考研英语阅读精读真题精选
考研英语阅读理解精读80篇
第三部分：阅读理解（每小题 2 分，满分40 分）（A）Nine years ago, after Leo had died, people said to me, "I never knew he was your stepfather." You see, I never called him that. At first, he was no one special in my life. Then he became my friend. In time, I felt he was also my father.Leo married my mother when I was eleven. Two years later we moved into a house in a new suburban（郊区的）development, where we put down roots. At first our lawn （草坪） was just a pile of mud with wild grass, but Leo saw bright possibilities. "We'll plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers," he said. And just these little touches made our house different from all the others. More important, a real family was forming within this house, with its own special traditions. Leo was becoming a fulltime parent, and I was learning what it meant to have a father.Weekday mornings when the weather was bad, Leo often drove me to school. Having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but I always thought it was wonderful. Saturday mornings, we went to the hardware（五金）shop, then stepped into the five and ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. Some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but I, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other families do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. Looking back, I realized that Leo gave me what I needed most, the experience of doing ordinary things together as a family.Soon after we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself to me. She had already met my mother and Leo. "You know," she said, "you look just like your father." I knew she was just making conversation but even so... "Thank you", I said. Why tell her anything different?56. The writer's purpose in writing this passage is _____ .A. to share her unforgettable experiencesB. to show how interesting a person Leo wasC. to remind us of our parentsD. to explain why they moved to the suburbs57. Which of the following can be used in place of "put down roots"?A. Settled.B. Planted.C. Farmed.D. Worked.58. In the writer's opinion, _____ .A. it is not easy for stepfamilies to live togetherB. not all the stepfathers are as good as LeoC. the husband and wife must think more about their children before they divorce（离婚）D. in stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious59. When he said "Why tell her anything different", the writer meant that ____ .A. he should have told her the truthB. he wouldn't tell her the truthC. he wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with LeoD. he'd like to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors（B）The modern Olympic Games were founded with the intention of improving health and education, promoting world peace, and encouraging fair and equal competition. But over the years, the Olympic saying, "faster, higher, stronger", has pushed scientists as well as athletes to do everything possible to reach new levels.Doctors, engineers and coaches all use everything science has to offer to achieve that little bit extra in competition. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is very simple: winning is just as important as it was 2,500 years ago at the Olympics of ancient Greece. Developments in technology have often been reflected in the methods of training and performance at the Olympics through history. This technology falls into two main groups: improving an athlete's performance in competition, and allowing results to be measured more accurately.One of the creations that has drawn the most attention is the new high-tech swimsuit from Speedo, which was used by many US swimmers in Athens. Until Sydney 2000, it was thought that the smaller the swimsuit, the faster the swimmer would travel."However, the fact that at the Sydney Olympics, 28 of the 33 gold medalists were wearing the body covering Fastskin suit proved the theory was out of date," said Andy Thomas, vice-president of Speedo.The company's full body suit is supposed to make swimmers 3 to 4 percent faster, particularly when turning or diving into the water. It is believed that the suit creates less water resistance as it moves, behaving more like a shark skin than a human skin.The introduction of high-tech equipment means that athletes in all sports, from the 100-metre sprint to the pole vault, can now train more effectively.Meanwhile, scientific development also means performances can be measured and studied more accurately. Not only are winning times more accurately recorded, but cheating athletes are easier to catch out. Athens 2004 organizers promised to use only the very latest equipment to measure distance and speed.60. Which is not the first aims of the modern Olympic Games?A. Improving health and education.B. Promoting world peace.C. Encouraging fair and equal competition.D. Winning medals.61. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is that people ___ .A. make every effort to win medalsB. do their best to invent new sports equipmentC. try to test their abilitiesD. want to improve their condition of competition62. From the passage we know ___ .A. before the Sydney Olympics people thought the less the swimmers wore, the faster they swamB. at the Sydney Olympics among 33 swimming and diving gold medalists, 28 wore the full body suit made by SpeedoC. people think the body covering swimsuit is not popularD. it is believed that the new high-tech suit creates no water resistance as it moves63. In the passage it mentions that high technology is involved in ____ aspects.