数量的qualitative质的, 质量的summarization总结, 归纳sample抽样random随机的; 任意的logic逻辑deduction (inference)推论, 演绎induction归纳8.agriculture 农业agriculture农业agriculture (farming)农业agricultural农业的agricultural products(～ produce ) 农产品agricultural implements（～ tools）农具agricultural engieering农业工程学agriculturist农业经营者；＝ agriculturalistagronomy农艺学agrology土壤学land (soil)土壤; 土地fertile land（～soil) 沃土barren（lean; meager）land 贫瘠地; 不毛之地arable（tilled; cultivated）land 耕地dry land（soil～) 旱地saline-alkali soil盐碱地irrigated land水田; 水浇地unwrought(virgin) land处女地soil particles壤颗粒soil texture土壤质地soil amelioration（～improvement) 土壤改良soil conservation土壤保护soil erosion泥土流失silt粉砂, 泥沙clay黏土, 湿土clod土块agrarian土地的, 农业的mechanization机械化pilot (experimental )试验性的cultivate耕作；＝tillfallow休耕rotation轮作plough犁地；＝ plowloosen (scarify)松土harrow( rake)耙, 耙土ridge田埂furrow犁沟plot小块地；＝ patchranch农场, 牧场plantation种植园orchard果园nursery苗圃seedbed苗床sickle镰刀spade铲, 锹shovel（平头 ) 铲pick稿tractor拖拉机sow(seed)播种harvest收割weed除草weed killer除草剂irrigate灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒（农药）insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest害虫rust锈病smut黑穗病grain (cereal)谷物, 谷粒granary(grain store)粮仓mill碾, 磨variety品种wheat小麦corn玉米rice大米barley大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦millet粟, 小米vegetable蔬菜horticulture园艺学hydroponics水栽法, 营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed)温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜spinach菠菜broccoli花椰菜cauliflower花菜cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子pepper辣椒pumpkin南瓜tomato西红柿beet甜菜carrot胡萝卜radish小红萝卜turnip萝卜pea豌豆snap bean四季豆soybean大豆celery芹菜garlic大蒜leek韭菜onion洋葱头shallot青葱potato土豆peanut花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花flax亚麻hemp大麻husbandry畜牧业; = animal husbandry pasture牧场livestock家畜fowl (poultry)家禽cattle牛, 家畜buffalo野牛dairy (dairy cattle)奶牛dairy farm乳牛场hay（作饲料用）干草haystack干草堆fodder (feed)饲料trough饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽stable厩, 马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty)猪圈sheepfold (sheep pen)羊栏roost (hen house)鸡舍fish farm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖9.HI-TECH 高科技hi-tech (high tech; high tech高科技sophisticated (advanced)先进的precision精密; 精确breakthrough突破; 重大发现（发明）electronic products电子产品electronic control电子控制electronic robot电子机器人electronic camera电子摄像electronic organ电子琴electronic hearing aid电子助听器electronic microscope电子显微镜electronic brain(computer)电脑electronic mail电子邮件Internet互联网World Wide Web互联网modem n. 调制解调器information superhighway信息on-line service网上服务microcomputer n.微型电子计算机microprocessor n.微处理videophone可视电话videotex视传cellular phone移动电话cordless telephone无绳电话digital television数字电视microwave radar微波雷达comsat n. 通讯卫星microwave oven微波炉laser n.激光compact disk光盘CD-ROM激光唱片；光盘videodisc n. 影碟((可播出影像及声音的圆形激光录像片)) optical fiber光学纤维fiber-optic cable光纤电缆fiber-optic communication sys.光纤通讯系统nuclear fuel核燃料nuclear submarine原子能潜水艇solar collector(furnace)太阳能收集器solar cell太阳 (能) 电池synthetics n.合成物counterpart对应的物或人synthetic resin n. 合成树脂synthetic rubber人造橡胶genetic engineering遗传工程 (学)DNA n.脱氧核糖核酸organ transplanting器官移植artificial insemination n. [生物]人工受孕clone n.无性繁殖,克隆10.medicine 医学medicine n. 药,医学,内科medicinal a. 医学的,药的,有益的medicinal herb草药medical a.