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英语语法动名词用法归纳总结

英语语法动名词用法归纳总结

英语语法动名词用法归纳总结动名词是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它由动词+ing构成,可以在句子中充当名词的作用。

在本文中,我们将对英语语法动名词的用法进行归纳总结。

一、动名词作主语1. 动名词作主语可以表示一种习惯、兴趣、爱好等:Walking is good exercise.Reading helps improve vocabulary.2. 动名词作主语还可以表示一种真理、常识或普遍现象:Smoking is harmful to health.Studying is essential for success.二、动名词作宾语1. 动名词作及物动词的宾语:I enjoy watching movies in my free time.She hates doing housework.2. 动名词作介词后的宾语:John is interested in playing basketball.They are good at solving problems.三、动名词作补语1. 动名词作某些动词的补语,表示动作的主体:He kept on talking about his vacation.She felt like dancing all night.2. 动名词作形容词的补语,表示状态或特征:I am tired of studying all day.She is afraid of speaking in public.四、动名词作定语动名词可以作为名词的定语,修饰后面的名词:I bought a running shoe.She is a swimming champion.五、动名词作宾语补足语某些动词后接动名词作宾语补足语,表示动作的完整:I heard him singing in the shower.They saw the girl dancing on the street.六、动名词与不定式的区别1. 动名词表示具体的、正在进行的动作,而不定式表示抽象的、一般性的动作:I enjoy swimming in the ocean. (具体的动作)I enjoy to swim. (不一定正在游泳,只是一般喜欢)2. 多数动词后接动名词作宾语,而很少接不定式作宾语。

动名词

动名词

知识点总结一、动名词的作用1.作主语1)直接位于句首做主语。

Swimming is a good sport in summer.2)it 作形式主语,It is no use telling him not to worry.常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。

注意:important,essential,necessary 之后常用不定式3)用于“There be”结构中。

There is no saying when he''ll come.4)用于布告形式的省略结构中。

No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). No parking.5)动名词的复合结构作主语Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较1)动名词多用来表示泛指,不定式多用来表示特指Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.2)在固定结构“It is no use...”,“It is no good...”,“It is fun...”,“It is a waste of time...”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语:It is no use talking about that.It is no good quarreling with him.3)在疑问句中,通常用动名词的复合结构,而不用不定式的复合结构作主语:Does your saying that mean anything to him? *4)在“There be”句型中,只能用动名词,而不能用不定式作主语:There is no telling what will happen.5)当句子中的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时,要遵循前后一致的原则,主语和表语在形式上要求统一: Seeing is believing. *To see is to believe.2、作宾语(1)作动词的宾语某些及物动词后面直接接宾语时只能加动名词,不能加不定式。

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英语语法动名词
动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ ing 构成。

它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。

动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词 write 为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。

时态/语态主动被动
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
6.1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语
1)作主语。

例如:
Fighting broke out between the South and the North . 南方与北方开战了。

2)作宾语
a . 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。

例如:
admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误
deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象
finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟practice 训练
recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险suggest 建议
face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕keep 继续。

动名词非谓语动词的用法总结

动名词非谓语动词的用法总结

动名词非谓语动词的用法总结一、动名词的定义与形式特点动名词是一种非常常见的语法现象,它是由动词转化而来,但在句子中却充当名词的角色。

其主要特点包括:1. 形式上,动名词通常以-ing结尾;2. 语义上,动名词可以表示动作、状态或者抽象概念。

二、主语和宾语位置的应用方式1. 动名词作主语经常使用动名词作为句子的主语,尤其在强调行为或者习惯时。

例句:Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

2. 动名词作谓语补足语当某些感官类动词(如see, watch, hear等)和使役类动词(如make, let等)后面直接跟着一个宾语时,可以用动名词作为谓语补足语。