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4(C)"Life is speeding up. Everyone is getting unwell."This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it.We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can change our lives.But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives?Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, the noise from the television is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. How calm and happy do you feel?Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives.One family in the UK went "back in time" to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phones.The grandmother, Lyn, said: "It was hard physically. But not mentally." She believed life was less materialistic （物质的）. "The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes," she said. The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Also Lyn changed from being a "fashionable, beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things."Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!· Don't be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don't check your emails every day.· Make sure you spend some time talking to your family. Set aside one evening a week when you don't turn on the television. Play cards and chat instead.· Get a low-tech hobby. Every day, do something in the old-fashioned way, such as walking to have a face-to-face meeting instead of using the email or telephone.· Don't worry too much about life -- laugh more!64. The passage is mainly about ______ .A. problems with technologyB. improvements of our life with technologyC. the important roles technology plays in our everyday lifeD. major changes which will be likely to happen to technology65. The writer uses the quote（引语） at the beginning of the story to ____ .A. share a truth about lifeB. tell us what life was like long time agoC. make us wonder what causes such a thing to happenD. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same66. Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?A. Because they loved to live simple lives.B. Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions.C. Because they were troubled by modern inventions.D. Because living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them.67. What do you think the underlined word "available" in the 1st suggestion offered by the writer means?A. Busy on time.B. Free.C. Be able to.D. To be found by others.（D）It's great to go on vacation, but it's also nice to come home. Migrating （迁徙） birds seem to feel the same way. Birds such as black-tailed godwits, a migrating bird that can be found in Europe, Asia, North Africa and north Australia, fly south every winter. Then, they return home to spend the summer months with their life long partner.Now, scientists have found, pairs of godwits often return to their summer breeding （繁殖）grounds within three days of each other, even though they spend the entire winter apart. It's as if they arranged the date that they would meet up again.Researchers in England, put coloured leg bands on the birds. Then, they asked birdwatchers around Europe to report by email when and where they saw the birds during the winter.The simplest way for birds to return at the same time would be to spend the winter together. After all, if they're in different places, they can't call each other on the phone and talk about when they'll meet again. But, the survey found that couples usually spent their winters in different countries up to 1, 000 kilometres apart. One male, for example, spent the winter on the coast of Ireland while his mate was in France.These findings are important for protecting the birds, scientists say. Black-tailed godwits live for up to 25 years. They spend their summers in Iceland, where they mate, but they spread all over other parts of Europe in winter. Once a pair mates, there's a 90 per cent chance that they'll return to mate with each other again the next year. So, protection of their wide web of holiday destinations （目的地） is very important.How do the birds arrange their date of return? Unless scientists find their feathered cellphones, that question will remain a mystery.68. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Migrating birds all fly south every winter.B. Migrating birds return home in summer.C. Godwits often fly south in couples every winter.D. Godwits often return home almost at the same time.69. ___________________________________ According to the passage we know that .A. the birds return at the same time because they arrange the date before they partB. the couples don't spend their winters together because they want to live apart for some timeC. the birds use their special feathered cellphones to arrange their dateD. once two birds become a couple they are likely to mate again the next year70. ________________________________ We can infer from the passage that .A. black-tailed godwits are loyal to their matesB. black-tailed godwits return home only to spend their summersC. we know how to find and feed black-tailed godwitsD. we know why couples of godwits usually spend their winters in different places71. Which is the best title?A. How Birds Spend Their WintersB. How Birds Spend Their SummersC. Birds Come Back Home for LoveD. Birds Are to Be Protected(E)Nowadays, more and more lovers are using email to