当代物流学(第7讲)
Minimum travel Space utilization Ergonomics Energy Ecology Mechanization
5-16
Materials Handling Principles
Automation Flexibility Simplification Gravity Safety Computerization
and recycle it
5-6
Packaging
Protective functions of packaging
Enclose materials Restrain materials from undesired movement Separate contents to prevent undesired contact Cushion contents from outside vibrations and shocks Support the weight of identical containers stacked above Position the contents to provide maximum protection Provide for uniform weight distribution Provide exterior surface for labeling Be tamperproof Be safe for consumers or others
5-14
Materials Handling
Materials handling refers to how the materials or products are handled physically
How the products are handled depends on whether they are packaged or in bulk
Disadvantages
Provides large quantity that sometimes is of limited value to resellers dealing in smaller quantities
Must use mechanical or automated device to move
Basic unit is a pallet
Lumber is expensive so firms want pallets returned
Provides cushioning effect in transport Quality of pallets varies widely Chep USA rents pallets in wood or plastic
Bar codes, two-dimension codes, radiofrequency codes systems facilitate integration throughout the supply chain
5-18
Unit Loads in Materials Handling
A unit load is one or more boxes secured to a pallet so that boxes can be handled by mechanical means
Air carriers usually use irregular shaped containers made to fit fuselage
5-22
Figure 5-7: Various Types of
Intermodal Surface
Containers
5-23
Density of bulk materials Ability to withstand exposure to elements Respiration
Chemical Characteristics
Incompatible products Products requiring chemicals
5-3
Figure 5-1: Portion of Fabric
Care Label for Levi’s Jeans Sold in Japan
5-4
Product Characteristics
Hazardous Cargo
Explosives Compressed gases Flammable liquids Oxidizers Poisons Radioactive materials Corrosive materials
CHAPTER 5
Protective Packaging and Materials Handling
Learning Objectives
To know how product features affect packaging and materials handling
To identify the functions performed by protective packaging
Systems flow Layout Cost Maintenance Obsolescence Team solution
5-17
Materials Handling in the Supply Chain
Products can move throughout the entire supply chain
5-9
Figure 5-3: Results of Compression Test
5-10
Packaging
A package system requires 3 types of information to design
Severity of the distribution environment Fragility of the product Performance characteristics of various cushion
5-12
Figure 5-4: Examples of Shipping Labels
5-13
Figure 5-5: A Handheld Laser Scanner Scanning Labels on a Pallet Load of
Product Sitting in a Warehouse Rack
materials
5-11
Packaging
Labeling
Batch numbers Weight Specific contents Instructions for use Information to allow passage through customs One- or two-dimensional bar codes
Handling may change the characteristics of the product
5-15
Materials Handlingion Requirements Integrated system Standardization Just-in-time Unit load
5-19
Unit Loads in Materials Handling
Advantages
Additional protection
More fragile items can be stacked inside the load
Mechanical devices can be substituted for hand labor
