2019新外研版高一英语必修二unit4第四单元基础知识点总结复习

2019新外研版高一英语必修二unit4第四单元基础知识点总结复习
2019新外研版高一英语必修二unit4第四单元基础知识点总结复习

Unit 4Stage and screen

核心单词

Part 1重点单词

1.opera n. 歌剧

2.movement n. 运动,动作

3.aspect n. 方面

4.version n. 版本

5.string n. (乐器的)弦;细绳;线;带子

6.technique n. 技巧;手法

7.universe n. 宇宙,天地,万物

8.edge n. 边缘

9.emotion n. 强烈的情感

10.anger n. 愤怒,怒火

11.poetry n. 诗,诗歌

12.ballet n. 芭蕾舞剧,芭蕾舞表演

13.comedy n. 喜剧

14.documentary n. 纪录片

15.episode n. (电视连续剧或广播连载节目中的)一集

16.plot n. (书、电影、戏剧的)情节

17.transport n. 交通运输系统,运输方式

18.turkey n. (电影或戏剧的)失败之作;火鸡

19.extent n. 程度

20.clap vi. & vt. (clapped, clapped; clapping)拍(手),鼓(掌)

n.拍手声;鼓掌声

21.overcome vi. 控制(感情),克服(困难)

22.female adj. 女(性)的;雌(性)的

23.incredible adj. 难以置信的

24.energetic adj. 精力充沛的,充满活力的

25.explosive adj. 爆炸(式)的,爆发的

26.romantic adj. 浪漫的

27.rude adj. 粗鲁的,无礼的

28.fictional adj. 虚构的,编造的,小说(中)的

29.awkward adj. 紧张的;不舒适的

30.extremely adv. 极度,极其

31.absolutely adv. 完全地,绝对地

32.definitely adv. 确切地,肯定地

Part 2关联拓展

1.combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合→combination n.结合

2.poetry n. 诗,诗歌→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人

3.explosive adj.爆炸(式)的,爆发的→explode v.爆炸→explosion n.爆炸4.movement n.运动,动作→move v.移动

5.applaud v.鼓掌→applause n.鼓掌,掌声

6.grateful adj.感谢的,感激的→gratefully adv.感激地

7.extremely adv.极度,极其→extreme adj.极度的,极大的

8.absorbed adj.专心致志的→absorb v.使全神贯注

9.romantic adj.浪漫的→romance n.浪漫

10.documentary n.纪录电影,纪录片→document 文件,公文

11.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的→appeal n.吸引力,感染力

12.rude adj.粗鲁的,无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n.粗鲁

13.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint v.使失望→disappointment n.失望

14.original adj.原先的,最初的→origin n.起源→originally adv.起初

15.behave v.表现→behavior n.行为

16.normal adj.正常的,平常的→abnormal adj.不正常的→normally adv.正常地,平常地17.responsibility n.责任→responsible adj.负责任的→responsibly adv.认真负责地

18.absence n.缺乏;没有→absent adj.缺席的

Part 3重点单词用法归纳

Ⅰ.重点单词

1.combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合

(1)combine...with/and...把……与……结合起来

(2)be combined with...与……相结合

(3)combination n.结合;联合

(4)in combination with与……联合/结合

2.grateful adj. 感谢的,感激的

(1)be grateful to sb. for sth.因某事而感激某人

(2)ungrateful adj.忘恩负义的;不领情的

(3)gratefully adv.感激地

3.absorbed adj.专心致志的,全神贯注的

(1)be absorbed in (doing) sth.全神贯注于/专注于(做)某事

(2)absorb vt.理解;掌握;吸收;吞并

(3)be absorbed into被……吞并;被……吸收

4.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的

(1)appeal vi.有感染力;呼吁n.呼吁;恳求

(2)appeal to sb.吸引某人

(3)appeal to sb. for sth.为某事呼吁某人

(4)appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吸某人做某事(=call on sb. to do sth.)

