初中英语词缀整理
初中英语单词词根词缀记忆法大全

常⽤的前缀主要有:ab 表⽰反常如:absent 缺席 abnormal 不正规的ap 表⽰添加如:append 悬挂 apposition 同位置bi 表⽰两、重如:bicycle ⾃⾏车 bigamy 重婚com 表⽰共同如:combine 联合 compete 相争dis 表⽰分开如:disarm 裁军 dislike 讨厌im 表⽰不如: impossible不可能的 immoral 不道德的in 表⽰不、向内如:informal ⾮正式的 inhuman 不⼈道的non 表⽰⽆如:nonparty ⽆党派的 nonmetal ⾮⾦属pro 表⽰向前如:progress 进步 prognostic 预兆re 表⽰回、重新如: review 复习 reaction 反应un 表⽰不、⾮如:unhappy 不快乐的 unbalance 失去平衡常⽤的后缀主要有:al 表⽰⼈、物如:rival 竞争者 mural 壁画cy 表⽰状态、职位如:bankruptcy 破产 captaincy 船长er 表⽰⼈、物如:teacher ⽼师 cooker 厨具able 表⽰可能的如: movable 可移动的 passable 可通⾏的ful 表⽰充满如: beautiful 美丽的 useful 有⽤的or 表⽰⼈、物如:actor 男演员 mirror 镜⼦ist 表⽰⼈如:copyist 抄写员 socialist 社会主义者ment 表⽰⾏为如:enjoyment 娱乐 movement 运动ing 表⽰令⼈如:exciting 令⼈兴奋的 interesting 令⼈有兴趣的ed 表⽰感到如:excited 感到兴奋的 interested 感到有兴趣的less 表⽰没有的如: resistless 不抵抗的 homeless ⽆家可归的ly 副词后缀如:gently 轻轻地 intently 专⼼地tion 名词后缀如:graduation 毕业 relation 亲属典型的前后缀应⽤举例:1 excite vt.刺激 exciting adj. 令⼈兴奋的 excited adj.感到兴奋的 excitement n.兴奋2 smile v./n.微笑 smiling adj. 微笑的 smilingly adv.微笑的 unsmiling adj.不笑的⾃学⼩贴⼠:词根词缀记忆法常常被英语初学者所忽略,如果将此法配合多遍反复记法在⾃学中应⽤则可以做到举⼀⾄少反三的妙⽤。
初中英语常见词缀全汇总

初中英语常见词缀全汇总常用的前缀主要有:ab 表示反常 如:absent 缺席 abnormal 不正规的ap 表示添加 如:append 悬挂 apposition 同位置bi 表示两、重 如:bicycle 自行车 bigamy 重婚com 表示共同 如:combine 联合 compete 相争dis 表示分开 如:disarm 裁军 dislike 讨厌im 表示不 如:impossible不可能的 immoral 不道德的in 表示不、向内 如:informal 非正式的 inhuman 不人道的non 表示无 如:nonparty 无党派的 nonmetal 非金属pro 表示向前 如:progress 进步 prognostic 预兆re 表示回、重新 如:review 复习 reaction 反应un 表示不、非 如:unhappy 不快乐的 unbalance 失去平衡常用的后缀主要有:al 表示人、物 如:rival 竞争者 mural 壁画cy 表示状态、职位 如:bankruptcy 破产 captaincy 船长er 表示人、物 如:teacher 老师 cooker 厨具able 表示可能的 如:movable 可移动的 passable 可通行的ful 表示充满 如:beautiful 美丽的 useful 有用的or 表示人、物 如:actor 男演员 mirror 镜子ist 表示人 如:copyist 抄写员 socialist 社会主义者ment 表示行为 如:enjoyment 娱乐 movement 运动ing 表示令人 如:exciting 令人兴奋的 interesting 令人有兴趣的ed 表示感到 如:excited 感到兴奋的 interested 感到有兴趣的less 表示没有的 如:resistless 不抵抗的 homeless 无家可归的ly 副词后缀 如:gently 轻轻地 intently 专心地tion 名词后缀 如:graduation 毕业 relation 亲属典型的前后缀应用举例:1 excite vt.刺激 exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 excited adj.感到兴奋的 excitement n.兴奋2 smile v./n.微笑 smiling adj. 微笑的 smilingly adv.微笑的 unsmiling adj.不笑的自学小贴士:词根词缀记忆法常常被英语初学者所忽略,如果将此法配合多遍反复记法在自学中应用则可以做到举一至少反三的妙用。
初中英语:常用英语词缀汇总

初中英语:常用英语词缀汇总常用的前缀主要有:ab 表示反常如:absent 缺席abnormal 不正规的ap 表示添加如:append 悬挂apposition 同位置bi 表示两、重如:bicycle 自行车bigamy 重婚com 表示共同如:combine 联合compete 相争dis 表示分开如:disarm 裁军dislike 讨厌im 表示不如:impossible不可能的immoral 不道德的in 表示不、向内如:informal 非正式的inhuman 不人道的non 表示无如:nonparty 无党派的nonmetal 非金属pro 表示向前如:progress 进步prognostic 预兆re 表示回、重新如:review 复习reaction 反应un 表示不、非如:unhappy 不快乐的unbalance 失去平衡常用的后缀主要有:al 表示人、物如:rival 竞争者mural 壁画cy 表示状态、职位如:bankruptcy 破产captaincy 船长er 表示人、物如:teacher 老师cooker 厨具able 表示可能的如:movable 可移动的passable 可通行的ful 表示充满如:beautiful 美丽的useful 有用的or 表示人、物如:actor 男演员mirror 镜子ist 表示人如:copyist 抄写员socialist 社会主义者ment 表示行为如:enjoyment 娱乐movement 运动ing 表示令人如:exciting 令人兴奋的interesting 令人有兴趣的ed 表示感到如:excited 感到兴奋的interested 感到有兴趣的less 表示没有的如:resistless 不抵抗的homeless 无家可归的ly 副词后缀如:gently 轻轻地intently 专心地tion 名词后缀如:graduation 毕业relation 亲属典型的前后缀应用举例:1 excite vt.