2011中级口译口试讲义
中级口译口试讲义（新东方）
中级口译口试讲义（新东方）第一篇：中级口译口试讲义(新东方)中级口译口试讲义主讲：朱巧莲第一章口译综述一、口试部分简介1、常见选题①选择性、辩论性话题②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等③校园文化话题④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等2、口语应试技巧①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通②通过原版外片提高语感③背诵好的演讲稿④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量⑤平日进行作文练习3、口语考试常见问题：①因为紧张忘记事先准备的例子②表达不流利4、口译考试介绍二、口译实考体验口译基本功1、考生具备较高语言水平2、丰富词汇量、流利的表达3、准确的发音4、较高的文化修养5、很好的心理素质6、很强的记忆力7、较强的理解力、分析力、应变能力中外合资是一种互补互惠的合作关系。
外国在华投资可以最大限度地发挥各自的优势。
A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementaryand beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我国幅员辽阔、资源丰富、劳动力低廉、消费市场潜力大。
此外我们还有稳定的政治社会环境和优惠的投资政策。
Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.发达国家有雄厚的资金、先进的技术和管理知识。
投资兴办合资企业时，外方可以提供资金、机械、技术和管理方法。
Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、劳工和部分资金。
翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义整合
翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义整合如何高效有质量的备考中级口译呢今天小编给大家带来了翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义学术头衔系列除了含“正〞“副〞级别的高级职称和中级职称外，还有初级职称如“助理〞，“助理〞常用 assistant 来表示，例如：助理教授 assistant professor助理研究员 assistant research fellow助理工程师 assistant engineer助理编辑 assistant editor助理馆员 assistant research fellow of... (e.g. library science) 助理教练 assistant coach助理农艺师 assistant agronomist还有一些行业的职称头衔，其高级职称不用“正〞或“副〞表示，而直接用“高级〞或“资深〞来表示，我们可以用 senior 来称呼，例如：高级编辑 senior editor高级工程师 senior engineer高级记者 senior reporter高级讲师 senior lecturer高级教师 senior teacher高级农艺师 senior agronomist翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义当然，有些英语职位头衔，如 manager 和 headmaster，其副职头衔可冠以assistant，例如：副总经理 assistant / deputy general manager; assistant / deputy managingdirector大堂副理(宾馆)assistant manager副校长(中小学)assistant headmaster以 director 表示的职位的副职常以 deputy director 表示。
此外，secretary, mayor, dean等头衔的副职也可冠以 deputy，例如：副秘书长 deputy secretary-general耐书记 deputy secretary副市长 deputy mayor副院长 deputy dean翻译资格考试中级口译复习讲义电大 college courses broadcast on television 垫付 advancement, payment onaccount 电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number电话会议 teleconference电话会议呼叫 Conference calling电话勒索 telephone extortionist.电老虎 electricity guzzler; big power consumer点面结合 integrate point and sphere点名册 roll book电脑病毒 computer virus电脑犯罪 computer crime电脑校对机 electronic-brain co llator电脑空间 cyberspace电脑聊天 cyberchat电脑盲 computer illiterate电脑迷 mouse potato点球 penalty kick电视电影 made-for-television movie (A total of 28 Primetime Emmy Awards,especially those involving made-for-television movies and miniseries that werepreviously excluded from the live broadcast, will be presented live by CBStelevision during the Sept. 20 event, according to a report on the Dailynewswebsite. 《每日新闻》网站报道称，美国哥伦比亚电视台将于 9 月 20 日现场直播黄金时段节目艾美奖颁奖典礼。
2011年上海中口笔试真题及答案
2011年上海口译考试中级口译笔试（全真试题+答案）完整版SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ (8).’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)!Then you have ___________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and agai n at eleven o’clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; _____________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ (18). I sleep at five o’clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ (19) during the day; I have the _____________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B) The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C) I don’t watch TV that much, be cause of the omnipresent advertisements.(D) I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. (A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B) The plane arrived at 8:00.(C) The plane arrived at 9:00.(D) The plane arrived at 10:00.3. (A) I’ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B) I’ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C) It’s obvious that I’ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D) It’s out of que stion that I should get into any agreement with you.4. (A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B) Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C) It’d be better if no one had attended this morning’s committee meeting..(D) The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. (A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B) Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C) There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D) People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. (A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. (A) For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curiou s about other people’s restatements.(D) Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We’d better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. (A) I don’t think you have more to say on that topic.(B) I think we’d better talk about that in detail sometime later.(C) I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.(D) I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five12. (A) A profit-making private school.(B) A non-profit-making independent school.(C) A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.