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大学英语精读第四册第六单元内容讲解

大学英语精读第四册第六单元内容讲解大学英语精读第四册第六单元内容讲解导语：大家应该都是喜欢看书的人吧，那么大家知道怎么标记一本书吗，下面是一篇讲述如何标记一本书的英语课文，欢迎大家参考。

Text"Don't ever mark in a book!" Thousands of teachers, librarians and parents have so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and needn't preserve its physical appearance, marking it properly will grant you the ownership of the book in the true sense of the word and make it a part of yourself.HOW TO MARK A BOOKMortimer J. AdlerYou know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher'sicebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers -- unread, untouched. (This individual owns wood-pulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books -- a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many -- every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of painting or a statue. If your respect for magnificent binding or printing gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or thethoughts the author expressed. Let me develop these three points.If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. you can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, "Gone with the Wind," doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the crooning of Mr. Vallee. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep.If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know that you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know is President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also has the hardest schedule of business activities of any man I know. He invariably read with pencil, and sometimes, when he picks up a book and pencil in the evening, he finds himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he calls " caviar factories" on the margins. When that happens, he puts the book down. He knows he's too tired to read, and he's just wasting time.But, you may ask, why is writing necessary? Well, the physical act of writing, with your own hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory. To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the questions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen thosequestions. You can pick up the book the following week or year, and there are all your points of agreement, disagreement, doubt and inquiry. It's like resuming an interrupted conversation with the advantage of being able to pick up where you left off.And that is exactly what reading a book should be: a conversation between you and the author. Presumably he knows more about the subject than you do; naturally you'll have the proper humility as you approach him. But don't let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end. Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn't consist in being an empty receptacle. The learner has to question himself and question the teacher. He even has to argue with the teacher, once he understands what the teacher is saying. And marking a book is literally an expression of your differences, or agreements of opinion, with the author.There are all kinds of devices for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully. Here's the way I do it:1. Underlining: of major points, of important or forceful statements.2. Vertical lines at the margin: to emphasize a statement already underlined.3. Star, asterisk, or other doo-dad at the margin: to be used sparingly, to emphasize the ten or twenty most important statements in the book.4. Numbers in the margin: to indicate the sequence of points the author makes in developing a single argument.5. Number of other pages in the margin: to indicate where else in the book the author made points relevant to the point marked; to tie up the ideas in a book, which, though they may be separated by many pages, belong together.6. Circling of key words or phrases.7. Writing in the margin, or at the top or bottom of the page, for the sake of: recording questions (and perhaps answers) which a passage raise in your mind; reducing a complicated discussion to a simple statement; recording the sequence of major points right through the book. I use the end-papers at the back of the book to make a personal index of the author's points in the order of their appearance.The front end-papers are, to me, the most important. Some people reserve them for a fancy bookplate, I reserve them for fancy thinking. After I have finished reading the book and making my personal index on the back end-papers, I turn to the front and try to outline the book, not page by page, or point by point (I've already done that at the back), but as an integrated structure, with a basic unity and an order of parts. This outline is, to me, the measure of my understanding of the work.New Wordspersuadevt. cause (sb.) to do sth. by reasoning, arguing, etc. 说服，劝服librariann. 图书馆管理员propertyn. (collectively) things owned; possessions 财产preluden. action, event, etc. that serves as an introduction 序幕;前奏曲possessionn. possessing; ownership; (pl.) property 拥有;所有权;财产ownershipn. the possessing (of sth.); right of possessing 所有(权)illustrationn. an example which explains the meaning of sth.; adn explanatory picture, diagram, etc. 