高考英语-阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题(测)-专题练习(七)有答案
高中英语高考冲刺---篇章结构题型解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题(含答案解析)
高中英语高考冲刺---篇章结构题型解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）题型介绍“六选五”、“七选五”题型试题特点给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有六个或七个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）；注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）正确选项大致可分为两类：1.段落的小标题或者起概括总结作用的主旨句，2.在逻辑上或者文章结构上起承上启下作用的过渡句。
阅读填空题试题特点要求考生在读完一篇短文后，根据文中相关的内容，填写表格。
它要求考生归纳概括文中的要点，并根据一定的线索把相关的内容以表格的形式有序地表达出来。
阅读填空属于综合能力考查题，强调主观表述，主要考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力。
它既考查考生快速获取信息的能力，也考查组织信息、表达信息的能力。
测试要求1.对文章中所提供的关键信息的正确判断和采集。
2.适当的句型转换。
3.正确地使用英语解释英语。
4.对原文细节信息的正确理解。
5.对主旨大意的归纳。
解题技巧“六选五”、“七选五”题型解题策略：如果问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。
认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题如果空格出现在段中，这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案如果问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。
注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
【链接高清】1.通读全文及选项。
2.分析选项是主题句还是细节句。
主题句通常在段首或段尾。
细节句常位于句中。
专题07阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题(讲)2019年高考英语二轮复习含解析
【构建知识体系】篇章结构题考点段落层次、写作方法和行文走势【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读要求考生阅读4篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。
题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。
体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。
考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等题型。
篇章结构题的考查对象是整个篇章或其中的某个段落。
考查同学们在理解全文的基础上对文章所描述事件的发展顺序、所说明事物的结构层次或在论述观点过程中使用的方法进行推测、归纳和总结的能力。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向B【2018·天津卷】When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. ""Oh, stop. There it is!”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in oneroom. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still confused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! ""There's some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.""That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you."44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more significant.【答案】44. D[2012·全国卷Ⅰ，D]Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have neverpracticed ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and sti ll ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.68.The author explains the law of over learning by_________.A. presenting research findingsB. setting down general rulesC. making a comparisonD. using examples【答案】68. D【解析】【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，很少出现此类题型，但这一题型在地方高考和模拟试题中时有出现，因此不排除2019年全国高考试题可能会①设置1道篇章结构题，考查考生对整个篇章或其中的某个段落结构和脉络的把握。
新高考英语二轮复习 ：专题07 阅读理解“段落大意”题(含高考真题) 原卷版
专题07阅读理解“段落大意”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）原卷版养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
【近年高考考情】1.（2023新高考I卷D篇）32题2.（2023全国乙卷D篇）32题3.（2022新高考I卷D篇）34题4.（2022全国甲卷D篇）32题5.（2021新高考I卷D篇）35题【实用解题妙招】一、段落大意题设问方式1.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?2.What is the main idea of last paragraph?二、段落大意题干扰项特征1.过于笼统，不知所云。
所概括的内容超出原文的范围。
2.以偏概全，主次不分。
以文章中的细节内容或个别词语做出选项内容。
3.移花接木，偷换概念。
选项中定语和状语影响语意范围，或者把属于A的内容放在B上。
4.主观臆测，无中生有。
选项中关键词也在文中提及，但选项的实际含义与文章主题无关。
三、段落大意题两大抓手1.寻找段落主题句解答段落大意题的关键是抓住段落的主题句。
一般而言，每个段落总有一个中心，通常中心思想会在首句或尾句体现出来，这就是常说的段落主题句。
总体来说，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首，这种现象较多出现在说明文和议论文中；若作者采用“特殊→一般→特殊”的方式，主题句可能出现在段落的中间。
有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容概括出主题句。
2.确定段落关键词段落中反复出现的词汇一般就是段落关键词，往往需要出现在正确选项中。
四、段落大意题思维导图【高考真题再练】1.（2023新高考I卷D篇）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Didthey follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?A. The methods of estimation.B. The underlying logic of the effect.C. The causes of people’s errors.D. The design of Galton’s experiment.33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.A. the crowds were relatively smallB. there were occasional underestimatesC. individuals did not communicateD. estimates were not fully independent34. What did the follow-up study focus on?A. The size of the groups.B. The dominant members.C. The discussion process.D. The individual estimates.35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?A. Unclear.B. Dismissive.C. Doubtful.D. Approving.2.（2023全国乙卷D篇）If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. How past events should be presented.B. What humanity is concerned about.C. Whether facts speak louder than words.D. Why written language is reliable.33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?A. His report was scientific.B. He represented the local people.C. He ruled over Botany Bay.D. His record was one-sided.34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Problem.B. History.C. V oice.D. Society.35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?A. How Maps Tell Stories of the WorldB. A Short History of AustraliaC. A History of the World in 100 ObjectsD. How Art Works Tell Stories3.（2022新高考I卷D篇）Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societie s that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?A. Its variety.B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity.D. Its development.33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B. They could not open and close their lips easily.C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Supporting evidence for the research results.B. Potential application of the research findings.C. A further explanation of the research methods.D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A. It is key to effective communication.B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.C. It is a complex and dynamic system.D. It drives the evolution of human beings.4.