(D) A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. (A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15—1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. (A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B) The American Heritage Dictionary(C) The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D) The Drinking Water Dictionary17. (A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B) It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.(C) It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D) It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. (A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19—2219. (A) He’s bought his wife a present. (B) He’s missed an important phone call.(C) He’s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He’s popped out shopping.20. (A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B) Offering special reductions.(C) Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D) Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. (A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.22. (A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23—2623. (A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.24. (A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B) Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C) Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D) Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. (A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.26. (A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B) By taking a sonic bath.(C) By attending classical concerts.(D) By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27—3027. (A) His grandfather’s house. (B) His parents’ remarks.(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.28. (A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.29. (A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.30. (A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B) No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C) There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D) The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1—5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.(B) The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.(C) Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.(D) The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows ‘in other words’ (para.1)?(A) An example of the previous sentence.(B) A new idea about the court system.(C) An item of evidence to call for a trial.(D) A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, ‘he can go free’ (para.3) means _________.(A) the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him(B) the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent(C) the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not(D) the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?(A) To pay for the judge and the trial.(B) To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.(C) To ensure that the suspect will return to court.(D) To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.(B) The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.(C) It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.(D) The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10S o you’ve got an invention—you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cut s grass with a jet of water (not so daft, someone has invented one), is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost £165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That’s if he’s lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner (Administration), who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.(A) keep their ideas from being stolen(B) reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity(C) visit the patent office building(D) come up with more new devices7. The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’ (para.5) means _________.(A) the children with high intelligence(B) the inventions that people come up with(C) a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis(D) a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common?(A) Both were approved by the monarch.(B) Both were granted by King Henry VI.(C) Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.(D) Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?(A) He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.(B) He is the first person to be granted an official patent.(C) He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.(D) He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?(A) It is rather expensive(B) It is an impossible task.(C) It is extremely difficult.(D) It is very tricky..Questions 11—15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structures evolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters (if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone) and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutionscommonly called ‘brine’ does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.(A) consuming all the grain themselves(B) generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature(C) increasing the moisture content in the grain(D) attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________.(A) expresses doubts about direct smoking(B) describes salting and pickling as ineffective(C) condemns direct drying(D) mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.