例;图例;插图beefsteakn. 牛排transfervt. had over the possession of (property, etc.); change officially from one position, etc. to another 转移;调动butchern. a person who kills, cuts up and sells animals for food 屠夫iceboxn. a box where food is kept cool with blocks of ice; (AmE) refrigeratorbloodstreamn. the blood as it flows through the blood vessels of the body 血流absorbvt. take or such in (liquids); take in (knowledge, ideas, etc.)吸收best-sellern. book that is sold in very large numbers 畅销书individualn. any one human being ( contrasted with society ) 个人woodpulpn. 木(纸)浆dipv. plunge or be plunged quickly or briefly into a liquid, esp. to wet or coat 浸;蘸shinya. giving off light as if polished; bright 发亮的restrainvt. prevent; control; hold back 抑制;控制，约束dogeareda. (of a book) having he corners of the pages bent down with use, like a dog's ears (书页)卷角的dilapidateda. (of things) broken and old; falling to pieces 破旧的;倾坍的'loosenv. make or become loose or looser (使)松开continuala. repeated; frequent 不断的;频繁的scribblev. write hastily or carelessly; write meaningless marks on paper, etc. 潦草书写;乱涂preservevi. keep safe from harm of danger 保护;保存intacta. untouched; undamaged 完整无损的elegantlyad. beautifully; gracefully 优美地;雅致地elegant a.bind (bound)vt. tie or fasten with a rope, etc.; fasten together sheets of (a book) and enclose within a cover 捆，绑;装订(书)editionn. form in which a book is published; total number of copies (of a book, newspaper, etc.) issued from the same types (书等的)版本;版paradisen. the Garden of Eden; Heaven 伊甸园;天堂crayonn. 蜡笔; 颜色笔originala. of or relating to an origin or beginning; being the first instance or source from which a cop can be made 最初的;原著的;原创作者的paintingn. a painted picture; picturestatuen. an image of a person or animal in wood, stone, bronze, etc. 雕像inseparablea. impossible to separate from one anothermanufacturevt. make, produce on a large scale by machinery 制造;(大量)生产magnificenta. splendid; remarkable 华丽的;宏伟的indispensablea. absolutely essential or necessary 必不可少的consciousa. aware; able to feel and think 有意识的;神志清醒understandingn. knowledge of the nature of sth., based esp. on learning or experience 理解fictionn. (branch of literature concerned with) stories, novels and romances 小说croonvi. sing gently in a low soft voice, usu. with much feeling 低声吟唱readern. person who readsinvariablyad. unchangeable; constantly 不变地;始终如一地intelligenta. having or showing a high degree of powers of reasoning or understanding 聪明的caviar(e)n. 鱼子酱sharpenv. become or make sharp(er)disagreementn. the fact or a case of disagreeing; lack of similarity 分歧;不一致disagree viinquiryn. question; asking 询问resumevt. go on after stopping for a time (中断后)重新开始naturallyad. of course; as one could have expectedhumilityn. humble condition or state of mind 谦卑solelyad. not including anything else or any others; onlysole a.receptaclen. a container for keeping things in 容器literallyad. actually; virtually 确实地;简直fruitfullyad. productively; with good results 富有成果地fruitful a.underlinevt. draw a line under (a word, etc.) esp. to show importance 在……下划线(表示强调)forcefula. strong; powerfulverticala. 垂直的emphasizevt. call attention to; stress 强调asteriskn. a starlike mark used to call attention to sth. 星号(即*)doo-dadn. (informal) a fancy, trifling ornament 小装饰物sparinglyad. economically; frugally 节约地sequencen. succession; connected line of events, ideas, etc. 顺序;连续;一连串relevanta. connected with what is being discussed; appropriate 有关的;适宜的phrasen. 短语end-papern. (often pl.) a piece of blank paper stuck inside the cover atthe beginning or end of a book 衬页indexn. 索引fancya. not ordinary; brightly coloured 别致的;花哨的bookplaten. a piece of paper with the owner's name, usu. pasted to the inside front cover of a book 藏书票integratevt. put or bring together (parts) into a whole 使成一整体structuren. way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.; framework or essential parts of a building 结构basica. essential; fundamental 主要的;基本的unitym. an arrangement of parts to form a complete whole; the state of being united 总体布局;统一Phrases & Expressionsread between the lines(fig.) find more meaning than the words appear to express 体会字里行间的言外之意do(sb.) goodhelp or benefit (sb.) 帮助(某人);对(某人)有益dip intoread or study for a short time or without much attention 浏览;稍加探究no more……than……in no greater degree……than……a set ofa number of (thing that belong together) 一套so to speak/ say(used as an apology for an unusual use of a word or phrase) as one might say; if I may use this expression, etc. 可以说;容许我打个譬喻get in the waybecome a nuisance or hindrance 挡道;碍事in the second placeas the second thing in order or importance 第二，其次think throughthink about until one reaches an understanding or conclusion 彻底全面考虑reach forstretch out one's hand to grasp; make an effort to grasp 伸手去抓;努力争取set downwrite down on paperpick upstart again after interruption 中断后重新开始leave offstopconsist inlie in; be equivalent to 在于;存在于tie upconnect closely; fasten with rope, etc. 系紧;捆牢reduce……tostate in a more concise form; summarize as 把……归纳为Proper NamesRembrandt伦勃朗(姓氏)Dewey杜威(姓氏) Vallee瓦利(姓氏) Hutchins哈钦斯Chicago芝加哥(美国城市)。