（2022全国甲卷D篇）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there —broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.“How do you mean?” I asked.“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shir ley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young business man named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Sydney’s striking architecture.B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.C. The key to Sydney’s development.D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?A. He goes to work by boat.B. He looks forward to a new life.C. He pilots catamarans well.D. He is attached to the old ferries.34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?A. It is losing its traditions.B. It should speed up its progress.C. It should expand its population.D. It is becoming more international.35. Which statement will the author probably agree with?A. A city can be young and old at the same time.B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.5.（2021新高考I卷D篇）Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.32. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?A. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps to exercise a person's mind.C. It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?A. To explain a rule.B. To clarify a concept.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.34. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?A. Its appeal to the public.B. Expectations for future studies.C. Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.【名校好题强化】（23·24上·江苏·阶段练习）We all may know someone we consider to be a picky eater, who tends to dislikesome common food regularly and causes social embarrassment when ordering at restaurants. But for some people picky eating can actually become a serious disorder, and clinical definitions of picky eating behaviors often include people who only consume around 20 different kinds of foods for a long period of time.“Having restricted diets can lead to nutritional deficiencies (缺陷) as well as health problems like heart disease, poor bone health and dental issues,” explained Lorenzo Stafford, one of the authors on the latest study. “There is also a social cost because normally enjoyable moments between family members can easily turn into stressful, anxious, and conflict-causing situations when picky eaters feel ashamed or pressured to eat certain food.”A new research homed in on the effect of plate color on food desirability for picky eaters. The experiment was based on a foundational study from 2018 which looked at the way different colored food bowls affected a person’s sense of taste.Using a design similar to the 2018 research, the new experiments had participants rate the sweetness, saltiness and overall desirability of a snack food eaten from different colored bowls. In this instance the snack was salt and vinegar potato crisps consumed from either a red, blue or white bowl. Around 50 participants were recruited (招募) and classified as either picky or non-picky eaters based on a standard questionnaire.The results revealed picky eaters considered the snack to be saltier when it was eaten from a red or blue bowl compared to the white bowl. And overall, picky eaters found the snack generally less desirable when eaten from a red bowl.It is worth mentioning that a recent survey estimated nearly one in five American adults could be clinically classified as picky eaters. So exploring ways to help these people better engage with more types of food could result in valuable health outcomes.1. Which of the following may be a picky eater?A. Tom who ate only some bread this morning.B. Lisa who only has vegetables for losing weight.C. Peter who often orders little at restaurants.D. Alex who likes only a small range of dishes.2. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Health problems caused by picky eating.B. Moments that are ruined by picky eaters.C. Potential consequences of picky eating.D. Quotes of Lorenzo to support the research findings.3. What is the finding of the new research?A. Bowls of different colors directly affect appetite of eaters.B. Blue color bowls can make the food in them saltier for eaters.C. Food in red bowls seems less attractive to picky eaters.D. The color of the bowl can change the taste of the dishes.4. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To show ways of enhancing people’s appetite effectively.B. To stress the importance of reducing picky eaters’ anxiety and stress.C. To encourage us to raise picky eaters’ awareness of healthy eating.D. To call on researchers to help picky eaters try a wider variety of foods.（22·23上·南充·阶段练习）From app-connected salt shakers to voice-controlled microwaves, it seems no part of the kitchen has avoided being given a high-tech makeover (改头换面). Now, as part of a Microsoft-funded project, researchers in the US and China have developed a smart tablecloth.The “Capacitivo” works by inserting an electrode grid (电极网格) into the fabric (纤维) that can identify the shape and composition of a given object. The fabric system recognizes objects based on shifts in the electrical charge (电荷) of its electrodes caused by changes in an object’s electrical field. The difference in charge can relate to the type of m aterial, size of the object and shape of the contact area. “It uses the basic principle of a touch screen that detects your finger,” explained Microsoft researcher Teddy Seyed.The tablecloth can determine what object is on the fabric. For instance, it would be able to identify if you have placed a potato on a table. It could then pass that information to a connected app. which would analyze its database to show recipes that use these ingredients.Microsoft said the fabric, created with the help of Dartmouth College and Wuhan University, could also sense if an object, such as a set of keys, has been misplaced on a table. “Besides, our system can sense the change of what is inside a container.” Teddy added. For example, a tablecloth can detect whether the soi l of a table plant is wet or dry, enabling the system to remind the user to water the plant.