communicate with each other. The result: a new culture of love-letter writing has evolved and is rewriting the rules of how we express our love.Make no mistake: in many cases email love letters significantly resemble their ancestors. The verbal imagery has hardly changed. Experts believe, in fact, that far more people now carry out sweet talk in cyberspace than in the time before email came along. When people use email, everything is more relaxed, and less curious. This helps the sweet words flow.Nicola Doering, a media researcher, emphasizes that for many people contact over email is simpler: "The language is different in traditional letters; people tend to write more like they speak." This means that sometimes less thought goes into an email than a traditional love letter. Emails are more casual. This is obviously encouraging for many people.But for romantic emails, writers reach back to the language of poetry. "Your clear-blue eyes" is typical of the kind of phrase found in love letters. Moreover, at least one traditional symbol between lovers has made an outstanding comeback. Even in the love letters of the 19th century, one often found the letter X as a symbol of a kiss. Many paper love letters would have three X's at the bottom as closing. And this symbol is often used today between lovers in their email messages.In spite of all the technological advancement that email represents, classic love letters on paper still have a special meaning, the experts say. Ink on paper simply affects many people more strongly than lines on a computer screen. It appears more serious, more permanent, as if written for all time.Sometimes people want to have something to touch, a letter that you can hold in your hand is obviously better than an email.But Internet technology is ready to help even those with the courage to write a classic handwritten love letter. What stops many lovers from penning their most romantic thoughts is not a lack of good intentions but an inability to piece together a few sweet lines, says Thomas Neuss, the organizer of one Internet site devoted to romantic letters.72. The author strongly believes that _____ .A. email love letters are more significant than traditional onesB. email love letters are more convenient than traditional onesC. most email love letters copy sweet words from traditional onesD. most email love letters are quite similar to traditional ones73. In the second paragraph, the term "verbal imagery" refers to ___ .A. the oral workB. the sweet wordsC. the verb formD. their ancestor74. Which of the following is NOT the author's opinion on traditional love letters?A. They have a better effect.B. They aren't out of date.C. They are more reliable.D. They are more romantic.75. By showing that the letter X is popular in email love letters, the author intends to tell us .A. many people like using letters to express their loveB. traditional symbol between lovers has been popularC. the romantic expression is also employed in emailsD. the language in email love letters becomes simpler。
考研英语阅读理解精读训练题目及答案解析 UNIT 25
TEXT ONEAptera is certainly not the sort of name an old-school carmaker would give to its newest creation. Biologists will recognise it as the term for scuttling wingless insects—silverfish and suchlike. But Steve Fambro, the boss of the eponymous Californian company that plans to make and sell electric vehicles under this name, hopes they will soon be swarming over the state's highways.Unlike Tesla, another boutique electric-vehicle maker from the Golden State, Aptera is aiming for the bottom end of the market. A Tesla sports car will set you back $98,000 (or it would if you could get your hands on one: Tesla has delayed shipment of its first 50 cars until next year). An Aptera, by contrast, starts at $26,900, and should be available this time next year. And instead of a Ferrari knock-off, you get a space-age tricycle. But Aptera and Tesla have things in common. They are both small. They were both started by people with no experience in the motor industry. And they are both aiming to start by roping in the eco-fashionistas of California, and then work outwards to the mainstream.The name Aptera was chosen because the vehicle resembles a small, wingless aircraft. Its three-wheel design exempts it from onerous federal testing regulations. The outer shell is made of a carbon-fibre composite, rather than metal. The lines arewind-tunnel aerodynamic. And protuberances are kept to a minimum. Wing mirrors, for example, are replaced by a rear-facing camera with a 180° field of view and the exhaust valves are recessed to minimise turbulence. In the pure plug-in version, those valves are for waste heat from the electronics. There is also a petrol-electric hybrid, with a single-cylinder generator that extends the range from 200km to 1,130km. Top speed is 150kph.One reason for the emergence of firms such as Aptera is that designing a new vehicle has become as much an exercise in software simulation as in metal (or evencarbon-fibre) bashing. That enables the firm's engineers to do extensive development work—even things like crash-testing—on a computer. This is much cheaper than building endless prototypes and driving lots of them into walls. Another reason is the widespread availability of previously specialised components such as lithium-ion batteries. That means that an upstart such as Aptera can focus on the electronic brains of the vehicle and