现代大学英语精读4基础英语

现代大学英语精读4基础英语(总19页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit 1 Text Ⅰ Thinking as a HobbyParaphrases of the Text1.2.The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural.(3)The leopard symbolizes Nature,which stands for all animal needs or desires.美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。

3.4.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense andleft me out.(15)Everybody, except me ,is born with the ability to thin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。

5.6.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest andstruggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.(19)你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。

他的身体因为不习惯7.8.In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by aninvisible and irresistible spring in his neck.(20)Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。

大学英语精读课文第四册背诵

大学英语精读课文第四册UNIT 1. Big Bucks the Easy WayTwo college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is.BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAYJohn G. Hubbell"Y ou ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags."I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered."I can live with it," his brother agreed."But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone."Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired."Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.""Another truck?""The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it w ill be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening.What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning."Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted." Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!""Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?""Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do."At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, ofpages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning.""Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife."Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so."A wful," I reported. "Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think.""Good. Y our college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'""That's encouraging.""No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!""Another thing," she continued. "Y our college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm.Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! Y ou should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags."But that would cut into our profit," he suggested."There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.""Do it!""Y es, sir!"By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed.The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink.As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amountfor gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. This left them with $185 each — about two-thirds theminimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while.All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances."Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!""We're going to be rich!"Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library."No! No!" I cried. "Y ou can't sell our books!""Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!""Y ou're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain."Sure you are. Y ou read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……"UNIT 2. Deer and the Energy CycleIs there anything we can learn from deer? During the "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 the writer of this essay was living in northern Minnesota and was able to observe how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessons he learns about he way deer conserve energy turn out applicable to our everyday life.DEER AND THE ENERGY CYCLESome persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn't love; it's money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends.It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer.A good case in point is the whiter-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body's needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources.As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother's milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in thefall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow.As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold.But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter—an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don't hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available.When the "energy crisis" first came in 1973-1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: " Drive only when necessary," we were told. "Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down." Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chance of surviving in winter.Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animal such as deer.Y es, life—and death, too -- is a cycle that goes round and round, and when animals die their bodies become food for other life forms to use by converting them into energy.And the cycle continues.UNIT 3. Why Do W e Believe That the Earth Is RoundCan you prove that the earth is round? Go ahead and try! Will you rely on your senses or will you have to draw on the opinions of experts?WHY DO WE BELIEVE THA T THE EARTH IS ROUND?George OrwellSomewhere or other — I think it is in the preface to saint Joan — Bernard Shaw remarks that we are more gullible and superstitious today than we were in the Middle Ages, and as an exampleof modern credulity he cites the widespread belief that the earth is round. The average man, says Shaw, can advance not a single reason for thinking that the earth is round. He merely swallows this theory because there is something about it that appeals to the twentieth-century mentality.Now, Shaw is exaggerating, but there is something in what he says, and the question is worth following up, for the sake of the light it throws on modern knowledge. Just why do we believe that the earth is round? I am not speaking of the few thousand astronomers, geographers and so forth who could give ocular proof, or have a theoretical knowledge of the proof, but of the ordinary newspaper-reading citizen, such as you or me.As for the Flat Earth theory, I believe I could refute it. If you stand by the seashore on a clear day, you can see the masts and funnels of invisible ships passing along the horizon. This phenomenon can only be explained by assuming that the earth's surface is curved. But it does not follow that the earth is spherical. Imagine another theory called the Oval Earth theory, which claims that the earth is shaped like an egg. What can I say against it?Against the Oval Earth man, the first card I can play is the analogy of the sun and moon. The Oval Earth man promptly answers that I don't know, by my own observation, that those bodies are spherical. I only know that they are round, and they may perfectly well be flat discs. I have no answer to that one. Besides, he goes on, what reason have I for thinking that the earth must be the same shape as the sun and moon? I can't answer that one either.My second card is the earth's shadow: When cast on the moon during eclipses, it appears to be the shadow of a round object. But how do I know, demands the Oval Earth man, that eclipses of the moon are caused by the shadow of the earth? The answer is that I don't know, but have taken this piece of information blindly from newspaper articles and science booklets.Defeated in the minor exchanges, I now play my queen of trumps: the opinion of the experts. The Astronomer Royal, who ought to know, tells me that the earth is round. The Oval Earth man covers the queen with his king. Have I tested the Astronomer Royal's statement, and would I even know a way of testing it? Here I bring out my ace. Y es, I do know one test. The astronomers can foretell eclipses, and this suggests that their opinions about the solar system are pretty sound. I am, to my delight, justified in accepting their say-so about the shape of the earth.If the Oval Earth man answers — what I believe is true — that the ancient Egyptians, who thought the sun goes round the earth, could also predict eclipses, then bang goes my ace. I have only one card left: navigation. People can sail ship round the world, and reach the places they aim at, by calculations which assume that the earth is spherical. I believe that finishes the Oval Earth man, though even then he may possibly have some kind of counter.It will be seen that my reasons for thinking that the earth is round are rather precarious ones. Y et this is an exceptionally elementary piece of information. On most other questions I should have to fall back on the expert much earlier, and would be less able to test his pronouncements. And much the greater part of our knowledge is at this level. It does not rest on reasoning or on experiment, but on authority. And how can it be otherwise, when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty? Most people, if asked to prove that the earth is round, would not even bother to produce the rather weak arguments I have outlined above. They would start off by saying that "everyone knows" the earth to be round, and if pressed further, would become angry. In a way Shaw is right. This is a credulous age, and the burden of knowledge which we now have to carry is partly responsible.UNIT 4. Jim ThorpeJim Thorpe, an American Indian, is generally accepted as the greatest all-round athlete of the first half of the 20th century. Y et the man, who brought glory to his nation, had a heartbreaking life. What caused his