“This is a very impressive development," said Monica Craciun, a professor in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at the University of Exeter. “Other fabrics already ava ilable need input which is carried out by the user performing an action, such as touching the fabric.”However, the technology still needs improving. It can’t recognize metallic objects, performs poorly on objects with square edges, such as books, and has trouble identifying the difference between different types of liquid. Microsoft said it could be five to ten years before the tablecloth is available for the market.5. What makes the invention of the smart tablecloth possible?A. Composition varies from object to object.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Electrodes can pass information to each other.D. Different objects cause different changes in the electrical charge.6. What can the “Capacitivo” do?A. Connect to other smart products in the kitchen.B. Suggest meals based on the ingredients on it.C. Distinguish between different types of liquid.D. Detect nutrients in the soil of a table plant.7. What advantage does the “Capacitivo” have over other fabrics?A. It can recognize a wider range of objects.B. It can identify objects more accurately.C. It doesn’t require actions from users.D. It won’t be damaged after washing.8. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The limitations of the smart tablecloth.B. The classification of the smart tablecloth.C. The characteristics of the smart tablecloth.D. The trend of marketing the smart tablecloth.（22·23下·全国·课前预习）Australian scientists have started vaccinating (接种疫苗) wild koalas against the disease Chlamydia (衣原体病) in an ambitious trial in New South Wales (NSW). They want to test a way toprotect the animals against the widespread condition that causes blindness, the inability to have babies, and death.“It’s killing koalas because they become so sick that they can’t climb trees to ge t food, and females are unable to have babies,” said Dr. Samuel Phillips, a microbiologist at the University of the Sunshine Coast.Around half of the wild koala population in the Northern Rivers region of NSW—about 50 animals—will be caught and vaccinated. “We want to evaluate what percentage of the koalas we need to vaccinate to meaningfully reduce infection and disease,”said Dr. Phillips.The first koalas were caught and vaccinated in March and the effort is expected to last about three months. Researchers use telescopes to spot koalas in the trees, then build fences around the tree bases with doors leading into cages. After a few hours or days, the koalas climb down from one tree to seek tasty leaves on another and wander into the harmless traps.After a cheek-up to make sure the animals are in good condition, researchers give them anaesthesia (麻醉) to make them sleep before they administer the vaccine. They watch the koalas’ health for 24 hours after they wake up to make sure there are no side effects. The goal is to vaccinate healthy koalas to prevent them from becoming infected with chlamydia. The researchers mark the koalas’backs with pink dye so the same animals aren’t caught twice.It is not known what caused koalas to catch chlamydia, but the scientists believe it was probably from exposure to the infected sheep and cattle. It spreads when koalas mate, or it can be passed from a mother to her babies.9. Why was the ambitious trial started?A. To establish a wildlife reserve.B. To attract the tourists of all ages.C. To test a newly developed vaccine.D. To reduce infection among koalas.10. What is Dr. Phillips’ attitude towards the current condition of koalas?A. Uncaring.B. Doubtful.C. Concerned.D. Cautious.11. Which can best describe the process of giving koalas an vaccine?A. Dangerous.B. Demanding.C. Simple.D. Useless.12. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. Why koalas suffer from the disease.B. How researchers recognize koalas.C. What a koala family largely feeds on.D. When a female koala can have a baby.