5-20
Figure 5-6: A Battery Powered Lift Truck Used for Stock Picking
5-21
Unit Loads in Materials Handling
An intermodal container holds the unit load
Interchangeable among rail, truck, and water carriers
To learn materials handling principles To analyze the utilization of unit loads in
materials handling
5-2
Product Characteristics
Physical Characteristics
5-7
Figure 5-2: Boxmaker’s Certificate
(BMC)
5-8
Packaging
Package testing
Vibrations Dropping Horizontal impacts Compression Overexposure to extreme temperatures or moisture Rough handling
5-5
Product Characteristics
Environmental Protection
Reduce packing materials used Use packaging materials that are more
environmentally friendly with recycled content Use reusable containers Retain or support services that collect used packaging
现代物流学第七章PPT
1-6
Rates and Rating
Class rates （分类，根据目的地确定费率） Classification Rate administration Minimum charge Surcharge Special rates and services
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
1-5
Carrier Pricing Strategies
Cost-of-service Value-of-service Combination Pricing
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
1-15
Freight Control
Tracing Locate lost or late shipments Expediting notify a specific shipment move without delay
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Supply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright© 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
1-1
Supply Chain Logistics Management
当代物流学(第九版)第7单元教学ppt
Freight Payment and Audit Services
Routing
01
02
03
04
Diversion occurs when the shipper notifies the carrier, prior to arrival, of a change in destination
Reconsignment occurs when the shipper notifies the carrier, after arrival, of a change in destination
3 2 1
Expediting is rapidly moving a shipment through a carrier’s system
Both of these are less likely to be used today since shipments can be pinpointed en route and carriers provide better on-time performance
Tracing is the attempt to locate lost or late shipments ——Done by computer at no cos
1
2
3
Demurrage and Detention
Consolidating Small Shipments
01 02
Figure 7-13: The Transportation Manager Consolidates Shipments Whenever He or She Can
That is all Thank you
现代物流学 PPT课件
装卸搬运概述
• 装卸搬运的概念 装卸：是指物流在指定地点以人力或机械 装入运输设备或卸下；（垂直移动） 搬运：是指在同一场所内，对物品进行以 水平移动为主的物流作业； 广义的装卸则包括了搬运活动；
47
装卸搬运概述
• 装卸搬运的地位 在物流活动中，装卸活动是不断出现和反 复进行的，它的频率高于其他各项物流活 动。
▲ 1.3.1 物流合理化的含义 1.3.2 物流合理化的作用
▲ 1.3.3 物流合理化的四种模式
33
1.3 物流合理化
▲物流合理化的含义
• 物流合理化 物流合理化是指设备配置和一切活动趋于 合理化的物流过程。
• 如何处理好降低物流成本与提高服务水平 的关系就是合理化物流的过程
34
1.3 物流合理化
者结合才能有效地实现商品由供方向需方 的转移过程。两者关系密切，相辅相成。
19
1.1 现代物流概述 现代物流与流通
• 商流与物流的关系 （2）商物分离
20
1.1 现代物流概述
现代物流与流通
• 商流与物流的关系 （2）商物分离的优点
缓和交通拥挤；仓库规模大，物流作业集 中；回路配送，提高运输水平，降低运输 费用；职能单纯化，提高工作效率；
包装合理化
• 包装的合理化原则 合理设置包装方式 （第一因素是考虑装卸；第二是考虑保管； 第三是考虑运输） 合理选用包装材料与技术 方便包装物回收利用，实现资源再循环
44
包装合理化
• 网络经济时代包装管理的发展趋势
45
物流活动构成
2.2 装卸搬运
▲ 2.2.1 装卸搬运概述 ▲ 2.2.2 装卸搬运合理化
现代物流学
1
目 录
Chapter 1 现代物流概述
当代物流学相关知识培训(英文版)(ppt 22页)
Allocating is breaking a homogeneous supply into smaller lots
Asserting is building up assortments of goods for resale, usually to retail customers
Two : the meaning of logistics
