基础英语学习 Verb + Preposition + gerund
英语语法专项:动名词用法讲解及练习(附答案)
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun);但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗?1. The girl is singing a song.2. The girl singing now is my sister.3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).三个句子中都有singing。
第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous),是说眼下正在做什么;第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle),它把sing这个动词转为形容词,但仍有动词的成份(哈哈,这么一说,要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。
关于分词,以后有空再谈OK?)。
好戏在后头,你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀?原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了!憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词,可是现在它加上ing后,看来竟像是一个名词了。
一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article,如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article,如a, an),其他可加在动名词前的还有如:my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。
举例如下:1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow;coming 前加the)2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词;但它和真正的名词还是有区别的,那就是没有单数或复数之分。
英语知识分享(语句语调、复数读音、词性)
英语知识分享(语句语调、复数读音、词性)一、常见相关词汇1.语音:Phonetics或Pronunciation2.语调:Intonation3.发音Pronunciation4.词语:Word or Vocabulary5.词义:Word meaning or Lexical meaning二、英语学习中的语调:1.陈述句(声明句):(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:表示肯定和完结。
常用于陈述事实或表达观点。
(3)示例:I’m going to the park.(我将要去公园。
)2.一般疑问句:(1)语调:升调(↑)(2)特点:表示不肯定和询问。
常用于询问信息或确认事实。
(3)示例:Are you coming with me?(你要和我一起吗?)3.特殊疑问句:(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:虽然是询问,但语调上表示一种期待具体回答的态度。
(3)示例:Where did you go yesterday?(你昨天去哪里了?)4.祈使句:(1)语调:可升可降(2)特点:降调表示命令、不客气或语气强硬;升调表示勉励、态度和蔼亲切或客气的请求。
(3)示例:1)降调:Stop right there!(就站在那里别动!)2)升调:Please sit down.(请坐下。
)5.选择疑问句:(1)语调:前升后降(先↑后↓)(2)特点:在列举的选项部分使用升调,最后给出选择时使用降调。
(3)示例:Do you want coffee or tea?(你想要咖啡还是茶?)6.反义疑问句:(1)语调:可升可降(2)特点:表达肯定时多用降调,表示询问或不太肯定时多用升调。
(3)示例:1)降调:She is a teacher,isn't she?(她是老师,不是吗?)2)升调:He doesn't know the answer,does he?(他不知道答案,是吗?)7.感叹句:(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:表达强烈的情感或惊讶。
英语知识树(语法)
主语 To learn an art is very hard. (It’s very hard to learn an art.)
(主语) Reading in bed is bad for your eyes
动词不定式 (The infinitive) “to + verb (+….)”
定语 Would you like something to drink?
(2) 由连词whether 或if 引导(口语中常用if) She asked me whether/if
she could borrow
these books..
宾语从句
(The object clause)
宾语从句在复合句中作主句 的宾语。
Complex Sentences
定语从句
(The attributive clause) 在复合句中,修饰某一名词
The train had left when I got there. We had lived here for five years before
you came to Beijing.
从过去某一动作或时间看来计划或打算 做某事或将要发生的动作或状态
He said that he would come to see me soon.
from the east.
8 Tenses
初 中 英 语 八 大 时 态
一般过去时
过去发生的动作或存在的状态
He wrote a letter last night. We were at home yesterday.
现在进行时
目前正在发生的动作或存 在的状态
What are you doing now? I am learning English.