（23·24上·平凉·阶段练习）On 30 January, thousands gathered in Derry, in Northern Ireland, to mark the 50th anniversary of Bloody Sunday, when 13 people were killed and at least 14 were hurt by the British Army.Bloody Sunday took place on Sunday 30 January, 1972. Over 10, 000 people had gathered in Derry for a civil rights march to give everyone equal treatment. People were marching because the UK Government wanted to introduce a law that would mean people could be held in prison for a long time without the reason being tested by a court to see if it was true. The change was meant to stop violence at the time.The whole of Ireland used to be part of the UK. However, in 1921, an agreement between the Irish and UK governments led to Ireland splitting into two regions. The south became the Republic of Ireland, while Northern Ireland stayed in the UK. In Northern Ireland there was unrest because some people wanted to be part of the UK, while some wanted to join Ireland. This led to a period of violence from 1968 to 1998 known as the Troubles, when around 3, 700 people died. For much of the Troubles, the British Army had lots of soldiers based inNorthern Ireland.The march started peacefully that day but later skirmishes broke out between demonstrators and the army. Some people started throwing stones at soldiers. The army moved in to arrest them and soldiers fired their guns, killing 13 people and injuring 14 people.Thousands of people marched through Derry. The Irish prime minister Micheal Martin laid a wreath (花圈) at a memorial in Derry and spoke to relatives of the victims. At a special event at the city’s Millennium Forum Theatre, the victims’ names were read out and a silence was held at the moment the first person was shot 50 years ago. The President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, said, “Derry stands as a guiding light of hope and justice.”13. Why did the UK government want to introduce a new law?A. To stop ongoing conflicts.B. To offer equal rights.C. To put people in prison.D. To test people in court.14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How Bloody Sunday was marked.B. What happened on Bloody Sunday.C. Why people marked Bloody Sunday.D. Why there was a period of violence.15. What does the underlined word “skirmishes” mean?A. Fierce wars.B. Great celebrations.C. Small fights.D. Huge demonstrations.16. Why are Micheal Martin and Michael D. Higgins mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To stress the power of the march.B. To show the importance of Bloody Sunday.C. To emphasize the cruelty of the Bloody Sunday.D. To show people’s determination for independence.（22·23下·南充·阶段练习）The students stand on a pier (码头) over the Harlem River in New York City. They stare down into the brown water. Their teacher, Mr. Rodman, pulls a long rope out of the river. Fastened to the end of the rope is a metal cage and inside are oysters (牡蛎). Taking turns, the students measure all the oysters, and then compare notes. The biggest oyster is over 2 inches long, much bigger than a healthy size for its age! They also measure the level of oxygen. As more oysters grow, the water should become clearer and hold more oxygen. Also, other animals should move in.Oysters are soft-bodied animals, and share the underwater community with plants, fish, and other life. They are food for crabs and other animals. As new oysters grow, they attach their shells to older ones, forming big reefs with many small spaces where other animals live. Oysters eat algae (藻类). If algae grow too fast, they can decrease oxygen from the water and even fish need oxygen to breathe!But what happened to the oysters 100 years ago in New York Harbor? Before then, lots of oysters lived in these waters. They were shipped to restaurants around the world. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow. Pollution was pouring into the waters. The harbor became severely polluted. Since the 1970s, new laws have helped reduce poisonous waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently.The Billion Oyster Project began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor. The project has recruited more than 6,500 students at more than 100 middle schools and high schools to help grow, distribute, and。
2024届高考英语阅读理解专练(含答案)
第一部分阅读理解四选一阅读理解的高考分值是37.5分，占比较大；考试分配时间为：28分钟左右；文章体裁分为：应用文，记叙文，说明文，议论文和新闻报道等。
阅读理解题目在文章中分布均匀，且多在段首和段尾。
题型为：细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题等，大多数题型为细节理解题和推理判断题。
卷别年份篇目语篇类型主题考查题型主题语境主题内容细节理解推理判断主旨大意词义猜测新课标Ⅰ卷2023A应用文人与社会自行车租赁服务3B记叙文人与自然污水净化生态箱13C说明文人与自我数字极简主义生活方式31 D说明文人与社会“群体智慧”效应121新高考Ⅰ卷2022A应用文人与自我课程评分细则21B说明文人与社会减少食物浪费31C说明文人与社会养老院养鸡项目121 D说明文人与社会饮食结构影响语音211新课标Ⅱ卷2023A应用文人与自然黄石国家公园护林员项目3B记叙文人与自我Urban Sprouts菜园子项目211 C说明文人与社会书籍介绍121D说明文人与自然接触自然有益健康22新高考Ⅱ卷2022A应用文人与社会博物馆参观信息3B记叙文人与社会新媒体的影响121 C说明文人与社会司机无视手机禁令1111 D说明文人与自我运动可以促进心脏健康22(细节理解题＋推理判断题＋词义猜测题＋段落大意题)【典例印证】【破题关键点】(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why itworks, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high－quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.1. What is the book aimed at?A. Teaching critical thinking skills.B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.C. Solving philosophical problems.D. Promoting the use of a digital device.2. What does the underlined word “declutter”in paragraph3 mean?A. Clear－up.B. Add－on.1. 先读第1题的题干，标出关键词________→根据关键词，从第一段开始浏览，寻找和题干关键词意思相近的________，确定此处内容是本题根据→根据本句中的“to make the case for digital minimalism(为数字极简主义辩护)”，确定第1题的答案________2. 再读第2题的题干，关键词是画线词________→根据关键词，从第1段后浏览，在第三段找到画线词→找到关键词后把此处内容和四个选项进行比对，确定第2题的答案________3. 然后读第3题的题干，标出关键词________→根据关键词，从第2题关键词后面浏览，寻找题干中的关键词→找到关键词后把此处内容和四个选项进行比对，确定第3题的答案________4. 最后读第4题的题干，标出关键词________→根据关键词，从第3题关键词后面浏览，寻找题干中的关键词→找到关键词后把此处内容和四个选项进行比对，确定第4题的答案________答案 1. aimed; goal; B2. declutter; A3. the final chapter of part one; C4. practices; AC. Check－in.D. Take－over.3. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A. Theoretical models.B. Statistical methods.C. Practical examples.D. Historical analyses.4. What does the author suggest readers do with the practicesoffered in part two?A. Use them as needed.B. Recommend them to friends.C. Evaluate their effects.D. Identify the ideas behind them.题型微解题型微解1：细节理解题细节理解题是高考题型中考查较多的题型，也是容易得分的题型，该题型分为：直接细节题，间接细节题，数字计算题和归纳概括题。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题07阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题测含解析