(A) it exposes them to insects(B) it makes them hard(C) it damages the protein(D) it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.(A) destroying the protein(B) drawing away moisture from the food(C) drying the food in the sun(D) dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.(A) it damages the protein less(B) it can be combined with pickling(C) it leaves the inside moist(D) it makes the food softQuestions 16—20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors areconcerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.(A) to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B) to process information as fast as possible(C) to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D) to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.(A) their greater speed of operation(B) their control of the product quality(C) their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D) their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.(A) plenty of information(B) surplus human energy(C) destructive outbursts(D) less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’ (para.4)?(A) Effort.(B) Force.(C) Excess.(D) Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B) Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C) The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D) Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome’s water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans’ flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21. The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT _________.(A) earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone22. Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of water probably because _________.(A) the Romans could build them more cheaply(B) these channels could follow uneven ground more easily(C) the Romans could not build large pipes。
2011年11月中口口试真题回忆版
2011年11月中口口试真题回忆版一、口语Topic 大意是“财富是不是衡量成功的唯一标识”（显然不是~）Topic 其实说了半分钟左右考官就会示意可以停了，直接进入翻译部分。
但也可能根据每个考生或考官情况不同，时间也会不同。
二、汉译英（发现这次考题一半是《中级口译教程》里的原题，说明好好复习这本书是很重要的！）1、《中级口译教程》（第二版）——5-3 旅客之居A Place to Stay 第2、3段。
（刚进高中时候买的，一直没考，虽然现在都出到第四版了，就不浪费啦^-^）2、关于“家政服务”类的。
大致是说由于现代人工作忙碌，家政服务越来越受到青睐，比......年增长百分之多少以及其优点......。
三、英译汉1、《中级口译教程》（第二版）——6-1 传统节日Traditional Holidays 第4段末至第5段初。
讲的是春节。
2、关于"The Inspiration of the 2010 Shanghai Expo"。
大致是说上海世博会对于中国的意义，让更多人了解中国文化，增进友谊等。
心得：候考的时候不紧张是不可能的，但是想自己已经尽力了，无论结果怎样，在这复习的过程中已收获丰厚。
那天7:30就要到上外，因为报名早，所以直接进入教室候考。
（而不是在逸夫会场，所以想早考的童鞋们记得早报名哦~）8点左右正式开考，没想到当初报名太早（>_<) 第二批就进考场了，（一位年轻的女考官和一位年长的男考官）所以我连紧张的时间都没有啊:) 8点50左右就出来了。
迅速得好像还来不及回味~~《中级口译教程》一定要一篇篇的做，万事开头难，随着一天天的复习，会感到自己实实在在的进步~~我是考前一个月开始复习的，每天4~5个小时，完成并熟悉书中80%左右的文章。
呵呵，相信大家只要努力，一定也能通过！加油！。
中级口译第二部分口试-11
中级口译第二部分口试-11(总分：20.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)1.（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(很荣幸今天能够在这个杰出的论坛上与大家交流。
首先，我想借此机会对在座的每一位表示感谢，感谢你们今天在百忙之中抽出时间来到这里。
21年后的今天，我们已经在多伦多占据了十分重要的地位，在这座城市里我们拥有近4000名员工。
虽然我们的总部在蒙特利尔，然而我们面向全球的业务却都是在多伦多处理的。
如果我们在多伦多占据一个重要的位置，那是因为多伦多是一个巨大的市场。
事实上，加拿大IT业70%的新兴投资都在多伦多。
我们确信这只是一个开始，我们还远未深入到这个市场中。
今天在座的还有来自多伦多办公室的同事们。
我很高兴向他们表示感谢。
他们每一个人都极具奉献精神，尽职地与各个行业的客户们打交道，包括金融服务业、电信设备、政府机关和医疗保健业、零售业、销售业以及制造业。
)解析：[听力原文]It is an honor for me to speak to you today in this distinguished forum. First, I would like to take this opportunity to thank each and every one of you for taking the time from your busy schedules to join me here today.Today, 21 years later, we have a very strong presence in Toronto, with close to 4,000 people in the city. While our head office is in Montreal, our worldwide operations are managed from Toronto. If we have a strong presence here, it is because Toronto is a huge market. As a matter of fact, 70 % of new investments in Canada in IT are done here in Toronto. We're convinced that this is just the beginning. We've just skimmed the surface of this market.Some of my colleagues from our Toronto office have joined us here today. I am proud to acknowledge them. They are very dedicated and work with our clients in all sectors, financial services, telecom and utilities, government and healthcare, retail, distribution and manufacturing.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)2.（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(亚太经合组织的亮点之一，便是它的成员国主动提出了意义深远的、务实的、有良好构想的合作的想法。
中级口译听力真题Talks and Conversations+评析
9月中级口译听力真题Talks and Conversations+评析2011年秋季上海中高级口译考试将于9月18日开考，为了帮助考生朋友第一时间得知自己的考试情况，考试大将会在考后第一时间为您发布9月18日上海中高级口译考试真题及答案！本文为2011年9月中级口译考试听力talks and conversations。
Talks and Conversations 1：WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.WOMAN: Well, I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is really killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.WOMAN: I see, well, what about tomorrow at nine.MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.11. Why was the man telephoning?12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?14. Which of the following is true about the man?评析：这是个关于和医生与时间会诊的通话。
2011级第二学期口语考试(全新版)
2011级第二学期口语考试(全新版)D1、2、的主题进行口头交际的能力。
考试内容紧扣《全新版大学英语综合教程2》、《全新版大学英语听说教程2》。
3、考试形式、试题构成考试采用面对面的形式，每场考试由1名教师考官和2名考生组成。
部分题型时间分值说明Part I 背诵2分钟30 考生背诵考官指定的课文段落Part II 问答2分钟30 考官发问、学生作答；Part III 会话2-3分钟40 考生抽签→准备→开始注明：Part I 为全新版综合教程第二册1-7课要求背诵的段落，可通知学生提前准备。