its final assembly, rather than having to make everything from scratch. It can thus, it believes, turn a profit without having to produce large volumes.Automotive history is littered with failed attempts to build electric cars, and sceptics might think the latest batch will be no different. That there is a fashion for such vehicles, though, is hard to deny. Besides Aptera and Tesla—which are, in their different ways, the most conspicuous examples—Venture Vehicles of Los Angeles is proposing an electric version of the Dutch Carver three-wheeled motorbike, while Phoenix Motorcars of Ontario, California, has produced a sports-utility truck.Meanwhile, REV A, an Indian firm, and Think Global, a Norwegian one, are making two-door hatchbacks. Indeed, according to the Venture Capital Journal, about $220m has been invested in such small firms over the past year and a half.1.Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the common characterists of Tesla and Aptera?[A] Both of them are envioroment-friendly.[B] Both of them are from small companies of California and then expand outwards.[C] Both of them are originated from the marginal status of the industry.[D] Both of them are created by green hands of automobile business.2. The petrol-electric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____[A] Top speed of the hybrid is higher than than of the other versions.[B] The hybrid possesses a stronger capacity of long-distance drive with rapid speed.[C] The hybrid has a special generator that is characterized by a sole cylinder.[D] The hybrid generate more turbulence than the other versions.3.The word “protuberance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probab ly means_____[A] protrusion.[B] accessory.[C] adjunct.[D] impetus.4. Firms such as Aptera are growing up because of the following reasons except_____[A] Technologies of metal bashing simulation are well developped.[B] The cost of making cars is greatly reduced.[C] Some specialized parts are available to them.[D] Large venture investment is devoted to such business.5. Towards to the future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____[A] optimistic.[B] lukewarm.[C] wait-and-see.[D] enthusiastic.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了一些新型汽车的情况。
考研英语阅读精读真题精选
考研英语阅读精读真题精选考研英语成绩提高需要考生重点关注阅读部分，阅读部分所占分值较高，决定着考研的成败。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的考研英语阅读精读真题，希望对你有用!考研英语阅读原文"There is one and only one social responsibility of business" wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits."But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways.First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality.Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American's Foreign Corrupt PracticesAct(FCPA).It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm's political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR."We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials." says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies.But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.考研英语阅读翻译诺贝尔经济学奖得主、经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼写道，企业社会责任有且仅有一种，“那就是，利用自身资源从事能让其获利的各种活动。
考研英语阅读理解精读训练题目及答案解析UNIT18
考研英语阅读理解精读训练题目及答案解析UNIT18TEXT ONEPier 17 in downtown Manhattan is not the most likely destination for theatre-goers. But here on the East River, among the wailing seagulls, frying fish and tourists, is an enchanting offer of entertainment. Spiegelworld is back in town for its second summer, with two spicy cabaret shows of dance, music, acrobatics and burlesque. Called “Absinthe” and “La Vie”, the shows are staged in the anachronistic opulence of a spiegeltent (Flemish for “tent of mirrors”).Nobody seems to know how many of these European pavilions are left but most people agree that there are fewer than 20. Built by hand without nails, spiegeltents are beautiful assemblies of teak, velvet, stained glass and bevelled mirrors, created originally in Belgium in the early 20th century as mobile dance halls. Only two families in Belgium and the Netherlands still know how to make them, producing one every five or ten years or so, says Vallejo Gantner, one of the show's producers and a long-time spiegeltent aficionado. “But you know it when you walk into an old one. They have a special boutique quality.”This one, which dates from the 1920s and has a painted art-nouveau fa?ade, lends continental glamour to the pier. It holds about 350 people on wooden chairs and banquettes around a modest, circular stage. And it is this intimacy, this proximity to the performers, that gives these shows their special feel. Erotic contortionists, balletic hand-balancers and bawdy jugglers emanate a sweaty, tangible humanity. Many of them, Mr Gantner explains, have left larger circus troupes, such as Cirque du Soleil, in order to make eye-contact with their audience. The simplicity of the staging gives their performancesa gritty authenticity.Once in a while, a family on a children's outing is fooled by Spiegelworld's festive red-and-blue tent spires. Make no mistake: the shows are for adults. “La Vie”, created by Les 7 Doigts de la Main, a Montreal-based troupe, laces an array of artfully sexy circus acts with the premise that everyone is dead and in pur gatory, travelling on “a flight to hell that never quite gets there”. Wearing what looks like a straitjacket, a contortionist moves in a highly unsettling way to a recording of “Crazy”, crooned by Patsy Cline. The show closes with a steamy pas de deux between the devilish master of ceremonies and the evening's lip-curling seductress.