医学的medical care药疗medical treatment药疗medical examination体格检查medical checkup体格检查medical certificate医生证明medical apparatus医疗器械medical instruments医疗器械medication(medicine;drug)药物tablet n.药片pill n.药丸capsule n.胶囊,瓶帽,太空舱remedy n. 药物,治疗法therapy n.疗法injection n.注射,注入anesthetic n. 麻醉剂narcotic n. 麻醉药,镇静剂 a. 麻醉的,催眠的hypnosis n. 催眠状态；催眠术surgery n.外科手术antibiotic n.\a.抗生素；抗菌的antiviral抗病毒药antitumor drug抗肿瘤药；抗癌药sulfa磺胺类药analgesic n. 镇痛剂，adj. 止痛的pain-killer n. 镇痛剂tranquilizer镇静剂；安定药; 安神药opiate n.镇静剂；麻醉药；安眠药，鸦片制剂contraceptive避孕药tonic n.补药 a.补品的lotion药水ointment n.药膏；油膏elixir n. 长生不老药，仙丹妙药panacea n.万灵药cure-all n. 万灵药euthanasia n. 安乐死administer服用（药物）potency n. 药力efficacy n.药力；功效,效力physician n.内科医生surgeon n.外科医师pediatrician n. 小儿科医师dentist n.牙科医生dental surgeon n.牙科医生gerontologist n. 老龄病医生dietician n. = dietitian，营养学家therapist n.治疗师，理疗师radiologist n.放射科医生anesthetist n. 麻醉师pharmacist n.药剂师druggist n. 药商,药材商,药剂师practitioner n.（私人）开业医生veterinarian n. 兽医diagnosis n.诊断prescription n.药方,处方dispensary n.药房pharmacy n.药房,药剂学emergency n.急救first aid a.急救的 n.急救ailing(ill;sick)生病contract染病afflict vt.使受(疾病）之苦symptom n.症状;征兆coma n. 昏迷状态unconsciousness n.昏厥；无意识,意识不清,人事不省faint vi.昏倒 a.微弱的,无力的indigestion n.消化不良nauseate v. 使作呕，使厌恶vomit vt.呕吐diarrhea n.腹泻injury(cut;wound)受伤bruise n.青肿,伤痕,擦伤hemorrhage n. 出血bleeding a.出血的，流血的disabled adj.残废的handicapped adj. 残障的deformity n.畸形malformation n. 难看,畸形misshape vt. 使造型不佳,弄成畸形cripple n.跛子,残废的人limp a.软的；无精神的，无生气的vi.蹒跚,跛行lame a.跛的,瘸的myopia n. 近视，缺乏远见nearsightedness n. 近视眼levophobia恐左症incurable(fatal)无法治愈的; 致命的leukemia白血病AIDS n.艾滋病，即获得性免疫缺损综合症syphillis梅毒cancer n.癌,癌症carcinogen n. 致癌物质benign adj.良性的；和蔼的；温和的malignant adj.恶性的；恶毒的；恶意的epidemic adj.传染性的,流行性的endemic adj. 地方流行的（病）incidence n.发病率；影响范围,发生toll n.伤亡，死亡influenza n.流行感冒flu n. 流感measles n. 麻疹malaria n.疟疾cholera n. 霍乱cholera n. 霍乱yellow fever黄热病infectious a.传染的,感染性的contagious a.（接触）传染的contaminate vt.弄脏,毒害,传染inflammation n.炎症；怒火,发火,燃烧,发炎microorganism n. 微生物,微小动植物germ n.微生物,细菌,幼芽bacteria n.细菌virus n.病毒susceptible a.易患（某种）病；易受影响的;敏感的chicken pox『医』水痘mumps n.腮腺炎tuberculosis n.肺结核hepatitis n. 肝炎polio n. (口语)小儿麻痹症；脊髓灰质炎schistosomiasis n. 血吸虫病snail fever n. 血吸虫病noninfectious非感染性cardiovascular a.(病等)心血管的hypertension n. 高血压,过度紧张high blood pressure高血压heart attack『医』心脏病发作,心脏麻痹stroke vt.打,击;抚摩n.敲击；中风；抚摸electrocardiograph心电图arthritis n.关节炎rheumatism n.[医]风湿diabetes n.糖尿病bronchitis n. 支气管炎anemia n. 贫血，贫血症insomnia n. 失眠症obesity n.肥胖症allergy n. 过敏症，厌恶asthma n. 哮喘症appendicitis n. 阑尾炎,盲肠炎chronic a.慢性的,习惯性的 n.慢性病患者acute a.急性hygiene n. 卫生；保健学sanitary a.清洁的；保健的；卫生的inspect vt.检查,审查,检阅immunization n. 免疫vaccination n. 预防注射，种痘；疫苗complication n.复杂,混乱,并发症incubator n.（婴儿）恒温箱；孵化器11.physiology 生理学physiology n.生理学physiologist n. 生理学家anatomy n.人体结构；解剖学autopsy n. 验尸，解剖，实地调查dissect v.解剖scalpel n.解剖刀，(外科用)小刀cell n.细胞,小房间tissue n.薄绢,薄纸巾;组织organ n.器官;机构;风琴organ system器官系统digestive system n. 消化系统ingest v.摄取；吸收（食物）saliva n.唾液intestine n.肠small intestine小肠large intestine『解剖』大肠abdomen n．腹，下腹（胸部到腿部的部份）anus n. 肛门excrete v.排泄pancreas n. 胰腺bile n. 胆汁gallbladder n.胆囊skeletal system骨骼系统skeleton n.骨骼,骨架;骷髅skull n.头盖骨,脑壳rib n.肋骨spine n.脊椎muscular system肌肉系统muscle n.肌肉；力量muscle fiber肌肉纤维voluntary muscle随意肌；横纹肌involuntary muscle平滑肌contract n.契约,合同cramp n. 铁箍,夹子respiratory system呼吸系统nostril n. 