初中英语零基础学语法英语句子结构
初中英语零基础学语法英语句子结构英语句子结构由主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、宾语(Object)等组成。
以下是一些常见的英语句子结构:1. 主语 + 谓语:The cat meows.(猫喵喵叫。
)2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语:She likes apples.(她喜欢苹果。
)3. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书。
)4. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补:They made him the captain.(他们让他成为队长。
)5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语:I consider her intelligent.(我认为她聪明。
)6. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 定语:They had the house painted green.(他们把房子漆成了绿色。
)7. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 状语:We found him lying on the floor.(我们发现他躺在地板上。
)8. 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 间接宾语:She gave me a present.(她给了我一个礼物。
)9. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 状语:The teacher considered the answer correct.(老师认为答案是正确的。
)10. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 状语 + 状语:He painted the house green yesterday.(他昨天把房子漆成了绿色。
这些是一些常见的英语句子结构,可以根据需要进行组合和变化。
建议学习者在学习过程中多读多写句子,加深对英语句子结构的理解和掌握。
零基础英语语法体系
零基础英语语法体系英语语法是学习英语的基石,对于零基础学习者来说,了解并掌握英语语法体系是建立良好英语基础的关键。
以下是对零基础英语语法体系的详细且丰富的介绍。
1.词类(Parts of Speech)英语中的词可分为不同的词类,每个词类都有其独特的特征和用法。
常见的词类包括:-名词(Noun):表示人、物、地点、概念等。
-代词(Pronoun):代替名词的词,例如 he, she, it 等。
-形容词(Adjective):修饰名词或代词,描述人或事物的性质或特征。
-动词(Verb):表示动作、状态或存在。
-副词(Adverb):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示时间、地点、程度等。
-冠词(Article):放在名词前,表示特指或泛指。
-介词(Preposition):表示位置、方向、关系等。
-连词(Conjunction):连接词语、短语或句子。
-感叹词(Interjection):表示强烈的情感或意见。
2.句子结构(Sentence Structure)英语句子的基本结构由主语(Subject)和谓语(Predicate)组成,可以包含其他成分如宾语、定语等。
句子结构有以下几种形式:-简单句(Simple Sentence):只包含一个主语和一个谓语。
-复合句(Compound Sentence):由两个或多个简单句通过连接词(如and, but, or)连接而成。
-并列句(Coordinating Sentences):由两个或多个相同重要性的句子组成。
-从句(Clause):在句子中充当特定角色的句子成分,包括主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
3.时态与语态(Tense and Voice)英语动词的时态表示动作发生的时间,语态表示动作的执行者或承受者。
常见的时态和语态包括:-现在时态(Present Tense):表示现在正在进行或经常发生的动作。
-过去时态(Past Tense):表示过去发生的动作。
英语语法3
His first shot failure(独立主格),he fired again(完整的句子结构). Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. His book now a bestseller, he felt pleased with the world. 1. The physicist has made a discovery, ___ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.(TEM4, 1997) A. I think which is B. that I think is C. which I think is D. which I think it is 因为前面是一个完整的句子,逗号说明后半部分只能是从属,由此排除A,B,而答案D含有多余的成分it,因此选项是C。 2. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and he was warmly received. A. as such B. such as C. as that D. so that 逗号后有and, 说明是并列,排除从属D, such as 后跟名词短语,不跟句子,排除B,没有as that 这样的搭配,因此选A,as such = as such a person. 3. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.(TEM4, 2000) A. drought in others B. droughts are others C. while other droughts D. others in drought and 表并列,排除C表从属。没有动词,说明并列的成分应该与floods in some years 结构对等,只有A。 4. Even as a girl, ___to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teacher.(TEM4, 2001) A. performing by Melissa were B. it was known that Melissa’s performances were C. knowing that Melissa’s performances were D. Melissa knew that performing was and 表并列,后面是一个完整的句子,说明前面一定也是一个完整的句子,排除表从属的A, C, as a girl, 说明该句主语是人,因此选D。 5. We’ve just installed two air-conditions in out apartment, _______should make great
英语初中考试语法中必背单词词汇
英语初中考试语法中必背单词词汇英语初中考试语法中必背单词词汇1. Noun:名词2. Pronoun:代词3. Verb:动词4. Adjective:形容词5. Adverb:副词6. Preposition:介词7. Conjunction:连词8. Interjection:感叹词9. Subject:主语10. Predicate:谓语11. Object:宾语12. Complement:补语13. Infinitive:不定式14. Gerund:动名词15. Participle:分词16. Active voice:主动语态17. Passive voice:被动语态18. Tense:时态19. Present tense:现在时20. Past tense:过去时21. Future tense:将来时22. Perfect tense:完成时23. Continuous tense:进行时24. Simple tense:简单时25. Indefinite article:不定冠词26. Definite article:定冠词27. Possessive pronoun:所有格代词28. Reflexive pronoun:反身代词29. Demonstrative pronoun:指示代词30. Interrogative pronoun:疑问代词31. Relative pronoun:关系代词32. Personal pronoun:人称代词33. Coordinating conjunction:并列连词34. Subordinating conjunction:从属连词35. Conjunctive adverb:连接副词36. Comparative degree:比较级37. Superlative degree:最高级38. Positive degree:原级39. Irregular verbs:不规则动词40. Regular verbs:规则动词。
语法要点回顾非谓语动词的用法总结
语法要点回顾非谓语动词的用法总结语法要点回顾:非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是指在句子中充当其他成分,不具备表示主谓关系的动词形式。