背诵段落参见教材。
Part II的问答是老师从全新版综合教程第二册1-7单元题中选择某个单元的主题，围绕这个主题，要求学生即兴回答问题（可参考7套口语测试题，不向学生提供问题，学生无需准备。
）Part III 情景对话，选择《全新版大学英语听说教程2》1-13单元课文中的会话练习，可通知学生提前准备1-13课的情景对话，口语考试以学生抽签决定。
4、考试成绩评定考试评分标准有三项，即"语言的准确性" 、"话语的连贯性"和"语言交际是否积极主动"。
口试总分为100分，分为A（85-100）、B（75-84）、C（60-74）和D（不及格）四个等级。
为方便考官记分，特制定等级标准表供参考。
等级等级描述A（85-100）发音较好，语音语调正确，背诵流利；能就熟悉的题材（课文主题）进行口头交际，基本上没有困难。
B（75-84）发音尚可，语音语调基本正确，朗读基本连贯；能就熟悉的题材（课文主题）进行口头交际，虽有困难，但不影响交际。
C（60-74）发音有缺陷，朗读不够连贯；能就熟悉的题材（课文主题）进行简单口头交际D（不及格）发音较差，朗读毫无连贯性；不具备口头交际能力（不及格）Test 1Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 12-14, Unit 1Part II Answering Questions1.How did you learn English at high school?2.How do you learn English at college?3.Are you employing new methods helpful to the study of college English? If so, what are they? If not, why not?4.What do you think of the method of “teaching by holding his hand”?5.In terms of English learning, which do you think is more important, creativity or basic skills?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A and B talk about the climate in Changsha. A thinks the climate here is terrible. B doesn’t agree.2. You are going to attend a party tonight, but you don’t know what jewelry you should wear. You ask your partner for suggestion, and then you talk about your favorite keepsake and memories with each other.Test 2Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 19-22, Unit 2Part II Answering Questions1.Do you know Sam Walton? What kind of person was he?2.Have you ever been to Wal-Mart in Changsha? What do you think of shopping there?3.Does being rich mean you live a completely different life from ordinary people? Please explain a little.4.Sam Walton, the richest man in America, carried on like plain folks. Do you think it’s strange?5.If you should become the richest man in China, what kind of life would you like to live?Part III Situational Dialogues1.A has read an article about a famous person. He/She is talking to B about the person.2. Talk about your ideal house with your partner. What does it look like? What color is the house? How big is it? And how do you feel in the house?Test 3Part I RecitingRecite the comments on Father made by Sean(lines 60-64), Unit 3Part II Answering Questions1.Do you always understand your parents? Give some examples.2.Do your parents always understand you? Give some examples.3.What do you think causes the generation gap?4.What do you think is the key to bridging the generation gap?5.Suppose your father is in front of you now. What would you like to say to him?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A and B talk about music. A likes pop music/folk music very much, but B prefers classical music.2. Talk with your partner about the most interesting or unforgettable party you have ever attended, describe the food , place, type of the party and the theme for the party etc.Test 4Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 10-13, Unit 4Part II Answering Questions1.What is your attitude toward the digital world?2.What are the positive effects of a virtual life?3.What are the negative effects of a virtual life?4.Which do you prefer, a virtual life or the real life? Why?5.What do you do on your computer nowadays? How much do you rely on it for company?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A tells B that he/she saw a strange thing yesterday.B feels surprised and asks A some questions about it.2. You are going out to eat after class. With your partner, discuss which restaurant to go to.Test 5Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 9-10, Unit 5Part II Answering Questions1.How do you cope with obstacles in your daily life?2.Do you think dreaming contributes to success? Why or why not?3.What, according to the writer, contributed to Michael’s success in pole-vaulting?4.What was the particular obstacle in Michael’s pole-vaulting career?5.What is the main factor leading you to academic success? Is it dreaming, hard work or something else?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A invites B to dinner. They each order some food and drinks and enjoy a big meal. After the meal, B insists on sharing the expenses with A.2. Think of a strange dream you had, talk about it with your partner, ask him what strange dreams he had?Test 6Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 11-13, Unit 6Part III Answering Questions1.What do you think of Mao Zedong’s famous saying that women hold up half the sky?2.Why is it more difficult for women to move up in society? What are their problems?3.Do you think society still discriminates against women? Give facts to support your conclusion.4.In your view, how could we achieve the goal that men and women become true equals?5.What do you think of the girl students’ status in our university?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A, a doctor, is now facing B, a patient, who believes that he/she is seriously ill. A examines B and tells him/her that his/her suspicion is groundless. B is relieved.2. Should women be stay-at-home mothers after they have children? Discuss it with your partner.Test 7Part I RecitingRecite Paragraphs 17-19, Unit 7Part III Answering Questions1.What’s your impression of English l anguage?2.Why does English today have a much larger vocabulary than any other living language?3.What do you think has made English “the first truly global language”?4.What do you think of the role of English in the 21st century?5.Do you think it is worthwhile for the Chinese students to spend so much time and effort learning English?Part III Situational Dialogues1. A asks B about one of the scientific inventions of the 20th century. They talk about the time and place of the invention, and its attractions.2. You are angry because you are going to see a football game with your friend, but your friend is late, your partner is trying to comfort you and giving you some suggestions.11。