“Absinthe” is a more explicit grab-bag of stripping, cross-dressing and intrigue, without a unifying theme. The show's strongest moments come from the acrobats, all of whom carry a powerful sexual charge. Two women sway with suggestive grace on the trapeze. An aerialist in black trousers, his sculpted chest glistening, pulls and twists himself up two hanging straps to the lusty music of “Jealous Guy”, sung by a transvestite diva.Sexy but not tawdry. Despite colourful language and a brief moment of unnecessary male nudity in “La Vie”, the setting is too elegant and the talent too astonishing for that. It's a bit of risqué fun that has been warmly received by New Yorkers, many of whom have grown tired of thewholesome, tourist-friendly fare of Broadway. Last summer “Absinthe” ran for two months to sell-out crowds; this year's two-show programme is for three months until the end of September. 1．According to the passage, Spiegelworld is probably _____[A] a series shows of dance, music, acrobatics and burlesque with boutique quality [B] a mobile dance hall of long history as well asexquisite decoration [C] a troupe performing certain programmes for the public.[D] a traditional form of entertainment derived from some ancient European countries.2．By mentioning that “Pier 17 in downtown Manhattan is not the most likely destination for theatre-goers”, the author wants to _____[A] imply that theatre-goers are paying much attention to the environment of performance. [B] show that Pier 17 is not a place for a formal performance of the theatre. [C] prove that the shows in Spiegeltent are very attractive[D] tell us the status of the place where the shows of “Absinthe” and “La Vie” are presented. 3．The performances staged in the spiegeltents are different from the other ones mainly in that _____[A] they are on show in the pier rather than in the theatre.[B] the seats are arranged around the stage so that the audience can watch the performers closely. [C] they are of a sweaty, tangible humanity and a like of enticing simplicity. [D] it is much easier for their performers to make eye-contact with their audience.4．In the fourth paragraph, the author gives a detailed description of “La Vie” in order to _____ [A] imply that Spiegelworld is characterized by suggestive sexy scenes and is mainly oriented to the adults.[B] showcase the fact that the performance is sexually attractive, but far from tawdry. [C] demonstrate the profound meaning conveyed by the surface of the performance.[D] give a general impression of the specific performance and illustrate that people should not be deluded by the representation.5．Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the performances staged in spiegeltents?[A] Only two families in Belgium and the Netherlands know howto give such performances.[B] The performances are characteristic of erotic shows. [C] The performances are always given with an explicit motif. [D] The performances are mainly given to the mass rather than the elite.篇章剖析：这篇文章主要讲述了一种传统演出团队的表演。
考研英语阅读理解精读练习九十一
考研英语阅读理解精读练习In the cause of equal rights, feminists have had much to complain about. But one striking piece of inequality has been conveniently overlooked: lifespan. In this area, women have the upper hand. All round the world, they live longer than men. Why they should do so is not immediately obvious. But the same is true in many other species. From lions to antelope and from sea lions to deer, males, for some reason, simply can't go the distance. One theory is that males must compete for female attention. That means evolution is busy selecting for antlers, aggression and alloy wheels in males, at the expense of longevity. Females are not subject to such pressures. If this theory is correct, the effect will be especially noticeable in those species where males compete for the attention of lots of females. Conversely, it will be reduced or absent where they do not.To test that idea, Tim Clutton-Brock of Cambridge University and Kavita Isvaran of the Indian Institute of Science in Bengalooru decided to compare monogamous and polygynous species (in the latter, a male monopolises a number of females). They wanted to find out whether polygynous males had lower survival rates and aged faster than those of monogamous species. To do so, they collected the relevant data for 35 species of long-lived birds and mammals.As they report, the pattern was much as they expected. In 16 of the 19 polygynous species in their sample, males of all ages were much more likely to die during any given period than were females. Furthermore, the older they got, the bigger the mortality gap became. In other words, they aged faster. Males from monogamous species did not show these patterns. The point about polygyny is that if one male has exclusive access to, say, ten females, another nine males will be waiting to topple the harem master as soon as he shows the first sign of weakness. The intense competitive pressure means that individuals who succeed put all their efforts into one or two breeding seasons.That obviously takes its toll directly. But a more subtle effect may also be at work. Most students of ageing agree that an animal's maximum lifespan is set by how long it can reasonably expect to escape predation, disease, accident and damaging