刺激exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excited adj.感到兴奋的excitement n.兴奋2 smile v./n.微笑smiling adj. 微笑的smilingly adv.微笑的unsmiling adj.不笑的自学小贴士:词根词缀记忆法常常被英语初学者所忽略,如果将此法配合多遍反复记法在自学中应用则可以做到举一至少反三的妙用。
初中英语词缀汇总

• 名词---形容词 • friend friendly / south southern • wool woolen / danger dangerous • difference different / fry fried • worry worried
• 动词---过去分词转为形容词
• break broken
• tion 名词后缀 如:
• graduation 毕业 • relation 亲属
• ing 表示令人 如:
exciting 令人兴奋的
interesting 令人有兴趣 的
典型的前后缀应用举例:
1 excite vt.刺激 • exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 • excited adj.感到兴奋的 • excitement n.兴奋 2 smile v./n.微笑 • smiling adj.微笑的 • smilingly adv.微笑的 • unsmiling adj.不笑的
• wind windy
一些特例:
• 动词---形容词 • sleep asleep / die dead • enjoy enjoyable • 动词---现在分词转化为名词 • boat boating / build building • begin beginning / cross crossing • meet meeting / turn turning
构词法前缀后缀词汇
• 前缀 • un- “不” • happy unhappy like unlike • usual unusual friendly unfriendly • im-“不” • possible impossible
• 后缀 • -er“人” • teach teacher play player
初中英语词根词缀经典浓缩

1 act 行为/举止active action activate2 cap 罩着/盖着capable capacity capacious3 ceive 做(事情) conceive perceive receive deceive4 cess 行走process concess access recess recessionary5 cide 切割decide incidence accident6 cite 说话recite cite excite7 com/con/co 合在一起cooperation collaboration company conform8 counter 相对的counterstrike (C.S.) counterpart9 de 往下decline decide department10 dem/demo 人/人民democracy epidemic11 dict/dic 说话predict dicionary dedicate addict12 dis 距离/分开distance disinterested13 dom 领域dominate predominate domain kingdom14 e 往外(也可做为单词结束标志)evoke eject emit15 epi 之上/之中epilog epidemic16 evit 生命longevity inevitable17 ex 往外exit excit external18 fend 遮挡物defend offend19 fer 拿prefer infer defer confer20 fess 说话confess profess21 fin 边线/边界finite finish infinite definite indefinite22 flex 使弯折flexible reflect23 flu 流动flu fluent flush fluctuate24 gress 行走congress progress aggressive25 ject 射/喷射reject eject inject deject26 im/in 里面/否定intractable27 leg 腿legal illegal legislation (isl:通道)delegate allege28 less 没有careless valueless priceless worthless29 liter 文字literature literal illiterate literary30 main 手maintain 31 mand 命令demand command32 min/mini 小minute minimize33 mis 错误的mistake misunderstand34 mit 放射/传送emit commit submit transmit35 mod 模式/模型/模具mode modify model commodity36 mono 一个monotone monotonous = boring;37 nat 本身的/自然的natural native38 nov 心奇/心意novel (adj.) novelty innnovate39 opt 选择optional adopt optimism40 para 相对的parallel parasite paradox (dilemma)41 part 一部分partial impartial apart apartment42 pens 钱dispense compensate43 plex 使弯折perplex complex44 ply 含义/内容reply imply supply45 pot 坛子potent potential impotent46 press 按压compress pressing oppress repress suppress47 priv 权利private deprive derive privilege48 scend 行走descend ascend49 scrib 写describe prescribe subscribe postscript manuscript50 sembl 集聚assemble resemble51 semi 一半semi-final52 sent 感觉/感官assent consent dissent53 serv 安放preserve conserve reserve deserve54 sign 图标/符号assign design resign55 sol 太阳solar system; solitary console isolate56 spec/spect 看respect respective inspect prospect perspecitive57 sper/spir 呼吸inspire conspire expire prosper desperate58 stit 坐institute substitue constitute59 sum 归总summarize summary consume resume60 tain 拿着/托着retain contain attain detain distain61 tend 伸展/展开extend tend intend tendency62 text 编织texture context pretext63 tract 地域/地带attract tractortractable intractable64 trans 通过/穿过transport transit transmit transplant65 tribute 贡品attribute distribute contribute66 un 没有uninterested67 uni 一个uniform unique68 vac 空/空的vacant vacuum evacuate69 vers/vert 转换/转向conversation anniversary reverse introvert70 vis 看vision visit supervise advise71 voc 说话vocal vocation advocate72 vent 来/来临advent ventilate convention补充:ab 强调/否定aboriginalabuse absolute abnormalad 倾向于pro 倾向于re 二次/反复1. 不(a; dis; im; in; ir; il; non; un):amoral; 与道德无关的atypical pneumonia; 非典abnormal; 反常的disable; 使残废immeasurable; 不可估量的impartial; 公平的inadequate; 不充分的inaccessible; 达不到的illegal; 非法的illogical; 不合逻辑的irrational; 不理性的irresistible; 不可抵抗的irrevocable; 不能取消的nondurable; 不耐用的/非耐用品unalterable; 不能改变的unworldly; 非尘世的/天真纯洁的unyielding; 坚硬的/不屈的2. 反对(anti)anti-terrorist; 反恐antiwar; 反战anti-dumping 反倾销3. 自己的;自动的(auto) autobiography; 自传auto alarm; 自动警报4. 两个的;双重的(bi)biweekly; 两周一次的/一周两次的bimonthly; 两月一次的/一月两次的biannually; 一年两次的5. 共同的(co; con)cooperation; 合作cohere; 粘合coincide; 一致/符合concentrate; 集中(注意力) conclude; 总结6. 反对的;相反的(contra) contradict; 矛盾counterstrike; 反击counterpart 配对物/人7. 在之中;加强意义(en) encourage; 鼓励enlarge; 放大enrich; 使丰富enroll; 招纳/招募8. 好的(eu)eulogy; 赞歌euphony; 悦耳之音euphemism; 委婉语euthanasia; 安乐死9. 前面的;在先的(fore)forearm; 前臂forehead; 额头foresight; 远见forefinger; 食指10. 之间的(inter)international; 国际的interfere; 干涉interrupt; 打断interval 间隔/间隔的intervene; 干涉/干预11. 错误的(mis)mistake 错误misapprehend; 误会/误解misunderstand; 误会/误解mistrust; 不信任/猜疑12. 外面的;上面的;过度的(over) overcoat 大衣overlook; 眺望/远看/概述overhear 偶然听到overdue; 迟到的13. 后(post)postpone; 推迟post-war; 战后14. 前(pre)predict; 预测prehistoric; 史前的prevent; 防止preview; 预展/预演previous; 之前的15. 半(semi)Semifinal; 半决赛Semicolon; 分号16. 上面的;过度的(super) supernatural; 超自然的supervise; 监督superstition; 迷信17. 远的(tele)telephone; 电话telegram; 电报telescope; 单筒望远镜television; 电视18 多的(multi)multilateral;多边的unilateral; 单边的multinational; 多国的multiple; 多样的/多重的19 单词结束表示总结(虚的;无实际意义)Ible 形容词结束标志able 形容词结束标志al 形容词结束标志ate 动词结束标志tion/ation 名词结束标志ment 名词结束标志e 单词结束标志。