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题07阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题测含解析班级姓名学号分数（测试时间：45分钟）1. 【黑龙江省佳木斯市第一中学xx届高三上学期第五次调研】CThe Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed-breakers on major highways arid roads, in an attempt to check speeding and careless driving, and eventually make its deadly roads a little safer. “We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers,” India's transport minister Nitin Ga dkari tweeted.The visual illusions (幻象）are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier this month, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which are considered to be a danger to safety for high-speed vehicles.India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organisation, over 200,00 people are killed by road accidents due to poor application of road safety laws. This is considerably higher than its official figures of 141,526 for xx.The use of visual illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in xx, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossings.In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with 3D zebra crossings in the last one year. In Ahmedabad for instance, two artists, mother and daughter have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of this year. The artists say their motto is “to increase the attention of drivers”, and that the concept has been successfully tested in zones where accidents easily occur on a highway.”However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers arc visual illusions, they may ignore them. Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of walkers. In the end, the new policy may be just one step towards improving road safety.10. The author explains the experiment of 3D zebra crossings in India by .A. giving examples.B. analysing causes.C. providing figures.D. making parisons.【答案】10. D2. 【河南省豫北豫南名校xx届高三上学期第二次联考】BI once knew a high school teacher who made, in my mind, a curious ment. Referring to a naughty student, he remarked, with a tone of gloomy resignation, “People don’t change.” I knew the kid well. He was what one would call a “juvenile delinquent(不良少年)”. But if schooling held no promise of making positive changes in kids, what was the point teaching?My own son, Alyosha, growing up, was athletic, energetic, and occasionally hard to handle. But he never showed the least interest in tools, or working with his hands in any way. The result was that he couldn’t tell a screwdriver from a paintbrush. I recall one day, as I fussed under the car, calling out to him to bring me an adjustable wrench(知动扳手). He fetched a pair of pliers(钳子). “No,” I pleaded while trying to hold an oily car part in place. “Pliers.” He went back into the garage and returned w ith a bar. “No, no,” I corrected him. “The adjustable wrench! For loosening a nut.” To which, in his own defennce, he exclaimed, “Well, I don’t know!”Years passed. And then, one day, well into his 20s, he told me he had decided on a technical school: machinery technology. I nodded approvingly, but already knew that it was a challenging field, full of moving parts, tools, and dreaded math.During his period in Coast Guard technical school I thought about him daily, wondering what the oute would be. I had prepared myself for the phone call telling me that it was just too much and he was being sent to sea as a deckhand.It didn’t happen. The phone did ring, but it was Alyosha asking me to fly to Virginia to attend his graduation and pin his new rank on his col lar. Prouder I couldn’t have been.As I stood before my son, Alyosha, standing at attention and staring dead ahead, glanced at me. “You want me to help you, Dad?” he said. “Always,” I answered, “but not this time.”Yeah, people do chance. And, in my experi ence, it’s usually something to see.5. The examples in Paragraph 3 are used to show Alyosha___________.A. lacked team spiritB. knew nothing about mechanicsC. had a bad relationship with his dadD. was unwilling to learn any handwork【答案】5. D3. 【山东省曲阜市xx届高三上学期期中】DIt’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is being hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a xx summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: The global warming over the last half - century has been caused mainly by human activity.”You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build - up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere - not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producin g the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths-one with human influence and one without. Thatobvio usly isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.12. The text is developed by ________.A. giving typical examplesB. following the order of spaceC. paring and finding differencesD. analyzing a theory and arguing it【答案】12. D4.The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsun production endangers the very existence of，certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.On a local level，the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level，the destruction of th e rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition，ne w coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of fullsun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?【答案定位】本文的第一段提出观点，其后的第二、三、四段分别从不同角度进行具体论证，最后一段是总结段。
专题07阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题(讲)2019年高考英语二轮复习含解析