Clm : logistics is that point of the supply chain process that plans, implement, and controls the efficient ,effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers’ requirement
Salvage and scrap dispose Transportation management Warehousing management
The most significant contribution that the logistics channel makes to the overall channel process is the sorting function, this function involves rearranging the assortment of products as they flow through the channels through the customer, taking large blocks of single products and rearranging them into quantities, assortments, and varieties that consumer prefer.
当代物流学(第16讲)
——总体讲，企业物流规划主要解决4个方 面的问题：1)客户服务目标：物流战略规 划的首要任务是确定适当的客户服务水平。 2)选址战略。3)库存战略。4)运输战略。
4.物流规划的思想基础
(1)物流规划是一项系统工程
物流系统是指在一定的时间和空间里，由 所需移动的物资、设备工具、仓储设施、人员 和通讯联系等若干相互制约的动态要素所构成 的具有特定功能的有机整体。和一般系统一样， 物流系统具有输入、转换及输出三大功能，通 过输入和输出使系统与社会环境进行交换，并 与环境相依存。
讨论：在什么条件下，第2方案优于第 1方案？
B地 超市
A地工厂
B地 超市
B地 超市
方案1
图1-1 两种物流系统方案比较
A地工厂
配送中心
方案2
B地 超市
B地 超市
B地 超市
2.物流规划的概念和分类
物流规划是在一定系统范围内对整个物 流体系建设进行总体的战略部署。研究确定 物流系统的发展方向、规模和结构，合理配 置资源，统一安排交通运输仓储等设施。
按照行业分类的不同，有军事物流规划、 农业物流规划、食品行业物流规划等。
(2)微观层面的物流规划：主要是从企业 物流运营的角度进行系统规划和优化，包括 消费者、生产者和流通企业所从事的、实际 的、具体的物流活动；也包括在整个物流活 动中局部的、一个环节的具体物流活动。
微观层面的物流规划主要包括3种类型：
3)支撑要素——是指建立物流系统所需 要的各种支撑手段，主要包括体制、制度， 法律、规章，行政、命令，组织及管理， 标准化系统等方面。
(4)物流系统的功能
物流系统的功能是指物流系统所具有的 物流服务基本能力，其相互结合、有效协 调，形成系统的总服务能力。一般认为物 流系统都拥有或部分拥有集货、运输(配 送)、储存、装卸搬运、包装、流通加工和 物流信息处理等功能。
现代物流学(完整版)
现代物流学（叶怀珍第二版）（完整版）目录第一章现代物流学总论 (3)1.1 物流基本概念 (3)1.2 现代物流系统的构成和功能 (3)1.3 现代物流学的研究对象 (3)第二章国内外物流动态和发展趋势 (4)2.1 国外物流发展的特点 (4)2.2 物流合理化与标准化 (4)2.3 物流技术发展和物流管理现代化 (5)2.4 物流国际化 (6)2.5 第三方物流和供应链管理一体化 (7)2.6 中国物流展望 (8)第三章交通运输技术与组织管理 (9)3.1 货物运输方式及其运营特性 (9)3.2 运输技术与管理 (9)3.3合理运输 (10)3.4集装箱与集装化运输 (12)第四章仓储管理 (13)4.1 储存概述 (13)4.2 仓库管理 (14)4.3库存控制策略 (14)第五章包装技术与管理 (15)5.1 包装的功能 (15)5.2 包装技术和方法 (15)5.3包装机械 (16)5.4 包装管理 (17)第六章装卸搬运 (18)6.1 装卸搬运概述 (18)6.2 装卸搬运工作组织 (18)6.3 散装和特种物品的装卸与搬运 (19)6.4 集装箱的装卸与搬运 (19)第七章配送及配送业务管理 (21)7.1 、配送的概念： (21)7.2 配送业务 (22)7.3 配送管理 (23)第八章流通加工 (24)8.1 流通加工概述 (24)8.2 流通加工形式与内容 (24)8.3 流通加工管理 (25)第九章物流信息系统 (26)9.1 物流信息及管理 (26)9.2 物流信息技术 (27)9.3 物流信息系统及其开发 (28)9.4 物流决策支持系统 (28)第十章物流中心网络概述 (30)10.1 物流中心与物流园区概述 (30)10.2 物流中心网络布局 (30)10.3 物流中心设计与投资的一般原则 (30)第十一章物流运输站（场）规划 (30)11.1 铁路货运站（场）规划 (30)11.2 公路货运站（场）规划 (30)11.3 水路货运码头规划 (30)11.4 航空货运港站规划 (30)11.5 管道输送站规划 (30)第十二章货物运输的优化求解 (30)12.1 产销运输问题 (30)12.2 分配运输问题 (30)12.3 网络流问题 (30)12.4 送货集货问题 (30)第一章现代物流学总论1.1 物流基本概念（一）物和流物：一切可以进行物理性位移的物质资料流：物理性移动（伴随的信息流动，资金流动）（二）物流的定义物流——物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动中，将运输、储存、装卸搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等功能有机结合，优化管理来满足物主要求的过程。
当代物流学
强势零售商往往掌握着比那些供应它们的公司更大的权力。
Many power retailers recognize superior logistics as an essential component of their corporate strategies.
Industrial distribution
Logistics
Logistics management
Materials management
Physical distribution
Supply chain management
Logistics: What It Is
(2) CSCMP definition:
职能内各物流活动相互依赖
Business logistics is made up of
Inbound logistics
内向物流
Materials management
物料管理
Physical distribution
实物配送
The Systems and Total Cost Approaches to Logistics
顾客行为的变化具有重要的物流意义。例如市场细分化、不断改变的家庭角色、不断增加的顾客期望等都具有其物流意义。
(3) Technological Advances
Technological Advances of Computer hardware, software and capacity facilitate logistical activities.