鼻孔windpipe n. 气管,嗓门lung n.肺exhale v.呼气inhale vt.吸入pulmonary adj. 肺的，对肺有影响的 circulatory system『生理』循环系统cardiology n. 心脏病学arteriosclerosis n. 动脉硬化blood vessel血管artery n.动脉,要道vein n.静脉,血管capillary n. 毛细管 a. 毛状的,毛细管的plasma n.血浆liver n.肝脏metabolism n.新陈代谢urinary system泌尿系统urinary bladder n. [解]膀胱kidney n.肾,腰子,性格nephron n. 『解』肾元,肾单位reproductive system生殖系统reproduction n.生殖puberty n. 发育期；青春期，春情发动期 egg n.蛋,卵sperm n.[生]精液；精子，精虫uterus n. 子宫womb n.子宫fertilize v.使肥沃chromosome n. 染色体pregnant a.怀孕的;意义深长的gene n. 基因,因子embryo n. 胚胎fetus n. 胎儿insemination n. 播种,受胎,授精endocrine system内分泌系统gland n.腺体hormone n. 荷尔蒙，激素secrete vt.分泌；隐藏nervous system『解』神经系统central nervous system中枢神经系统neuron n. 『解剖』神经元reflex n.条件反射neuroscience n. 神经系统科学((任何一门关于神经系统的科学, neurobiology n. 『医』神经生物学12.food 食品food n.食品foodstuff n.食品，粮食food chain『生态』食物链health food健康 [保健] 食品green foodstuff绿色食品convenience food速食 [便利] 食品edible a.可食用的 n.食品,食物inedible a. 不适于食用的,不能吃的diet n.日常饮食dietary a.饮食的FDA Food and Drug Administrationvegetarian n.素食者cereal n.谷类,五谷,禾谷grain n.谷物,谷粒,颗粒flour n.面粉,粉末bread n.面包pastry n.糕点,点心pista面条类食品yeast n.酵母leaven n. 发酵剂，影响力 v. 发酵ferment v.发酵fruit n. 水果,果类,结果salad n.色拉meat n.荤食；肉beef n.牛肉steak n. 肉排,牛排ground beef绞牛肉；牛肉酱hamburger n.汉堡包pork n.猪肉mutton n. 羊肉poultry n.[总称]家禽dairy n.牛奶场,乳制品butter n.黄油,奶油cheese n.乳酪,干酪cream n.奶油ice cream冰淇淋yogurt n.酸奶酪nutrient a. 营养的,滋养的 n. 营养物,滋养物；营养成分carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物glucose n. 葡萄糖fructose n. 果糖maltose n. 麦芽糖starch n.淀粉fat a.肥胖的 n.脂肪,肥肉fat-free a.不含脂肪的protein n.蛋白质vitamin n.维生素calorie n.卡路里nourishing a. 有营养的,滋养多的nutritious a.有营养的malnourished a. 营养失调的,营养不良的nutrition n.营养process加工raw a.生的；未加工的preserve vt.保存additive n.添加剂packaging n. 包装vacuum packing真空包装restaurant n.餐馆,饭店coffee shop n. 咖啡店(=coffee house)cafeteria n. 自助餐厅menu n.菜单bar n.酒吧间,条,杆beverage n.饮料wine n.葡萄酒liquor n.烈性酒alcoholic adj.酒的，含酒精的non-alcoholic不含酒精的；不喝酒的meal n.一餐；粗磨粉oatmeal n. 燕麦片,燕麦粥buffet n.饮食柜台；餐台egg n.蛋,卵fried egg(sunny-side up;over)荷包蛋（单煎一面；煎两面）scrambled egg炒鸡蛋poached egg n.水煮荷包蛋ham and eggs n. 火腿蛋bacon n. 熏猪肉,培根肉sausage n.香肠,腊肠appetizer n.开胃品course n.课程,过程,一道菜dessert n.甜点refreshments n. 点心；茶点banquet n.宴会,盛会,酒席cuisine n. 烹饪recipe n.菜谱;处方spice n.香料,调味品seasoning n.调味品spread涂抹食品的酱dressing填馅；调料bake vt.烤,烘,烧硬roast vt.烤,炙,烘barbecue n.烤肉，野餐broil v.烧；烤grill v.烤,烤问,n.烤架toast vt.烘，烤（面包）n.祝酒,祝酒词；烤面包stew vt.炖；焖simmer v.煨, 炖gourmet n.美食家connoisseur n. 鉴赏家，行家。
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托福分类词汇表（共17类863个常用单词）一、psychology 心理1.mental 心理的2.physical 身体的，物质的，物理的3.spiritual 心灵的4.conformity 从众5.majority 多数人6.minority 少数人7.threshold judgment （心理学）初始性判断8.subject 受实验对象9.心理学psychology10.心理现象mental phenomenon11.心理过程mental process12.心理状态mental state13.心理活动mental activity14.意识consciousness15.内部活动internal activity16.普通心理学general psychology17.实验心理学experimental psychology18.行为科学behavioral science19.心身关系mind-body relation20.遗传heredity21.活动理论activity theory22.中央处理器模型central processor model23.信息储存information storage24.人工智能artificial intelligence, AI25.计算机类比computer analogy26.计算机模拟computer simulation27.计算机模型computer model28.测谎器lie detector29.预期误差anticipation error30.正误法method of right and wrong cases31.反应response32.访谈法interview method33.问卷法questionnaire34.表情法method of expression35.