sadness and poverty?JIM THORPESteve GelmanThe railroad station was jammed. Students from Lafayette College were crowding onto the train platform eagerly awaiting the arrival of the Carlisle Indian school's track and field squad. No one would have believed it a few months earlier. A school that nobody had heard of was suddenly beating big, famous colleges in track meets. Surely these Carlisle athletes would come charging off the train, one after another, like a Marine battalion.The train finally arrived and two young men — one big and broad, the other small and slight — stepped onto the platform."Where's the track team?" a Lafayette student asked."This is the team," replied the big fellow."Just the two of you?""Nope, just me," said the big fellow. "This little guy is the manager."The Lafayette students shook their heads in wonder. Somebody must be playing a joke on them. If this big fellow was the whole Carlisle track team, he would be competing against an entire Lafayette squad.He did. He ran sprints, he ran hurdles, he ran distance races. He high-jumped, he broad-jumped. He threw the javelin and the shot. Finishing first in eight events, the big fellow beat the whole Lafayette team.The big fellow was Jim Thorpe, the greatest American athlete of modern times. He was born on May 28,1888, in a two-room farmhouse near Prague, Oklahoma. His parents were members of the Sac and Fox Indian tribe and he was a direct descendant of the famous warrior chief, Black Hawk.As a Sac and Fox, Jim had the colorful Indian name Wa-Tho-Huck. Which, translated, means Bright Path. But being born an Indian, his path was not so bright. Although he had the opportunity to hunt and fish with great Indian outdoorsmen, he was denied opportunity in other ways. The United States government controlled the lives of American Indians and, unlike other people, Indians did not automatically become citizens. It was almost impossible for an Indian to gain even a fair education and extremely difficult, as a result, for an Indian to rise high in life.Y oung Bright Path seemed destined to spend his life in the Oklahoma farmland. But when he was in his teens, the government gave him the chance to attend the Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania. Soon Carlisle was racing along its own bright path to athletic prominence. In whatever sport Jim Thorpe played, he excelled, He was a star in baseball, track and field, wrestling, lacrosse, basketball and football. He was so good in football, in fact, that most other small schools refused to play Carlisle. The Indian school's football schedule soon listed such major powers of the early twentieth century as Pittsburgh, Harvard, Pennsylvania, Penn State and Army.Thorpe was a halfback. He was six feet one inch tall, weighed 185 pounds and had incrediblespeed and power. He built upon these natural gifts daily. He would watch a coach or player demonstrate a difficult maneuver, then he would try it himself. Inevitably, he would master the maneuver within minutes.During every game, opponents piled on Thorpe, trampled him, kicked him and punched him, trying to put him out of action. They were never successful. Y ears later someone asked him if he had ever been hurt on the field. "Hurt?" Thorpe said. "How could anyone get hurt playing football?"But Jim never played his best when he felt he would have to no fun playing. "What's the fun of playing in the rain?" he once said. And his Carlisle coach, Pop Warner, once said, "There's no doubt that Jim had more talent than anybody who ever played football, but you could never tell when he felt like giving his best."Football, though, did not provide Thorpe with his finest hour. He was selected for the United States Olympic track team in 1912, and went to Sweden with the team for the Games. On the ship, while the other athletes limbered up, Thorpe slept in his bunk. In Sweden, while other athletes trained, Thorpe relaxed in a hammock. He never strained when he didn't feel it necessary.Thorpe came out of his hammock when the Games began, to take part in the two most demanding Olympic events. He entered the pentathlon competition, a test of skill in five events: 200-meter run, 1500-meter run, broad jump, discus and javelin; and the decathlon competition, a series of ten events: 100-meter run, 400-meter run, 1500-meter run, high hurdles, broad jump, high jump, pole vault, discus, javelin and shot put. Though most athletes were utterly exhausted by the decathlon alone, Thorpe breezed through both events, his dark hair flopping, his smile flashing, his muscled body gliding along the track. He finished first in both the pentathlon and decathlon, one of the great feats in Olympic history."Y ou sir," King Gustav V of Sweden told Thorpe as he presented him with two gold medals, "are the greatest athlete in the world." And William Howard Taft, the President of the United States, said, "Jim Thorpe is the highest type of citizen."King Gustav V was correct, but President Taft was not. Though Jim Thorpe had brought great glory to his nation, though thousands of people cheered him upon his return to the United States and attended banquets and a New Y ork parade in his honor, he was not a citizen. He did not become one until 1916. Even then, it took a special government ruling because he was an Indian.Jim Thorpe was a hero after the Olympics and a sad, bewildered man not too much later. Someone discovered that two years before the Olympics he had been paid a few dollars to play semiprofessional baseball. Though many amateur athletes had played for pay under false names, Thorpe had used his own name. As a result, he was not technically an amateur when he competed at Stockholm as all Olympic athletes must be. His Olympic medals and trophies were taken away from him and given to the runners-up.After this heartbreaking experience, Thorpe turned to professional sports. He played major league baseball for six years and did fairly well. Then he played professional football for six years with spectacular success. His last professional football season was in 1926. After that, his youthful indifference to studies and his unwillingness to think of a nonsports career caught up with him. He had trouble finding a job, and his friends deserted him. He periodically asked for, but never was given back, his Olympic prizes. From 1926 until his death in 1953, he lived a poor, lonely, unhappy life.But in 1950 the Associated Press held a poll to determine the outstanding athlete of thehalf-century. Despite his loss of the Olympic gold medals and a sad decline in fortune during his later years, Thorpe was almost unanimously chosen the greatest athlete of modern times.UNIT 5. T o Lie or Not to Lie--The Doctors DilemmaIs it ever proper for a medical doctor to lie to his patient? Should he tell a patient he is dying? These questions seem simple enough, but it is not so simple to give a satisfactory answer to them. Now a new light is shed on them.TO LIE OR NOT TOLIE—THE DOCTOR'S DILEMMASissela BokShould doctors ever lie to benefit their patients -- to speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest.What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: "Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth's sake, and that is 'as far as possible do no harm.'"Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will "do no harm" and may well help their patients. They may prescribe innumerable placebos, sound more encouraging than the facts warrant, and distort grave news, especially to the incurably ill and the dying.But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: helps them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after surgery.Not only do lies not provide the "help" hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception; they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health, including the choice of whether to be patient in the first place. We are becoming increasingly aware of all that can befall patients in the course of their illness when information is denied or distorted.Dying patients especially -- who are easies to mislead and most often kept in the dark -- can then not make decisions about the end of life: about whether or not they should enter a hospital, orhave surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time; about how they should bring their affairs to a close and take leave.Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to their integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility. Lies hurt their colleagues as well. The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously hones with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of "defensive medicine," and thus it injures, in turn, the entire medical profession.Sharp conflicts are now arising. Patients are learning to press for answers. Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment. Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information. Y et even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices. Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting. Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Y et the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."UNIT 6. How to Mark a Book"Don't ever mark in a book!" Thousands of teachers, librarians and parents have so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and needn't preserve its physical appearance, marking it properly will grant you the ownership of the book in the true sense of the word and make it a part of yourself.HOW TO MARK A BOOKMortimer J. AdlerY ou know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.Y ou shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. Y ou buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.。

