2016年职称英语考试卫生类模拟试题第八套

2016年职称英语考试卫生类模拟试题第八套1She found me very dull.A dirtyB sleepyC lazyD boring2The President made brief visit to Beijin9.A shortB workingC formalD secret3He was persuaded to give up the idea.A mentionB acceptC considerD drop4Jack consumes a pound of cheese a dayA eatsB drinksC buysD produces5Mary just told US a very fascinating storyA strangeB frighteningC difficultD interesting答案：DADADSleep Problems Plague the Older SetOlder Americans often have difficulty getting a good night’s rest.It’s a huge quality-of-life problem,experts say,because contrary to popular belief，seniors require about the same amount of sleep as younger adults.“Sleep problems and sleep disorders are not an inherent(固有的)part of aging，”said Dr.Harrison G.Bloom,an associate clinical professor of geriatrics(老年病学)and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.“It’s pretty much of a myth that older people need less sleep than younger people.，’Yet,in a study published recently in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers found that more than half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.Older people tend to have“sleep fragmentation，”meaning they wake up more often during the night,said study author Dr.Julie Gammack,an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St.Louis University.They also seem to get less“REM”sleep,the type of sleep during which rapid eye movement occurs,Bloom added.It's unclear what role these naturally occurring changes in sleep patterns have on a person's quality of life,Bloom said.“What is important,though,is that older people often have actual sleep disorders and problems with sleep，”he said.And, experts say,there is usually more than one cause.“Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses,including specific sleep disorders like sleep apnea(呼吸暂停)and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency in older populations,”said Michael V.Vitiello,a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate director of the University of Washington's Northwest Geriatric Education Center.Taking multiple medications,as many older people do,can also lead to fatigue and“hypersomnia，”or being tired all the time,Bloom added.Another big problem, he noted,is depression and anxiety.“Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems.”Despite the prevalence(流行)of sleep difficulties in older adults,many patients aren’t getting the help they need.As a result,problems like insomnia (失眠)，restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated, Bloom said.1Sleep problems can seriously affect one，s quality of life.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2It is true that older people need less sleep than younger people.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5“Sleep fragmentation”refers to a marked lack of“REM”sleep.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problems.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned答案：ABCABBCViral and Bacterial Bronchitis Revealing The DifferencesDiseases affect the lives of people in an adverse way.Therefore,it is necessary to develop healthy habits in order to prevent the occurrence of these diseases. Diseases are caused by both virus and bacteria;however,in certain cases, environmental conditions also play a major role in causing certain ailments.For instance,bronchitis,an ailment of the respiratory system,is both viral and bacterial bronchitis.Not many people can tell the difference between viral and bacterial bronchitis.Only a medical practitioner will be able to point out the differences between viral and bacterial bronchitis after a careful examination of the patient and the results of laboratory tests.Commonly,viruses cause bronchitis.People with viral bronchitis suffer from difficulties in breathing,headache,pain,wheezing,and other symptoms,such as low-grade fever.Patients will have a persistent,nonproductive cough and will not feel that ill.Bacterial bronchitis,on the other hand,is a more dangerous condition. You will suffer from a high fever and a persistent,productive cough with dark, discolored,and thick mucus.Just as there is a difference between viral and bacterial bronchitis,there is also a difference between the treatments of these conditions.Viral bronchitis does not really require any treatment.Home remedies can successfully heal a person from this condition.However,it cannot and should not be neglected.Care should be taken during the healing process.You need to take a lot of rest and increase your fluid intake.Taking more liquids such as fruit juices,water, and soup helps liquefy the phlegm and makes it easier for the body to expel it.In case of muscle pains,take acetaminophen.If the symptoms cause a great deal of distress,take cough suppressants or expectorants in order to liquefy the mucus. Taking a warm shower or a hot bath also facilitates the expulsion of mucus.In case of bacterial bronchitis,your doctor will usually prescribe antibiotics such as tetracycline,amoxicillin,and erythromycin.The antibiotic to be taken depends on the strain of the bacteria infecting your bronchial tubes.When you are on antibiotic therapy,you may have side effects characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea,and nausea.Some bacteria are drug resistant,and recently,the FDAapproved the use of a drug called gemiflaoxacin mesylate for such bacteria.It comes in the form of an oral tablet that has to be taken daily for five days.The side effects of this drug are diarrhea,skin rashes,and nausea.It is not possible to treat a viral infection with antibiotics;attempts to do so will worsen your condition.Before using any drug,consult your doctor and find out if it is safe for you to use that drug.Cardio respiratory exercises help to regain normal lung function and to expel any excess mucus after the completion of the healing process36.Bronchitis isA.viral only.B.bacterial only.C.both viral and bacterial.D.neither viral nor bacterial正确答案:C37.Which of the followings is NOT a symptom of viral bronchitisA.Difficulties in breathing and wheezing.B.Headache and pain.C.A low-grade fever.D.A persistent,productive cough正确答案:D38.What can be done to relieve the symptoms during the healing processA.Taking more dry solid food helps to liquefy the mucus.B.Taking a warm shower or a hot bath facilitates the expulsion of mucus.C.Taking acetaminophen help liquefy the mucus.D.Taking cough suppressants or expectorants controls muscle pain正确答案:B39.The side effects of antibiotic therapy includes the following EXCEPTA.abdominal pain,,and nausea.B.diarrhea.C.a high fever.D.nausea正确答案:C40.Which of the following statements is true according to the passageA.Viral infection can be treated with