常见的非谓语动词包括不定式、分词和动名词。
它们的用法较灵活,以下是对非谓语动词的用法进行总结和回顾。
一、不定式的用法1. 作主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,常用句型为:To do... is...例句:To learn a foreign language is important for communication.2. 作宾语不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常用句型为:Verb + to do...例句:He wants to watch a movie tonight.3. 作目的状语不定式可以表示动作或目的的目的,常用句型为:In order to do... / To do...例句:She studies hard in order to enter a good university.4. 作结果状语不定式可以表示动作或目的的结果,常用句型为:So as to do... / In order to do...例句:He saved money so as to buy a new car.5. 作定语不定式可以修饰名词,常用句型为:Noun + to do...例句:She needs a person to help her with the project.6. 作状语不定式可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果等方面的状语,常用句型为:(To do...)…例句:- We woke up early to catch the train.- I came here today to see you.二、分词的用法1. 现在分词作定语现在分词可以修饰名词,常用句型为:Noun + V-ing...例句:The running water sounds very pleasant.2. 过去分词作定语过去分词可以修饰名词,常用句型为:Noun + V-ed...例句:The broken vase needs to be replaced.3. 分词短语作状语分词和分词短语可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果等方面的状语。
(完整版)英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1.Parts of speech 词类noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词2. Word building 构词法conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词3.Classification of nouns 名词的分类common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词indefinite pronouns 不定代词5.数词、形容词、冠词cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词the indefinite article 不定冠词6.Classification of verbs 动词的分类national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式the participle 分词the present participle现在分词the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式7.Tense 时态the present tense 一般现在时the past tense 一般过去时the future tense一般将来时the past future tense一般过去将来时the present continuous现在进行时the past continuous 过去进行时the future continuous 将来进行时the past future continuous过去将来进行时the present perfect 现在完成时the past perfect过去完成时the future perfect 将来完成时the past future perfect 过去将来完成时the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时8.Voice 语态、Mood 语气the passive voice 被动语态the active voice 主动语态the indicative mood 陈述语气the imperative mood 祈使语气the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气9.Classification of adverbs 副词的分类adverbs of place 地点副词adverbs of time 时间副词adverbs of degree程度副词adverbs of manner 方式副词adverbs of frequency频度副词relative adverbs 关系副词interrogative adverbs 疑问副词conjunctive adverbs连接副词10.Members of the sentence 句子成分the subject 主语the predicate 谓语the predicative 表语the object 宾语the attribute 定语the adverbial 状语the appositive 同位语independent elements 独立成分the direct object 直接宾语the indirect object 间接宾语parenthesis 插入语the double possessive 双重所有格the formal subject/object 形式主语/宾语subject complement 主语补足语object complement 宾语补足语11.Classification of sentences句子的分类declarative sentences 陈述句imperative sentences 祈使句exclamatory sentences感叹句interrogative sentences 疑问句general questions 一般疑问句special questions 特殊疑问句alternative questions选择疑问句disjunctive questions 反意疑问句tap questions 附加疑问句simple sentences 简单句compound sentences 复合句complex sentences 并列句elliptical sentences 省略句phrase 短语preposition phrases 介词短语infinitive phrases 不定式短语the question word 疑问词12.Clauses 从句main clauses 主句subject clauses 主语从句object clauses宾语从句direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语predicate clauses 谓语从句predicative clauses 表语从句attributive clauses定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定语从句appositive clauses同位语从句adverbial clauses状语从句adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree / result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句sentences of real condition真实条件句sentences of unreal condition 虚拟条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序full inversion 完全倒装partial inversion 部分倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentences 句型转换analysis of sentences 句子分析13. Punctuation 标点符号period/full stop 句号comma 逗号semicolon分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen连字号brackets 括号question mark 问号quotation marks 引号apostrophe 省略号14.The pronunciation of English 英语发音international phonetic国际音标the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音pure vowels 单元音diphthongs 双元音semi-vowel 半元音consonants 辅音nasal 鼻音plosive 爆破音fricative磨擦音affricate 破擦音voiced sounds浊音voiceless 清音length mark 长音符号stress 重读main stress 主重读音节secondary stress 次重读音节unstressed 非重读音节rhythm 节奏intonation 语调 a level pitch 平调rising tune 升调falling tune 降调。
