大学英语四级翻译技巧练习
大学英语四级翻译答题技巧及答题步骤1

大学英语四级翻译答题技巧及答题步骤一、答题技巧现代翻译理论认为,句子是最重要的翻译单位。
大学英语四级考试中的翻译题型也是以句子翻(一)分句、合句法 很多情况下,翻译句子的时候,需要调整原来的句子结构,分句法和合句法是调整原文句子的两种1.分句法汉译英时,需要分译的句子多数是长句,或者是结构复杂的复句。
这种句子如果译成一个长句(1)从主语变换处断句[例1]与会者对这个问题的观点差别太大,以致发生了争吵,一时会场的气氛紧张起来。
The opinions of the attendants about this issue were far from unanimous so that some of th (2)从关联词(如转折处)断句[例2]昨天出了好几起交通事故,或许是因为有大雾的缘故吧!There were several traffic accidents yesterday.Maybe because of the heavy fog.(3)从意义完整、独立处断句[例3]一转眼,20年就这样过去了,回首往事,是幸福,还是惆怅,恐怕连自己也难以搞清。
Twenty years has elapsed in the twinkling of an eye.When looking back,I’m afraid that w (4)原文出现总说或分述时要断句[例4]我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单:因为我们出口商品就是为了我们国外客户的需要。
The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple.Our export commodities are for the use and consumption of our foreign customers.(5)为了强调语气而采用断句【例5】我们主张对我国神圣领土台湾实行和平统一,有关的政策,也是众所周知和不会改变的,并且正We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory.Our poli 2.合句法 把汉语内容关系密切的两个句子甚至更多句子合译为英语的一句就是合句译法。
英语四级翻译技巧(2)

英语四级翻译技巧(2)三、词义选择所谓词义选择,是指词本来就有这个意思,问题是我们要将其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。
正确选词是保证译文质量的重要环节,如果能做到在词语意义和字面形式上都对等当然最好,如果不能兼顾,则取意义,舍形式。
越是普通的词,越是拥有繁多的释义和搭配,翻译过程中的词义也就越难以确定。
选词时,要注意词的广狭、所处的语境、词的褒贬和感情色彩。
例如:例1.【试题原句】到2012年10月,审批才又谨慎地恢复。
(2014年6月四级真题)【思路分析】SVO=审批+恢复(本句为无主句,翻译时可考虑使用被动语态,其中,“到2012年10月”为时间状语)【参考译文】The examination and approval procedure wasn’t prudently restored until October, 2012.【技巧探秘】虽然“recover”和“restore”均有“恢复”的意思,但“restore”侧重于表示“恢复(某种情况);恢复秩序”,根据语境,用于本句翻译最合适。
(词义的选择)例2.【试题原句】中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划,其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
(2015年四级真题)【思路分析】SVO=中国+启动+太空探索计划(“其中包括……”补充说明了“太空探索计划的内容)。
【参考译文】In addition, China has also launched an ambitious space exploration program, which includes building a space station by 2020.【技巧探秘】“雄心勃勃的”可以作为褒义词或贬义词使用,但是可以明显看出,其在该句中被当作褒义词使用;在翻译时,也需要注意选择对应的具有褒义用法的英文词汇,故此译为“ambitious”。
(词义的褒贬)四、转换词性词性转换是一种常用的翻译技巧,是指在必要的时候,将原文中的某个词的词性在译文里用其他词性表达出来。
大学英语四级段落翻译技巧

大学英语四级段落翻译技巧在经过英语四级改革之后,四级考试中的翻译部分从句子翻译改成了段落翻译,难度有所增加,下面整理了一些四级段落翻译技巧,希望对大家有所帮助!四级段落翻译技巧1在翻译前,先确定可以正确理解文章意思。
如:年夜饭译:The annual reunion dinner析:指过年的那顿团圆饭,每年一次。
所以在翻译时要表达出这个团聚的含义。
四级段落翻译技巧2中文没有过去式,但是英文有啊,前往别忘记翻译时态的转换如:我在第一段说过,我刚从大学毕业。
译: AsI said in my first paragraph, I was fresh from college.析:中文的时态是依赖一些汉字表达,英文根据动词的变化形式展示。
文中的“过”英文采用一般过去时翻译。
四级段落翻译技巧3有些介词可能会帮到忙,比如with+ 名词的结构,就很多见。
如:这里有许多山脉,生长着大片的森林,贮藏着丰富的矿产。
译: There are mountain ranges here with extensive forests and rich mineral resources.析:生长和储藏这两个动词在译文中并没有以动词的形式翻译,转译为英文的介词。
四级段落翻译技巧4应用英语的固定句型,这些句式可以加分,绝对是亮点如:是巴斯德发现了疾病是由活着的病菌引起的。
译: It wasPasteur who discovered that diseases are caused by living germs.析:此句应用了英文的强调句进行翻译。
四级段落翻译技巧5分析上下句之间的逻辑关系,添加一些简单的连词,英文的译文会更漂亮。
如:汽油贵得惊人,我们就很少用车。
译: Becausethe price of gasoline was fantastically high, we seldom used our cars.析:在原文中并没有出现表示原因类的词汇,但是在译文中根据两个句子之间的逻辑关系添加了表示原因的从句连词。
大学英语四级翻译题技巧

大学英语四级翻译题轻松拿高分十大技巧-翻译的实践性决定了一个事实,即要做好翻译,必须加强这方面的训练,因为大家都明白熟能生巧的道理。
同时,掌握一定的翻译技巧和方法也是必需的。
好的方法不但可以帮助我们解决一些翻译难题,保证我们译文的质量,而且大大地省去了动笔前绞尽脑汁地探求最佳译法的过程,为考试节约了宝贵的时间。
根据四级考试新题型的特点和要求,我们有针对性地总结了一些对应试有所帮助的翻译技巧和方法,以供大家参考。
1。
词语层次对单句翻译,主要体现在词语层次方面的翻译,常见的理论有:词语选择法、词义引申法、词义褒贬法、正反译法、词类转换法、增译法、省略法等。