现代物流学概论(PPT 74页)
2020/11/15
12
3.2 80-20曲线 (The 80-20 Curve)
80-20曲线的概念源于帕累托法则 （Paratoo's Law)
产品类别总和（%）
18
ABC分类法
A类产品：起65%-80%作用却占15%-20%的物品
严格控制
B类产品：起15%-20%作用却占30%-40%的物品
正常控制
C类产品：起5%-15%作用却占40%-55%的物品
简单控制
80-20曲线概念决定了各种产品物流管理水平的差 异。
2020/11/15
7
451
89.1%
50.0%
8
412
91.9%
57.1%
9
214
93.6%
64.3%
10
205
95.1%
71.4%
11
188
96.4%
78.6%
12
172
97.6%
85.7%
13
170
98.7%
92.9%
14
159
① 13966
100.0
②
100.0
③
17
随后,根据得出的计算结果在坐标轴上绘出这些点:
Hale Waihona Puke 最广，会有很多存储点，产品
的现货供应比率也控制在较好
的水平上。
4. 衰退期：产品的销量下 为保持高效的配送，需调整产
降
品运输和存货调度的模式。存
储点将减少，产品库存将下降，
当代物流学摘要
第一章物流和供应链经济效用：是指产品在满足顾客的需要和需求上的价值或有用性。
四种经济效用：1）拥有效用；指的是能够拥有某产品的顾客所得到的价值或有用性。
2）形式效用：产品以一种形式存在，这时产品一方面可以被顾客使用，另一方面对顾客有价值。
3）地点效用：指在顾客需要的地方提供产品；产品被从较低价值的地点移动到较高价值的地点。
4）时间效用：是指当顾客需要的时候提供产品。
CSCMP（供应链管理专业协会）定义物流：物流是供应链管理的一部分，它以满足顾客需求为目标，对产品、服务和相关信息在起始点和消费点之间的有效率、有效果的正向和逆向流动和储存进行计划、实施和控制。
定义要点：1）物流是供应链管理的一部分。
2）指出物流进行计划、实施和控制。
3）有效率、有效果的正向和逆向流动和储存。
4）物流参与产品、服务和相关信息的流动储存。
5）物流的目的是满足顾客需求。
物流日益增长的重要性的原因：1）经济规制的放松；2）顾客行为的改变；3）技术进步；4）零售商权力不断增大；5）贸易全球化。
系统方法的寓意之一是主要职能部门的目的和目标必须与公司的目的和目标一致。
寓意之二是一个职能部门指定的决策应该考虑对其他部门的潜在影响。
最小存货单位（SKU）的增长意味着：1）更多的项目需要辨别；2）更多的项目需要储存；3）更多的项目需要跟踪。
总成本方法：是以成本效益的方式来协调内向物流、物料管理和实物配送。
公司内部的物流关系：（1）财务：库存是财务经理关心的一个领域，需要考虑的是评估库存的价值、财务上经常用美元成本或美元价值来衡量库存和库存浮动的因素。
库存浮动是指与持有库存相关的现金流。
（2）营销：1）地点决策可能也包含接近新顾客的新策略。
联合品牌优势：1 为潜在顾客提供便利；2 增加顾客一次消费中的花费；3 促进品牌意识。
2）价格决策物流系统中浪费严重的公司面临的选择：第一种是将较高的物流成本转嫁到顾客身上，因此提高产品价格。
第二种是保持价格不变，但是降低产品质量或数量，这会导致顾客流失。
小保罗·R·墨菲《当代物流学》习题辅导
中国经济管理大学学员教辅小保罗·R·墨菲《MBA当代物流学》习题辅导>中国自学网1: Logistics and the Supply Chain (1)Chapter 2: The Supply Chain Management Concept (23)！Chapter 3: Logistics and Information Technology (43)Chapter 4: Demand Management, Order Management and Customer Service (62)Chapter 5: Protective Packaging and Materials Handling (81)《Chapter 6: Transportation (98)Chapter 7: Transportation Management (115)|Chapter 8: Distribution Center, Warehouse, and Plant Location (135)Chapter 9: Inventory Management (157)Chapter 10: Warehousing Management (182)-Chapter 11: Procurement (201)Chapter 12: International Logistics (221)…Chapter 13: Logistics Systems Controls (240)Chapter 14: Organizing and Analyzing Logistics Systems (260)；(PART II;ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONSCHAPTER 1: LOGISTICS AND THE SUPPLY CHAIN1. Did it surprise you that logistics can be such an important component in a country’s economic system Why or why not它构成了一个国家至少10%的GDP、对于经济增长有很重要的作用The answer to this question likely depends on a student’s prior exposure to logistics. A “typical” student in an undergraduate basic logistics course likely has had limited exposure to and knowledge about logisticsand thus would likely be unaware as to logist ics’ impact on a country’s economic system. As such, she/hemight be pleasantly surprised to learn that logistics often accounts for at least 10% of a country’s GDP and also is important for economic growth and development.2.Distinguish between possession, form, time, and place utility.—Possession utility refers to the value or usefulness that comes from a customer being able to takepossession of a product and can be influenced by the relevant payment terms. Form utility refers to aproduct’s being in a form that (1) can be used by the customer and (2) is of value to the customer. Timeutility refers to having products available when they are needed by customers while place utility refers to having products available where they are needed by customers.3.How does logistics contribute to time and place utility时间效用：不同产品有不同的时间敏感度，香蕉和铅笔；地点效用：把产品从价至少的地方运到价值大的地方。