(完整版)英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used英语语法常用词语1.Parts of speech noun 名词verb动词conjunction 连词词类pronoun 代词adverb 副词interjection 惋惜词numeral 数词article冠词particle 小品词adjective 形容词preposition介词2. Word building conversion 转变suffix 后缀构词法derivation派生compound words 合成词affixation词缀法prefix前缀3. Classification of nouns名词的分类common nouns一般名词individual nouns 个体名词material nouns 物质名词countable nouns 可数名词the singular form 单数形式the common case一般格the subjective case主格person 人称proper nouns 专有名词collective nouns 会集名词abstract nouns 抽象名词uncountable nouns不可以数名词the plural form 复数形式the possessive case所有格the objective case 宾格third person singular 第三人称单数4. Classification of pronouns代词的分类personal pronouns 人称代词self pronouns 反身代词interrogative pronouns 疑问代词relative pronouns 关系代词indefinite pronouns 不定代词possessive pronouns物主代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词5.数词、形容词、冠词cardinal numerals 基数词fractional numerals 分数词the superlative degree最高等the indefinite article不定冠词ordinal numerals 序数词the comparative degree比较级The definite article 定冠词6.Classification of verbs动词的分类national verbs 实义动词auxiliary verbs 助动词transitive verbs 及物动词regular verbs 规则动词the present forms 现在式the participle 分词the past participle 过去分词the gerund 动名词link-verbs 系动词modal verbs神情动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词irregular verbs 不规则动词the past forms 过去式the present participle现在分词the infinitive 不定式bare infinitive 不带 to 的不定式7.Tense 时态the present tense一般现在时the future tense一般将来时the present continuous现在进行时the future continuous 将来进行时the present perfect 现在完成时the future perfect 将来完成时the past tense 一般过去时the past future tense一般过去将来时the past continuous 过去进行时the past future continuous过去将来进行时the past perfect过去完成时the past future perfect 过去将来完成时the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时8.Voice 语态、 Mood 语气the passive voice 被动语态the indicative mood 陈述语气the subjunctive mood 虚假语气the active voice 主动语态the imperative mood 祈使语气9.Classification of adverbs副词的分类adverbs of place 地点副词adverbs of time 时间副词adverbs of degree程度副词adverbs of manner 方式副词adverbs of frequency频度副词relative adverbs 关系副词interrogative adverbs 疑问副词conjunctive adverbs连接副词10. Members of the sentence 句子成分the subject 主语the predicate 谓语the predicative 表语the object the attribute 定语the adverbial 状语the appositive 同位语independent elements独立成分the direct object 直接宾语the indirect object 间接宾语parenthesis 插入语the double possessive 双重所有格the formal subject/object 形式主语subject complement 主语补足语object complement宾语补足语宾语/宾语11. Classification of sentences句子的分类declarative sentences陈述句exclamatory sentences惋惜句general questions 一般疑问句alternative questions选择疑问句 tap questions 附加疑问句compound sentences复合句elliptical sentences 省略句infinitive phrases 不定式短语imperative sentences 祈使句interrogative sentences 疑问句special questions 特别疑问句disjunctive questions 反意疑问句simple sentences简单句complex sentences并列句phrase 短语preposition phrases 介词短语the question word 疑问词12.Clauses 从句 mainclauses 主句 object clauses宾语从句subject clauses 主语从句direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语predicate clauses谓语从句predicative clauses 表语从句attributive clauses定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限制性定语从句appositive clauses同位语从句adverbial clauses状语从句adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree/ result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 条件 / 程度 / 结果 / 退步 / 目的 / 比较 / 方式状语从句sentences of real condition 真实条件句sentences of unreal condition 虚假条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序full inversion 完满倒装partial inversion 部分倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentences句型变换analysis of sentences句子解析13. Punctuation标点符号period/full stop 句号comma逗号semicolon 分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen 连字号brackets 括号question mark问号quotation marks引号apostrophe 省略号14.The pronunciation of English英语发音international phonetic 国际音标the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音pure vowels 单元音diphthongs 双元音semi-vowel 半元音consonants 辅音nasal 鼻音plosive 爆破音fricative 磨擦音affricate 破擦音voiced sounds浊音voiceless 清音length mark 长音符号stress 重读main stress 主重读音节secondary stress次重读音节unstressed 非重读音节rhythm 节奏rising tune 升调intonationfalling tune语调降调a level pitch平调。