英语常见词根词缀整理

初中英语常见词根词缀整理1.常见的名词后缀(1)表示“人和物”-an American historian-ian Italian Canadian politician-ant assistant accountant participant-ent student president resident-ee employee trainee-er writer speaker waiter-or actor conductor sailor-ess waitress hostess actress-ist socialist novelist scientist dentist(2)表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词-ability suitability probability-ibility possibility responsibility-age marriage shortage carriage-al arrival refusal revival survival-ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence differenceconference-dom freedom wisdom seldom-ery slavery bravery discovery mastery robbery-hood childhood adulthood neighborhood-ion question construction election conduction-ition composition competition-ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism Marxism-ment movement government encouragement-ness kindness carelessness-ship friendship leadership relationship-ure exposure failure measure leisure pleasure2.常见的动词后缀:表示“使(成为)” “使……化”-ate circulate decorate regulate alternate-en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten-ify classify simplify specify qualify certif-ize realize organize criticizerecognize-ish astonish cherishestablishfinishpunishvanish3:常见形容词后缀(1)表示“具有……性质的”-al national cultural natural-an American r epublican-ian Italian Canadian Christian-ant pleasant resistant distant constant-ent different confident excellent-ary necessary imaginary customary-ory compulsory contradictory-ate considerate fortunate-ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese-ic heroic poetic economic-some troublesome handsome quarrelsome(2)表示“充满或缺乏”-free duty-free care-free worry-free-ful hopeful useful wonderfulhelpful-less hopeless useless needless-(i)ous dangerous various a nxious serious-y rainy cloudy d irty hairy trendy fishy(3)表示“类似”-ish childish stylish greenish-like childlike businesslike-ly brotherly f riendly deadly deathly(4)表示“主、被动意义”-able comfortable capable believable disable-ible responsible sensible visible-ive active positive negative passive extensive(5)表示“方向”-ward downward backward forwardwestward eastward4: 常见的副词后缀-ly strongly successfully quickly angrily slowly-ward(s) downwards eastwards-wise clockwise likewise otherwise常见的前缀1 表示“否定或逆转”de- defeat defend define deformdis- disappear disagree disorder disgust in- incorrect inactive incapableinaccurate il- illegalillogical illiberalim- impossible i mmature imperfectimpatient ir- irregularirrelevant irresponsiblemis- misuse misleadmisunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violenceun- unhappy unlucky unpleasant2:表示“时间顺序”ex- ex-president ex-wifeex-husband fore- foretellforehead f oresee forecastmid- middle