2019届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【讲案】专题- 阅渎理解IV：篇章结构题【构建知识体系】篇章结构题B【2018 •天津卷】When I was 17, I read a magaz ine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercoloristnamed Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunnySaturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but ni recog nize it,there was a picture in the magaz ine.""Oh, stop. There it is! ”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine. ” Tour guides got on my n erves. What if they tlong time about a pain ti ng you were n't that in terested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed verynosy（爱窥探的）,keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Sudde nly I sen sed a man sta nding beh ind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay ArtMuseum!" He smiled, shaki ng his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braun fels Street." "What place? ” I asked, still con fused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted震颤）.I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come dow n immediately!""There's some really good stuff（艺术作品）up there." She stepped dow n, I ook ing con fused. I pushed her toward the front door, wavi ng at the family, say ing, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, whe n I told Sally what happe ned, she covered her mouth, laugh ing. She could n't believe how long they let us look around without say ing anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, i n case anything else unu sual happe ned.Thirty years later, a woma n approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever en ter a reside nee, I ong ago, thin ki ng it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We n ever told anyon e.""That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I n ever felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feeli ngs about my home cha nged after that. I've always wan ted to tha nk you."44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked eno ugh artwork to in terest her.B. She was too upset to spe nd much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappo inting compared with the house.D. The event happe ning in the house was more sig ni fica nt.【答案】44. D【解析】本文杲一篇记叙文°文童作者和朋友原MoXay博物管，到了之后参观的时候」发现很多人奇怪的看看她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成\kNdy博物馆。
2020年高考英语阅读理解文章结构题专练（附答案）
2020年高考英语阅读理解文章结构题专练（附答案）一、阅读理解（共10题；共82分）1.阅读理解。
阅读理解。
dollar bills in my hand. “Is there anything else you need, honey” my dad asked me as he put three twenty-I was traveling back home from a family visit, and after treating me to breakfast and filling my car with gas, it to make sure that I would be okay on the road. was obvious that my dad wanted by his kind acts of “No, Dad. You've done so much already. Thank you！” I was overwhelmed once againproviding everything I needed, despite the fact I just turned 40. Yet I realize that in my father's eyes, I will Now that he has enough always be his little girl. He takes deep pleasure in knowing his children are all right. money, he loves to give whenever he sees a need. Divorced from my mother when I was 11, my dad couldn't be around his But this was not always the case. often as he would have liked. Money was also tight; even weekend visits were rare. However, my dad kids as o ften as he would have liked. Money was also tight; even weekend visits were rare. However, my dad stayed in constant communication with us and made sure he was involved in our lives. Though he couldn't always be there in person, I knew he was only a phone call away. I could always count on that. Even now, almost 30 years later, I treasure knowing that I can pick up the phone and call Dad, and he'll be Dad sees me. I'm still his child and he there for me. I have a wonderful husband, but that hasn't changed how needs are met. loves to see that my I remember a time when I was shopping in a hardware store(五金店)with Dad. I mentioned my plans to paint action. By the time I got to the checkout(one wall in my house. Well, that's all it took for Dad to take 结账) line, all the supplies I picked out were put out of my hands and placed with things he bought. Then there was the time when I took him with me to do some grocery shopping for just a few “ items”. By the every shelf in the store! My sister and I were finished, my shopping cart was full of groceries from time we w ere finished, my shopping cart was full of groceries from joke that if you don't want Dad to buy it for you, avoid even mentioning you want something. （1）What's the best title for the passage? A. Father's considerate love B. Father's generosity C. The love for children D. Love's power （2）The author demonstrates her father's love for her mainly by________. A. examples B. reasoning C. persuasion （3）Which of the following is not TRUE? A. The author's father was divorced when she was 11. B. Now the father's economic condition is satisfying. C. The father has a great sense of responsibility. D. After the author got married, her father no longer get himself involved in her life. （4）The authors' two shopping experiences with father show________. A. father paid little attention to money B. father was quick in action C. father paid great attention to his children's needs D. father loved going shopping very much 2.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
2016届高三英语精品资料 专题07 阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题(练) Word版含解析