例句:I heard him singing in the shower.我听到他在淋浴时唱歌。

3. 动名词作介词宾语有些介词后只能接动名词作为宾语,这些介词有:enjoy, mind, avoid, appreciate 等。

例句:She avoids eating meat for ethical reasons.出于道德考虑,她避免吃肉。

三、动名词作定语和宾语补足语的使用方式1. 动名词作定语当动名词修饰名词时,常用动名词前面加定冠词“the”或不加冠词。

例句:The running water is clearer than still water.流水比静水更清澈。

2. 动名词作宾语补足语有些及物动词后可以接动名词作为宾语补足语来强化或解释动作的结果。

例句:I find learning new languages fascinating.我发现学习新的语言很有意思。

四、复合结构中的应用情景1. 动名词与代词/名词/形容词连用通常,动名词与代词、名词或形容词连用构成复合结构,用来表示一种特定的意思。

这个结构提供了一种简洁明确地表达方式。

例句:She loves playing the piano.她喜欢弹钢琴。

英语语法,动名词用法图表详解,一目了然,备考收藏

英语语法,动名词用法图表详解,一目了然,备考收藏

英语语法,动名词用法图表详解,一目了然,备考收藏
今天全面详细解读动名词的用法,相信对大家的英语语法学习会有所启发。

动名词的用法是中考高考重要考点之一,它是英语语法中很重要的一部分,动名词既具有动词的性质,又具有名词的性质,因此叫动名词。

接下来将从动名词的功能、动名词的复合结构等方面进行详细解读。

相信大家看完后会对动名词的用法掌握的更加透彻。

动名词的句法功能
口诀巧记
动名词的复合结构
动名词复合结构由“物主代词或名词所有格+动名同”构成。

在动名词复合结构中,物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。

这种复合结构多用作主语或宾语,也可用作表语或介词宾语。

当动名词短语作宾语,放在动词或介词后时,名词所有格或物主代词分别可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格代替。

以上总结详细全面,可以收藏以备用。

2022届高三英语一轮语法知识梳理之动名词的用法

2022届高三英语一轮语法知识梳理之动名词的用法

2022年高考英语语法知识点讲解-动名词的用法动名词一、动名词的形式一、动名词的形式1.肯定式2.否定式(1)not doingNot being punctual makes him unreliable.不准时使人觉得他不可靠。

(2)not having doneI’m surprised at your not having noticed.你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。

(3)one’s not doingJenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret.杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。

动名词二、动名词的句法作用二、动名词的句法作用1.作主语(1)动名词作主语时常用it作形式主语。

It is a waste of time doing ...做……是浪费时间It is no good doing ...做……是没好处It is no use doing ...做……是没用处It’s fun doing ...做……很有意思It is worth doing ...值得做……It doesn’t matter doing ...做……没有关系It is no good talking.空谈是没有用的。

It’s fun working for him.为他工作很有意思。

It’s no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶打翻了哭也没有用。

It is a waste of time doing such a thing.做这种事情是浪费时间。

It is worth discussing the problem.讨论这个问题是值得的。

It doesn’t matter wasting a little money.浪费一点钱没有关系。

【比较】①It was nice meeting you.见到你真高兴!(用于分别时)②It is nice to meet you.(用于刚刚见面时)(2)“There is no doing sth.” 句式中作主语,意为“不可能……,无法……”There’s no denying the fact.这一事实不容否认。

高中英语语法精讲2动词的ing形式(动名词)作主语和宾语学案牛津译林版选择性

高中英语语法精讲2动词的ing形式(动名词)作主语和宾语学案牛津译林版选择性

语法精讲②动词的ing形式(动名词)作主语和宾语1.动名词的特点(1)动名词是从动词变化而来的,所以它保留了动词的某些特征。

动名词不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。

(2)动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词,因此,动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

❶People hate being praised for nothing.人们不喜欢无缘无故地被赞扬。

❷The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing up the report in time.那位秘书因没有及时将报告打印出来而受到了责备。

❸We have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.我们不知道他们做了这种事情。

❹After having been treated in the special way,he could deal with everything around him smoothly.接受了特殊的训练后,他能顺利地处理他周围的一切事情。

3.动名词作主语常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作,其被动形式为being done❶Breathing became difficult at that altitude.在那个海拔高度,呼吸变得很困难。