提示法anticipation method36.视觉vision37.瞳孔pupil38.可见光visible light39.颜色匹配color matching40.颜色对比color contrast41.颜色混合color mixture42.加色混合additive color mixture43.色弱color weakness44.红色弱red weakness45.色盲color blindness46.红色盲red blindness47.蓝黄色盲blue-yellow blindness48.内耳inner ear49.中耳middle ear50.反映reflection二、geography地理1.geography 地理2.geographer 地理学家3.hemisphere 半球4.meridian 子午线，经线5.parallel 平行圈，纬线titude 经度7.longitude 精度8.elevation 海拔9.altitude 高度10.temperate latitudes 温带地区11.horizon 地平线12.equator 赤道13.tropics 热带地区14.Arctic 北极15.Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极16.expedition 探险17.time zone 时区18.topography 地形，地形学19.plain 平原20.plateau (highland) 高地21.lowland 低地22.basin 盆地23.cavern (cave) 洞穴24.terrain 地域25.subterranean ( underground) 地底下26.coastland 沿海地区27.island 岛屿28.continental island 大陆岛29.volcanic island 火山岛30.coral island 珊瑚岛31.islet 小岛32.peninsular 半岛33.continent 大陆34.continental shelf 大陆架35.ranges 山脉36.valley 峡谷37.canyon 峡谷38.channel (strait) 海峡39.remote-sensing 遥感的40.terrestrial 地球的，陆地的41.terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热42.terrestrial magnetism (geomagnetism) 地磁43.continental drift 大陆漂移学说44.sea-floor spreading 海床扩展45.evaporation 蒸发46.salinity 含盐度47.ocean bottom 海床48.sediment 沉淀物，沉积物49.tropical 热带的50.temperate 温带的51.frigid 寒带的52.formation 形成53.frost heaving 冻胀现象54.fieldstone 卵石三、geology地质学1.geologist 地质学家2.crust 地壳3.mantle 地幔4.core 地核5.continental crust 大陆地壳6.oceanic crust 海洋地壳yer (stratum, 复数 strata) 地层8.plate 板块9.fault 断层10.fault plane 断层面11.fault zone 断层带12.rift (crack; split) 断裂13.disintegration (decomposition) 分解14.erosion 腐蚀15.fossil 化石16.igneous rock 火成岩17.sedimentary rock 沉积岩18.metamorphic rock 变质岩19.quartz 石英20.limestone 石灰岩21.marble 大理石22.granite 花岗岩23.lithogenous 岩成的24.lithosphere 岩石圈25.magma 岩浆26.mineral 矿物27.ore 矿石28.deposit 矿床29.platinum 白金，铂30.silver 银31.copper 黄铜32.aluminum 铝33.tin 锡34.lead 铅35.zinc 锌36.nickel 镍37.mercury 汞，水银38.sodium 钠39.gem 宝石40.diamond 钻石41.emerald 绿宝石42.ruby 红宝石43.glacier 冰川44.glacial 冰川的45.glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期46.glacial drift 冰渍47.iceberg 冰山48.volcano 火山49.active volcano 活火山50.extinct volcano 死火山51.dormant volcano 休眠火山52.eruption 火山喷发53.crater 火山口va 火山岩浆55.volcanic 火山的56.volcanic dust 火山尘57.volcanic ash 火山灰58.earthquake ( quake; tremor; seism) 地震59.seismic 地震的60.seismology 地震学61.magnitude 震级62.seismic wave 地震波63.cataclysm 灾变四、anthropologist人类学家1.paleoanthropologist 古人类学家2.ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家3.psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家4.origin 起源5.originate 起源于6.ancestor 祖先7.hominid 人（科）8.homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的9.tribe 部落10.clan 氏族11.archeologist 考古学家12.excavation 挖掘13.excavate (unearth) 挖掘14.ruins 遗迹，废墟15.remains 遗迹，遗骸16.artifact 手工艺品17.relic 遗物，文物18.antique 古物，古董19.antiquity 古代，古老20.Stone Age 石器时代21.Bronze Age （青）铜器时代22.Iron Age 铁器时代23.Paleolithic 旧石器时代的24.Mesolithic 中石器时代的25.Neolithic 新石器时代的26.archaeology 考古学27.anthropology 人类学28.morphology 形态学29.skull 颅骨30.cranial 颅骨的五、ecology生态学1.ecologist 生态学家2.ecosystem 生态系统3.balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡4.fauna 动物群5.flora 植物群6.rain forest 雨林7.food chain 食物链8.acid rain 酸雨9.greenhouse effect 温室效应10.infrared radiation 红外线辐射11.ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层12.ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射13.pollution 污染14.pollution control 污染控制15.air pollution 空气污染16.water pollution 水污染17.noise pollution 噪音污染18.soil pollution 土壤污染19.pollution-free 无污染20.pollutant 污染物21.noxious (toxic) 有毒的22.fumes （有毒）废气23.waste 废物24.solid waste 固体垃圾25.sewage (wastewater) 污水26.sewage purification 污水净化27.sewage disposal 污水处理28.decibel （噪音）分贝六、meteorology气象1.meteorology 气象2.meteorologist 气象学家3.forecast (predict) 预报4.climate 气候5.atmosphere 大气层6.troposphere 对流层7.current （气）流8.vapor 蒸汽9.evaporate 蒸发10.damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的11.humidity 湿度12.moisture 潮湿；水分13.saturate 饱和14.dew 露15.frost 霜16.fog (mist) 雾17.smog 烟雾18.droplet 小水珠19.condense 浓缩20.crystal 水晶体21.downpour (torrential rain) 大雨22.tempest (storm) 暴风雨23.drizzle 细雨24.shower 阵雨25.hail 冰雹26.blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪27.avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩28.precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水29.breeze 微风30.gale 大风31.whirlwind 旋风32.typhoon 台风33.hurricane 飓风34.tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风35.funnel 漏斗，漏斗云36.disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难37.devastation 破坏38.submerge 淹没39.drought 旱灾七、chemistry化学1.chemical property 化学特性，化学性质2.chemical composition ( makeup ) 化学成分3.chemical agent 化学试剂4.chemical reaction 化学反应5.chemical change 化学变化6.chemical bond 化学键7.chemical apparatus 化学器械8.substance (matter; material) 物质9.element 元素10.periodic table 周期表11.hydrogen 氢12.oxygen 氧13.nitrogen 氮14.helium 氦15.carbon 碳16.calcium 钙17.silicon 硅18.sulfur 硫19.iodine 碘pound 化合物21.hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物22.derivative 衍生物23.alchemy 炼金术24.petroleum (oil) 石油25.petroleum products 石油产品26.crude oil 原油27.refine 提炼，精炼28.gasoline 汽油29.methane 甲烷30.solution 溶液31.dissolve 溶解32.solvent 溶剂33.solubility 可溶性34.cohesive 聚合力35.adhesive 粘合力36.atom 原子37.nucleus 原子核38.electron 电子39.neutron 中子40.proton 质子41.molecule 分子42.particle 粒子43.ion 离子44.particle accelerator 粒子加速器45.catalysis （复数 catalyses ）催化作用46.catalyst 催化剂47.artificial 人造的48.synthetic 合成的49.synthetic fiber 人造纤维50.polymer 聚合物51.polymerization 聚合作用52.plastic 塑料53.dye 染料54.cosmetics 化妆品八、physics物理1.physics 物理2.mechanics 力学3.thermodynamics 热力学4.acoustics 声学5.electromagnetism 电磁学6.optics 光学7.dynamics 动力学8.force 力9.velocity 速度10.acceleration 加速度11.equilibrium 平衡12.statics 静力学13.motion 运动14.inertia 惯性15.gravitation 引力16.relativity 相对17.gravity 地心引力18.vibration 震动19.medium (media) 媒质20.frequency 频率21.wavelength 波长22.pitch 音高23.intensity 强度24.echo 回声25.resonance 回声，洪亮26.sonar 声纳27.ultrasonics 超声学28.electricity 电29.static electricity 静电30.magnetism 磁性，磁力31.magnet 磁体32.electromagnet 电磁33.magnetic field 磁场34.electric current 电流35.direct current (DC) 直流电36.alternating current (AC) 交流电37.electric circuit 电路38.electric charge 电荷39.electric voltage 电压40.electric shock 触电41.electric appliance 电器42.conductor 导体43.insulator 绝缘体44.semiconductor 半导体45.battery (cell) 电池46.dry battery 干电池47.storage battery 蓄电池48.electronics 电子学49.electronic 电子的50.electronic component (part) 电子零件51.integrated circuit 集成电路52.chip 