【综合素质】50道易错题

【综合素质】50道易错题
【综合素质】50道易错题

科目一(通用)】50 道易错题科目一

1. 依据《中华人民共和国教师法》,为保障教师完成教育教学任务,下列有关各级人民政府、教育行政部门、有关部门、学校和其他教育机构应当履行职责的说法,不正确的一项是()

A. 提供教育教学设施和设备

B?提供必需的图书、资料及其他教育教学用品

C对教师在教育教学、科学研究中的创造性工作给以鼓励和帮助

D?支持教师制止有害于学生的行为或者其他侵犯学生合法权益的行为

【答案】A

【解析】《中华人民共和国教师法》第9 条规定“为保障教师完成教育教学任务,各级人民政府、教育行政部门、有关部门、学校和其他教育机构应当履行下列职责:提供符合国家安全标准的教育教学设施和设备;提供必需的图书、资料及其他教育教学用品;对教师在教育教学、科学研究中的创造性工作给以鼓励和帮助;支持教师制止有害于学生的行为或者其他侵犯学生合法权益的行为。”A 选项中没有对教育设施和设备加定语“符合国家安全标准”。

2. 依据《中华人民共和国教师法》的相关规定,社会力量所办学校的教师待遇:

A. 由教育行政部门确定,但由举办者予以保障

B. 由举办者自行确定,但由教育行政部门予以保障

C. 由教育行者部门确定并予以保障

D. 由举办者自行确定并予以保障

【答案】D

【解析】教师法法第三十二条社会力量所办学校的教师的待遇,由举办者自行确定并予以保障。

3. 根据《中华人民共和国义务教育法》规定,学校应当把()放在首位,开展与学生年龄

相适应的社会实践活动。

A. 创新教育

B?素质教育

C. 实践教育

D. 道德教育

【答案】D

【解析】《中华人民共和国义务教育法》第三十六条学校应当把德育放在首位,寓德育于

教育教学之中,开展与学生年龄相适应的社会实践活动,形成学校、家庭、社会相互配合的思想道德教育体系,促进学生养成良好的思想品德和行为习惯。

4?《未成年人保护法》规定,未成年人享有生存权、()受保护权等权利。 A.选举权

B教育权

C发展权

D.婚姻权

【答案】C

【解析】《未成年人保护法》规定第三条未成年人享有生存权、发展权、受保护权、参与权等权利,国家根据未成年人身心发展特点给予特殊、优先保护,保障未成年人的合法权益不受侵犯。未成年人享有受教育权,国家、社会、学校和家庭尊重和保障未成年人的受教

育权。未成年人不分性别、民族、种族、家庭财产状况、宗教信仰等,依法平等地享有权利。

5. 当前,我们要改革教育质量评价和人才评价制度,树立科学人才观,建立以()为基础,

以品德、能力和业绩为导向的科学化,社会化人才评价发现机制。A?教学科研

B. 教学质量

C岗位职责

D?创新研究

【答案】C

【解析】国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020 年)(三十三)改革教育质量评

价和人才评价制度。改进教育教学评价。根据培养目标和人才理念,建立科学、多样的评价标准。开展由政府、学校、家长及社会各方面参与的教育质量评价活动。做好学生成长记录,完善综合素质评价。探索促进学生发展的多种评价方式,激励学生乐观向上、自主自立、努力成才。改进人才评价及选用制度,为人才培养创造良好环境。树立科学人才观,建立以岗

位职责为基础,以品德、能力和业绩为导向的科学化、社会化人才评价发现机制。强化人才

选拔使用中对实践能力的考查,克服社会用人单纯追求学历的倾向。

6. ()是履行教师职责的要求,是教师职业劳动特点的要求,也是整个社会对教师的要求。

A. 教书育人

B. 为人师表

C爱国守法

D.爱岗敬业

【答案】B

【解析】为人师表是实现教育根本任务的要求;为人师表是教师职业劳动特点的要求;为人师表是整个社会对教师的要求。爱岗敬业是教师职业的本质要求;教书育人是教师职业的基本任务。

7. 下列选项中,属于《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划(2010-2020 年)》,提出的战略目标是()

A. 全面普及学前教育

B. 基本实现区域间的教育公平

C全面实施素质教育

D.优质教育资源总量不断扩大

【答案】D

【解析】《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划(2010-2020 年)》提出的战略目标是:到2020 年,基本实现教育现代化,基本形成学习型社会,进入人力资源强国行列。具体有:实现更高水平的普及教育、形成惠及全民的公平教育、提供更加丰富的优质教育、构建体系完备的终身教育、健全充满活力的教育体制。A项表述错误,应为基本普及学前教育;BC项在战略目标里没有相关表述。

8. 我国哪一部法律对未成年学生应尽的义务作了明确规定()

A. 《义务教育法》

B. 《教育法》

C. 《未成年人保护法》

D. 《宪法》

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查我国几部基本的教育法。题干中提出对未成年学生应尽的义务作了明确规定的是哪部法,通过排除首先将 D 选项排除。 A 义务教育法主要是对未成年接受义务教育有明确规定 C 未成年人保护法则是对未成年享有的一些权利有所提出,而 B 选项教育法则是