(5)appeal to...against...向……对……提出上诉

(6)make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁

5.arrangement n.安排;筹划

(1)come to an arrangement (with sb.)(与某人)达成协议

(2)make arrangements (for...)(为……)作准备;(为……)作安排

(3)arrange vt. & vi.安排

(4)arrange for...安排/准备……

(5)arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事

(6)arrange to do sth.安排做某事

(7)arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事

6.escape v.逃离;逃避;摆脱n.逃离;逃避;泄漏

(1)escape from/through...从……漏出;从……逃跑

(2)escape (doing) sth.逃脱(做)某事

(3)escape one's attention/notice逃过某人的注意

(4)have a narrow escape九死一生

(5)make one's escape逃跑;溜走

7.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的

(1)be disappointed at/about/with sth.对某事感到失望

(2)be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望

(3)be disappointed that...很失望……

(4)disappointing adj.令人失望的

(5)disappointment n.失望;令人失望的人(事)

(6)to one's disappointment令某人失望的是

8.behave v.表现,举止规矩有礼

(1)behave oneself有礼貌;守规矩

(2)behave well/badly (to/towards)(对……)表现好/不好

(3)behaviour n.举止;行为

(4)good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为

(5)well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.表现好/差的

9.normal adj. & n.正常(的);平常(的);一般(的)

(1)It is normal (for sb.) to do sth.(对于某人来说)做某事是正常的

(2)above/below normal在正常标准之上/之下

(3)return to normal恢复正常

(4)abnormal adj.不正常的;变态的

(5)normally adv.通常;平常;正常地

10.responsibility n.责任;负责;职责

(1)a strong sense of responsibility强烈的责任感

(2)undertake/take responsibility for (doing) sth.承担(做)某事的责任;对(做)某事负责

(3)It's one's responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任

(4)responsible adj.有责任的;尽责的

(5)be responsible for (doing) sth.对(做)某事负责;应为(做)某事受责备;引起/导致某事

(6)be responsible to sb.向某人负责

11.absence n.缺乏;没有;缺席;不在;不存在

(1)absence from work/class缺勤/缺课

(2)in/during sb's absence在某人缺席/不在的时候

(3)in the absence of sth.缺乏某物

(4)absence of mind心不在焉

(5)absent adj.缺席的;不在的;缺乏的

(6)absent-minded心不在焉的;健忘的

(7)be absent from...缺乏/缺席……

Ⅰ.重点短语

1.be familiar with 对……熟悉

2.date back to 追溯到

3.start with 以……开始

4.at first 起初

5.on stage 在舞台上

6.get across 解释清楚,传达

7.transform...into... 把……变成……

8.on the edge of one's seat 极为激动

9.tick all the right boxes 事情发展如人所愿,一切顺利

10.make a comparison 进行比较

11.put on 表演(节目)

12.stay up 熬夜

13.give up 放弃

14.thanks to 幸亏,由于

15.more or less 或多或少

16.the number of... ……的数量

17.make arrangements 安排

18.be used to do 被用来做……

19.all too often 有太多时候,太过频繁

20.end up 最终成为

21.result in 导致,造成

22.in part 部分地;在某种程度上

23.play the part of 扮演……角色

24.live up to 符合(标准),不负(盛名)

25.to some extent 在某种程度上

26.in one's own right 凭借自身,靠自己

27.stand out 突出,醒目,出色

28.out of hand 失控,无法控制

Ⅰ.重点句型

1.Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town!

译文:因为我看过许多《哈姆雷特》的演出,读过很多遍剧本,所以我充满了信心——直到京剧登场! 句型分析:

(1)本句是一个主从复合句。Having seen...完成时态的现在分词短语作时间状语,be full of 固定搭配,意为“充满”;until 引导时间状语从句。

(2)现在分词短语作状语的情况

Ⅰ有时态和语态变化

????? 时间状语,常放在句首原因状语,常放在句首条件状语,常放在句首让步状语,常放在句首

Ⅰ没有时态和语态变化

?????

伴随状语,常放在句末结果状语,常放在句末 例:Having received a letter, I knew everything was all right.

接到一封信后,我知道情况良好。

2.But thanks to the support of my teacher, parents and friends, I overcame my fear, knowing that I did the best I could.

译文:但是多亏了老师、父母和朋友的支持,我克服了恐惧,知道我已经尽力了。

句型分析:

(1)本句是一个多重复合句。thanks to复合介词,引导的短语在句中作原因状语;knowing...现在分词短语作伴随状语;that引导knowing的宾语从句,I could是省略形式的定语从句,修饰the best。

(2)表原因的短语有:

thanks to 多亏了,由于(多含有感激之意)

because of 由于,因为(语气较强)

owing to 由于(多作状语)

due to 由于(多作表语)

例:ⅠHe went to another city, hoping that he could find a good job.

他去了另一座城市,希望能找到一份好工作。

ⅠThe electricity was cut off because of the terrible storm.

电因可怕的风暴而被切断。

3.I used to love A Good Laugh and I watched it every week.