(完整word版)现代大学英语精读4(第二版)词汇与词组分析解析

词汇Unit 11. aspire aspiring aspiration aspirantaspire to sth 。

/doing2. anguish (n./v ） anguished3. atheist 无神论者4. bitterly 极度地5. bulge 向外鼓起激增 be bulging with6. Catholic7. costly8. counter 反驳9. deficiency10. delinquent 有违法倾向的11. detestation 憎恨 detest12. devise 设计13. disintegrated integrated integrity14. disinterested15. draught 一阵风16. exalt 兴奋增强 exaltation exalted17. fault18. file19. flag 偃旗息鼓20. fuss 无事自扰21. heady 鲁莽的22. hideous 丑恶的23. high-minded 高尚的24. hindquarters （四足动物的）臀部及后腿25. hustle 催促 hustle to do26. hypocrisy 伪善 hypocrite 伪君子hypocritical 虚伪的27. impediment 阻碍口吃 impediment to sth 28. immense 巨大的 immensity 29. league 30. leopard31. lest +should be 32. libertine 浪荡子 33. majesty34. masterpiece 35. Methodist36. monologue 一个人滔滔不绝地讲话 37. mock mockery38. muscular （adj.） muscle39. navy40. oratory 演讲技巧oration 演讲 oratorical 雄辩的 41. outnumber42. penal 刑罚的 penalty 43. pious 虔诚的44. proficient 熟练的 45. prominent 显著的 46. reel 蹒跚 47. remorselessly 无同情心地，无休止地 48. restively 不安地,难以控制地 49. rotten （adj.) 50. rug 小地毯,垫子 51. ruinous 52. Solidarity 团结，齐心协力 solidarity into sth solidify 53. spectacles 眼镜，场面，奇观 54. spring 弹簧 55. statuette 56. symbolize 57. trifle 琐事 trivial 58. unaccustomed 59. undeserved 60. writhe 翻腾，蠕动 61. withdraw withdrawal 62. contempt 鄙视 contemptuous 63. contemplate 凝视，端详 contemplative 64. endow 捐赠 endowment 65. protrude 突出 66. project (v.）突出 67. acquaintance acquaint with 68. confer 授予,协商 69. stampede 惊跑 Unit 21. assert assert oneself assertiveassertion2. cluster a cluster of clustertogether clustered 3. depressed4. gruff 粗暴地说，生硬的（adj 。

人教版六年级语文上册精读课文知识梳理及重点句复习要点

人教版六年级语文上册精读课文知识梳理及重点句复习要点一、重点课文可能涉及到的考点1、作者2、文章标题及含义3、文中重点问题4、包蕴的哲理（中心思想）5、写作方法（包括文体）6、评判要紧人物7、文章情节二、六年级上册课文重点内容（一）第一单元重点课文：《山中访友》 1、李汉荣 2、标题含义：山中访友运用拟人手法；访，拜望；友：指山中的一切自然界的朋友。

3、重点问题：（1）说说作者在山中都拜望了哪些“朋友”，想一想课文什么缘故以“山中访友”为题。

答：作者拜望的“朋友有老桥、鸟儿、露珠、树、山泉、溪流、瀑布、悬崖、白云、云雀、落花、落叶等一切自然界的朋友。

作者以“山中访友”为题目是运用拟人的手法，将自然界的一切都称之为朋友，如此写更能激发读者的阅读爱好。

（2）读读下面的句子，体会如此写的好处。

①啊，老桥，你如一位德高望重的老人，在这涧水上站了几百年了吧?答：作者把“老桥”比喻为“一位德高望重的老人”，“站”是拟人的用法，不但写出了桥的古老，而且也突出了它默默无闻为大众服务的品质，充分表达了作者对桥的颂扬和佩服。