aggression by others of its kind. If it will be killed quickly anyway, there is not much reason for evolution to divert scarce resources into keeping the machine in tip-top condition. Those resources should, instead, be devoted to reproduction. And the more threatening the outside world is, the shorter the maximum lifespan should be.There is no reason why that logic should not work between the sexes as well as between species. The test is to identify a species that has made its environment so safe that most of its members die of old age, and see if the difference continues to exist. Fortunately, there is such a species: man. Dr Clutton-Brock reckons that the sex difference in both human rates of ageing and in the usual age of death is an indicator thatpolygyny was the rule in humanity's evolutionary past—as it still is, in some places. That may not please some feminists, but it could be the price women have paid for outliving their menfolk.1. The passage is mainly discussing about_____[A] difference in life span between males and females of different species.[B] difference in life span among species of different mating patterns.[C] the reason of why human females outlive their male counterparts.[D] natural selection among males and females during evolution.2. In the sentence “That means evolution is busy selecting for antlers, aggression and alloy wheels in males…”, “antlers, agression and alloy wheels” represent_____[A] the most excellent ones.[B] the most powerful ones.[C] the most attrative ones.[D] the most aggressive ones.3. Which one of the following statement is TRUE of points proved by the test of Tim Clutton-Brock and Kavita Isvaran?[A] Polygamous species have shorter life spans than molygynous species.[B] Polygamous species aged faster than than molygynous species.[C] Polygamous males decrease faster in number as they grow older.[D] Monogamous males live as long as their females.4. The logic behind the fact that the species living in the most dangerous environment have the shortest lifespan is that_____[A] resources should be devoted to reproduction rather than sustaining life.[B] resources should be used most efficiently.[C] species in the most dangerous environment should not waste the resources.[D] there is no need to divert scarce resources into keeping the machine in best condition.5. The test conducted by Tim Clutton-Brock and Kavita Isvaran demostrates that_____[A] Polygymy was the rule in humani ty’s evolutionary past.[B] The sex difference on life span is attributable to humans’ biological past which should not be denied by feminists.[C] The logic does not work between the sexes as well as between species.[D] It was polygymy that accounts for human females’ general longevity over males.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了雄性和雌性在寿命方面的差异。
考研英语阅读理解精读训练题目及答案解析 UNIT 17
TEXT ONEBritons’ most searing memories of their encounter with foot-and-mouth disease in 2001 are of the piles of animals slaughtered to try to stop its spread. Such a draconian policy might have been accepted had the disease been controlled quickly. But its ineffectiveness—more than 6m cows, sheep and pigs were culled before the disease was eradicated—led to widespread revulsion and a government rethink.Just as in 2001, if an animal is thought to be infected, its herd will be culled and a quarantine zone set up. But this time, unless the disease is stamped out quickly, animals nearby will also be vaccinated to create a “fire-break” across which it is unlikely to travel. Already 300,000 doses of vaccine have been ordered, so that if government vets decide that slaughter alone is unlikely to be effective, they can start vaccinating straight away.Humans almost never catch foot-and-mouth and it rarely kills the cloven-hooved beasts it affects. But animals produce less milk and meat, so its economic effects are severe. It is also highly contagious: infected livestock produce the virus that causes it in large quantities, and transmit it through saliva, mucus, milk, faeces and even droplets in their breath.Even so, only countries where foot-and-mouth is endemic, as in parts of Latin America, vaccinate all animals. One reason is cost: the disease is caused by a virus with seven main types and tens of sub-types, with a targeted vaccine needed for each strain and shots repeated, perhaps as often as twice a year. It is also because vaccinating damages exports. Places that are free from foot-and-mouth are unwilling to import vaccinated beasts, or fresh meat from them, because they may still carry the disease.The fear of being shut out of foreign markets led to the British government's disastrous foot-dragging over vaccination in 2001. But that same year an outbreak in the Netherlands involving 26 farms was brought under control in just one month by vaccinating 200,000 animals. Though healthy, these beasts then had to be culled so that farmers could return to exporting without restrictions as soon as possible.Not even eternal vigilance on imports can keep a country free of foot-and-mouth disease: the latest outbreak was apparently caused by a breach of bio-security at the Pirbright laboratory complex in Surrey, where government researchers keep the live virus for vaccine research and Merial, an American animal-health company, manufactures vaccine for export. Human action, accidental or deliberate, seems likely to have been involved.Ironically, one reason for eschewing vaccination is that although it provides the best hope of dealing with outbreaks, maintaining the capacity to produce vaccine is itself a risky business. Many earlier episodes of foot-and-mouth in countries normallyfree from the disease have been caused by laboratory escapes; in 1970 a leak from Pirbright's isolation facilities was fortunately contained.1. Which one of the following statements is not TRUE of the foot-and-mouth disease in Briton in 2001?