初中英语语法专项：简单句知识点学案(附练习答案)

简单句概念：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫简单句。

一，根据句子的结构分类：①主谓The sun is rising.The train has left.②主系表we are students.The fish has gone bad.③主谓宾she is writing a letter.④主谓间接宾语+直接宾语she gave me a book.He told us a lie.⑤主谓宾+宾补he made us laugh.I hear someone singing.⑥there be句型there is a book on the desk.There are 50 students in our class.二，根据句子作用分类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句1，陈述句用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法。

①肯定式My daughter has graduadted from school.②否定式1),be和助动词will,, have情态动词can, shall, should后直接加not. Mike will not go there.2),行为动词，借助don’t ,doesn’t, didn’tShe didn’t come to school yesterday.3)注意：all both与not 连用表半否定All these books are not mine.这些书并非都是我的。

2，疑问句分为四种，一般疑问，特殊疑问，反义疑问，选择疑问。

1），一般疑问句用yes, no来回答。

Is she a teacher?Yes , she is.2)，特殊疑问句When will you go to visit the Great Wall?Who is in the room?（who作主语）Why don”t you …?表建议3), 反义疑问句分俩类：①陈述句+疑问部分（前肯定后否定;前否定后肯定）He doesn’t like sports, does he?注意：前有否定词缀时，He dislikes sports,doesn”t he?前含有never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nothing,等否定词时，He hardly knows English ,does he?前有I don”t think (believe,suppose,expect)时，I don”t think he can finish the work,can he?She thinks I can finish the work,doesn”t she?③肯定式+肯定疑问祈使句时Have a cup of tea , will you?Let’s go there, shall we?请对方证实Your bike is outside, is it?反义疑问句的回答，事实肯定用yes,事实否定用noJapan is in Europe ,isn”t it?No ,it isn”t.Japan isn”t in Europe,is it?No ,it isn”t4），选择疑问句Do you go to work by bus or by bike?3，祈使句表示命令，请求，建议Get up.Come in, please.Don’t be afraid.Let’s go homeDon’t let the dog come into the room.4,感叹句How引导.（修饰形容词或副词）What 引导（修饰中心词是名词，前可能有形容词修饰）How fluently he speaks English!What fine weather!注意冠词位置：What a moving story!How moving a story！三，句子成分主谓宾定状补，表，同位语1,主语句子所说的人和物We get up at six in the morning.2,谓语说明主语的动作或状态,动词充当He plays football on Sunday .3,宾语谓语动词的动作对象，介词后，或动词后The flood destroyed many houses.分俩种，指人的是直接宾语，指物的是间接宾语My parents gave me a present on my birthday.4,定语用来修饰名词，意思是“...的”The book on the desk is mine.That is an interesting story.Is there anything that I can do for you?5,状语修饰动词，或形容词，或句子，表时间，地点，原因，目的，程度，结果等When I got to the station, the train had left,She comes here to borrow some books.6,宾语补足语位于宾语后，补充说明宾语The bad news made her sad.7,表语系动词后，We are happy.The music sounds nice.He became a teacher at the age of 20.8,同位语说明前面名词表示的具体内容We students must study hard.9,there be 句型注意主语后定语的结构There is a man waiting for you .There were 20 people killed in the accident. There is something important to deal with. 辨析：There be:某地有某物Have:拥有There are 4 members in my family.I have a brother and a sister.简单句练习题一、划分句子成分1.My brother hasn’t done his homework.A B C2.The old man was feeling very tired.A B C3.She was the first to learn about it.A B C D4.There was a big smile on her face.A B5.He began to learn English when he was young.A B C D6.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D7.She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D E8.People all over the world speak English.A B C D9.They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D E10.S he loves the library because she loves books.A B C D二、变换句型1.He did his homework last night. （变否定句）2.Robert is a student. （变否定句）3.It is cold on the moon at night. （变一般疑问句）4.We had a physics test last Wednesday. （就划线部分提问）5.She has supper at six. （变反意疑问句）三、单项选择1. he gave you!A. what good adviceB. how good adviceC. what a good adviceD. how good advices2. ---didn’t you enjoy the performance last night?-----______.it was less wonderful than expected.A. Yes, I did.B. Yes ,I didn’tC .No ,I didn’t D. No, I did3.It is the third time that Jhon has been late,________?A.Hasn’t heB.isn’t heC.Isn’t itD.hasn’t it4.Tom _____swimming in cold water.A.not likeB.likes notC.doesn’t likeD.does like not5.wait a minute________?A.shall youB.will youC.do youD. don’t you6. The suit’s finished________?A.Don’t itB. isn’t itC.Haven’t itD.don’t you7.i don’t think he will come to our party________?A. will heB. won’t heC.does heD. do i8.________down the radio! The baby is asleep in the next room.A.TurningB. To turnC.TurningD.Turn9.since you have repaired my tv set,____ is no need for me to buy a new one.A.ItB.thereC. thisD. that10. she set out soon after dark ____home an hour.A. ArrivingB. to arriveC. having arrivedD. and arrived11. she dislike this skirt_______?A. Doesn’t sheB. doesn’t sheC. Isn’t sheD. is she12. ---_____ is your father.---he is a teacher in a middle school.A. WhatB. whoC. whichD. where13. ---how is your father?---_____?A .He is fine, thank you!B. He is only 40.C. He is a driverD. He likes football best.14.--________have you been away from home?---I have been away from home for five months.A. How muchB. how longC. What timeD. when15. let’s take a rest,_______?A. Will weB. shall weC. Shan’t weD. won’t we答案：1—5 ACCCB 6—10DADBD11—15BAABB11 / 11。