(1)词语选择法由于汉语和英语的表达习惯和词语搭配的不同,同一个汉语词语与不同的词语搭配时,英文译文会用到不同的词语来表达。
因此,必须根据词汇的搭配关系和句子中充当的成分来确定译文所选词语。
(2)词义引申法在翻译过程中,有时会遇到一些无法找到对等英语词汇的情况,这就需要根据其基本词义进行引申。
(3)词义褒贬法由于在汉语的表达中褒贬意义通常很明显,而英语词汇中很多词都是中性的,其褒贬含义有时不是很明显,因此在翻译时,要尽量选择能表现褒贬色彩的词语。
(4)正反译法由于语言习惯的不同,汉英两种语言在正说与发说方面也常常不同。
英语中有些从正面说,汉语则从反面来解释;而对那些从反面说的句子,汉语则可以从正面来解释。
(5)词类转换法由于英汉两种语言的结构和表达方式不同,很多情况下,找不到意思对等而且词性相同的词语或短语,这时就必须根据英语的语言表达习惯,对词类进行转换。
(6)增译法在翻译时,有时为了使所翻译的译文更符合英语的表达习惯而增加一些必要的词语。
指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。
这种方式多半用在汉译英里。
汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或There be结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。
大学英语四级翻译练习(附答案)

翻译专题(一)1.Had it not been for your help, ______________(我们绝对不可能)get over the difficulties.2. This is the very book ________________(19 世纪80年代出版的书), which has greatly influenced people’s views on the world.3._____________ (是从汤姆那里)she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.4. _______________(我们所需要的)to complete the construction is two million dollars.5. It is high time we _______________(采取措施)protect the environment.6.I wish ___________________(能呆在家里)this morning, but I had to go for an interview.7. Only in an emergency __________________ (这个方案才能被执行).8. If you want to see the chairman of the department, you’d better __________________ (与他的秘书约定)first.9. ________________________(足球比赛是否举行)depends on the weather.10.________________________(意识到了自己的错误), her face turned red.11. He was sitting in the chair, ____________________(读着一本书)12. ________________________(他对这个计划保持沉默这一事实)made everyone curious.13. I think she hurt my feelings on purpose rather than by accident _______________(正如她所宣称的那样)14.The factory’s output this year is __________________(去年的产量的三倍).15. Doctors suggest that people ______________(不应该熬夜)even on holidays.16. ______________________(要是妈妈知道了怎麽办?)Do you think she will get angry?17. _______________(众所周知), too much stress can cause disease.18. _____________(吃的药越多), the worse I seem to feel.19. _________________(直到1986 年)that table tennis was accepted as a regular part of the Olympic Games.20. It was essential that the application forms __________________ (在截至日期被送回).21. ______________(有迹象表明)restaurants are becoming more popular with families.22. Researchers are trying to discover how this built-in biological time clock works _______________________(以便他们能减慢其过程).23. _______________________(为了在最短时间内赶上他的同学), Sam decided to work during the weekend.24. ____________________(比尔从未想过)that his proposal would be met with disapproval at the meeting.25. It took Jim about two weeks __________________(习惯他的新工作)as a sales manager. 26._________________(闭上眼睛,静静地躺在稻草上), he made an effort of will to overcome the pain.27. The professor encouraged students to think independently instead of ___________________________ ( 把自己的思想强加给)them.28. __________________(为了安全起见), all dangerous things should be placed beyond children’s reach.29. In that case, several government officials ____________ (被指控)economic crimes.30. _____________(尽管得到了出版), his work didn’t attract much attention.31. She can’t afford to buy a house in Beijing, so she ____________(别无选择)rent an apartment.32. _________________(现在已经很晚了), we took our things and retired to our room.33. Measured against the achievement of his friends, Jack thinks that his work is ______________(远不能令人满意).34. He said he worked hard not so much to fulfill his dreams as to ______________(不辜负他父母的期望).35. ___________________(多亏他们的参与), the plan is carried out smoothly. 