midfield midnightmidterm post- post-warpostgraduate postponepre- prepare prepay prematurepredict re- recall repairrebuild rewrite3: 表示“方向或位置”ex- exportexclude expel exertin- invade include indicate indoor infectim- import immigrate imitateimpact impair inter- internationalinteractive interchangesub- subway subsequent substandardsubtit letele- telephone telescopetelecommunicationtrans - transparenttransporttransplanttranslate4: 表示“程度、大小或差别” macro-macroeconomicsmicro- microscope Microsoftmicro-oven mini- minibusminiskirt minimum over-overwork overuseoverhear super-supermarketsuperpower superb under-underdevelopedunderestimatevice- vice-president vice-principal5:表示“数量”bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateralkilo - kilometerkilogramkilohertzkilowattmono- monolingualmonologue monopoly multi-multiple multimediamultinationalsemi- semifinal semiconductorsemiconscious tri- triangle tricycletriple trilateral uni-unicycle unique universaluniform6:变换词类的前缀be- befriendbelittle b eheaden- enable endanger e njoyenlarge endearencour ageem- embrace employ embitterembodyembezzle常见的词根1: audi =hearaudience auditoriumaudible audition 2: ced (cess)=goprecede proceed processsuccessor successiverecede exceedexcess3: cept =takeexcept exception exceptionalaccept acceptanceacceptableintercept r eceptiondeceptionconcept conceptionreceptive4: circ =ringcircle encircle semicircle circularcirculate circulationcircumstance5: clud (clus) =close,shutexclude exclusive includeinclusive concludeconclusion secludesecluded(decide ,decisive ,decision)6: cord =heartrecord recorder c oncord concordantaccord accordantdiscord discordant7: cred =believe, trustcredit credible discreditincredible credulousincredulous8: cur (curs, cour) =runoccur occurrence currentcurrency course concurrecurrent recur9: dict (dic) =saycontradict dictate predict predictionindicate indicationdictionary 10: duc (duct) =lead educate introduceintroduction conductproduct reduce reduction deduce11: fer =bring, carryconference confer differdifferent offer preferpreferable transferdefer12: fus = pourrefuse r efusal confuseconfusiontransfuse transfusion 13: ject =throwproject inject reject rejectioninterject subject subjectiveobject objective abjectadjective eject14: log =speakdialogue dialog apology apologizemonologue logic 15: medi = middleimmediate immediatelymedium multimediaintermediate medievalMediterranean medicine16: memor = memorymemory memorize memomemorable memorialcommemorateremember17: mini =small, littleminimum m inimize diminish minus minor miniskirt minority 18: miss (mit) =sendmissile dismiss e mit promisecompromise commit submit 19: mot=movemotionmotive motivate promote promotion demote remote 20: pel =push, drivepropel e xpel repel repulsion r epulsive dispelcompel 21: pend (pens) =hangdepend dependent independent suspendsuspense suspension append dependdependable 22: port =carryportable porter import export transporttransportation report supportsupportive sport23: pos =putexpose compose composition composer propose proposal oppose opposite dispose disposalpose position 24: rupt =breakrupture interrupt interruption disrupt bankrupt corrupt 25: sent (sens) =feelsense sensation sentimental consentconsensus resent sensiblesensitive nonsense assent sentence26: sist = standresist resistant consistconsistent assist assistant existexistent insist insistent persistpersistent27: spect (spec) =lookspectacle prospect inspect expect respect suspectsuspicious spectator specialspecify specific speculate 28: tain (ten, tin)=holdcontain obtain sustain maintaincontinue continual continuousattain mountain fountaincurtain29: tend (tens, tent) = stretchextend extension extensive (extended family)extent attend attendantattention attentivecontent contest contestanttend tent 30: tract =drawtractor attract attractive contract abstract( concrete ) extract subtract distractdistraction distracted distracting31: ven =comeinvent invention preventprevention conventionalevent eventual32: vert (vers) = turnadvertise anniversary divert diversediversify diversity revert reverseintrovert extrovert convertversatile controversial invert avert 33: vis (vid) =seevision visible visitadvise advisablerevise supervise v isaevident evidenceprovide v ideo。
英语单词的前缀和后缀

英语单词的前缀和后缀一、常见前缀。
1. un -- 音标:[ʌn]- 词性:可加在形容词、副词、名词前,表示否定。
- 例如:unhappy [ʌnˈhæpi](adj. 不快乐的),unusually [ʌnˈju:ʒuəli](adv. 不寻常地),unemployment [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt](n. 失业)2. re -- 音标:[riː]- 词性:可加在动词前,表示“再,又;重新”。
- 例如:rewrite [ˌriːˈraɪt](v. 重写),rebuild [ˌriːˈbɪld](v. 重建)3. dis -- 音标:[dɪs]- 词性:可加在动词、形容词、名词前,表示否定或相反的意思。
- 例如:dislike [dɪsˈlaɪk](v. 不喜欢;n. 厌恶),disappear [ˌdɪs əˈpɪə(r)](v. 消失),dishonest [dɪsˈɒnɪst](adj. 不诚实的)4. in -(在字母l、m、p前变为im -,在字母r前变为ir -,在字母b、n、p前变为il -)- in -音标:[ɪn],im -音标:[ɪm],il -音标:[ɪl],ir -音标:[ɪr]- 词性:可加在形容词前,表示否定。
- 例如:inactive [ɪnˈæktɪv](adj. 不活跃的),impossible [ɪmˈpɒs əbl](adj. 不可能的),illegal [ɪˈliːgl](adj. 非法的),irregular [ɪˈreɡjələ(r)](adj. 不规则的)5. pre -- 音标:[priː]- 词性:可加在动词、名词、形容词前,表示“在……之前”。
- 例如:preview [ˈpriːvjuː](v. 预习;n. 预演),prewar [ˈpriːwɔː(r)](adj. 战前的)6. post -- 音标:[pəʊst]- 词性:可加在名词、形容词前,表示“在……之后”。
初中英语2024届中考复习前缀后缀汇总

中考英语前后缀汇总一、前缀前缀用在词根前面以改变词的意义,一般不改变词性。
1.否定前缀un-unhappy, unusual, unfair, unlike, unfriendly, uncomfortable, uncrowded, uneasy, unexpected, unlucky, unbelievable, unable, unforgettable。
im-impolite, impossible。
in-inexpensive, incorrect, informaldis-dislike, disappointed, discover, discourage, dishonest, disappear, disbelief, disadvantage, disabled。