antibiotics.ing antibiotics against viral bronchitis brings neither good nor bad effect.C.Cardio respiratory exercises worsen your condition.D.Skin rashes are one of the side effects of gemiflaoxacin mesylate正确答案:DPopulation Crisis in Russia1The Russian government is looking for ways to stop a severe population decline in the country,which has reportedly reached record levels.The demographic crisis, which began in1993,has only deepened despite Russia's booming economy and high revenues from the sale of st year alone,the Russian population shrank by more than half a million people.2If the Russian population continues to decline at its current rate,in just 25years the world's largest country will be inhabited by fewer people than currently live in Japan.Experts warn that the number of Russians--currently142million --could shrink by20million by the year2030.3Russian men are especially at risk as their average life expectancy is now just58--16years less than their counterparts in Western Europe,and a full14 years less than Russian women.Bad lifestyle habits,like excessive smoking and drinking,coupled with accidents and suicides are the main killers.4Russia's Minister of Health and Social Development,Mikhail Zurabov,said Russians traditionally don't take care of their health and that creates a major problem for health officials."Unfortunately,a healthy lifestyle is not the norm here.Alcoholism,smoking and many other things create a lot of serious problems. So in an effort to resolve this,we set ourselves what looked like a very simple task.We wanted to make sure that the citizens of the Russian Federation visit their doctors once every two years.But we can't even make people do simple things like that."5And although a record number of people in Russia were reportedly married last year,many are in no rush to start families,mostly for financial reasons.And even those who do so take a serious risk.According to recent figures,seven in every 10Russian newborns suffer from health disorders and every12th baby is born underweight.6If this demographic trend continues,experts say the Russian economy is set to lose$400billion U.S.in the next two decades and the number of economically active Russians will shrink by3.6million people in the next five years.1Paragraph22Paragraph33Paragraph44Paragraph6A.Influence of population shrink on economyB.Shrinking Russian populationC.Russian’s low birth rateD.Life expectancy shortened and the reasonE.Russian’s carelessness about their healthF.Terrible situation by20305The Russian government is working to6The health officials want the citizens to7According to recent figures,70%of the newborns8Experts warn,by2030,the Russian population couldA.stop alcoholism and smokingB.visit their doctors once every two yearsC.prevent the population from shrinkingD.shrink to122millionE.suffer from health disordersF.prevent the population from expanding正确答案:FDEA CBEDExercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in MenMen who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who(51), new research published in the British Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday.A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked(52)the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in40,708men(53)between45and79.The seven-year study found that men(54)walked or cycled for at least30minutes a day had a34per cent lower risk of(55)from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all.(56)the period studied,3,714men developed cancer and 1,153died from the disease.The researchers suggest that half an hour's walking (57)cycling a day increased survival among these men by33per cent.The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of(58)activity they were usually doing.They then scored these responses and compared the results(59)data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry over a seven-year period.Lead author,Professor Alicja Wolk,said:"These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily(60)such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly(61)"Dr Lesley Walker,director of cancer information at Cancer Research UK,said: "This study gives us a clear indication that men who exercise are less(62)to die from cancer,and that they are more likely to(63)the disease if they get it.It's not entirely clear from this study what role exercise plays in preventing(64)in men,but we do know that a healthy lifestyle can prevent up to half of all cancers-and (65)exercise forms a key part of this."51.A.didn’t B.don’t C.won’t D.can’t52.A.on B.for C.by D.at53.A.ranged B.aged C.ranked D.listed54.A.which B.whom C.who D.what55.A.recovering B.turning C.dying D.surviving56.A.During B.Since C.Despite D.Between57.A.and B.but C.or D.with58.A.mental B.artistic C.psychological D.physical59.A.upon B.towards C.with D.into60.A.life B.exercise C.work D.style61.A.people B.men C.adults D.couples62.A.possible B.able C.apparent D.likely63.A.lose B.miss C.treat D.survive64.A.cancer B.disaster C.mistakes D.accidents65.A.random B.rare C.regular D.rough答案：BDBCC ACDCB BDDACUS’Urging to Do More on Global Food CrisisA group of policy experts says the United States can do more to respond to global food shortages.(1).The report proposes that the United States double the annual commitment to emergency food aid from$1.6billion to$3.2billion.(2).The report also recommends that Washington pursue trade and foreign policies that promote agriculture in developing countries.(3).(4)But he suggested that finding political support for funding the proposals could be a challenge amid increasing costs of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and record budget deficits."I do think that in terms of principle,there is a great deal of bipartisan commitment.(5)" he said.The executive director of the United Nations World Food Program,Josette Sheeran,warned of the possibility of"a wide range of human suffering"in the next three to four years if the international community does not respond to the current crisis.A.However,the dollars are probably the more difficult aspect of it.B.And a report was released to Congress proposing steps aimed at alleviating world hunger.C.The organization's president,John Hamre,released the report at a Capitol Hill forum Tuesday,and called on the United States to play a key role in formulating a response.D.It calls for modernizing the emergency assistance to improve the speed and flexibility of the U.S.response.E.Senator Bob Casey,a Pennsylvania Democrat and member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,welcomed the report.F.Moreover,it suggests that the US work to ease export bans and restrictions that have contributed to higher food prices.正确答案:BDFEA。