集成电器片，集成块53.electron tube 电子管54.vacuum tube 真空管55.transistor 晶体管56.amplification ( 名词 ) 放大57.amplify （动词）放大58.amplifier 放大器，扬声器59.oscillation 震荡60.optical 光（学）的61.optical fiber 光学纤维62.lens 透镜，镜片63.convex 凸透镜64.concave 凹透镜65.microscope 显微镜66.telescope 望远镜67.magnifier 放大镜68.spectrum 光谱69.ultraviolet 紫外线70.X rays X 射线71.Gamma rays γ 射线72.infrared rays 红外线73.microwaves 微波74.dispersion 色散75.transparent 透明76.translucent 半透明77.opaque 不透明的九、mathematics1.mathematics 数学2.mathematician 数学家3.arithmetic 算术4.calculation 计算5.calculator 计算器6.abacus 算盘7.numeral 数字8.sum 和9.total (sum total) 总和，总数10.aggregate 总计11.fraction 分数，小数12.decimal 十进位，（十进）小数13.digit 数字，数位14.percentage 百分比15.addition 加法16.plus 加上17.subtraction 减法18.minus 减去19.multiplication 乘法20.multiplication table 乘法表21.multiply 乘以22.times 乘以23.power 乘方24.square 平方25.division 除法26.divide 除以27.algebra 代数28.quantity 表示量的数（或符号）29.equation 方程式，等式30.formula 公式31.root 根32.geometry 几何33.geometric 几何的34.dimension 维35.parallel adj. 平行的 n. 平行线36.quadrilateral 四边形37.square 正方形38.area 面积39.rectangle 长方形，矩形40.polygon 多边形41.cube 立方形42.volume 体积43.sphere 球形44.circle 圆形45.ellipse (oval) 椭圆形46.cone 圆锥形47.circumference 圆周48.diameter 直径49.radius 半径50.triangle 三角形51.angle 角52.degree ( 角 ) 度53.calculus 微积分54.differential calculus 微分学55.integral calculus 积分学56.function 函数57.probability 概率58.statistics 统计59.quantitative 量的，数量的60.qualitative 质的，质量的61.deduction (inference) 推论，演绎62.induction 归纳十、agriculture农业1.agriculture (farming) 农业2.agricultural 农业的nd (soil) 土壤；土地4.soil conservation 土壤保护5.soil erosion 泥土流失6.silt 粉砂，泥沙7.clay 黏土，湿土8.clod 土块9.agrarian 土地的，农业的10.pilot (experimental ) 试验性的11.harrow( rake) 耙，耙土12.ridge 田埂13.furrow 犁沟14.plot （ patch ）小块地15.ranch 农场，牧场16.plantation 种植园17.orchard 果园18.nursery 苗圃19.seedbed 苗床20.sickle 镰刀21.spade 铲，锹22.shovel ( 平头 ) 铲23.pick 稿24.tractor 拖拉机25.cultivate (till) 耕作26.sow(seed) 播种27.harvest 收割28.weed 除草29.irrigate 灌溉30.manure(fertilizer) 肥料31.spray 喷洒（农药）32.insecticide(pesticide) 杀虫剂33.pest 害虫34.rust 锈病35.grain (cereal) 谷物，谷粒36.granary(grain store) 粮仓l 碾，磨38.wheat 小麦39.corn 玉米40.rice 大米41.barley 大麦42.sorghum 高粱43.oats 燕麦44.rye 黑麦let 粟，小米46.vegetable 蔬菜47.horticulture 园艺学48.hydroponics 水栽法，营养液栽培法49.greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室50.cabbage 洋白菜51.lettuce 生菜52.mustard 芥菜53.spinach 菠菜54.broccoli 花椰菜55.cucumber 黄瓜56.eggplant 茄子57.pepper 辣椒58.pumpkin 南瓜59.tomato 西红柿60.beet 甜菜61.carrot 胡萝卜62.radish 小红萝卜63.pea 豌豆64.soybean 大豆65.celery 芹菜66.garlic 大蒜67.leek 韭菜68.onion 洋葱头69.potato 土豆70.peanut 花生71.sesame 芝麻72.cotton 棉花73.husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业74.pasture 牧场75.livestock 家畜76.fowl (poultry) 家禽77.cattle 牛，家畜78.buffalo 野牛79.dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛80.dairy farm 乳牛场81.hay （作饲料用）干草82.haystack 干草堆83.fodder (feed) 饲料84.trough 饲料槽85.barn(shed) 牲口槽86.stable 厩，马厩87.cowshed 牛棚88.pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈89.sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏90.roost (hen house) 鸡舍91.fish farm 养鱼场92.aquaculture 水产养殖十一、animal动物1.Darvinism 达尔文学说2.natural selection 自然选择3.class 纲4.order 目5.family 科6.genus 属7.suborder 亚目8.species 种9.invertebrate 无脊椎动物10.vertebrate 脊椎动物11.aquatic( life) 水生动物12.reptile 爬行动物13.amphibian (amphibious animal) 两栖动物14.dinosaur 恐龙15.bird 鸟类16.extinction 灭绝17.mammal 哺乳动物18.primates 灵长目动物19.insect 昆虫20.antenna ( 复数 antennae) 触须rva 幼虫，幼体22.camouflage 伪装23.pest 害虫24.worm 虫，蠕虫25.hibernate 冬眠26.lizard 蜥蜴27.chameleon 变色蜥蜴28.regeneration 再生29.turtle 龟30.beast 野兽31.domesticate 驯养32.predatory (carnivorous ) 食肉的33.predator 捕食者34.prey （动词）捕食（名词）被捕食的动物35.scavenger 食腐动物36.migrate 迁移37.wing 翅膀，翼38.bill （鸟）嘴39.beak （鹰等的）嘴40.nest 筑巢41.dolphin 海豚42.whale 鲸鱼43.bat 蝙蝠44.gorilla 大猩猩45.chimpanzee 黑猩猩46.habitat 栖息地47.rodent 啮齿动物（如松鼠）48.primate 灵长动物49.plankton 浮游生物50.mollusk 软体动物51.coelenterate 腔肠动物（如珊瑚）52.shrimp 小虾53.prawn 对虾54.lobster 对虾55.crab 螃蟹56.clam 蛤蜊57.sponge 海绵58.coral 珊瑚59.starfish 海星60.canary 金丝雀61.chirp ( 鸟，虫的叫声 ) 唧唧62.squeak （老鼠等）吱吱63.porpoise 海豚64.sloth 树懒65.slothful 懒惰的66.hygiene 卫生67.sanitation 卫生68.parasite 寄生虫69.moth 蛾70.caterpillar 毛虫71.hordes ( 昆虫等 ) 群72.swarms ( 昆虫等 ) 群73.flock （鸟，羊等）群munity 动物的群落或人的部落75.herd 兽群76.bunch （花等）束，捧77.beaver 海狸78.monogamous 一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的79.polygamous 一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的80.polyandrous 一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的81.trapper 诱捕动物者82.rhinoceros 犀牛83.niche 小生态环境84.vestige 退化器官，遗迹85.oyster 牡蛎86.fertilizer 使… 受精rvae 幼虫88.tentacle 触角89.homotherm 恒温动物90.poikilotherm 变温动物91.metabolism 新陈代谢92.baboon 狒狒93.breed ( 名词 ) 品种，（动词）繁殖94.multiply （ reproduce ）繁殖95.hatch 孵96.spawn ( 鱼、虾、蛙等 ) 孵97.offspring (young) 解剖学98.anatomy 解剖学99.appetite 食欲100.creature 生物101.microbe 微生物102.herbivorous 食草的103.carnivorous 食肉的104.omnivorous 杂事的十二、plant植物1.botany 植物学2.botanist 植物学家3.botanical (botanic) 植物的4.plant 植物5.aquatic plant 水生植物6.parasite plant 寄生植物7.root 根8.canopy 树冠层，顶棚9.foliage (leaf) 叶10.leaflet 小叶11.rosette ( 叶的 ) 丛生12.stem 茎13.stalk 杆14.leafstalk 叶柄15.shoot (sprout ) 嫩芽，抽枝16.flower 花17.bud 花蕾18.petal 花瓣19.peel(skin) 果皮20.shell ( 硬 ) 果壳21.husk （干）果壳；（玉米）苞叶22.trunk 树干23.branch 树枝24.bough 大或者粗的树枝25.twig 小树枝26.bark 树皮27.jungle 丛林wn 草坪29.meadow 草地，牧场30.prairie 大草原31.shrub (bush) 灌木32.cluster 一簇（灌木）33.fern 蕨类植物34.herb 草35.photosynthesis 光合作用36.symbiosis 共生37.wither (shrivel, fade) 凋谢38.pollen 花粉39.pollinate 传授花粉40.pollination 授粉41.cell 细胞42.tissue 组织an 器官44.system 系统45.seeds 种子46.everlasting 永久的47.orchid 兰花48.pollinate 授粉49.crossbreed 杂交50.shrub 灌木51.sequoia 红杉52.root pressure 根压53.cohesion-tension 凝聚压力54.bore 腔，肠55.column 花柱56.symbiotic 共生的57.immunity 免疫anism 生物，有机物59.necrosis 坏死60.barren 贫瘠61.futile 无用的62.carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物（淀粉），糖类63.glucose 葡萄糖64.starch 淀粉65.fat 脂肪66.protein 蛋白质67.vitamin 维他命68.calorie 卡路里（热量单位）69.malnourished 营养不良的70.nutrition 营养十三、politics政治1.constitution 宪法2.legislation 立法3.Democrats 民主党4.Republicans 共和党5.Amendment 修正案6.Congress 美国国会7.Senate 参议院8.House of Representatives 众议院9.monarchy 君主制10.anarchism 无政府主义11.federal system 联邦制12.presidential system 总统制13.municipal 市的，市政的14.metropolitan 大都市的15.centralized 中央集权的16.ideology 意识形态17.maneuver 擦略18.tariff 关税19.immigrant 移民20.institutionalize 机构化21.election 选举22.vote 投票23.officeholding 任职24.veto 否决25.American Revolution 美国革命 / 独立战争26.Independence War 美国独立战争27.American Civil War 美国内战28.radical 激进的 , 根本的29.overturning 颠覆性的30.independent 