36.Though built before World War Two, the engine is still _____________(处于良好的状态).37. Everyone should _______________(有资格享受) a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.38.The manager________________(高度赞扬)such virtues as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his emphasis.39. ________________(受美国一所大学的邀请), I finally flew to San Francisco on August 6, 1988.40.When the temperature becomes extreme, ____________(人们不断抱怨天气).41. ______________(尽管他们有着各种各样的困难), the sailors were determined to unload the ship ahead of schedule.42. People’s attitude toward drugs ________________(每个人各不相同).翻译专题(二)1.The special committee recommended that _________________________________ (这项工程不应动工) until all the preparations have been made.2.The audience must have missed their musical performance or they________________________________________(给予高度评价).3.________________________________________(你最好行为规矩些) if you do not wantyour boss to lose his temper.4.Joe is not good at sports, but ___________________________ (说到数字), he is the best inthe class.5.Not only ____________________________ (这家工厂完成生产任务) last year, but it alsodoubled its output6.If we___________________________(对此视而不见),we shall make the gravest errorimaginable.7.How can one ______________________(袖手旁观) when a woman is being attacked androbbed in broad daylight?8.The secretary ____________________________(详细记录) what the members of the Boardof Directors had discussed at the meeting.9.The firm has decided to switch to another line of products, as these___________________(不畅销).10.The local government has set up a number of technical schools to meet the needs of________________________________________(迅速发展的经济)in the region.11.We felt very disappointed after the show,________________________________.(因为很多应该参加演出的名演员没有来)12.After he has retired,_______________________________________.(他准备把精力投入到慈善事业中去)13.He works very hard___________________________________.(好像永远不打算睡觉似的)14.He will surely succeed ___________________________________.(只要你不停的努力)15.What he objects to is the bureaucracy, _______________________________.(这种情况正在不断滋长)翻译专题(三)1.She ____________________________________(对我们的警告充耳不闻)and got lost.2.That Canadian speaks Chinese ______________________________________(和他说英语一样流利).3.___________________________(Tony是否来) doesn’t matter much. We can rely onourselves.4.On hearing that news, I __________________________ (忍不住笑起来) and spread itamong the class.5.Not until Alice had a baby of her own _______________________________ (她才了解)how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own.6.Can you prove that ________________________________ (是Henry偷了我的电脑吗) ?7.Chinese President, Hu Jintao called on the whole country ___________________________(与时俱进).8.But for his teacher’s help he _____________________________________ (是不会成功的).9.Since the death of her husband, she got into the habit of ___________________________(让门一直关着).10.Remember that the less processed a food,_______________________________ (它的矿物质和维生素含量就越高).11.