②走进这片树林，鸟儿呼吁我的名字，露珠与我交换眼神。

答：拟人化的手法，形象地表达了作者和鸟儿、露珠这两位朋友和作者之间的默契和亲热的友谊。

③我脚下长出的根须，深深扎进泥土和岩层；头发长成树冠，胳膊变成树枝，血液变成树的汁液，在年轮里旋转、流淌。

这是作者的联想。

树为人友，人为树友，人和树已融为一体④你好，清凉的山泉！你捧出一面明镜，是要我重新梳妆吗？……这一组句子是写“我”跟山中的“朋友”在打招呼，内容一致，结构相似，是一组排比句，同时运用拟人手法，写出了“我”和山里“朋友”之间的那种深厚友谊。

采纳第二人称，读来倍感亲切、热情。

4、中心思想：作者与“山中朋友”互诉心声，营造了一个如诗如画的世界，表达了作者对大自然的无限热爱。

⑤在它们走向泥土的途中，我加入了这短暂而别有深意的仪式；……这句中，“它们”指的是落花和落叶，“仪式”指的是落花、落叶从枝上掉下并融入泥土的过程。

现代大学英语精读4期末复习材料

现代大学英语精读4期末复习材料（材料仅供参考）第一单元：1、词组：①do away with：The city has decided to do away with overhead wires.②few and far between：Really exciting games are few and far between③for (one’s) money：For my money, it’s not worth the trouble.④in the flesh：I have corresponded with him for some years,but I have never met him in the flesh.⑤lag behind：He wondered darkly at how great a lag there was between his thinking and his actions.⑥make for：As soon as it started to rain we turned round and made for home.⑦on… occ asion：On occasion, we feel like celebrating and have a party.⑧out of one’s depth：Jack was not a good swimmer, add nearly drowned when he drifted out beyond his depth.2、小测：ⅠWordGive sb the third degree严刑逼供，疲劳讯问Devise a teaching method 发明一种教学法ⅡTranslation1. Follow love and it will flee; flee love and it will follow you.求爱，爱远避；远爱，爱求你。

大学生英语精读4复习期末考试资料

大学生英语精读4复习期末考试资料大学生英语精读4复习期末考试资料．Vocabulary (Unit1)1. A thoughtful person thinks before speaking and considers the而且总一个考虑周到的人总是先思考再说话，feelings of others.()是考虑到别人的感受。

图书馆关门2. The library is closing. We might as well go home. ( 了，我们最好还是回家)draw your attention to the fact that there is somed like to 3. I'我想让你注意到这样'after all in the speakers nonsense. (sense )一个事实，在演讲者的胡言乱语中总有一定的意marvelous up he can make imagination; Harry 4. has a vivid ) 哈利具有丰富的想象力，他能编出奇特的故事stories. (5.Although Margie was swimming so well, she failed to win the 尽管玛吉游泳游的first prize and had to settle for the second. ()棒，但他未能获得第一，而只能屈居第m quite determined to have the thing finished and done with 6. I') before leaving the office. (我坚决完成此事并且要在下班前做完to adults recommendedCompetitive sports are to young 7.prepare them for the competition world of college and business.(年轻人应该多进行一些经济性的体育运动以适应充满竞争的大学生活和商业活动)8. Itpained me to admit that I was such a fool as to repeat the)承认我是个重复犯同样错误的傻瓜，这使我感到痛苦mistake(bonus for the new customers I 9.My boss paid me and added a) had signed up(老板付给我工资并发了奖金奖励我签了新客户10.A soldier should never shrink form the dutyof defending his即使面对死亡，一名战country even in the face of certain death()士也不应该逃避保卫祖国的职责11. Due to exceptionally bad weather, the ship arrived late and船到晚了，（由于天气突变the delivery of goods was not on time 货物无法准时送到12.My wife was rather embarrassed when she overheard some of当our guests say they didn't like the meal she'd cooked for them(她相当尴我的妻子无意中听到一些客人说他们不喜欢她做的菜，)尬hotsour food hometown in my tend to eat more on 13.Peopletheir quench help summer days presumably because it could 在我的家乡，炎热的夏天人们好吃酸的食物，因为酸的食thirst()物有助于解for find a place is the 14.In United States it quite easy to在美国rent ,but the high cost keeps many young people away(找到一个地方居住根容易，但高昂的价格使许多年轻人止步不)前grading thestack to was The 15. professor reluctant stop of教授papers on her desk, but she was really too tired to read on(无法再继续看下不情愿停止批改桌上的试卷，但她实在太累了，) 去细菌靠16. Bacteria reproduce themselves by splitting into two.() 自己分裂成俩个进行繁殖Unit5s reasonable everybody in else'1.Her suggestion may sound （对你来说他的建议听m afraid it may seem ridiculouseyes I' 起来有道理，但在别人的眼里恐怕就太可笑了）the patientsbrutal to tall it 2.Some doctors believe is dyingso become because they may truth about their condition一些医生认为告诉垂危病人to commitsuicide.(distressed as)实情是残忍的，以为他们可能会因非常沮丧而自杀We note with satisfaction that all those activities have helped 3.between and friendship to mutualpromote understanding我们满意的注意到所有这些活动有利于我们our twocountry(俩个国家间的互相理解和友谊)4.Contrary to the belief of some doctors, even very old and sickpeople want to know the details of their illness so that they can prepare for death in their own special way(一些医生的观点相反，即使是年纪很大，病情严重的人都想知道他们的病情的详细情况，这样他们可能以自己特殊的方式准备死亡的 )降临．5.Corruption in government is not tolerated any country thatwants to achieve rapid economic growth and improve the life of its citizens(政府的腐败是任何一个希望经济快速增长，。