ir-irregular2.其它前缀re-(表示再,又)review, recycle, return, reuse, reusable, researchinter-(表示在……之间,相互)interview, internet, internationalunder-(表示低于)underwear, undergroundbi-(表示两)bicycleI don’t feel happy也可以说成I feel unhappy。
unlike是介词,dislike是动词,在使用时必须注意。
另外,含有否定前缀的词用在反义疑问句中,后面简短的一般疑问句照样要用否定的,如:1.That’s impossible, isn’t it?2.He feels unlucky, doesn’t he?二、后缀后缀用在词根后面以改变词性。
1.动词变成名词在一个动词后面加上某一个后缀,使之变为名词。
①动词+er/or/ist/ress(表示动作的执行者)+erteach-teacher, work-worker, read-reader, think-thinker, perform-performer,wait-waiter, sing-singer, play-player, cook-cooker, record-recorder, keep-keeper, listen-listener, farm-farmer, climb-climber, lead-leader, speak-speaker,report-reporter, clean-cleaner, help-helper以e结尾的单词,+rwrite-writer, drive-driver, dance-dancer, ride-rider, rule-ruler, manage-manager, make-maker重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母,元音发短音时,双写尾字母,再+errun-runner, win-winner, travel-travel(l)er+orvisit-visitor, act-actor, invent-inventor, compete-competitor,translate-translator, direct-director+isttour-tourist+resswait-waitress, act-actress②动词+tionact-action, suggest-suggestion, communicate-communication, invite-invitation, pollute-pollution, compete-competition, predict-prediction, invent-invention, prepare-preparation, protect-protection, celebrate-celebration, direct-direction, educate-education, examine-examination, inspire-inspiration, introduce-introduction, produce-production, graduate-graduation, pronounce-pronunciation③动词+ingdraw-drawing, paint-painting, build-building,say-saying ,cross-crossing,happen-happening, end-ending, mean-meaning, feel-feeling, begin-beginning,open-opening④动词+mentagree-agreement, disagree-disagreement, develop-development, improve-improvement, encourage-encouragement, punish-punishment, achieve-achievement, manage-management⑤动词+anceappear-appearance, disappear-disappearance⑥动词+sionexpress-expression, discuss-discussion, decide-decision在句子中,如果作主语、宾语、表语,就要把动词改为名词。
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初中英语词缀整理常用的前缀主要有:ab 表示反常如:absent 缺席abnormal 不正规的ap 表示添加如:append 悬挂apposition 同位置bi 表示两、重如:bicycle 自行车bigamy 重婚com 表示共同如:combine 联合compete 相争dis 表示分开如:disarm 裁军dislike 讨厌im 表示不如:impossible不可能的immoral 不道德的in 表示不、向内如:informal 非正式的inhuman 不人道的non 表示无如:nonparty 无党派的nonmetal 非金属pro 表示向前如:progress 进步prognostic 预兆re 表示回、重新如:review 复习reaction 反应un 表示不、非如:unhappy 不快乐的unbalance 失去平衡常用的后缀主要有:al 表示人、物如:rival 竞争者mural 壁画cy 表示状态、职位如:bankruptcy 破产captaincy 船长er 表示人、物如:teacher 老师cooker 厨具able 表示可能的如:movable 可移动的passable 可通行的ful 表示充满如:beautiful 美丽的useful 有用的or 表示人、物如:actor 男演员mirror 镜子ist 表示人如:copyist 抄写员socialist 社会主义者ment 表示行为如:enjoyment 娱乐movement 运动ing 表示令人如:exciting 令人兴奋的interesting 令人有兴趣的ed 表示感到如:excited 感到兴奋的interested 感到有兴趣的less 表示没有的如:resistless 不抵抗的homeless 无家可归的ly 副词后缀如:gently 轻轻地intently 专心地tion 名词后缀如:graduation 毕业relation 亲属典型的前后缀应用举例:1 excite vt.刺激exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excited adj.感到兴奋的excitement n.兴奋2 smile v./n.微笑smiling adj. 微笑的smilingly adv.微笑的unsmiling adj.不笑的自学小贴士:词根词缀记忆法常常被英语初学者所忽略,如果将此法配合多遍反复记法在自学中应用则可以做到举一至少反三的妙用。