对未成年学生的权利及义务提出了明确的三遵一学四条规定。

9. 《义务教育法》规定,教育教学工作应当符合( )和学生身心发展特点,面向全体学生,

教书育人。

A. 教育方针

B. 教育规律

C教育目的

D.教育要求

【答案】B

【解析】《义务教育法》第三十四条规定:教育教学工作应当符合教育规律和学生身心发展特点,面向全体学生,教书育人,将德育、智育、体育、美育等有机统一在教育教学活动中,注重培养学生独立思考能力、创新能力和实践能力,促进学生全面发展。

10. 《义务教育法》规定,学校应当寓德育于教育教学之中,开展与( )相适应的社会实践活

动。

A.教育目的

B?社会要求

C学校规范

D.学生年龄

【答案】D

【解析】《义务教育法》规定,第三十六条学校应当把德育放在首位,寓德育于教育教学之中,开展与学生年龄相适应的社会实践活动,形成学校、家庭、社会相互配合的思想道德

教育体系,促进学生养成良好的思想品德和行为习惯。

11. 根据《未成年人保护法》,下列说法正确的是( )。

A.学校教职员工对未成年人实施体罚,变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格行为的,由法院责令改正B?学校教职员工对未成年人实施体罚,变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格行为的,由其所在单位责令整改

C学校教职员工对未成年人实施体罚,变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格行为的,无论情节轻重,都应依法给予处分

D.学校教职员工对未成年人实施体罚,变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格行为的,情节严重的,依法给予刑事处罚

【答案】B

【解析】《未成年人保护法》第六十三条规定:“学校、幼儿园、托儿所教职员工对未成年人实施体罚、变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格行为的,由其所在单位或者上级机关责令改正;情节严重的,依法给予处分。”因此选B。

12 .托尔斯泰说:“如果一个教师把热爱事业和热爱学生结合起来,他就是一个完美的教师”

这意味着教师要( )。

A. 关心学生了解学生

B. 尊重学生信任学生

C严格要求学生对学生一视同仁

D.把热爱事业与热爱学生结合起来

【答案】A

【解析】排除法。尊重学生、信任学生和严格要求学生、对学生一视同仁与题干意思无关,

题干强调要热爱学生,爱的前提是要关心,而不是过多强调要求或者平等。D项与题干重复,

因此选A。热爱事业和热爱学生首先要关心学生和了解学生。

13. 《中小学班主任规定》要求把班主任工作()

A. 当作主业”

B. 看作教学工作以外必须完成的任务

C看作教学

D.看作德育工作

【答案】A

【解析】《中小学班主任工作规定》第二条:班主任是中小学的重要岗位,从事班主任工作是中小学教师的重要职责。教师担任班主任期间应将班主任工作作为主业。

14. 根据《中华人民共和国教师法》对资格和任用的规定,下列说法正确的是()

A. 中小学教师资格由市级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门认定

B. 取得教师资格应当具备的相应学历,不具备规定学历的公民不能申请教师资格证

C取得教师资格的人员首次任教时,应当有试用期

D?教师资格终身有效,任何情况下都不会被取消

【答案】C

【解析】《中华人民共和国教师法》十三条规定:中小学教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门认定。中等专业学校、技工学校的教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门组织有关主管部门认定。普通高等学校的教师资格由国务院或者省、自治区、直辖市教育行政部门或者由其委托的学校认定。具备本法规定的学历或者经国家教师资格考试合格的公民,要求有关部门认定其教师资格的,有关部门应当依照本法规定的条件予以认定。取得教师资格的人员首次任教时,应当有试用期。所以A项错误,C项正确。十一条规定不具

备本法规定的教师资格学历的公民,申请获取教师资格,必须通过国家教师资格考试,B项错误。第十四条规定受到剥夺政治权利或者故意犯罪受到有期徒刑以上刑事处罚的,不能取得教师资格;已经取得教师资格的,丧失教师资格。D项错误。

15. 学生林某发现自己的钱包不见了,怀疑是他的同桌拿了,于是,班主任就把林某的同桌叫到办公室,对其进行搜身,班主任的做法侵犯了学生的() A.人格尊严权

B. 人身自由权

C. 隐私权

D. 名誉权

【答案】B

解析】人身自由权指未成年学生有支配自己人身自由和行动的自由,非法拘禁、搜查和逮捕,如教师不得因为各种理由随意对学生进行搜查,故本题选B。选项A,人格尊严权指学生享有受他人尊重,保持良好形象及尊严的权利,如非经法定程序,不受不得对学生关禁闭。