❷Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。

(1)单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,句子的谓语动词需要用单数。

❸Cheating in an exam ruins one's character.考试作弊毁坏人的品性。

(2)有些句子为了保持平衡,避免头重脚轻,用it作形式主语,把真正作主语的动名词(短语)后置。

现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法

现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法

现在分词和过去分词的用法一、现在分词(一)现在分词的定义:现在分词(Present Participle)(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ,是分词的一种,由动词原形+ing形式组成。

具有双重性,一面具有动词的特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语;另一面具有形容词和副词的特征,可以充当表语,定语,状语,补足语,可以表示主动或正在进行的动作,是非谓语动词的一种。

(二)现在分词的功能与用法:1. 作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前,分词短语作定语时放在后,并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。

一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。

e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is runningthe girl standing there → a girl who is standing there例如:The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications.A. requiringB. to be requiredC. being requiredD. to have required2. 作补语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补:1)感官动词:see hear watch feel notice observe keep find listen tolook at2)使役动词:have get catch leave set注意:要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词(有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补)。

eg. I saw him singing now.Don’t have the students studying all day.注意:宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。

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动名词用法21. The girl is singing a song.2. The girl singing now is my sister.3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).三个句子中都有singing。

第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous),是说眼下正在做什么;第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle),它把sing这个动词转为形容词,但仍有动词的成份 ,你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀?原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了!你看,sing原本是个动词,可是现在它加上ing后,看来竟像是一个名词了。

因此记住,不要以为一个动词加上ing后都是现在进行式呀!动名词可分为两大类:一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article,如 the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article,如a, an),其他可加在动名词前的还有如:my, this, some,any, all, no 等等。

举例如下:1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow;coming 前加 the)2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词 faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词;但它和真正的名词还是有区别的,那就是没有单数或复数之分。

不过,有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔,如:saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading,feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。

它们都可以有复数的喔,方法就是在它们的后面加个s,如:paintings。

二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)看看下面的句子:Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.上面的句子里的writing是动名词,但前面有副词carelessly(粗心地),后面又有受词(Object) essays。

因此writing就有动词的特征。

注意:Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。

三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢?在句子中,除了原有的主语之外,属于动名词的"主语",也就称为"逻辑主语",一般位于动名词的前面。

3.1 在动名词前加"物主代词(如:my, his...)"或"名词所有格(如:Mary's,Dog's...)"1. His coming here helped us a lot. (主语/逻辑主语his, 动名词coming)2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主语Tom,动名词escaping)3.2 作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名词所有格"1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (逻辑主语my, 动名词smoking)2. He insisted on Mary's staying there. (逻辑主语Mary, 动名词staying)注意:作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时,则用通格(of the):1.I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimatefriends. (逻辑主语news)3.3 在下列情况中,不能使用所有格:3.3.1 代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this 等作为逻辑主语时:1. I remember all of them saying it .3.3.2 数词、名词化形容词(如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时:1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could notbelieveit.3.3.3 结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语,或受从句或短语修饰时:1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talkinga little louder?四、动名词的语态4.1 被动式(being + v-ed)当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时,动名词要用被动语态。

1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.4.2 完成式 (having + v-ed)动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,要用完成式。

1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.4.3 完成式的被动语态 (having been + v-ed)1. I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.2.Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)rudely.4.4 在动词 need, want, require, deserve 之后的动名词(作为宾语),要用主动语态来表示被动的意思。

1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水).2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回答).在英文正式语体里,动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后,以替代副词/状语的子句(Adverbial Clauses)例:1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the following number:...2. In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the following number:...第二个句子的"In case of "动名词短句(Gerund Phrase) 取代第一个句子的 "Incase" 副词子句。

下列都是这类例子:1. In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached. (In spite of )2. Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted. (despite)3. For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us. (for all)4. The fireman distinguished himself by doing his duty to the utmost. (by)5. In sending us the book you proved to be reliable. (In)6. Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him. (instead of )7. The girl left without saying a word. (without)8. The boy was blamed for breaking the window. (for)9. The children got tired from learning too much. (from)10. After spending the holidays with us, our nephew wentback to England.(after)11. Before going to bed, I opened the window. (before)12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends. (on)13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher. (since)。

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