词根词缀组成规律亦是英语专业中词汇学必讲必学的一门课程。
对比近义词、反义词及形似总结记忆法:英语中存在不计其数的近义词、反义词,如果能够将众多的单词想办法联系在一起进行记忆,不仅可以有效地扩大词汇量,而且实在地锻炼了自己的思维能力。
1) 形似记忆:China 中国sinopec中国石化sinopetrol中国石油yahoo长着虎牙的人乡巴佬baggage luggage 行李2)音似记忆:sofa 沙发talk show 脱口秀hacker黑客nylon尼龙gene基因radar雷达tango探戈golf高尔夫cartoon卡通ballet芭蕾model模特aspirin阿斯匹林cigar雪茄nicotine尼古丁shock休克lemon柠檬salad沙拉copy拷贝morphine吗啡3) 特殊记忆:black tea红茶brown sugar红糖love pea红豆beauty红颜sweet potato红薯traffic light 红绿灯good luck红运green-eyed眼红4) 总结式记忆:表达“胖”plump(丰满的) heavy(份量重的) stout(壮实的) husky(结实的) strong(很壮的) well-built(健壮的)表达“生气”:angry (英式用法) mad(美式用法) be blue in the face (词组) feel hot under the collar (词组) piss off(词组) 表达“破坏”:damage destroy表达“旅行”:trip (出差性的) travel(周游世界性的) journey(陆地上的) flight(空中) voyage(海上) tour(以玩目的) sightseeing(观光)表达“打扰”:bother(口语) disturb(正式) interrupt (较不礼貌的)表达“很好的”:wonderful terrific excellent fantastic fabulous e xtraordinary表达“瘦”thin(干瘦) scrawny(骨瘦如柴的) bony(瘦骨嶙峋的) skinny(皮包骨) skin and bone(极瘦的) slim(纤细的) slender(苗条的) lean(无脂肪的)5)搞怪式记忆:“三围”bust(胸围) busty (波霸) waist(腰围) waist-belt腰带hip(臀围) hip-hop 街舞床上六件套mat(褥子) sheet(床单) quilt(被子) bed spread(床罩) pillow(枕头) cushion(小垫子)多种衣服cloth(布) clothes(衣裳) garment(衬衣) blouse(女衬衫) sweater(毛衣) coat(外套) jumper(短衫) suit(西装) costume(戏服) pants(裤子) jacket(夹克) dress(女服) T-shirt(T恤) skirt(裙子)四种虾shrimp(虾米) dried shrimps(虾仁) prawn(对虾) lobster龙虾词根词缀学英语单词是很好的方法,下面是初中英语单词构词法前缀后缀词汇一览表。
前缀un-“不”happy unhappylike unlikeusual unusualfriendly unfriendlyim-“不”possibleimpossible后缀-er“人”teach teacherplay playerclean cleanerdrive driver(以e结尾,-r)run runner(重读闭音节,双写-er)win winnertravel traveller-or“人”invent inventorvisit visitor-ly(副词后缀)bad badly / quick quickly careful carefully / happy happily deep deeply / lucky luckilyusual usually noisy noisilyslow slowly / angry angrily strong strongly /quiet quietly 特例:true trulyterrible terriblypossible possibly-ful(形容词后缀)care carefulhelp helpfuluse usefulforget forgetful-y(形容词后缀)rain rainyluck luckycloud cloudynoise noisy(以e结尾,去e,加-y)snow snowysun sunny(双写,加-y)wind windy-ion(名词后缀)invent invention operate operation-ness(名词后缀)busy businessgood goodness一些特例:动词---形容词sleep asleepdie deadenjoy enjoyable动词---现在分词转化为名词boat boatingbuild buildingbegin beginning cross crossingmeet meetingturn turning名词---形容词friend friendlysouth southernwool woolendanger dangerousdifference differentfry friedworry worried动词---过去分词转为形容词break brokenlose lost please pleasedcolour coloured动词---名词know knowledgefly flightplease pleasure名词---名词farm farmer 农夫动词---现在分词、过去分词转为形容词follow followinginterest interested“感兴趣的”只作表语,仅用于be interested ininteresting “有趣的”可作表语和定语develop developed “发达的”developing “发展中的”。