__________________________________________ (虽然我们已经取得很大进步), we stillhave a long way to go.12.Tom__________________________________________________(太骄傲了,以至于看不出到自己的缺点).13.We have to admit the fact that________________________________________(生命的质量和生命本身一样重要).14.It is time___________________________________________ (当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题).15.Only in this way,_____________________________________ (你才能学好英语).翻译专题(一)1.we would never have been able to2.that was published in the 1880s3.It was from Tom that4.What we need5.took measures to6.I could have stayed at home7.can this plan be carried out8.make an appointment with his secretary9.Whether the football match will be played or not10.Having realized her mistake/ Conscious of her mistake11.reading a book12.The fact that he kept silent about the plan13.as she claimed14.three times as much as that of last year15.(should )not stay up16.What if Mother knows about it17.As is known to all18.The more medicine I take19.It was not until 198620.(should) be sent back before the deadline21.There are signs that22.so that they can slow down the process23.in order to catch up with his classmates in the shortest period of time24.I never occurred to Bill25.to get used to his new job26.Closing his eyes and lying on the hay27.imposing their own ideas on28.For the sake of safety29.were accused of / were charged with30.Published as it was/ Although it was published31.has no choice but to32.It being pretty late now33.far from being satisfactory34.live up to his parents’ expectations35.Thanks to their participation36.in good condition37.be entitled to38.spoke highly of39.Having been invited by an American university40.people constantly complain about the weather41.In spite of all the difficulties they had42.varies from person to person翻译专题(二)1.the project not be started考点:虚拟语气,动词recommend后的宾语从句中使用should 加动词原形的虚拟式,should 可以省略.2.would have spoken highly of it考点:1)虚拟语气,表示和过去事实相反时,主句用would have done 结构;2)短语“给予…高度评价”,可译为speak highly of….3.You’d better behave yourself考点:1)句型“最好做某事”用had better do sth.; 2) 短语“行为规矩些”应译为behave yourself.4.when it comes to mathematics maths考点:1)“说到”用短语when it comes to,该短语通常用于引起另一个话题,本题中从“体育”到“数学”即是转换了话题; 2)时态,本句其他部分的时态都是一般现在时,故从句中的动词come 用第三人称单数形式comes.5.did the factory fulfill the production考点:1)not only 放在句首时局自需部分倒装,即助动词提前,居中时态为过去时,故用did; 2) 短语“完成生产任务”可译为 fulfill the production, fulfill 有“实现,完成(计划)”的意思,“任务”可不译出来.6.are blind to this考点:“视而不见”还可以翻译为:turn a blind eye to; take no notice of ; pretend not to see7.stand by考点:考查常用成语。
大学英语四级翻译真题技巧点拨

大学英语四级翻译真题技巧点拨一、翻译原文公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
近年来,由于私家车数量不断增多,城市的交通问题越来越严重。
许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行,一直努力改善公交车的服务质量。
车辆的设施不断更新,车速也有了显著提高。
然而,公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
现在,在大多数城市,许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