[A] The disease had never been effectively controlled throughout the event.[B] The policy of slaughtering animals to stop the disease spread proved to be a failure.[C] The slaughtering policy was arousing discontent among the public in Britons.[D] The government failed to take immediate actions of creating fire-break around the infected livestock.2. The new policy is different from the policy in 2001 in the following aspects except_____[A] the piles of animals will not be slaughtered as in 2001.[B] animals near the infected herb will be injected with vaccine.[C] a belt of quarantine with vaccinated animals will be erected.[D] it is paying more attention to prevention of the outbreak of the epidemic.3．Only a few countries have all of their animals injected with vaccines because of the following reason except_____[A] it is unnecessary to vaccinate all the animals in counties in which there are little chances of infecting foot-and-mouth.[B] the cost of vaccines against all types of the virus causing the disease is very high.[C] vaccinated animals are less welcomed by importing countries.[D] the vaccine cost will be rising as types of virus causing the disease are increasing. 4．Though vaccinated animals were free from the foot-and-mouth in Britain and Netherlands in 2001, they were still slaughtered because_____[A] they may be more likely to infect the virus than the healthy ones.[B] the exporting restrictions were too strict to let these animals pass the custom.[C] the farmers were afraid of being deprived of the exporting right.[D] the government wanted to regain the former status of exporting animals.5．The outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease may be a result of the following situations except_____[A] animals being wrongly or incompletely injected with vaccination.[B] importing animals from the countries with the foot-and-mouth-disease.[C] leak of the virus during the research experimentation.[D] malicious actions by some people with particular purpose.篇章剖析：这篇文章介绍了应对英国口蹄疫的一些情况。
考研英语精读阅读理解强化训练题
考研英语精读阅读理解强化训练题考研英语精读阅读理解强化训练题一Text 1Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip for increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having announced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. “My whole motto (座右铭) was ‘Sta rt small, think big, and have fun’, ” says MacDonald, 26, “I really kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side. ”Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big business on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwidewill exchange some $10 billion worth of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In Iceland,garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing。
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇
阅读理解精选100篇---经济类考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit1unit1Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Minis ters on December 17th, are economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its G DP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the countr y reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons (along with red tape and corruption) why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment (as a percentage of GDP) is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached $1 billion (whereas Ireland attracted over $25 billion in 2003, as did Brazil in every year from 1998 to 2000).One deterrent to foreign investors is due to disappear on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six noughts will be removed from the face value of the lira; one unit of the local currency will henceforth be worth what 1m are now-ie, about €0.53 ($0.70). Goods will have to be priced in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, but foreign bankers and investors can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.注（1）：本文选自Economist；12/18/2004, p115-115, 2/5p；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿2004年真题text 1第1题和第3题（1，3），2001年真题text 1第2题（2），1999年真题text 2第2题（4）和2002年真题text 3第4题（5）；1. What is Turkey’s economic situation now?[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.2. We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU3. The word “oscillated” (Line 3, Para graph 3) most probably means_________.[A] fell[B] climbed[C] developed[D] swang4. Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries[B] it does not have much influence on Turkey’s economic progress[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract more foreign direct investment[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value[D] prices of goods will go up答案：C B D C A篇章剖析本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其的经济状况。
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考研英语阅读精读真题精选
"Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness"wrot eMiltonFriedman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist
"Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedto increaseitsprofits."