独立的31.breathtaking 激动人心的itary 军事的33.colonize 拓殖，殖民34.per capita 人均35.treason 叛国36.conspiracy 阴谋37.imprisonment 监禁38.release 释放39.pardon 特赦40.accusation 谴责，指控41.welfare 福利42.patronage 资助，赞助43.unionization 联合，结合十四、education教育cator 教育家2.higher education 高等教育3.moral character 道德品质4.domain 领域5.faculty 全体教员6.alumni 校友7.treasurer 生活委员，财务大臣8.elective system 选课制度9.curriculum 课程（总称）10.discipline 学科，管理11.learn by rote 死记硬背十五、music音乐1.musical instrument 乐器2.orchestra 乐队3.string 弦乐4.wind 管乐5.shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓6.pound drum 击鼓7.footbeat 点脚，跺脚8.percussion 震荡，打击乐器9.note 音符10.score 乐谱11.movement 乐章12.fanatical 狂热的13.hillbilly music 乡村音乐14.folk music 民间音乐15.pop music 流行音乐16.classical music 古典音乐17.Jazz 爵士乐十六、astronomy天文1.astronomy 天文学2.astronomical 天文的3.astronomical observatory 天文台4.astronomer 天文学家5.astrophysics 天文物理学6.astrology 占星学7.pseudoscience 伪科学8.cosmos(universe) 宇宙9.cosmology 宇宙学10.infinite 无限的11.cosmic 宇宙的12.cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射13.cosmic rays 宇宙射线14.celestial 天的15.celestial body (heavenly body) 天体16.celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图17.celestial sphere 天球18.dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星19.quasar 类星体，类星射电源20.constellation 星座21.galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系22.cluster 星团23.solar system 太阳系24.solar corona 日冕25.solar eclipse 日食26.solar radiation 太阳辐射27.planet 行星28.planetoid (asteroid) 小行星29.revolve 旋转，绕转30.twinkle 闪烁31.naked eye 肉眼32.Mercury 水星33.Venus 金星34.Earth 地球35.Mars 火星36.Jupiter 木星37.Saturn 土星38.Uranus 天王星39.Neptune 海王星40.Pluto 冥王星41.orbit 轨道42.spin 旋转43.satellite 卫星44.lunar 月球的45.meteor 流星46.meteor shower 流星雨47.meteoroid 流星体48.meteorite 陨石et 彗星50.space (outer space) 太空，外层空间51.spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船52.spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员53.space suit 宇航服，航天服54.space shuttle 航天飞机55.space telescope 空间望远镜56.astronaut 宇航员57.star 恒星58.stellar 恒星的59.intergalactic 星系间的60.interstellar 恒星间的61.interplanetary 行星间的62.asteroid 小行星63.nebula 星云64.space debris 太空垃圾65.ammonia 氨66.corona 日冕67.chromosphere 色球68.photosphere 色球层69.convection zone 对流层70.vacuum 真空71.infrared ray 红外线72.chondrite 球粒73.absolute magnitude 绝对量级74.radiation 辐射75.emission 发射，散发76.high-resolution 高清晰度77.interferometer 干扰仪十七、people人物1.artist 艺术家2.choreographer 舞蹈编排家3.critic 批评家4.satirist 讽刺作家5.inventor 发明家6.biographer 自传作家7.sculptor 雕塑家8.feminist 女权主义者9.humanitarian 人道主义者10.imagist 意象派诗人11.philanthropist 慈善家12.proprietor 业主13.mortal 犯人14.precursor 先驱15.figurehead 名誉领袖16.disciple 学徒17.apprentice 学徒18.mechanic 机械工19.minimalist 简单抽象派艺术20.avant-garde 前卫派21.territory 领域22.genre 风格，体裁23.eccentric 古怪的24.odd 怪诞的，奇数的25.erratic 奇怪的26.weird 怪异的，不可思议的27.unique 独一无二的28.romantic 浪漫的29.innocent 天真的，无罪的30.lovelorn 相思病苦的31.emotional 情绪的，情感的32.sentimental 感伤的，多愁善感的33.cheerless 无精打采的，无生命力的34.patriarchal 家长的，族长的35.rigid 僵化的36.spare 简朴的37.clumsy 笨拙的38.nervous 紧张的39.zigzag 曲折的40.contemporary 当代的41.acclaimed 受欢迎的42.preeminent 杰出的43.outstanding 杰出的44.versatile ( 人 ) 多才多艺的，（物体）多功能的45.household 家庭的，家喻户晓的46.genuine 真正的47.authentic 逼真的48.symbolic 象征性的49.immortal 不朽的，神50.nostalgia 怀旧主义，思乡51.emotive 感人的52.prodigious 巨大的53.classic 经典的54.posthumous 死后的。