译文:我以前很喜欢《开怀大笑》,每周都看。

句型分析:

(1)本句是一个并列句。used to意为“过去经常,过去常常”,暗含现在已不,具有对比之意。

(2)get/be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

be used to do sth.被用来做某事

例:ⅠHe used to play football but he doesn't now.

他过去常常踢足球,但现在不踢了。

ⅠThe old man is used to getting up early.

这老头儿习惯于早起。

ⅠThe machine is used to collect information.

这机器被用来收集信息。

4.All too often, great words end up being turned into cinematic “turkeys”.

译文:通常,精彩的文笔最终会变成电影里“败笔之作”。

句型分析:

(1)本句是一个简单句。all too often意为“时常,经常,通常”,在句中作状语;end up doing sth.是常用搭配,意为“以做某事而结束”。turn...into意为“将……变成”。

(2)end up in以……结束(后跟抽象名词)

(3)end up with以……结束(后跟具体名词)

例:ⅠThey tried their best and ended up winning the match.

他们尽了最大努力,最后嬴得了比赛。

ⅠThe concert ended up with their best-known song.

音乐会以他们最著名的歌曲结束。

5.It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasn't sure if the characters were performers or athletes!

译文:它是如此的令人印象深刻和充满活力,以至于我不确定这些角色是表演者还是运动员!

(1)“so/such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,so修饰形容词或副词,such修饰名词。

so +????? 形容词/副词+that 从句形容词+a/an +可数名词单数

+that 从句

many/much/little/few +名词 +that 从句

such +????? a/an +形容词+可数名词单 数+that 从句形容词+可数名词复数+ that 从句形容词+不可数名词+ that 从句

例:Mark Twain loved the river so much that even his pen name is about the river.

马克·吐温非常喜欢这条河,甚至他的笔名也与这条河有关。

(2)if 引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,在句中不可省略if 。此处也可用whether ,但与or not 连用时,只用whether ,不用if 。

例:Tim didn't know whether/if he could pass the exam.

Tim 不知道他是否能通过考试。

6.With this in mind, perhaps we should judge a movie in its own right, and not against its original source.

译文:考虑到这一点,也许我们应该凭借其自身特点来判断一部电影,而不是依据它的原始资源来源。 句型分析:

本句是一个简单句,with 复合结构在句中作状语。

with +n./pron.+????? v.-ing p.p.to +v.

prep.-phr.adj./adv.

例:ⅠThe kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.

有这么多的名胜古迹可去,孩子感到很兴奋。

ⅠHe stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.

他站在门口,手里拿着一台电脑。

ⅠThe boy was walking, with his father ahead.

男孩走着,他父亲在前面。

ⅠWith their work finished, they will go on holiday.

工作完成后,他们将去度假。

Ⅰ.语法小结

现在分词是由动词词尾加-ing 构成,具有动词的某些性质,如可以有自己的宾语、状语等,但不能在句子中单独作谓语。

1

(1)

现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生;现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

例:Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.

在街上走着,他听到有人叫他。

注意:walk down与hear同时发生

例:Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.

我们几乎花光了所有的钱,没有钱住宾馆了。

注意:spend发生在afford之前

(2)现在分词的语态:

现在分词的主动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的执行者;现在分词的被动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者。

例:Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址,我们无法和她取得联系。

注意:we是know动作的执行者

例:The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.

正在建设的娱乐大楼明年完工。

注意:building是build的承受者

2.现在分词的句法功能

非谓语动词中的现在分词(短语)尽管不作谓语,但含有动作之意,在句中可作定语、补语、状语等。作状语时,可放在句首或句末;放在句首时,常作时间状语、条件状语、原因状语和让步状语,此时有时态和语态的变化,与主句主语有逻辑上的主动关系;放在句末常作伴随状语和结果状语,此时没有时态和语态的变化。

(1)现在分词短语作时间状语

Having been asked several times, she said where she had been.

被问了好几次,她才讲出她去了哪里。

(2)现在分词短语作让步状语

Having learned that English song, she didn't sing it well.

尽管她学了那首英文歌,但唱得不好。

(3)现在分词短语作原因状语

Being badly ill, he had to see a doctor this morning.

由于病得很重,他今天早上不得不去看医生。

(4)现在分词短语作条件状语

Working hard, you'll succeed.

如果你努力工作,你会成功的。

(5)现在分词短语作伴随状语

However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.

然而,技术也是运用科学知识来解决问题,以无数的方式影响着人们的生活。

(6)现在分词短语作结果状语

A terrible earthquake occurred last week in that area, causing many houses destroyed.上周那个地区发生了一场可怕的地震,造成许多房屋被毁。

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