ButevenifyouacceptFriedman'spremiseandregardcorporatesoc ialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders'smoney ,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cut.
NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompa niesatleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption.
ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$ 15billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingf irm.
Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.
First,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa"signal"thatacompany 'sproductsareofhighquality.
Second,customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany'sproductsasani ndirectmaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps.
Andthird,throughamorediffuse"haloeffect"wherebyitsgoodde edsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers.
PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseef fectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree.
Arecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberypros ecutionsunderAmerican'sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA).
Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotconsumeacompany'sproduc tsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybyth ehaloeffect.
Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostc omprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties.
Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirm'spoliti calinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedforthelen iency:Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidno treceivelowerfines.
Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlye valuateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacom pany'srecordinCSR.
"Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategiving byabout20%resultinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypic alpunishmentforbribingforeignofficials."saysoneresearcher.
Researchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionat howmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR.
Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffect ,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydecidetheirdo-goodingpolicies.
Butatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotr oublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostl ypunishment.
诺贝尔经济学奖得主、经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼写道，企业社会责任有且仅有一种，
“那就是，利用自身资源从事能让其获利的各种活动。
”
但是即使你同意弗里德曼的这种假设性的观点，并且认为企业社会责任政策是浪费股东的金钱，事情却并非完全如此清晰。
新的研究表明，至少企业因腐败而被起诉的时候，企业社会责任或许能为企业创造经济价值。
据咨询公司“EPG”估算，英美两国的大公司每年合计在企业社
会责任上的花费超过150亿美元。
这能从三个方面给他们的企业增加价值。
第一，消费者可能会把企业的企业社会责任开销当做是一个“信号”，即这一公司的产品质量上乘。
第二，消费者可能愿意购买这一公司的产品，算是间接地为该公司所支持的事业贡献力量。
第三，通过更广泛的“光环效应”，这一公司的善行能让消费者和其他人有购买需求时能更多地考虑该公司。
因为消费者可能是受到了以上三个方式的影响，所以先前对企业社会责任的研究难以区分这三种方式的影响。
最近的一项研究试图区分这三种方式的影响，它所用的方法就是研究因违反《美国反海外腐败法》而遭到行贿起诉的案例。
研究认为，由于检察官并不购买那些作为其调查部分的公司产品，因此他们只能受到“光环效应”的影响。
这项研究发现，在被起诉的公司当中，那些拥有最全面的企业社会责任项目的企业往往会从轻处罚。
他们的分析排除了这样的可能性，即：是当事公司的政治影响力，而非他们的企业社会责任立场才让它获得了较轻的处罚，因为那些
支持政治运动更多的公司并没有得到更低的罚金。
总之，这个研究的结论是：虽然检察官在评估一个案件时，应该基于其功绩，实际上还是受到了公司企业社会责任记录的影响。
其中的一位研究者说：“我们估计，要么消除一个实质性的劳工权益问题，例如童工问题，要么增加20%的企业捐赠，都会促成罚
金减少，一般要比因贿赂外国官员而造成的典型罚款低40%。
”
研究者们承认他们的研究没有解决的问题是：针对企业社会责任各大企业到底该支出多少费用。
也没有揭露当企业做慈善方面的决策时，会有多看重“光环效应”，而非其他潜在收益。
但至少他们证明了一点，当企业遇到法律问题时，自身良好品质的证据将让企业付出更少的罚金。
leniency['li:njənsi]n.宽大，不严厉，仁慈
previous['pri:vjəs]adj.在...之前，先，前，以前的
social['səuʃəl]adj.社会的，社交的n.社交聚会
affected[ə'fektid]adj.受影响的，受感动的，受疾病侵袭的adj.做联想记忆
corrupt[kə'rʌpt]adj.腐败的，堕落的vt.使...联想记忆
engage[in'geidʒ]v.答应，预定，使忙碌，雇佣，订婚
consideration[kənsidə'reiʃən]n.考虑，体贴，考虑因素，敬重，意见
typical['tipikəl]adj.典型的，有代表性的，特有的，独特的
quality['kwɔliti]n.品质，特质，才能adj.高品质的
analysis[ə'næləsis]n.分析，解析
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