精读方法总结(通用6篇)

精读方法总结第1篇托福阅读中精读的方法托福阅读如果想考到20-25分，甚至是托福阅读满分，就是要做精读托福文章!所谓的精读就是快速把握文章中的重要信息和内容，准确提高对字词，句篇的分析能力和解读能力，通过结合相关考点提高其准确性和速度，理解材料中的难点和要点并进行归纳推断判断等能力!最后达到人文合一的境界!STEP1，词汇要求各位同学每天至少浏览200-300个单词，争取一个月内识别6000+个单词，越多越好!市面上有很多背单词的书籍，大家可以用来研读，肯定会提高背词能力的!STEP2，迅速去掉修饰，直达主干结构。

如动词不定时，现在分词，过去分词，关系词等技巧处理。

STEP3，迅速识别特殊句式：如省略句式，倒装句式，强调句式，插入句式，分割句式等STEP4，提高对某些重点句子的理解：如带转折的句子，带归纳字眼的句子，带概括动词的句子，设问的句子，段首段末句式等STEP5，文章的整体把握阅读，什么地方快速阅读，什么地方慢速阅读，要达到快慢结合，重点突出，最后达到我们阅读杂志或报纸的程度!托福阅读备考之如何进行精读训练在阅读当中，精读和泛读都是非常重要的。

很多同学做了很多TPO，但是并没有及时的总结和精读。

如果只是一味刷题，而不回头看都存在哪些问题，也不知道自己的问题究竟在哪，那读十篇文章，还不如读一篇文章十遍。

那么，在托福考试中，应该如何精读呢?这里跟大家分享下精读的要点：1、词：专门总结、整理出你文章中不认识的单词并记忆;我们天津新东方也配备了按照 tpo 文章总结的词汇书供大家使用。

2、句：用word文档或者是软件整理出文章中读不懂的句子，这是长难句的理解，提高你阅读速度很重要的一点;也可由授课老师指定长难句材料作为练习内容。

3、段：概括出这个段落大意。

对于阅读，这是基本的能力素养;对于考试，这是做对多选题有很大的提示作用。

4、正确选项：分析正确选项为什么对，你要想明白，在原文中画出答案的依据，在比较选项，体会ETS是如何改写原文的;5、错误选项：分析错误选项为什么错，你要想明白，并在word文档中标注选项错误的地方。

现代大学英语精读4lesson1知识点

现代大学英语精读4lesson1知识点Detailed study of the text[Paragraph 1]1. conclusion:a) sth you describe after considering all the information you havee.g. come to / arrive at / jump to/ reach / draw a conclusionThe police came to the inescapable conclusion that the children had beenmurdered.There were perhaps two main conclusions to be drawn from the abovediscussion.All the facts justify the conclusion that he is guilty.b) the end or final part of sthe.g. At the conclusion of the conference, little progress has been made.c) in conclusion: used in a piece of writing or a speech to show that you are about to finish what you are sayinge.g. In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. conclude v.concluding adj.: the last remark etc in an event or piece of writingconclusive adj. showing that sth is definitely truethe _________ section of Chapter 6The investigation failed to provide any ________ evidence.[ Paragraph 2]2. statuette n.a very small statue that can be put on a table or shelf-ette suffix (in noun):a) a small thing of a particular typee.g. a kitchenette (= small kitchen) a snackette (= a very small meal),roomette, essayette, storiette, cigarette, parasolette, historiette,b) a woman who is doing a particular jobe.g. an usherette (= female usher), sailorette, conductrette, typette, undergraduette c) sth that is not real, but is imitatione.g. leatherette, flannelette, rosette, linenette3. nothing but: only; nothing excepte.g. The doctor told her that it was nothing but a cold.He was nothing but a coward.他只在乎自己的名誉和地位。