教师不得对学生进行谩骂、变相惩罚或其他有侮辱学生人格尊严的行为。选项C,隐私权是指自然人享有的私人生活安宁与私人信息秘密依法受到保护,不被他人非法侵扰、知悉、收集、利用和公开的一种人格权,比如说,教师或监护人偷看未成年人的信件,属于侵犯隐私权。名誉权,是指公民或法人保持并维护自己名誉的权利。它是人格权的一种。这些被维护的名誉是指具有人格尊严的名声,是人格的重要内容,受法律的保护。

16. 快期末考试了,班主任王老师上课总拖堂,还取消了学生的体育课,要求学生利用体育课时间进行复习。王老师的这一行为侵犯了学生的( )。

A. 受教育权

B. 身心健康权

C人身自由权

D.人格尊严权

【答案】B

【解析】班主任不让学生上体育课,侵犯了学生的身心健康权。故本题选B。

17. 我国《义务教育法》的立法宗旨是发展( )

A. 义务教育

B. 职业教育

C基础教育

D.中等教育

【答案】C

【解析】我国《义务教育法》的立法宗旨有三条:首先是发展基础教育,其次是促进社会主义物质文明建设,最后是促进社会主义精神文明建设。

18. 下列选项中,哪一项不属于《中华人民共和国教育法》所确定的我国教育基本制度 ( )

A. 教师培训制度

B. 教育考试制度

C教育督导制度

D.学业证书制度

【答案】A

【解析】《中华人民共和国教育法》第十九条规定国家实行职业教育制度和成人教育制度。??…第二十条规定国家实行国家教育考试制度。??…第二十一条规定国家实行学业证书制度。??…第二十二条规定国家实行学位制度。??…第二十四条规定国家实行教育督导制度和学校及其

他教育机构教育评估制度。

19. 《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要( 2010-2020)提出,义务教育的战略性任务是:

A.以人为本

B?均衡发展

C注重创新

D?提升质量

【答案】B

【解析】第九条:推进义务教育均衡发展。均衡发展是义务教育的战略性任务。

20. 根据《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020 年)》,为了减轻中小学学生课业负担,可以采取的改革措施不包括()

A. 修改课程方案

B. 调整教材内容

C促进教学方法

D.减少考试次数

【答案】 A 【解析】《纲要》第四章第十条指出:各级政府要把减负作为教育工作的重要目标,统筹规划,整体推进。调整教材内容,科学设计课程难度。改革考试评价制度和学校考核办法。规范办学行为,建立学生课业负担监测和公告制度。不得以升学率对地区和学校进行排名,不得下达升学指标。规范各种社会补习机构和教辅市场。学校要把减负落实到教育教学各个环节,给学生留下了解社会、深入思考、动手实践的时间。提高教师业务素质,改进教学方法,增强课堂教学效果,减少作业量和考试次数。BCD在《纲要》里都有提及。

21 .新中国成立60 年来,在航天领域取得非凡成就,下列描述符合实际的是()

A. 首次月球探测工程的成功,标志着我国已经进入世界具有深空探测能力的国家行列

B. 1970 年我国成功地研制并发射了第一颗人造地球卫星“东方红一号”,成为世界上第三个独

立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家

C我国是世界上第五个掌握卫星回收技术的国家

D.2003 年10 月发射并回收了“神舟”五号载人飞船,取得首次载人航天飞行的成功,使我国成为了世界上第二个独立开展载人航天活动的国家

【答案】A

【解析】“东方红一号”卫星是我国于1970年4月24 日发射的第一颗人造地球卫星。按时间

先后,我国是继苏、美、法、日之后,世界上第五个用自制火箭发射国产卫星的国家,B项

错误。航天器的安全返回是载人航天的前提。卫星回收技术是寿保险航天的基础技术,目前只有俄(苏),美和我国进行过卫星回收。1975 年,中国成为世界上第三个掌握卫星回收技术的国家,C项错误。中国载人航天工程于1992年启动,而载人航天历程最早却可追溯至1970 年。至今,中国已将6 名航天员送入太空,并实现了航天员舱外活动,已成为世界上继俄罗斯和美国之后第三个独立掌握载人航天技术、独立开展空间实验、独立进行出舱活动的国家。我国是世界上第三个独立开展载人航天活动的国家,D项说法错误。所以选择A选

项。

22. 关于我国的岛屿,下列说法不正确的是()。

A. 我国最大的群岛是舟山群岛

B. 崇明岛是由于长江携带的泥沙在入海口附近堆积形成的沙岛

C. 海南岛是因地沉降、海平面上升而形成的大陆岛

D. 我国的珊瑚礁岛主要分布在东海海域

【答案】D

【解析】舟山群岛是我国最大的群岛,故 A 选项正确;崇明岛地处长江口,是中国第三大岛,被誉为长江门户、东海瀛洲”,是中国最大的河口冲积岛,中国最大的沙岛,故B选项

正确;大陆岛指的是其地质构造与邻近的大陆相似,原属大陆的一部分,由于地壳下沉或海水上升致其与大陆相隔成岛,如海南岛、台湾岛,故C选项正确。我国的珊瑚礁岛主要分布

在南海海域。因此本题选择D选项。

八年级英语10篇完形填空(附答案)

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