1.【2012·北京，D】Wilderness“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection：whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out，there is a strong appeal in images of the wild，the untouched；more than anything else，they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong，and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests，for example，store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven，these “ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane，a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute，takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services，such as water conservation.But that is not，he argues，a reason to avoid all human presence，or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth，and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved，there is still a growing need for raw materials，and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide，the argument goes，there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further，and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings，but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation ofthe world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.70．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?CP：Central Point P：Point Sp：Subpoint(次要点)C：Conclusion【答案】D【解析】结构理解题。
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高考英语专题练习（七）阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题（测）There are many places to go on safari（观赏野生动物）in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys.Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impress ive. As the sun’s rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.2．The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by________.A．following space orderB．following time orderC．making classificationsD．giving examples3．Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys （调查）on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context（背景）of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does thepossibility of f requent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents —today’s grandparents — would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.3．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?（）4．【贵州省遵义航天高级中学高三第四次模拟】When should people be made to retire? 55? 65? Should there be a compulsory age limit?Many old people work well into their 70s and 80s, running families, countries or corporations. Other people, however, despite being fit and highly talented, are forced to retire in their fifties or even earlier because of the regulations of a company or the nation. This essay will examine whether people should be allowed to continue working as long as they want or whether they should be encouraged to retire at a particular stage.Some people think there are several arguments for allowing older people to continue working as long as they are able. First of all, older employees have an immense amount of knowledge and experience which can be lost to abusiness or organization if they are made to retire. A second point is that older employees are often extremely loyal employees and are more willing to carry out company policies than younger less committed staff. However, a more important point is regarding the attitudes in society to old people. To force someone to resign or retire at 60 indicates that the society does not value the input of these people and that effectively their useful life is over. Age is irrelevant to a working life, surely if older employees are told they cannot work after 60, this is age discrimination. That they become old does not necessarily mean they are going to be sick. Old people could be more aware, experienced and committed than some youngsters.Others, however, think that allowing older people to work indefinitely is not a good policy. Age alone is no guarantee of ability. Old people are only ambitious workaholics who are too selfish and self-centered to believe that a younger person could do better. Actually, many younger employees have more experience or skills than older staff, who may have been stuck in one area or unit for most of their working lives. Having compulsory retirement allows new ideas in an organization. In addition, without age limits, however, many people would continue to work purely because they did not have any other plans or roles. A third point of view is that older people should be rewarded by society for their life’s labor by being given generous pensi ons and the freedom to enjoy their leisure. We now have youngsters who can’t find jobs because old people are choosing not to retire. Old people are not retiring because this new generation of “old people” think they will never die due to modern advances i n medicine.With many young people unemployed or frustrated in low-level positions, there are often calls to compulsorily retire older workers. However, this can affect the older individual’s freedom and right to work and can deprive（剥夺）society of valuable experience and insights. I feel that giving workers more flexibility and choice over their retirement age will benefit society and the individual.4．The passage is arranged as follows ________5．【陕西省咸阳市武功县高三上学期摸底考试】Salvador Dali （1904-1989）was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities（无限）. “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration（合作）with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.5．How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? ________A．By popularityB．By time and subject.C．By size and shapeD．By importance.阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题（测）答案1~5 ABBAB阅读理解Ⅳ:篇章结构题（测）解析1．【文章大意】随着现代科技的发展，树荫下种植的咖啡产量越来越少，取而代之的是受到阳光暴晒的考费。