二、参考译文Buses used to be one of the main vehicles for Chinese people. Recently, due to the increasing number of private cars, the traffic problems in cities become more serious. In order to encourage the public to take buses instead of private cars, many cities manage to improve their buses’quality of service.The facilities of buses have been upgraded, and the speed increased significantly, while the prices of buses remain rather low. Now, many local senior citizens can take buses for free in most cities.三、翻译技巧点拨中文与英文是属于两大不同语系的语言,在表达方面存在着较大的差异,好多同学存在着看懂中文却无法使用地道的英文句式及词汇将中文翻译出来的问题,这里,文都教育的英语老师为大家介绍2种翻译的基本技巧,希望可以帮助大家提升翻译水平。
第一种是增词或减词法,即可以在不改变原文所要表达的意思的基础下,对原文中的词汇进行删减和增加。
大学英语四级翻译技巧讲解

大学英语四级翻译技巧讲解一、复习建议:1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累2. 广撒网,学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练做这些单句训练时,先阅读1遍整个段落,专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子,然后重点练习这一句的翻译。
难句会了,简单句自然不在话下。
在做单句翻译时,先尝试自己翻,翻完以后,对照答案,看解析,总结和揣摩其中好的词汇和表达。
下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例,具体学习吧~1. 对于大多数年轻人来说,结婚意味着独立组建家庭,然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。
参考译文:For most young people, marriage means setting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices.词汇点评:组建家庭:set up a family。
有同学容易使用start a family。
start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。
越来越:一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more,比如“越来越多的人”more and more people,但译为a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮;而表达“变得越来越”的含义时,使用become increasingly的译法更好。
物价的不断上涨:constantly rising prices,而不是price rising。
表达点评:本句是一个表转折关系的并列句,后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切……”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”,因此,用which引导的非限制性定语从句,让整个句子简洁明了。
使字句的翻译:“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因,因此处理为原因状语,用because of…来带出原因。
大学英语四级考试翻译应试技巧

大学英语四级考试翻译应试技巧一、评分标准汉译英部分有其详细的评分原则,了解这些评分原则对我们解答试题,取得高分有很大的帮助。
(1)整体内容和语言均正确,得1分。
(2)结构正确,但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当,得0.5分。
(3)整体意思正确但语言有错误,得0.5分。
(4)整体意思完全错误,即使结构正确也不得分。
(5)大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。
例如:Since mychildhood I have found that__________________ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).(2006.12)1分 nothingattracts me so much as readingnothing but/other than/except reading can attract meso muchnothing can/could be sofascinating/inviting asreadingnothing is more appealing to me than reading books0.5分 there is nothingbut reading that can catch my attention (意思不确切)nothing was more attractive to me than reading (语言错误)there is no more attractive thing than reading (意思不确切)nothing is more interesting than reading (books)for/to me (意思不确切)0分 there is nothing than reading that is attracted me a lot (意思不确切、语言错误)nothing is more interesting than reading bookfor me (意思不确切、语言错误)nothing is more attracted to me thanstudy/studying/studies (意思不确切、语言错误)nothing can contract me more than reading books(整体意思错误)二、真题解析以下摘取的是四级新题型样卷及真题中的翻译部分, 我们先看一下2007 年12 月的考题。
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复习对策
? 一.看核心语法,重点看虚拟语 气;比较状语从句;倒装句;现在分 词;过去分词;不定式;动名词。
? 二.把老四级词汇与结构真题答 案带进题目浏览一遍
? 三.把写不出的单词短语换个说 法。比如写不出“他向我收费过高” 中的“overcharge, charge ”,我们 可以说“ask me to pay him much more money ”。
? 再比如写不出“把孩子的成功归 因于”我们可以说“ to think their children' s success is due to ”。
真题强化
2006-6
? 87.Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________ (找到去历史博物馆的 路).