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复习要点一、翻译1.Next to her, crouched the statuette of a leopard, ready to spring down at the top drawer of a filing cabinet.2. Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out. But like someone born deaf, but bitterly determined to find out about sound, I watched my teachers to find out about thought.3.True, often there is a kind of innocence in prejudices, but in those days I viewed grade-three thinking with contempt and mockery.4.Grade-two thinking is the detection of contradictions. Grade-two thinkers do not stampede easily, though often they fall into the other fault and lag behind. Grade-two thinking is a withdrawal, with eyes and ears open. It destroys without having the power to create.5.Now you are expecting me to describe how I saw the folly of my ways and came back to the warm nest, where prejudices are so often called loyalties, where pointless actions are hallowed into custom by repetition, where we are content to say we think when all we do is feel.6.It didn't matter to her in the least where he had gone. All that mattered was that he paid his three guineas a week regularly for board and lodging.7.In the year 1960 the Union of South Africa celebrated its Golden Jubilee, and there was a nationwide sensation when the one-thousand-pound prize for the finest piece of sculpture was won by a black man, Edward Simelane.8.His work, African Mother and Child, not only excited the admiration, but touched the conscience or heart or whatever it was that responded, of white South Africa, and seemed likely to make him famous in other countries.9.They gave a whole window to it, with a white velvet backdrop, if there is anything called white velvet, and some complimentary words.10.They ate in silence, sleepy and yet on fire with excitement, for it was the first day of their first spring sowing as man and wife. And each felt the glamour of that day on which they were to open up the earth together and plant seeds in it .二、选择1.People who are_____________such great talents are usually___________.A.conferred with, few and far betweenB. blessed with, few and farC. endowed with, few and far betweenD. gifted, rare and far between2.He is interested in _______money and fame. Every day he is either busy making money or busy______important.A.nothing but, beingB. neither,beingC. both, with beingD. Just, to be3.______we will be_______complete with the world's strongest football team in a few years' time.A.On my money, at a position toB. For my dough, be enabled toC. With my money, ready toD. For my money, in a position to4.She____that position in the company, and she felt that she was qualified. In fact,___, she was overqualified.A.aspired to, if anythingB. desired for, or anythingC. conspired for, in anythingD. inspired to, if anything5. The people of that area are poor even______. When the place is hit by a flood, they will be____.A. at the worst of times, in real anguishB. at the best of times, in real anguishC. for the best time, in real crisisD. at better times, very painful6.Corruption will not vanish_____. We have to combat it firmly. Otherwise it will be Cheng Kejie_______again.A.for itself, once moreB. of itself, all overC. in itself, come overD. by itself, for ever7.We can't_________examinations altogether unless we can______a better way to evaluate the students.A.do away, come up withB. do away of, come up acrossC. do away with, come up withD. do away from, come up8._____, we should not have____Shanghai when we designated the first batch of special economic zones.A.Looking back, left asideB. Now that we think about it, left behindC. With hindsight, left outD. We now realize that, included9. He will be____to turn her for help. They are not even on speaking terms.A.the last; toB. the last person; toC. a last person; onD. the last person; on10. I resented_____like that and I went to complain______the manager. The manager apologized for the inconvenience but said that they had no other choice.A.to be searched; toB. them to search me; aboutC. being searched; ofD. being searched; to11. The man was ___for air. He ___a fish out of water.A.gasping; put me in mind ofB. Breathing; put me in mind ofC. gulping; remind meD. gasping; remind me of12. She is always complaining___something. It _____my nerves.A.of; gets toB. about; gets onC. about; got onD. for; is getting on13. Professor Drake____his hand into the jar and brought out a fish for me to look at, and he asked me to keep it___, saying that whoever does not know how to take care of a specimen is not fit to be a scientist.A. stretched; moistB. plunged; moistenedC. reached; being moistenedD. worked; moistening14. He did everything possible to ____some support for his decision to ______more money to his favorite project.A.win over; allowB. whip upC. get; divideD. whip up; allot15. I did not even know what they were quarreling about, but he suddenly____me,_____ that it was all mu fault.A.turned to; yellingB. turned on; shriekingC. turned round; screamingD. turned on; and exclaiming16. They are an odd couple. She is as tall ____he is short, and he is as fat______she is thin. But they are both_____happy as they are old.A.as; as; soB. while; while; asC. and; and; asD. as; as; as17.Many soldiers were_____be eating boiled boots. It was clear that they did not ___the snow-covered mountain.A.so hungry that they; feel up to climbB.as hungry as to; feel up to climbingC. so hungry as to; feel up to climbingD.hungry enough to; feel like to climb18.If he should fail to_______the project to a successful close in time, he would be severely _________.A.bring; reprimandedB. take; critizedC. carry; scoldedD. put; lectured on19.I don't ____going out today, with the sandstorm_____.A.feel up to; or somethingB. feel like; and allC. feel like to; and the likeD. Feel up; and everything20.So we______toward the nearest village which was twenty miles away. Just then an orderly came to give us a horse, but we waved it___, telling him to give it to the wounded soldiers.A.started off; awayB. set off; inC. struggled; onD. set out; along21.Her sincere warm welcome put me _____, and I decided to ____my heart to her.A.at home; talk outB. to ease; take outC. into ease; openedD. at ease; talk out22.Just the a great sense of pride_____him.A.fell onB.swept overC.overcameD. overpowered23.With rheumatism, he could no longer____his knee. His arms and legs seemed to ___him.A.stoop; rebel againstB.bend; rebel againstC. bend over;rebelD.stoop over;disobey24.Do you believe that only____people can produce literature that is____of our great nation?A.worthy; worthyB. worthwhile; worthC.worth; worthwhileD. denied; of25.His sudden blindness___him___the joy of seeing the beautiful world.A.robbed; ofB. deprived; withC. robbed; offD.denied; of26.You shouldn't sleep_____when you are still sweating,with every pore of your body open____the cool air.A.out at the open; inB. out to the open; forC. out in the open; toD. out of the open; to27.We had to ____each other because in the still of the night our voices could____very far.A.whisper; driftB. whisper softly to; carryC. whisper; flowD. whisper to; carry28.At that time all worries about his personal safety______his mind. He was determined to _______the secret documents.A.vanished from; secureB.disappeared out of; getC.swept over; insureD. Vanished off; obtain。