2011中级口译口试讲义(新东方)
中级口译口试讲第一章口译综述1、常见选题①选择性、辩论性话题②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等③校园文化话题④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等2、口语应试技巧①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通②通过原版外片提高语感③背诵好的演讲稿④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量⑤平日进行作文练习近年中口考试特点1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。
2、英译汉部分较难。
3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。
4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。
考场描述：My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123. My topic today is…第二章礼仪性口译《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明一、vocabulary work词汇预热一world-renowned 世界闻名diversity 多样化dynamism充满活力a special regard特殊的敬意nostalgic怀旧的、思乡的memorable值得回忆的utmost courtesy非常的礼貌extensive广泛的overshadow使……黯然失色non-governmental sector民间组织foundations基金会mutual benefit互惠互利good faith良好的诚意strategic relationship战略关系flourish兴旺繁荣mutual 的搭配mutual 可以和这些词搭配mutual respect/benefit/understandingmutual trust/confidence/courtesy (礼尚往来)mutual equality/complementarityour mutual friend 我们共同的朋友mutual aid 互助mutual promise 相互的约定by mutual consent 双方同意mutual affection 相爱二、Expressing ThanksPermit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality. My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，请允许我感谢中国东道主的精心安排与好客，我夫人与我，以及代表团的全体人员，都深为感激。
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中级口译口试讲义第一章口译综述1、常见选题①选择性、辩论性话题②热点问题：西部大开发、北京申奥等③校园文化话题④社会现象、成功、快乐、国家政策等2、口语应试技巧①多与英美国家人士交流、沟通②通过原版外片提高语感③背诵好的演讲稿④阅读报纸，提高词汇量，充实知识量⑤平日进行作文练习近年中口考试特点1、课本内容仅占1/4，其余内容来自口译实例。
2、英译汉部分较难。
3、汉译英通常都可以听懂，但考生翻译时往往出现词汇量匮乏的问题。
4、注重平日口译技能的综合培养。
考场描述：My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123. My topic today is…第二章礼仪性口译《英语中级口译资格证书考试中级口译教程第二版》梅德明一、vocabulary work词汇预热一world-renowned 世界闻名diversity 多样化dynamism充满活力a special regard特殊的敬意nostalgic怀旧的、思乡的memorable值得回忆的utmost courtesy非常的礼貌extensive广泛的overshadow使……黯然失色non-governmental sector民间组织foundations基金会mutual benefit互惠互利good faith良好的诚意strategic relationship战略关系flourish兴旺繁荣mutual 的搭配mutual 可以和这些词搭配mutual respect/benefit/understandingmutual trust/confidence/courtesy (礼尚往来)mutual equality/complementarityour mutual friend 我们共同的朋友mutual aid 互助mutual promise 相互的约定by mutual consent 双方同意mutual affection 相爱二、Expressing ThanksPermit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality. My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，请允许我感谢中国东道主的精心安排与好客，我夫人与我，以及代表团的全体人员，都深为感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome. This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感谢阁下的友好欢迎辞，对我本人以及代表团所有成员来说，1这是愉快而难忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country. We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我结束讲话之前，我想再说一遍，我们来贵国作客是多么的愉快和荣幸。
对于我们抵达贵国后你们为我们所做的一切，我们深表感谢。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我谨代表在座的所有的同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。
我不仅要感谢特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。
表示感谢的常用形式On behalf of…For myself and for our entire delegation,On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name,For our Group and myself,主体结构：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr. Smithfor your kind invitation (to visit China / to this fair.) /kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet. /for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnestgratitude for your help.我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious receptionand hospitality.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visitthis beautiful city and work with you.非常感谢你们给我这个极好的机会让我来访问这个美丽的城市并和你们共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, whichbrings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感谢布鲁尔斯校长的邀请，使我来到久负盛名的剑桥大学。
三、which从句This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life. 这种看法基本上是正确的，它反映了美国人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass. “灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途汽车公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days. They were good days, important days. We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship. 我们参与了那富有戏剧性的转变过程，它使我们重新走到一起，使我们踏上了通往建立一种真诚友好与合作关系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship. 我的访问是良好诚意的象征，我们怀着这种良好诚意，希望能在友谊的基础上建立文化和商业关系，建立重要的战略关系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对你们那独有的、著称2于世的款待表示感谢。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination. 所以，让我们沿着通往共同目标的不同的道路，一起开始新的长征。
这个目标就是建立一个和平与正义的世界，在这个世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊严，所有国家无论其大小，都有权决定自己的政府形式，选择自己的发展道路，而不受外来干涉或统治。