? finding the way to the history museum
? 88.________ (为了挣钱供我上 学), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
? In order to support my university studies (to finance my education)
1. 固定搭配考点:这是翻译中的最 为核心的考点,也是近几次命题密 度最高的知识点,应该引起考生的 高度重视。比如说名词与动词搭配, 形容词与名词搭配,动词与副词的 修饰关系,名词与介词搭配,更为 重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定 表达,这些都可能成为本次考试的 命题重点。
例1:By contrast, American mothers were more likely ___________________________ ____ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.(大纲样题)。
? 上面这道题是 2004年1月份考试的一 道词汇单选题,同学们不难发现,句 中的submit(提交)这个考点词在 2006 年6月的新的翻译题中再次出现,这 足以说明以前的词汇语法题目的考点 与新题型中的翻译题考点具有延续性 与继承性。
? 89. 我们交研究报告 (2006.6)
? 参考答案: we (should) hand in/submit our research reports
3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查。 例1:Though a skilled worker, ____________________(他被公 司解雇了) last week because of
the economic crisis .
? 1. 在进行翻译练习时,尽量力求翻译多样化, 以便扩展思维,开阔思路,掌握重点核心表 达。
?
He says that ____________ (这张门票使我 们能免费参观Disneyland)。
? 使…?
? 1.this ticket makes/lets us can visit Disneyland freely.
? 2. this ticket enables us to visit Disneyland for free.
2. 核心语法考点:这部分语法考点 大多数是以前词汇语法考点的重现 和转移,这一点要引起同学的重视, 尽管词汇单选题现在不考了,但是 还是不能忽视这部分题目,因为考 点是一致的。核心语法考点最重要 的虚拟语气,其次是倒装结构、从 句知识、倒装结构、非谓语动词等。
例2:Not only
___________________________ (他向我收费过高), but he didn' t do a good repair job either (大纲样 题)
? 3. this ticket entitles us to a free tour in Disneyland.
2. 绝对不能忽视以前词汇语法的单 项选择题,尽量在以前的词汇题中 挖掘新翻译考点
例:The author was required to submit an abstract of about 200 words together with his research paper.
? (考点:虚拟语气名词从句中的应用 )
? 3. 多背搭配,同时利用经典搭配 多造句子,完善语法结构。同时 可以提高自己的写作水平,一举 两得。
? 4. 强化重点语法知识。如倒装结 构、虚拟语气、比较结构、定语 从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。
? 5. 深度分析已考翻译试题,全面 掌握挖掘潜在考点,学会举一反 三。
大学英语四级翻译辅导
翻译技巧 真题 练习
翻译技巧
? 四级翻译基本考点 ? 五点冲刺建议
真题集
? 2006年6月 ? 2006年12月 ? 2007年6月 ? 2007年12月
考前55练
?1 10
? 11 19
? 21 29
? 31 39
? 41 49
23456789
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 40 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 50 51 52 53 54 55
1)首先,确定关键词(一般由两个词或词组 组成),寻找可能的英文相应表达;
2) 然后,利用相应的语法结构或功能连接 方式(connectives) 将两个英文词或词组连 接起来;
3) 最后,结合待翻译的文字在句子中所 处的位置与功能,根据句法结构理顺语言。
考察重点
? 特殊句型(倒状句,比较状语从 句),核心语法(虚拟语气、分 词、不定式),重点词组语法结 构、句型句式、词汇部分的重心 将仍在词组方面。
? 根据最新的《大学英语四级考试 (CET-4)试点考试样卷》,翻译 将采取5题以中译英方式补全句 子的形式,考查涉及语法结构、 句型句式、词汇词组等多个方面.
? 名为翻译,实为补全句子 .
如何拿下中译Biblioteka 高分在四级新题型考试中,翻译题所占分值为 5%。 它考查的内容主要包括两部分,一是意群的
表达,二是句法。 解题思路